DE102005002649A1 - Manufacturing rolls or slabs of mineral fiber insulation, passes laid mineral fiber into stretching station at right angles to conveying direction, before entry into hardening oven - Google Patents

Abstract

The laid mineral fiber (2) enters a processing station (21) which is preferably orientated at right angles to this direction. Here it is stretched before entering the hardening oven. The speed of the web is varied in one or more stations, to achieve extension or compression. This takes place immediately after the fiber treatment unit. Stretching optionally precedes laying in a zig-zag formation, by reciprocating machinery. Higher tensile stressing is exerted on the web, locally. Sensors measure applied tensions. 5%-12% stretching is preferably applied. Further variations of the formation process are described. The binder is sprayed in, as an aerosol. Pressure is applied along a line at right angles to the conveying direction. Finishing roller treatments are detailed. An independent claim is included for corresponding equipment.

Description

The The invention relates to a process for the production of web or disc-shaped insulation materials of mineral fibers, preferably bound with binders Rock wool, in which a silicate melt in a smelting unit produced and in particular to a defibrating device microfine mineral fibers is fiberized, then the Mineral fibers, preferably with the addition of a binding and / or Impregnating agent, on a conveyor be deposited as a mineral fiber web, the mineral fiber web then shaping edited and finally a curing oven supplied becomes. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for manufacturing of sheet or plate-shaped insulation materials of mineral fibers, preferably bound with binders Rockwool, with a smelting aggregate, a shredding device, a conveyor and a curing oven, wherein a silicate melt is produced in the smelting unit especially microfine in the fiberizer Mineral fibers is shredded, the mineral fibers then, preferably under addition a binding and / or impregnating agent, on the conveyor be deposited as a mineral fiber web, then the mineral fiber web shaping and finally a curing oven is supplied. After all the invention relates to an insulating element, in particular a windable mineral fiber web, consisting of at least mineral fibers bound with binders, preferably rockwool and an insulating element, in particular a primary nonwoven, consisting of mineral fibers bound at least with binding agents, preferably made of rock wool, with two large surfaces and at right angles to it aligned side surfaces, wherein the mineral fibers have a course substantially parallel to the big one surfaces exhibit.

Out The prior art are insulating materials Mineral fibers known. There are particularly insulating glass wool and Rock wool distinguished. Both insulating materials made of glass wool, as well insulation materials made of rock wool consist of vitreous solidified mineral fibers, the for the connection usually organic binders and for hydrophobing and dust binding preferably mineral oils.

The glassy solidified mineral fibers of stone wool insulation materials formed from silicate melts and are relatively short. The used melts contain large amounts of alkaline earths. The viscosity such a melt is therefore of the temperature of the melt dependent, where the viscosity increases steeply with increasing temperature of the melt. Farther the melt is extraordinary germination-friendly and then crystallizes out very quickly. Of the Forming area is thus very narrow.

The mineral fibers are usually on so-called, for example in WO 01/23314 A1 or the EP 0 825 966 A1 cascade fiberizing machines described manufactured. Furthermore, unicycle fiberizing machines are known from the state of the art, but these are now regarded as completely uneconomical. Furthermore, a nozzle-blow process is known, in which the melt from several nozzles runs out below a bottom of the melting tank and is subsequently blown to mineral fibers.

The as particularly powerful applicable cascade fiberizing machines have a wide load range on and are usually equipped with four cylindrical hollow bodies, the offset are arranged one below the other. The cylindrical hollow bodies rotate around its horizontally aligned axis with high, from step to step increasing peripheral speeds, the direction of rotation of hollow body to hollow body replaced.

In a non-treated with the melt peripheral region of the lower three, as predominantly fiber-forming considered cylindrical hollow body Nozzles arranged, from which air at speeds of about 30 to about 170 m / s, preferably flows out about 70 to 120 m / s. The main flow direction can parallel to the drive axis of the cylindrical hollow body or be aligned at a different angle to this. The silicate melt is passed to the first cylindrical hollow body, which should have only one distribution function, so that a narrow beam the melt is transformed into a wide band and this band on the next forwarded roller-shaped hollow body becomes. With a large mass inflow However, the melt is still required that the first cylindrical hollow body is driven with a high turnover, so that it already in the Area of the first (upper) cylindrical hollow body one, albeit unwanted Formation of mineral fibers comes.

From the impinging on the cylindrical hollow body melt dissolve under the action of centrifugal forces parts that are either pulled out to mineral fibers or form unwanted spherical body for the production of insulating materials from mineral fibers. These bodies are transported by the strongly swirling air flowing tangentially over the cylindrical hollow bodies into a collection chamber adjoining the cascade fiberizing machine. The For a short time, deformable mineral fibers are twisted or twisted. The production of long and smooth fibers is not possible under these flow conditions and because of the already very short processing range of the melt.

