DE102006050036A1 - Breaking down wood materials by ripping, e.g. tree trunks, feeds it between preliminary rotors at a slower speed than their rotation to pass directly to a main rotor at a slower speed than its rotation - Google Patents

Abstract

To break down wood materials by ripping, e.g. tree trunks and the like, it is fed by a conveyor (1) between preliminary ripping rotors (2,3) and then carried directly to a main rotor (4). The material is fed to the preliminary rotors at a slower speed than their peripheral speeds and it is thrown to the main rotor at a slower speed than its rotary speed. A mantle (8) shrouds the under side of the lower preliminary rotor.

Description

technical background

object The invention relates to a method and a device for treatment of material in a ripper equipped with rotating rotors, the to tearing solid material for the purpose of reducing the piece size of the material can be used. Depending on your specific purpose become such a ripper also referred to as a crusher or hacker; be in this writing However, they all as a ripper designated.

In equipped with rotor outliers The material is either gravity through one Downpipe or in the horizontal direction with any feeder supplied to the rotor. The horizontal feeders are either to the piston, roller or link belt type. The most common solutions include, for example a belt conveyor or a chain conveyor with a downstream roller conveyor and a press roller arranged above it, which convey the material towards the rotor. The press roll or The roller conveyor is sometimes replaced by a track. Often a dispenser of the piston type is used, which is an advantage simple Construction and operational safety offers, but its disadvantage in the unsteady movement of the piston.

Such Donators are straightforward and work especially in small ones outliers good with horizontal material task. With increasing tear performance but becomes the fortune of the employer, the high, in its form often indefinite stream of to shred material without clogging, and on the other hand, the conveying all feedstock as such directly to the main rotor towards the Problem.

At the Shredding for example of stumps and Schlagabraumballen is it's often useful to subject the material flow of a pre-crushing before the Tear into the definitely desired piece size.

To the Pre-shredding has traditionally been a separate device, for example, the relatively slowly rotating, coarse-toothed Has rotors, between which the material is crushed; at the Crushing tailings for example, to logs, which then sent for definitive shredding by a separate ripper become.

For example, from the patent US 5,947,395 is a crusher known. This has a conveyor belt and roller arranged thereover feeding device, with which the material to be crushed, especially wood material, a counter rotating to the feed roller crushing rotor is supplied. The roller also acts as a breaker to some degree. The feed roller rotates faster than the belt, and the crushing rotor rotates at a much higher speed. With the application roller, the impact force of the material parts to be increased against the circulating at unusually high speed crushing rotor and so the crushing performance can be increased. The impact force is also increased by the fact that the shredding rotor hits against the flow of material.

The described method for introducing material into the burster or however, for pre-shredding the material are not particularly effective for example in large-scale production, at the material flows several hundred cubic meters or over about 100 tons of dry matter per hour.

description the invention

Now were according to the independent claims a Method and device for treatment, i. processing of material by tearing and the use of the method and apparatus for rupturing Wood material, in particular for firing certain wood material, invented. In the rest claims will be some advantageous embodiments presented the invention.

According to the invention Material in the ripper with a sponsor introduced, which consist in particular of a horizontal belt or chain conveyor can. With the conveyor The material can be fed to the ripper in a continuous stream. It is beneficial if the feed rate is adjustable is.

Of the feed conveyor Bring the material between the lickerin's lobes. The Device has two or more licker-in rotors. The speed between the vortex rotors material is lower than the peripheral speed the vortex rotors (the determining factor for the capacity is). The material speed can, for example, a maximum of 1 m / s, the peripheral speed of the licker-in rotors for example 4-15 m / s. The material is so to speak in the formed by the rotors Gap, i. Nip drawn in, and the cross-sectional area and / or the density of the material flow decreases with increasing speed. With a view to the good functioning of the invention, a clear Speed difference be present. Also the Vorreißrotoren can If necessary, it can be designed to be speed-adjustable.

the Main zipper rotor in turn, the material is one with respect to its peripheral speed fed to lower speed. The peripheral speed of the main tearing rotor for example, 15-35 m / s. As the volumetric capacity in the transition from the task to the main crushing increases, and especially if the task is already controllable, the main tearing rotor needs not to be equipped with an adjustable drive. The is an advantage, because the implementation of the regulation in the main engine turns out to be more difficult.

