DE102005061498B4 - Device for displacing a first component relative to a second component - Google Patents

Abstract

Device (1) for displacing a first component (2), namely a bearing, relative to a second component (3), namely a shaft, wherein the device (1) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (4) with a pressure chamber (5) and a in the pressure chamber (5) at least partially protruding piston (6), wherein the pressure chamber (5) of the cylinder (4) for displacement with hydraulic oil (7) can be acted upon and wherein the piston (6) or the cylinder (4) directly or indirectly with the bearing (2) and the cylinder (4) or the piston (6) directly or indirectly with the shaft (3) can be releasably connected, characterized in that an ultrasonic exciter (8) on or in the cylinder (4 ) is arranged, which can initiate ultrasound in the pressure chamber (5).

Description

The Invention relates to a device for displacing a first component, namely a bearing, relative to a second component, namely a shaft, the device comprising a hydraulic cylinder with a pressure space and comprises a piston projecting at least partially into the pressure chamber, wherein the pressure chamber of the cylinder acts on the displacement with hydraulic oil can be and the piston or cylinder directly or indirectly with the bearing and cylinder or piston directly or indirectly detachable with the shaft can be connected.

A device of the generic type is known from DE 695 29 731 T2 known. This publication describes a method of mounting a hollow object with a conical opening on a conical shaft by means of a hydraulic nut having an annular piston movable in the axial direction by hydraulic oil. The piston abuts the hollow object during the assembly process.

such Devices are used in particular in warehouse construction, if z. B. bearing rings must be mounted with a press fit on a shaft. By applying Sufficient hydraulic pressure can generate large axial displacement forces become.

The DE 81 06 559 U1 discloses a device for pressing bushings, in which the bearing bush bearing thrust piece is hydraulically pressed into the bearing bore. The solution shown there has a flutter valve with which hydraulic pressure surges can be generated to facilitate the assembly process.

From the DE 81 06 559 U1 is a device for pressing bushings by means of a hydraulically actuated pressure piece known. There it is provided that the pressure piece is attached to the piston rod of a displaceably mounted in a cylinder of a housing and hydraulically actuated piston and the housing a handle with a pneumatically actuated flutter valve. This is to create a press-in device that is simple in design and handling.

The DE 34 43 180 A1 discloses a tool, such as a screwdriver or an open-end wrench, which is intended to vibrate the tool to assist in the tooling function.

Especially in wind turbines need often size Stock withdrawn from correspondingly sized shafts or on these are mounted. Therefor are significant axial displacement forces with an aforementioned Device to produce, as a rule, a press fit between Bearing ring and shaft is provided.

It has turned out to be problematic that occasionally unusual high axial displacement forces are required to release a bearing ring from a shaft. This is due to fretting corrosion, the can form in the joint between bearing ring and shaft.

Of the Use of the known devices for relative displacement the two parts (bearing ring and shaft) does not lead to a satisfactory Result, even if the previously known hydraulic flutter valves be used. The required assembly or dismantling forces Especially in the case of wind turbines are so large that unusual size Devices needed which are corresponding disadvantages of logistical and costly nature Has.

Of the Invention is therefore based on the object, a device of at the beginning, so that it becomes possible to with lower hydraulic pressures or lower displacement forces also stuck and possibly affected by fretting corrosion Move components relative to each other. This should be especially possible with wind turbines be smaller assembly or disassembly devices used to bring logistical and cost advantages.

The solution this object by the invention is characterized in that an ultrasonic exciter is disposed on the cylinder of the device is that can initiate ultrasound in the pressure chamber.

It It has been found that it is possible, especially in case of infestation the gap between the two to be assembled or disassembled Components with fretting corrosion with this measure to achieve the assembly or disassembly process with significantly lower assembly or disassembly forces. The needed Moving device can therefore be made significantly smaller, what in solution the above task the desired Creates benefits.

there Ultrasonic sources are used, as in manifold Way known and available are. In most cases, according to the invention with an ultrasonic excitation worked in a frequency range between about 20 kHz and 100 kHz.

A The first development of the invention provides that the ultrasound exciter on an outer peripheral surface of the Cylinder is arranged and the ultrasound by means of a connecting hole from Ultrasound exciter is passed to or into the pressure chamber. there can be between the end of the connecting hole and the pressure chamber a membrane can be arranged, the connecting hole against the Pressure chamber seals, but the transmission of ultrasound.

Of the Ultrasonic exciters can be screwed or glued to the cylinder be.

A Embodiment provides that the ultrasound exciter at least a piezoelectric element; are particularly preferred two push-pull oscillating piezoelectric plates provided between which a voltage supply electrode is arranged.

Especially the cylinder is preferred as a hydraulic nut which can be screwed onto a component educated. In this case, the piston is advantageously designed as an annular piston.

As already mentioned above, the first component is a bearing, in particular a roller bearing; the second component is a shaft. The camp can with one of his Press fit rings on the shaft.

The preferred application of the proposed device are bearings and waves of wind turbines.

Of the Invention proposal is preferably used when a camp association on the shaft of a wind turbine must be braced on block. This can according to the invention with a lot lower hydraulic pressures as previously done.

In the drawing is an embodiment of Invention shown. The single figure shows schematically in radial section the arranged on a shaft bearing a wind turbine, the is displaced axially with a displacement device on the shaft.