As already mentioned above, The mineral fibers are bound with binder around a mineral fiber web to build. The binder dissolved in water becomes common through the hollow axis of the cylindrical hollow body and / or by on its peripheral surface arranged nozzles sprayed into the mass of mineral fibers. Here, the cross Mineral fibers the spray area. The binder is usually from a mixture of thermosetting phenol, formaldehyde, Urea resins whose monomers are present in water-soluble form. The The water contained in the binder evaporates explosively, so that the binder in the finest droplets is dispersed. At the same time the environment becomes the necessary Evaporated evaporation energy, so that both the mineral fibers formed as well as the spherical bodies like that cool down quickly, that they glaze glassy.

With The water is used in the process of producing mineral fibers for the insulation production also for the hydrophobization of mineral fibers or the resulting Mineral fiber web and used for dust binding high-boiling mineral oil fed and dispersed in the same manner as the binder, wherein the Resulting water vapor prevents combustion.

The The amounts of binder used are otherwise very low; their shares in the different insulation materials of rock wool amount to only about 1 to about 4.5% by mass. This low However, quantities are not sufficient to at least all mineral fibers punctual to connect with each other. On the other hand, the binder contents also not significantly increased to the character as non-combustible and at the same time to obtain elastic-resilient insulating materials. The anyway to small quantities must thus possible evenly in the mineral fiber mass and the mineral fiber web formed therefrom.

In The mineral fiber mass is 0.1 to about 0.3, but usually about 0.2 Mass% hydrophobing provided. Which are on the surfaces of mineral fibers have forming films of binders and / or water repellents Layer thicknesses in the nanometer range, what the intended effect completely is sufficient.

In the one closed drive, largely flowed around from all sides cascade fiberizing machine produces strong air swirls, the flow rates vary significantly in the field of fiberizing. The educated Mineral fibers are not evenly distributed by these air swirls conveyed into the collection chamber, evenly with the binder droplets or aerosols wetted. The stronger with the unhardened tacky Impregnated binders Mineral fibers form agglomerations within a few milliseconds, the curved ones Forms of short mineral fibers the formation and cohesion of agglomerations. These agglomerations can become also mineral fibers with little or no binder attachments attach. The agglomerations are limited in size, the agglomerations when crossing a maximum sizes fall apart and transported as flakes in the air stream. The flakes point both in themselves and with each other different binder proportions on, including flakes without binder or flakes with already by an insufficient cooling reacted and consequently non-sticky binder proportions arise can. These are preferred in the areas of most make aerodynamically unfavorable shaped collection chamber in which the flow rate is very strong drops or in which even backward airflows occur.

The Flakes and the singular coarser non-fibrous Particles are arranged in the direction of one at the end of the collection chamber air-permeable Conveyor sucked. The conveyor can as at least one air-permeable conveyor belt and / or a breathable coat be formed rotating drum. The required Transport air is at a mean speed of about 3 up to 7 m / s through the air-permeable conveyor belt or the air-permeable Coat the rotating drum and through one on the conveyor belt or the coat deposited, called primary web mineral fiber web sucked.

By the nature of the flow guidance and the arrangement of the collecting conveyors), an air classification takes place between the cascade fiberizing machine and the conveyor whereby the coarser non-fibrous particles fall down and are precipitated while the mineral fibers are deposited on the conveyor. The degree of separation of the non-fibrous particles depends on the mean aerodynamic diameters of the flakes. As a rule, most of the non-fibrous particles having a diameter and / or a length> about 0.25 mm can be separated, so that no more than about 30% non-fibrous particles with smaller diameters remain in the mineral fiber mass. In this way, larger mineral fibers and ent pronounced heavy mineral fiber bead agglomerations deposited.

The under the effect of flowing Air formed in flight flakes are significantly longer in the flow direction than transverse to the flow direction. Also The individual mineral fibers are predominantly in the direction of shaping main flow direction oriented. This strong orientation does not apply to the same extent for flakes from binder-free mineral fibers. These because of their lower Weight and its veil-like shape often at a slower speed in the upper part of the mass flow of mineral fibers moving agglomerations are therefore also preferred on the top of the primary web stored.

In the deposited primary fleece stay the original ones Orientations of the flakes largely preserved. This also applies to the case that two or three shredding devices on a collection chamber are switched.

In order to prevent premature curing of the binder in the collection chamber or by the residual heat of mineral fibers or non-fibrous constituents and to achieve a substantially uniform insulation structure despite the use of minimized amounts of cooling water, the primary nonwovens according to WO 01/23314 A1 with the lowest possible basis weights of approx 100 to 750 g / m ² , often withdrawn at 200 to 350 g / m ² . The density of this primary web varies between about 5 and about 12 kg / m ³ . Because of the unstable flow conditions in the collection chamber, these primary nonwovens often do not form self-contained mineral fiber webs.