The Vorreißrotoren have strong claw-like teeth that are attached to the uneven surfaces of the Feed and for example roots, branches and the like above all by tearing apart mince. Also, the licker-in rotors distribute the material especially in the transverse direction over the entire tearing width of the device.

The Method has an advantageous effect on the crushing process by oversizing the insertion Feed into the ripper relieved, stones smashed before the actual tearing and those on the main rotor reducing peak loads. The regulation of the breaking process is relieved because the volume capacity of the process is about to end grows, and clogging of the main rotor is unlikely because of the material Volumetrisch always has space. By slowing down the preceding step reduce the load of the following stages.

The Rotors are preferably arranged so that the material of the Vorreißrotoren directly to the main tearing rotor passes, i. without the use of separate moving means of transport, but from the lickerin rotors pushed or thrown or sliding horizontally or diagonally downwards. The main tearing rotor is located viewed in the material direction preferably so laterally the Vorreißrotoren, that its axis above the vertex of the lower Vorreißrotors lies.

Of the Main zipper rotor is preferred with tear blades stocked, the on possible efficient way to deliver shredded material of the desired kind, and works with a grid surrounding it on its underside. The grate has counter knives and between these openings, over the The cut material is removed.

The Vorreißrotoren are best over each other arranged. In this case, the lower rotor is preferred on its underside surrounded by a jacket, which is preferably perforated. The gap between coat and rotor is best smaller than the gap between top and bottom lower rotor, however, so that even material that considerably greater than the desired piece size is, around the lower licker-in rotor back in the lick nip can run. The holes of the jacket are preferably smaller than the outlet openings the grid of the main tearing rotor. The through the mantle holes outgoing material is generally crushed as supplied by the main tearing rotor Material slammed.

Of the Vertex of the lower Vorreißrotors is preferred higher than the transport level of the conveyor.

The Direction of rotation of the main tearing rotor is preferably chosen that the material striking the rotor is directly on the underneath located grating passes. Are the Vorreißrotoren arranged one above the other, so has the main tearing rotor So the same sense of rotation as the upper Vorreißrotor. The main tearing rotor hits same direction on the incoming material stream.

It is beneficial if the mutual distance of the licker-in rotors is adjustable; with one above the other arranged rotors preferably so that the upper rotor in vertical Direction can be shifted.

Of the Ripper according to the invention thus contains three separate units: the feed conveyor, behind the feed conveyor the lickerin wheels and behind this the main rip rotor.

The Invention is particularly suitable for use in snatchers, the used for comminution serving as fuel wood material become.

In the following, an advantageous embodiment of the invention will be described in more detail. In the drawings for description shows 1 the ripper in the cut.

The ripper in 1 has as main parts a material feed conveyor 1 , a lazy tale with the lickerin wheels 2 and 3 and following this a main ripper with the main rip rotor 4 , The feed material consists of wood material, in particular slag, which is comminuted for burning. The speed of the feed conveyor 1 is a maximum of 1 m / s and is adjustable.

In the lickers are located one above the other arranged the lower rotor 2 and the upper rotor 3 that rotate in opposite directions so that they are from the feed conveyor 1 upcoming material continues to main flywheel 4 transport. The circumference of the lower rotor 2 is with fangs 5 , the circumference of the upper rotor 3 with fangs 6 and the circumference of the main rotor 4 with tear blades 7 stocked. The rotors have the same width.

The lower rotor 2 and the upper rotor 3 form between them a relatively wide lintel gap. To regulate the gap width, the upper rotor 3 be shifted vertically. The task conveyor 1 consists of a horizontal belt conveyor with which the flow of material is pushed into the licker-in gap. The vertex of the lower rotor 2 is slightly higher than the surface of the conveyor 1 ,

The peripheral speed of the licker rotors 2 and 3 when tearing is much greater than the speed of the conveyor 1 , The peripheral speed may be 4-15 m / s, for example. The material is thus torn as it were in the Vorreißspalt.

The lickerin rotors 2 and 2 are with relatively large and strong claw-like fangs 5 . 6 who reliably grasp the load, even inhomogeneous goods (such as stumps and branches) and break it up into smaller pieces by tearing it up. In the pre-tear gap, it also comes to a balance of material flow, especially in the width direction over the entire working width. Even stones are smashed.

