DE102005061555B4 - Photocell, especially for a gate, as well as closing element and gate with such a light barrier - Google Patents

Abstract

Photocell, in particular for a gate (1), with a transmitter (22), a receiver (23) and with a holder, by means of which the transmitter (22) and / or the receiver (23) are movable in the region of a closing edge (12) is fastened, characterized in that the holder has a four-bar chain.

Description

The present invention relates to a light barrier, in particular for a gate, with a transmitter and a receiver. By means of a holder of the transmitter and / or the receiver in the region of a closing edge is movably fastened. The invention further relates to a closing element and a gate with such a light barrier.

Such a light barrier is often used in gates and serves as anti-trap, d. H. as a safeguard against jamming of objects or body parts during the closing process of the door. Thus, when the light beam of the light barrier is interrupted, a control signal is generated which slows down the drive and possibly reverses it in the opposite direction.

From the DE 88 04 437 U1 is a device with a resiliently evading security member in the region of a closing edge known, wherein the safety member is articulated via two links. Furthermore, from the EP 0 284 066 B1 a high-speed door is known, which is provided with a switching device consisting of a light barrier, which is used as anti-trap. Here, the transmitter and a receiver having light barrier is arranged at a certain distance below a final profile of the door leaf, this distance corresponds to the Abbremsweg. The Abbremsweg is also referred to as caster and is composed of the switching delay and the braking distance.

The transmitter and the receiver are each attached to a movable stamp.

Thus, in the known gate, a sliding guide is provided for the light barrier entering the closing profile in the closing state of the door. Such a sliding guide is complicated and expensive to manufacture, is susceptible to dirt and not completely maintenance free.

The invention has for its object to provide an anti-trap, which is hardly susceptible to dirt, largely maintenance-free and relatively inexpensive to produce.

To achieve the above object, a light barrier is proposed which has a transmitter, a receiver and a holder by means of which the transmitter or the receiver is movably fastened in the region of a closing edge and wherein the holder has a four-bar chain. Such a configured light barrier proves to be particularly smoothly adjustable from the operating position to the rest position. In the operating position, the light barrier fulfills its intended function and recognizes objects or bodies in the travel path. In the rest position, the light barrier must be positioned so that the door can be completely closed. This requires a movable arrangement of the components of the light barrier. According to the invention, a smooth construction is provided by means of the four-bar chain, with which the light barrier can be brought easily and reliably from the operating position into the rest position. Such a holder is also interesting for an arbitrarily held gate with one or more light barriers. The holder is simple and very inexpensive to produce. Nevertheless, an exact guidance is possible. Due to the four-bar chain, the holder can be made very flat, so that it fits into very flat profiles, such as roller shutter profiles.

For the purposes of the present invention, a light barrier is understood to be any device which, with the use of light or the same radiation in the form of light beams (including infrared or ultraviolet) or similar radiation or light bundles or other bundles of an electromagnetic type, is set up in such a way that a light beam Area of the light beam existing object, such as an object or a body part, is detected as a result of the interruption of the light beam. In the case of detection of such an object, a control signal can be generated to stop and / or reverse the drive of the door. The light beam can be generated by any known radiation or light sources, such as lamps, light-emitting diodes or lasers.

An end element and a gate with such a light barrier are the subject of the additional claims.

Advantageous embodiments of the light barrier according to the invention are described in the subclaims.

In a preferred embodiment, the four-bar chain can be accommodated in a closing element which forms or forms the closing edge. Compared to conventional light barriers, this results in the advantage that the adjustment mechanism to transfer the holder from the operating position to the rest position, is exposed to no or at least lower external environmental influences and is better protected against damage. As a result of the four-bar design, the holder can be recessed with transmitter or receiver including any cable guide in the rest position in the closing element. As a result, the transmitter or receiver is exposed to low environmental influences and also protected against collision or damage. At the same time, within the final element Sensors, such as a reed contact, are introduced for detecting the position of the holder or light barrier. In this case, the angle of one or more elements of the holder is primarily detected. Preferably, the closing element is formed by a closing profile with a cavity.

Conveniently, the four-bar linkage comprises a first link - first crank - and second link - second crank - each link - crank - each having a first end and a second end. In each case, the first end is articulated and connected to the closing edge. For example, both members are rotatably mounted on a base having the closing edge, in particular a closure profile. The plane of rotation is preferably substantially parallel to one another. At the second end of the first member and the second end of the second member, a third link - the coupling - hinged. In this way, a nearly vertical retraction and extension of the light barrier is possible. The transition from the rest position to the operating position is effected by the gravity of the holder and / or by a spring. The four-link chain described above can also be used for one or more light barriers.