For the production of insulating materials with commercially available material thicknesses, the thin primary non-woven fabric is deposited by means of a collecting device downstream of the shuttle transversely to the original conveying direction meandering on a downstream, slow-moving conveyor. Single layer of the deposited primary web are thereby offset one above the other, stored and form a secondary nonwoven called endless mineral fiber web. To produce a 100 mm thick insulating material with a density of 20 kg / m ³ , already about six primary nonwoven layers of 350 g / m ² each have to be laid one on top of the other.

The fast pendulum movements of the pendulum devices and the required Lead deflections to tensile stresses in the primary web, which because of the orientation of the flakes, or the mineral fibers in the conveying direction is significantly stronger than transverse to the conveying direction. The primary fleece becomes further slightly compressed as it passes through the shuttle. Another increase in the Raw density occurs by superimposing the primary nonwovens on the conveyor one.

In the side view of the fiber web, the interfaces of the Primary nonwoven webs clearly off. Along these interfaces she can easily be separated again. This will u. a. facilitated by that the fibers in the interfaces the primary nonwovens compressed and stored flat, little or no binders are more present or still reactive. In particular, the unbound Fibers are real dividing surfaces.

From this result in the primary fleece weakened Areas with a reduced transverse tensile strength at right angles to the big one surfaces the mineral fiber web or the insulating materials produced therefrom. These weakened Areas affect equally Negative when rolling compressible Dämmfilze, since forming in these interfaces Areas regularly cracks occur. The orientation of the mineral fibers in the stacked, the secondary web forming primary nonwoven layers leads the insulation produced from it to a tensile strength transverse to the production direction, the clear is higher, as the tensile strength in the direction of production.

wound up Dämmfilze Made of rock wool with production equipment, the collection chambers with significantly increased Production widths of about 3 to about 4 m have. Achieve that the primary nonwovens produced with these collection chambers already have widths that the usual Production lengths of this windable insulating felt match, so the tendency to form cracks in the most deflected and high density areas of a wound insulation felt is reduced. Such collection chambers are transverse to the main production direction placed to the primary fleece directly into the shuttle to lead to be able to.

In the described and operated in the prior art production facilities are the melting unit and the collection chamber in the production direction aligned. Due to this orientation, a deflection of approx. 2 to about 2.5 m wide primary web required before the primary fleece are stored on a conveyor transversely to the direction of production can. At this deflection by 90 ° is the primary fleece on the one hand parallel to its longitudinal axis stretched and on the other hand compressed. This compression is mostly compensated by unfolding.

The method described above has proven to be advantageous in a direct collection of mineral fibers. In this process The mineral fibers are stored in the collection chamber on top of each other. This considerably larger amounts of cooling water are required to preclude premature solidification of the binder. Due to these amounts of cooling water, the binder losses increase. The remaining amounts of cooling water must be removed with appropriate energy use in a downstream hardening furnace. Furthermore, the unequal distribution of mineral fibers over the surface and in the height of the mineral fiber web can not be corrected, which adversely affects the quality of the insulation materials produced.

at the production of insulation materials made of glass wool are impregnated with binders and water repellents Mineral fibers directly below the fiberizing machine or a after that arranged chute collected on a conveyor. Because of the low specific power of the shredding machine However, the collected mineral fiber web is formed relatively thin. The for an economical production process required quantities of mineral fibers are therefore due to the juxtaposition of several shredding machines reached. In this case, every produced mineral fiber web is sufficient chilled before the next Mineral fiber web is placed as another layer over it.

at the production of lightweight insulation boards and Dämmfilze The endless mineral fiber web is essentially at the desired delivery thickness and in addition in the conveying direction compressed. A much more intense compression in the conveying direction as weakened in to the big ones surfaces right-angle direction is in the production of insulation boards required, despite low density a certain compressive strength should have.

The Compressions of the endless mineral fiber web in the conveying direction and in the huge surfaces orthogonal direction takes place with the help of, for example, dimensionally stable Rollers, rollers, belts out Rubber, sheet steel or the like used in compression devices are installed. These compression devices can be used in their relative placement to the surfaces of the endless mineral fiber web be varied. Often The mineral fiber web is conveyed on a horizontally oriented device, while the about that arranged compression device a corresponding angle of attack having. The compression device can in the range of both large surfaces of Mineral fiber web a uniform reduction effect the speed. But the compression devices can be divided into successive segments, the for example, be operated at graduated speeds.

While in the above-described Verfahrung the mineral fiber web is compressed over its entire width, describes the DE 198 60 040 A1 a device with which over the width of the mineral fiber web differently high compressions can be executed offset in time. The compression channel used here in practice has a height of less than 40 mm, in particular less than 25 mm, to produce a cardboard-like thin and thus highly compressed insulation board. For insulation boards with larger material thicknesses, the transmittable shear forces are insufficient to produce the desired structure over the entire material thickness of the mineral fiber web.