The lower rotor 2 is at the bottom of the coat 8th surrounded, the opposing teeth 9 and between these holes 10 having. The one between the lower rotor 2 and the coat 8th existing gap is smaller than that between the lower rotor 2 and the upper rotor 3 existing gap, but still relatively far. The openings 10 are so small that they can not give off coarse material in terms of the desired final piece size. However, some of the finest material already goes beyond the openings 10 from. At the task conveyor 1 facing the end of the mantle 8th is a horizontal level at the level of the promoter 11 Part available that acts as a task table.

From the one of the Vorreißrotoren 2 and 3 formed Vorreißspalt a part of the material in material direction further to the main rupture rotor 4 thrown out. Part of the material falls down and gets off the bottom rotor 2 into the gap between the lower rotor 2 and coat 8th pulled, from where the finest material over the openings 10 go, while the rest of the material in the licker-crack back.

The peripheral speed of the main tearing rotor 4 when tearing is significantly higher than that of the Vorreißrotoren 2 and 3 ; it can be 15-35 m / s, for example.

With high speed one achieves so, since the main rotor 4 the same width as the pre-rotors 2 and 3 has, a correspondingly high capacity. The main rotor 4 has a larger diameter than the Vorrotoren 2 and 3 , The axis of the main rotor is approximately equal to that of the Vorrotoren 2 and 3 formed gap.

There the volume capacity of the tearing process At the end, the regulation of the process is facilitated. One Clogging of the main rotor is unlikely, because of the material Volumetric space is always available. By slowing down the preceding stage can load the following stages as needed be reduced.

The main tearing rotor 4 is with tear-rippers especially suitable for tearing 7 equipped and on its underside of a grid 12 with counter knives 13 and outlet openings 14 surrounded between these. The one from the main rotor 4 and the grate 12 formed tear gap is much narrower than that between Vorreißrotor 2 and coat 8th existing gap. The tear gap determines the piece size of the outgoing material. Thanks to the pre-tearing the wear of the razor keeps 7 despite the high peripheral speed of the main rotor 4 within tolerable limits. The main stream of shredded material passes over the outlet ports 14 from. This main flow is through the openings 10 obtained material stream slammed.

The coat 8th and the grate 12 are above a separation threshold 15 connected with each other. This thus determines the location at which the material is torn between the main tearing rotor for tearing 4 and the grate 12 arrives. The separation threshold is slightly below that of the licker-in rotors 2 and 3 formed gap. The grate 12 extends as a lid 16 over the rotors 2 . 3 and 4 ,

The The invention described herein can be set forth in the claims Borders can also be used in other types of ripper.

Claims (10)

Tear material for treating particulate material, wherein the material is treated with a feed conveyor ( 1 ) between lickerin rotors ( 2 . 3 ) and from there directly to the Hauptreißrotor ( 4 ), characterized in that the material moves at a speed of movement between the licker-in rotors ( 2 . 3 ) is introduced, which is lower than the peripheral speed of the Vorreißrotoren ( 2 . 3 ), and that the material from the area of the Vorreißrotoren ( 2 . 3 ) at a speed of movement to the main tearing rotor ( 4 ), which is lower than the peripheral speed of the main tearing rotor. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the material from the licker-in rotors ( 2 . 3 ) to the main rupture rotor ( 4 ) is thrown out. To treat lumpy material by tearing apparatus comprising a feed conveyor ( 1 ), Vorreißrotoren ( 2 . 3 ) and a main rupture rotor ( 4 ), wherein the feed conveyor brings the material to be torn between the licker-in rotors from where it is fed directly to the main tearing rotor, characterized in that the speed of movement of the between the tearing rotors ( 2 . 3 ) of incoming material lower than the peripheral speed of the licker-in rotors and the speed of the main tearing rotor ( 4 ) is less than the peripheral speed of the main tearing rotor. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the licker-in rotors ( 2 . 3 ) are arranged one above the other. Device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the main rip rotor is laterally separated from the licker-in rotors ( 2 . 3 ) is arranged. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the lower licker-in rotor ( 2 ) on its underside by a jacket ( 8th ) is surrounded. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the main rupture rotor ( 4 ) the same direction of rotation as the upper licker-in rotor ( 3 ) Has. Device according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the vertex of the lower lobe rotor ( 2 ) higher than the transport level of the feed conveyor ( 1 ) lies. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the gap between the lobes ( 2 . 3 ) is adjustable. Use of the method according to claim 1 or 2 or the device according to any one of claims 3 to 9 for reducing the piece size of wood material, in particular of wood material to be increased.