Conveniently, the at least one light barrier to the third member - the coupling - attached. The third link may carry the transmitter, the receiver and / or both or a reflector. It may also be a rod to the third limb -. B. articulated - connect. The rod then has the transmitter and / or the receiver or a reflector. As a result of the four-bar chain construction, the bar remains almost completely in a vertically aligned position in any position. But even with immediate use of the third member as a carrier for the respective light barrier element (transmitter / receiver / reflector), this moves substantially vertically. It is thus possible to provide for the entry / exit of the light barrier element in the region of the closing edge a very small, narrow opening, which can hardly be affected by soiling.

According to a further preferred embodiment, a beam splitter is provided which divides the light beam into a multiplicity of partial light barriers. In each case a partial light beam forms a light barrier. Such a beam splitter can be formed for example by a prism. In this way, only one light source, that is a transmitter, to supply multiple photocells is required.

In a further preferred embodiment, at least one Strahlumlenkeinheit is provided which deflects the light beam or the partial light beam. The beam deflecting unit is preferably adjustable between different positions. As a deflection unit, for example, both a translationally and rotationally movable mirror is used. The beam deflection unit can be set up in such a way that it can be adjusted at predetermined times between the positions, wherein the times can preferably be determined as a function of the speed of the drive.

As a further solution to the above object, a cavity is provided in a closure element for a gate with a light barrier according to the invention, wherein by means of a holder having a four-bar chain, a transmitter or a receiver, a transceiver unit or a reflector in the region of a closing edge of the gate movable and in the cavity is retractable.

As a further solution to the above object is a goal, in particular a high-speed door, with a door leaf, which has a closing edge and is movable by means of a drive within a travel provided. In this case, at least one formed at a distance from the closing edge of the invention is provided light barrier.

The advantage here is if the distance between the closing edge and the light barrier is variable. In this way, the distance or the distances can be adapted to the speed of the door leaf and / or to predetermined provisions of domestic or foreign safety regulations.

A preferred embodiment is that the light barrier is arranged mitbewegend with the door leaf. For example, the light barrier can be moved via a chain that is coupled to a drive shaft of the door leaf. In such an embodiment, then there is no direct rigid component connection between the light barriers and the door leaf. Most preferred, however, is a co-movement by coupling or attachment to the door leaf.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the light barrier is movable relative to the door leaf. Here is therefore at least temporarily an offset movement of door leaf and light barrier instead. Thus, for example, when closing the door leaf first the light barrier and offset in time the door leaf to be moved so as to adjust the distance of the light barrier to the closing edge can.

Preferably, the light barrier is movable by the drive for the door leaf. Thus, the rotation of a drive shaft of the door leaf drive can be converted into a translatory movement of the light barrier, for example with a Chain. Alternatively, however, the light barrier can also be driven separately and the drives of the light barrier and the door leaf are matched to one another. When arranged on the door leaf light barrier this can be brought by gravity or by a biasing element in its functional position and pressed when moving in the closed position by the resistance on the ground or the other opening boundary in a retracted position.

Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings. Here are shown schematically:

1 a schematic view of a gate with a light barrier according to the invention;

2 an enlarged section in the region of the first end of the closing edge of a light barrier according to the invention with a schematic representation of the holder of the light barrier in a first position;

3 a section according to 2 with the photocell in a second position, and

4 a section according to 2 with the photocell in a third position, and

5 a graph for two movement parameters of the mounting location of a light barrier element of the light barrier of 2 to 4 ,

The 1 shows a goal 1 in the form of a high-speed door with two vertical side profiles 2 . 3 and a horizontal upper profile 4 that the two side profiles 2 . 3 as the upper conclusion of the door opening connects. A lower degree 5 of the gate 1 is formed by the soil.

To close or open the door opening is a door leaf 10 by means of a drive within a travel from an open position to a closed position movable. The lower edge is the door leaf 10 a closing edge 12 on, which includes a sealing profile. The closing edge has a first end 13 and a second end 14 on. To ensure reliable guidance and sealing of the door leaf 10 to ensure are the lateral edges 15 . 16 of the door leaf 10 in the page profiles 2 . 3 guided.

Below the closing edge 12 is a light barrier at a distance A 20 intended. To get this from the closing edge 12 To accomplish spaced arrangement is a holder 104 provided, which can be brought from an operating position to a rest position and vice versa.