Highly resilient insulating panels for the insulation of flat inclined roof surfaces must be walkable and, for example, withstand the pressure of gravel, substrate and water layers or snow loads. In order to achieve the necessary initial compressive stresses in the order of 60 to about 75 kPa at 10% compression, the bulk density of the insulating panels must be about 180 to about 200 kg / m ³ , wherein the binder contents are raised. However, this possibility is narrowly limited, since excessive contents of organic constituents endanger the classification of the insulating material as nonflammable.

Since the laying of these insulation boards done by hand, economically produced large-format plates with these densities are far too heavy to lay them without overloading the craftsmen can. To reduce the weight of the insulating panels and at the same time to improve the economy, the mineral fibers of the impregnated endless mineral fiber web by compression in the conveying or longitudinal direction of about 2: 1 to about 4: 1 and by a compression perpendicular to the large surfaces of the mineral fiber web from about 1: 1 to about 2: 1 brought into a steep position relative to the large surfaces and thereby intensively folded together. In this case, main folds are formed whose flanks are themselves folded. The bulk density of such a mineral fiber web separated insulation boards with folding structure can be lowered to a value of <150 kg / m ³ and with increasing thickness to a value of about 130 kg / m ³ . This results in addition to the reduction of the insulation board produced from the mineral fiber board weight saving also considerable economic benefits, since the Dämmstoffplat th can be made with larger formats and processed. The economic benefits are therefore not only on the side of the manufacturer, but especially on the side of the commercial user.

By the folding of the mineral fiber web fold axes are formed, which are transverse to the up folding and conveying direction and thus parallel to the main orientation of the individual mineral fibers. This intensively folded insulation boards thus have in the direction transverse to the unfolding and conveying direction about three times as high bending strength, as in the folding or conveying direction.

Next the above-mentioned insulating elements For example, lamellae are known in the art. Slats are sections of mineral fiber webs, whose cut surface form the large surfaces, so that the mineral fibers are aligned in the slats at right angles to the large surfaces. Several Slats can arranged side by side and connected to each other. The slats have only a small cross connections. Slats have one high tensile strength at right angles to the large surfaces.

By the intense upsets and the consequent ups and downs become the primary nonwoven layers on thicknesses of approx. 1 - approx. 3 mm. preferably compressed about 2 mm and form thin fins. This formation of lamellae is due to the relatively high internal cohesion favored the binder concentrations. At interfaces of the Slats remain low-binder to binder-free mineral fibers. Because of the strong relative movements of the interfaces in the unfolding and the thereby occurring reorientation of only about 6 to 8 microns thick and very short individual mineral fibers parallel to the interfaces anyway no or only a few cross connections between the slats built up.

By the unidirectional folds are formed in the mineral fiber web Areas between the folds in which the mineral fibers in the essentially rolled and thereby significantly less compressed as the coarse and finely folded slats. For mineral fiber webs with medium and low densities are these phenomena pronounced as at higher compacted mineral fiber tracks. These areas contribute little the mechanical strength of the entire structure.

The pronounced directional dependence of the mechanical properties of the mineral fiber web and thus the insulating material webs and insulation boards produced therefrom is exploited, for example, to produce insulation boards with particularly high transverse tensile strengths at right angles to the large surfaces. For this purpose, the endless mineral fiber web is unfolded, for example, in the conveying direction in the range from about 1.7: 1 to about 2.7: 1 and in the height between about 1.7: 1 to about 2.2: 1 by compression so that the cured insulation panels have densities of about 75 to about 110 kg / m ³ .

slats are made of mineral fiber web, which has a maximum height of Time approximately 200 mm, whereby the maximum height by the construction of the is determined for solidification of the binder used hardening furnaces. From this mineral fiber web be in folding or conveying direction Slices in the desired Insulation thickness cut off. These slats are 1 m or 1.2 m long and 0.2 m wide. In these Slats are the flakes of the primary fleece and thus predominantly the forming these individual mineral fibers predominantly rectangular or very steep to the cut surfaces geared to the big ones surfaces represent the slats. The slats show the orientation the mineral fibers very high compressive strengths and relative to it yet higher transverse tensile strengths on why the bulk density of the mineral fiber web for manufacturing can be reduced by fins. Thus, the relatively high thermal conductivity the insulation boards maintained while reducing manufacturing costs.

slats are assembled into lamella plates and, for example, as Plaster carrier plates in Thermal insulation composite systems used or glued on both sides with sheets to the supporting and at the same time insulating Core of so-called sandwich elements for wall or roof structures to build.