The figure shows a first component 2 in the form of a rolling bearing, on a second component 3 in the form of a shaft of a wind turbine is to be moved axially. For this purpose, a device 1 used.

The device 1 has a hydraulic cylinder 4 on, which is designed as a hydraulic nut. Ie. the cylinder 4 can by means of a thread 12 on the wave 3 be screwed on. In the cylinder 4 is a ringnutartiger pressure chamber 5 incorporated, in a piston designed as an annular piston 6 is used.

Is via a supply line 13 hydraulic oil 7 (From a source, not shown) the pressure chamber 5 fed, the piston moves 6 axially (in the embodiment to the left). The generated hydraulic force of the piston 6 acts on one before mounting the cylinder 4 attached sleeve 14 that the bearing inner ring 15 relative to the wave 3 axially (to the left) shifts.

For this to be done with relatively little force, and consequently with relatively little hydraulic pressure, is at the outer surrounding area 9 of the cylinder 4 a threaded hole 16 incorporated into which an ultrasound exciter 8th is screwed. The threaded hole 16 sits down as a connection hole 10 in the cylinder 4 continues and adjoins the pressure room 5 of the cylinder 4 at. There, a pressure-tight membrane is arranged, the ultrasound generated by the ultrasound exciter on or in the pressure chamber 5 transfers.

Will after mounting the device 1 on the out of stock 2 and wave 3 existing arrangement of hydraulic oil 7 under pressure in the pressure chamber 5 abandoned and at the same time the ultrasound 8th activated by applying an electrical voltage, high-frequency pressure surges on the piston 6 transferred, these pressure surges on the sleeve 14 on the bearing ring 15 reach. Under the influence of the high-frequency axial pressure surges, the (fitting) rust spots between the bearing ring are released 15 and shaft, allowing axial displacement of the bearing ring 15 relative to the wave 3 with relatively low hydraulic force, ie I can do relatively low hydraulic pressure.

With this procedure, it is not only possible, the required device 1 to move much smaller, which has particular advantages in terms of cost and logistics. Since preferably the concept of the invention is used in wind power plants, where sometimes complex assembly or disassembly work is to be carried out at high altitude, this proves to be very advantageous.

One Rather, it is also an advantage that the assembly or dismantling forces much smaller than conventional ones solutions are. This also achieves much lower component loads, as this is the case when using prior art devices.

The one or more required ultrasound exciters 8th are well known and available in the art. In most cases, piezoelectric elements are used, which after applying an electrical Voltage using appropriate electronics stimulate a vibration, which is usually in the frequency range between 20 kHz and 100 kHz; it is also possible to use higher frequencies.

The required ultrasound power is expertly selected, ie the size of the ultrasound exciter 8th is chosen according to the concrete needs.

1

contraption to move

2

first Component (bearing)

3

second Component (shaft)

4

hydraulic cylinder

5

pressure chamber

6

piston

7

hydraulic oil

8th

ultrasonic driver

9

outer surrounding area of the cylinder

10

connecting bore

11

membrane

12

thread

13

feed pipe

14

shell

15

Bearing inner ring

16

threaded hole

Claims (13)

Contraption ( 1 ) for moving a first component ( 2 ), namely a bearing, relative to a second component ( 3 ), namely a shaft, wherein the device ( 1 ) a hydraulic cylinder ( 4 ) with a pressure chamber ( 5 ) and one in the pressure room ( 5 ) at least partially protruding piston ( 6 ), wherein the pressure chamber ( 5 ) of the cylinder ( 4 ) for displacement with hydraulic oil ( 7 ) and wherein the piston ( 6 ) or the cylinder ( 4 ) directly or indirectly with the warehouse ( 2 ) and the cylinder ( 4 ) or the piston ( 6 ) directly or indirectly with the shaft ( 3 ) can be releasably connected, characterized in that an ultrasonic exciter ( 8th ) on or in the cylinder ( 4 ) is arranged, the ultrasound in the pressure chamber ( 5 ) can initiate. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the ultrasound exciter ( 8th ) on an outer surrounding area ( 9 ) of the cylinder ( 4 ) is arranged and the ultrasound by means of a connecting hole ( 10 ) from the ultrasound exciter ( 8th ) on or in the pressure chamber ( 5 ). Device according to claim 2, characterized in that between the end of the connecting bore ( 10 ) and the pressure chamber ( 5 ) a membrane ( 11 ) is arranged. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ultrasound exciter ( 8th ) on the cylinder ( 4 ) is screwed. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ultrasound exciter ( 8th ) on the cylinder ( 4 ) is glued. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ultrasound exciter ( 8th ) has at least one piezoelectric element. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the ultrasound exciter ( 8th ) has two push-pull oscillating piezoelectric plates. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that that a voltage supply electrode is arranged between the two piezoelectric plates is. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the cylinder ( 4 ) as a component ( 2 . 3 ) screwed hydraulic nut is formed. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the piston ( 6 ) is designed as an annular piston. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the bearing ( 2 ) is a rolling bearing. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the bearing ( 2 ) with one of its rings with a press fit on the shaft ( 3 ) sits. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the bearing ( 2 ) and the wave ( 4 ) Are components of a wind turbine.