How out 1 to further refer to form the transmitter 22 and the receiver 23 a photocell 20 , The transmitter sends 22 a ray of light 21 towards the receiver 23 (in 1 left to right). As in 1 shown, the light beam passes 21 essentially horizontal and parallel to the closing edge 12 and at a distance A from the closing edge 12 spaced. For example, the distance A is less than 100 mm.

In a further embodiment (not shown), a plurality of light barriers may be provided, wherein the distance between the closing edge 12 and the light beam generated by the nearest light barrier and the distances between the light beams formed by the other light barriers are less than 50 mm. In this case, a light beam emitted by a transmitter can be divided into a plurality of partial light beams, each partial light beam forming a light barrier. Furthermore, a beam deflecting unit may be provided to redirect the light beam or the partial light beam.

The 2 to 4 show an enlarged section in the region of the first end 13 the closing edge 12 a photocell 150 with a schematic representation of the holder. In 4 is the operating position of the light barrier 150 shown at a closing movement of the door leaf. 3 shows a middle position with already partially in a final element 100 Retracted photocell. In 2 the photocell is completely in the final element 100 retracted, ie the photocell is in the rest position.

The gate 130 is in this example a roller door with a top profile 102 as a final element 100 , The roller door can be formed from a series of hinged profiles. In another embodiment, the roller shutter on a curtain of flexible material. In both cases, the final profile forms 102 the lower closing edge. The final profile 102 is provided with an approximately 70 mm high hollow chamber in which the light barrier 150 can be accommodated.

The light barrier has a holder 104 with a four-link chain mechanism 106 on. The term four-link chain is well known in the transmission theory. It represents a basic form of a flat gearbox. Here are two moving on a surface elements or cranks, here links 110 . 111 called hinged with one end movable. At the other end, the two rods or links are coupled together by another element or rod - the coupling - here called the third link. In the illustrated example, such a quadrilateral chain is used to a space-saving holder for a retractable ("dipping") light barrier in a door leaf, which can be produced easily and inexpensively 150 to accomplish.

The holder 104 the photocell is therefore in the closing edge 12 final element 100 retractable and retractable. This includes the four-link chain 106 a first crank or a first link 110 and a second crank or a second link 111 , The two limbs 110 . 111 are each in the range of one of their ends on a common ground, in our example, directly or indirectly to the end profile 102 , hinged. The first end of the first link 110 is here over a first joint 114 rotatable on the end profile 102 fixed. The first end of the second link 111 is about a second joint 115 rotatable on the end profile 102 established. The axes of rotation of the joints 114 . 115 as well as the other joints 116 . 117 , which are explained in more detail below, are substantially parallel. In our example, the axes of rotation are each perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.

The first link 110 is formed in the example as a straight rod. The second link 111 whose joint 115 deeper than the first joint 114 is arranged in the form of an angle with a first rod-shaped element 122 and a second rod-shaped element rigidly hinged thereto 123 educated. Due to this angular shape, which lies within the plane of rotation, the second member in his in 2 shown extended position from the closing element 100 protrude.

The final profile 102 This graduation element 100 forms, points to this at the bottom 128 facing side an opening 124 on, through which the light barrier 150 partially extend and retract.

At the second end are the two limbs 110 . 111 hinged to a paddock or a third limb 112 hinged. The third link 112 is at the second end of the first link via a third joint 116 hinged. The free end of the second rod-shaped element 123 the angular second member 111 is at a middle area of the third limb 112 by means of a fourth joint 117 hinged.

At the free end of the third link 112 is then a light barrier element, namely in this example, the transmitter 22 attached. At the other end of the final profile is the mirror image arrangement, in which case at the free end of the third member 112 the recipient 23 is attached.

In a further embodiment, not shown, is on the third member 112 , approximately in the area of the fourth joint 117 instead of a rigid extension of the third link 112 a rod hinged articulated at the free end then the light barrier element 22 respectively. 23 is attached. This rod can always be held in a vertical position by gravity. However, the embodiment with a rigid third member is preferred 112 , As a result, a more accurate arrangement of the respective light barrier element is ensured in the operating position.

To a predetermined torsional stiffness of the interconnected links 110 . 111 . 112 or in the area of storage of the first or second member 110 . 111 To effect, provided with appropriate stiffness torsion springs can be used.

With this embodiment of the four-bar chain 106 will allow that the transmitter 22 carrying rod 112 . 119 in the in the 3 to 5 shown positions is oriented almost vertically and so through the opening 124 in the bottom of the end element 100 , the closing edge 12 forms into the cavity 101 of the graduation profile 102 retractable and out of the cavity 101 is extendable. In the embodiment shown, the height of the cavity is 101 about 70 mm. The limbs 110 . 111 . 112 may be formed, for example, of stainless steel.