A details Contemplation of the cut surfaces shows, that the structure of the lamellae is characterized by strong inhomogeneities, so that only a part of the two large surfaces can be used for power transmission.

It is known, the inhomogeneities, in particular not or only weakly bound mineral fibers at least to remove to a certain depth by brushing and vacuuming, around outer areas to achieve the tensile and pressure-resistant slats. This way you can the contact surface be significantly increased between an adhesive or plaster and the lamella.

outgoing From this prior art, the invention is based on the object a method and an apparatus for producing web or web disc-shaped insulation materials from mineral fibers, preferably from mineral wool bound with binders to switch with or with the sheet-like or plate-shaped insulating materials can be produced in which the enriched with binders Mineral fibers more distributed in the force-transmitting surfaces are and where abrupt change between fixed and less fixed Areas are avoided.

The solution This task looks at a generic method before that the mineral fiber web before feeding to the curing oven in a first processing station in the longitudinal direction or conveying direction and / or one of the longitudinal direction or promotion direction deviating, preferably at right angles to the longitudinal direction or conveying direction extending direction is stretched. In a device according to the invention is to solve the Task provided that between the fiberization device and the hardening furnace a first processing station is arranged, in which the mineral fiber web longitudinal or conveying direction and / or one of the longitudinal direction or promotion direction deviating, preferably at right angles to the longitudinal direction or conveying direction extending direction is stretched.

Of the The essential idea of the invention is therefore that the mineral fibers to be collected directly to a mineral fiber web and, if necessary impregnated with binding and other additives mineral fiber web before an optionally further deformation and a subsequent fixation the resulting structures in a hardening furnace in longitudinal production and accordingly in the longitudinal direction or conveying direction stretched becomes. The Mineralfa serbahn may be formed as a primary nonwoven layer or several on top of each other arranged primary nonwoven layers exhibit.

at from one or more primary nonwoven layers and built up across the actual production direction mineral fiber webs become the longitudinal direction of the primary fleece aligned flakes with their different closely spaced and also different firmly bonded together mineral fibers by lateral forces pulled apart. This will increase the concentration of the binders diminished and their strength-increasing effect on larger volume units distributed within the mineral fiber web. That in turn causes a Increase of mechanical strength values. In this transformation The flakes are also the flat Formations of weakly bound and unbound mineral fibers recorded, so that the separation effects caused by these entities clearly attenuated become.

at a sufficiently large one Elongation transverse to the longitudinal direction or conveying direction Also, the orientation of the mineral fibers is clearly in the pulling direction changed and thus the strength values of the mineral fiber web parallel to Pulling direction in the produced from the mineral fiber insulation material, for example insulation tracks or insulation boards or other molded parts increased. The raised Strength values of the insulating materials affect the strength of, for example, thermal insulation composite systems or allow a reduction in the use of material in the form a reduction in the gross density of the insulating materials used. This results significant economic benefits on the part of the manufacturer of such insulation materials and on the part of the processors of such insulating materials.

at the directly collected Mineralfaserbahnen or from several directly collected, primary nonwoven layers forming mineral fiber webs, the stretching affects accordingly out.

at a development of the method according to the invention is provided, that the mineral fiber web upstream in one of the first processing station second processing station in the longitudinal direction or conveying direction is compressed. This compression causes the bulk density of the mineral fiber web elevated and improves the binding of mineral fibers, so that in the subsequent Extending the mineral fiber web tends to form cracks is reduced in the mineral fiber web.

Preferably the stretching and / or the compression of the mineral fiber web takes place through one opposite the conveying speed the mineral fiber web in the processing stations increased or reduced conveying speed. The stretching as well as the compression can me the existing Plants running become. In particular, however, this development offers the advantage that both the stretching and the elongation in a simple manner on the mineral fiber web can be adjusted by the conveying speeds in individual sections of the production plant is varied.

To Another feature of the invention is that the stretch and / or compression of the mineral fiber web immediately after the fiberization device carried out becomes. In this area, the binder has an even higher adhesiveness on, making a change the structures in the mineral fiber web is easily possible, without already associated with more or less cured binder Mineral fibers or agglomerations of mineral fibers under the risk must be separated from cracking.

Preferably The mineral fiber web is connected to the fiberizing device as primary fleece a swinging conveyor supplied in which the primary fleece is stretched before the primary fleece as secondary fleece on one of the swinging conveyor downstream conveyor meandering is filed. This development of the invention provides the application of the inventive concept in the production of insulation materials from mineral fibers formed from several primary nonwoven layers.

According to a further feature of the invention It is envisaged that the mineral fiber web is stretched in partial areas of their large surfaces by the transmission of different levels of tensile forces in order to transmit different high tensile forces across the width of the mineral fiber web. For this purpose, force-transmitting devices, such as belts, rollers, rollers or wheels may be provided, which act only on certain, distributed over the width of the endless mineral fiber web arranged areas and are arranged for example above and / or below the center of the mineral fiber web or offset from each other.

The The above-mentioned facilities are in the first processing station arranged in which the endless mineral fiber web is fed. At least the first processing station consists of at least one upper one and at least one lower band, between which the mineral fiber web becomes so far is trapped that the bands sufficient tensile forces on the big ones surfaces transferred the mineral fiber web can. Instead or in addition the bands can smooth, ribbed or toothed rollers may be provided. The upper and / or the lower bands and / or sets of rolls can be used in relating to the orientation of the mineral fiber web obliquely to the horizontal plane or to the big ones surfaces the mineral fiber web be arranged.

The first processing station preferably has pressure sensors, so that for the extension of the mineral fiber web required and transferred Traction over These pressure sensors are measured to be at least one unwanted one Tear apart prevent the mineral fiber web at desired large dilations.

With Help of the first processing station becomes the endless mineral fiber web according to one further feature of the invention continuously by about 5 to about 20%, preferably 5 to 12%, based on their initial length stretched and, for example, behind the first processing station on a immediately following pass second conveyor.

Provided the first processing station immediately following a storage station or a pendulum device for as the primary nonwoven layer trained mineral fiber web is arranged, the weight of the deposited mineral fiber web be too small to a sufficient to develop a high return. In this case it is envisaged that the mineral fiber web, in particular the primary web prior to the first processing station towards their big ones surfaces is compressed. For this purpose, the device can at least a pair of driven rollers, at least one upper and one lower Roller set and / or have an upper and a lower conveyor belt, which the first processing station is connected upstream. For example, the Rollers, roller sets and / or conveyor belts integral Part of the second processing station, in which the mineral fiber web longitudinal or conveying direction is compressed.

A alternative embodiment The invention can provide that the endless mineral fiber web before and while the extension is deflected several times to the individual layers of the Mineral fiber web inside the mineral fiber track different undress.

Should insulation materials are produced with medium to high densities in which a pre-compression of the primary web not too unwanted Increases in the gross density of the insulating material leads, the invention provides that the primary web is stretched. According to the invention for this purpose the speed of two conveyor belts one Pendulum device opposite an upstream, the collection chamber with the pendulum device connecting conveyor elevated. additional can be the primary fleece be compressed in front of the pendulum device. This can be an additional Roller or an additional Belt above the conveyor be arranged, which compressing on the freely large surface of the primary web acts.

In the production of insulating materials with a density of ≥ 75 kg / m ³ , the endless mineral fiber web can be compressed in the first processing station by up to 50% of its starting material thickness before stretching and then stretched according to the invention. The resulting compact mineral fiber web has an increased shear strength. Immediately before stretching, the mineral fiber web is relieved and pulled free of charge before the mineral fiber web is again clearly compressed in the first processing station.

serves the endless mineral fiber web of the production of insulating materials with as possible stored flat and if possible unoriented mineral fibers, such as windable Dämmfilzen or as a starting material for the production of moldings, pipe shells or the like, is the mineral fiber web held in a stretched state. Perhaps resulting cracks are caused by pushing the mineral fiber web together closed, whereby compression of the mineral fiber web are avoided. Accordingly, it is provided according to a further feature of the invention, that the stretched mineral fiber web to close cracks or other openings slight pushed together by a push becomes, whereby the Schubmaß smaller is, as the measure of Stretching.

There is also the possibility of the mineral fiber web in the inventive method According to the prior art additionally compressing in the longitudinal direction in order to unfold the mineral fiber web meandering. In this known procedure, the inventive method, namely the stretching of the mineral fiber web according to the invention has the advantage that a large extension of the mineral fiber web supports and facilitates the meandering unfolding and a shift of the mineral fibers in the mineral fiber web to form new connections between the mineral fibers and the meanders of the mineral fiber web ,

To A further embodiment of the invention provides that loose mineral fibers, in particular binder-free mineral fibers before stretching at least one large surface of the mineral fiber web, be sucked in particular and / or blown off. The removal of loose and / or binder-free mineral fibers has the advantage that the meandering of the connection arranged areas is improved. The suction or blow off The loose or insufficiently bound mineral fibers are preferably carried out in front of the pendulum device.

Farther can be provided that at least one of the large surfaces of Mineral fiber web, in particular of the primary web to be deposited with additional Binders and water is moistened to make a better connection the meandering one by one arranged primary nonwoven layers in a secondary web formed in this way, in particular according to one to achieve intense unfolding. Through the subsequent compression operations and the this caused friction processes The binders are pressed between the mineral fibers and simultaneously evenly distributed.

Should this improved connection of the mineral fibers or the primary nonwoven layers in the secondary web due to a hydrophobing of the mineral fibers and the resulting formed mineral fiber web are not sufficiently formed, is provided according to the invention, the big ones Surfaces of the primary nonwoven before unfolding, spray with a water-alcohol mixture.