In the area of the second end 14 (please refer 1 ) is the same construction in a mirror-inverted arrangement, wherein the rod 119 a receiver 23 wearing.

The in the 2 to 4 embodiment shown allows a smooth entry and exit of the light barrier 150 , The transition from the rest position to the operating position is effected by the gravity of the holder and / or by a spring. As a result of the four-bar chain construction, the third member remains almost completely in a vertically aligned position during its position change or the movement process of the door leaf. The photocell is protected in the rest position from external environmental influences and from damage. The above-described four-bar chain can be used for one or more light barrier; Further, (not shown) - for example elastic - locking elements may be present to the holder or individual elements thereof in its functional position ( 2 - Extended state) to lock.

• – Die x-Komponente auf der Skala rechts;
• – Die y-Komponente auf der Skala links;
• – Sowie die Verdrehung des dritten Glieds 112 in Winkelgrad.

The movement of the holder 104 results from the in 5 represented graphs. The graph represents two motion parameters of the attachment point of the light barrier element at the end of the third link 112 and a movement parameter of the third limb 112 forming staff, namely:

• - The x-component on the scale on the right;
• - The y component on the left scale;
• - As well as the twisting of the third link 112 in angular degrees.

It can be seen from the graph that the attachment point of the light barrier element only changes by about 0.02 mm during the entire lifting and lowering movement with a vertical stroke of 60 mm. During the entire movement, only one twist of the rod results by less than 5 angles. So you have almost a sliding movement as in a displacement guide, but this with the ease of rotation joints in an extremely flat structure.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

gate

2

side profile

3

side profile

4

Upper profile

5

graduation

10

door leaf

12

closing edge

13

first end

14

second end

15

margin

16

margin

20

photocell

21

beam of light

22

transmitter

23

receiver

100

termination element

101

cavity

102

End profile

104

bracket

106

Four-bar chain

110

first link

111

second link

112

third member

114

first joint

115

second joint

116

third joint

117

fourth joint

119

Extension of the third link

122

first rod-shaped subelement

123

second rod-shaped subelement

124

opening

128

ground

130

Gate (roller shutter)

A

distance

Claims (12)

Photocell, in particular for a gate ( 1 ), with a transmitter ( 22 ), a recipient ( 23 ) and with a holder by means of which the transmitter ( 22 ) and / or the recipient ( 23 ) movable in the region of a closing edge ( 12 ) Can be fastened, characterized in that the holder has a four-bar chain. Photocell according to claim 1, characterized in that the four-bar chain in one the closing edge ( 12 ) forming or having a final element ( 100 ) is accommodated. Photocell according to claim 2, characterized in that the terminating element ( 100 ) a cavity ( 101 ) ( 102 ). Photocell according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the four-bar linkage comprises a first link ( 110 ) and second member ( 111 ), each link ( 110 . 111 ) is articulated at one end and with the closing edge ( 12 ) and that the four-link chain further comprises a third link ( 112 ), by means of which the first member ( 110 ) and the second member ( 111 ) are hinged together. Photocell according to claim 4, characterized in that the first member ( 110 ) and / or the second member ( 111 ) is angular, in particular L-shaped, is formed. Photocell according to claim 4, characterized in that on the third member ( 112 ) the transmitter ( 22 ), the recipient ( 23 ) and / or a reflector is attached. Closing element for a gate with a light barrier according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a cavity ( 101 ) is provided and by means of a holder which has a four-bar chain, a transmitter ( 22 ) or a recipient ( 23 ) or a reflector in the region of a closing edge ( 12 ) of the gate ( 1 ) and in the cavity ( 101 ) is retractable. Gate, in particular a high-speed door, with a door leaf ( 10 ), which has a closing edge ( 12 ) and which is movable by means of a drive within a travel path, characterized by at least one at a distance (A) from the closing edge ( 12 ) formed light barrier according to one of claims 1 to 9. Door according to claim 8, characterized in that the distance (A) between the light barrier ( 20 ) and the closing edge ( 12 ) is changeable. Door according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the light barrier ( 20 ) with the door leaf ( 10 ) is arranged mitbewegend. Gate according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the light barrier ( 20 ) relative to the door leaf ( 10 ) is movable. Gate according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the light barrier ( 20 ) by the drive for the door leaf ( 10 ) is movable.

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