The adhesiveness in the mineral fiber web binder present can by spraying Water with surfactants improved or restored. These Surfactants improve the wetting ability of the hydrophobic mineral fibers and are applied only pointwise and temporarily acting because They again by high temperatures in the hardening furnace destroyed Need to become, around the functional properties of the mineral fiber web produced insulation materials not adversely affect.

For the bond The mineral fibers are next to thermosetting binder especially thermoplastic binders, such as water-dispersed polyacrylates bonded thermoset Can connect lamellae plastically. The above-mentioned means are preferably with high-pressure nozzles the mineral fiber web sprayed on, so that the means in small droplet size to nebulous Aerosols are applied. The high-pressure nozzles are, for example, on Output of a shuttle arranged.

Around an impairment exclude the environment by the added funds is below one in the conveyor provided, in particular as a conveyor belt trained depository for the primary nonwoven arranged a suction device. The suction device preferably has Baffles above the storage place on. Due to the filter effect the deposited on the deposit primary web is the extracted Air not or only a little burdened by entrained binders.

For the production hard-resilient insulating materials, like roof insulation panels, Lath insulation boards or insulation materials for the Insulation of Apparatus, installations or pipelines can with the method according to the invention produced mineral fiber webs are used, in which as Binder preferably alcohol-silane compounds are provided, in the curing oven by a sol-gel reaction Harden. As an alternative binder can Silica sol, water glasses or polyphosphates provided that sufficiently high temperatures during curing be achieved.

Around a uniform tension in the primary To produce fibrous web, it is provided that the mineral fiber web in the area of the first processing station complementary in the direction of their surface normals a big one surface with a preferably linear acting force across the longitudinal or conveying direction is charged. For this purpose, for example, be provided that the mineral fiber web by one or more, preferably driven Roll (s) is deflected and deflected. The mineral fiber can also between offset on top of each other arranged driven pairs of rollers or be guided by roller sets, to the necessary tension by friction or increasing the Wrap angle and possibly by a slight compression to reach the mineral fiber web.

These Continuing the process can also be used in the manufacture of directly collected impregnated Mineral fiber webs performed and is not on the production of primary nonwovens limited.

It is thus in the development of the method according to the invention provided that the force over at least one transverse to the longitudinal direction or conveying direction the mineral fiber web, in particular a primary web extending, in particular transferred driven roller to the surface of the mineral fiber web is, with the mineral fiber web from an extended position into a looped position is diverted.

To an alternative feature of the method according to the invention is provided that the power over at least one transverse to the longitudinal direction or conveying direction the mineral fiber web extending, in particular driven roller set with each other opposite arranged, forming a gap rollers on the surface of the Mineral fiber web transferred becomes.

Preferably The mineral fiber web is compressed between the rollers of the roller set.

To Another feature of the invention is that the mineral fiber web is guided meandering over several roles in the area of the first processing station.

Mineral fiber webs, which are rolled up and compressed while using maximum Thicknesses currently made of 240 mm ,. During the winding process in the wrap outside lying zones of mineral fiber web on train and in the winding inside lying zones subjected to pressure. Of these usually several Meter-long mineral fiber webs are cross-site on the construction site longitudinal extension the mineral fiber web sections separated and, for example, between Rafters, uprights of walls, ceilings and / or substructures installed by clamping. These plate-shaped sections must therefore a certain elasticity have, which allows elastic deformation, combined with high restoring forces.

Around a ripping the tensile stress zones when winding the mineral fiber web To avoid it, it is advantageous, the flakes of mineral fibers or orient the mineral fibers per se in the direction of the longitudinal extent, while the mineral fibers in the pressure-stressed zones in usual Way aligned transversely to a winding shaft. Such a thing trained insulation element would a high compressibility exhibit.

Usually becomes the primary fleece for producing a mineral fiber web as a secondary web transverse to the conveying direction of the primary fleece on a second conveyor filed, wherein the individual primary nonwoven layers of the secondary web slight offset from one another. For the production of mineral fiber web It is advantageous, the width of the primary web approximately corresponding de length train the mineral fiber web. There are therefore collection chambers used with which primary nonwovens can be collected with a width of more than 4 m. In but usually the primary nonwovens not wider than approx. 2.5 m. To make these primary nonwovens wider and at the same time the flakes of mine ralfasern in the primary web transversely to the conveying direction of the primary fleece to arrange, becomes the Prmärvlies transverse to its longitudinal direction stretched in which the primary fleece supplied to a device in which the mineral fiber web becomes substantially perpendicular to their longitudinal direction or conveying direction is stretched at least in some areas.

A Continuing this procedure provides that the mineral fiber web by at least one set of rollers with at least two opposite each other arranged, defining a preferably adjustable gap and each about their lateral surface Profiled rollers is performed, the profilings Rolls in the longitudinal direction the roles offset from each other are arranged.

To a further feature of the invention is further provided that the mineral fiber web in a partial area along at least one, preferably both longitudinal edges is stretched, where it is complementary can be considered advantageous that the mineral fiber web compressed line and / or strip at least in some areas of at least one large surface becomes.

Farther is provided that the transverse to the conveying direction stretched mineral fiber web over at least a, preferably convex in the region of its lateral surface roller guided is removed, with the possible folds of the mineral fiber web become. Preferably, the roller is oscillatingly moved to remove accelerate and generally improve the folds.

to execution the method steps mentioned above can be the device according to the invention from at least one profiled lower roller and at least one offset arranged upper role, but in particular several, a roller set forming roles exist. The impregnated primary nonwoven will over the usually driven lower roller guided and with the help of the upper, usually also driven roller promoted and low compressed. Instead of the lower roll or rolls of a set of rolls can also narrow, at regular intervals arranged conveyor belts, preferably be provided of metal fins through which the primary web is promoted uniformly.

Around high conveyor speeds to reach and a rip of only a small inner cohesion offering primary web To avoid being the primary fleece increasingly pressed down by several successive sets of rollers. The achievable transverse strain of the primary web This is essentially the properties of the primary nonwoven and from the height the roles used or the depth of penetration of the roles depends.

Provided a constant transverse strain is sought, can also wavy profiled Rollers are used. Both the lengths of the waves, as well as the Amplitudes and shapes of waves can vary across the width of each Roller to be varied. This applies analogously also for the distances, Heights and Shapes of rolls or bands, like mentioned previously and described.

Around especially at partial transverse strains resistance lines over the Width of the primary fleece can train Above the lower rollers or between the upper rollers Press rollers be provided either on the lower rollers or on additionally inserted roles rest or intervene in their profiling. The primary fleece becomes on no more than the density of the mineral fiber web to be produced pressed together and the compression to achieve the desired density in situ held.

Around Too high compression of the primary web or the mineral fiber web in the device can be used to make certain Mineral fiber webs a strip-wise compression of the primary web both after stretching transversely to the longitudinal direction of the primary web, as well as after stretching in the longitudinal direction be provided. By only stripwise compression of the primary web in Connection with stretched intermediate areas, the primary nonwoven remains good pendulum and sufficiently capable of forming the secondary web.

The transversely stretched primary fleece is then over a or more, especially convex in their surface area, preferably guided spherically shaped roller, which is usually driven and over which previously in the stretching transverse to the longitudinal direction of the primary web introduced wrinkles are removed. The roller can oscillate be to assist the unfolding by the movement. It can also several rollers at different angles to the conveying direction be arranged side by side or in succession.

The Stretching of the primary fleece can over the entire width, sections over the width distributed, only on one edge or on both edges of the primary fleece accomplished become. To do this the rollers and or rollers can be individually adjusted to transversely to the conveying direction a gentle transition from the stretched to the unstretched area.

Finally sees the inventive method According to a further feature of the invention, that the mineral fiber web before stretching in their longitudinal or conveying direction in a direction transverse, in particular approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal or conveying direction is stretched.

The above closer described inventive method is advantageously with a device according to the invention carried out. This device can be characterized by the following and explained Features in a preferred embodiment be educated.

Preferably the first processing station is a second processing station upstream, in which the mineral fiber web in the longitudinal direction or conveying direction is compressed. Through this second processing station can a Variety of products made with the device according to the invention become. It is provided that the two processing stations be used both together, as well as separately from each other, wherein the first processing station for carrying out the method according to the invention is operated.

It is further provided that the first and / or the second processing station from two parallel and spaced apart, on large surfaces of the Mineral fiber web lying on conveyors exists, the one opposite the conveyor higher or lower conveying speed exhibit.

Preferably are the conveyors as Conveyor belts and / or designed as rollers, in particular from sets of rollers with a plurality of rollers.

To Another feature of the invention is that the first Processing station designed as a swinging conveyor is, with the one as primary fleece meandering trained mineral fiber web as secondary fleece on a downstream conveyor can be stored.

The above embodiment the device according to the invention can be further developed in an advantageous manner that the swinging conveyor a compression device is connected upstream of a deflection roller and one opposite Roll set exists.

The downstream conveyor is perpendicular to the conveyor before the first loading processing station aligned, so that the primary nonwoven perpendicular to the conveying direction of the downstream conveyor as a secondary nonwoven can be deposited meandering.

Farther can be provided that the conveying devices on subregions of the large surface of the Mineral fiber web rest.

Preferably are the conveyors as ribbed, smooth and / or toothed conveyor belts and / or conveyor rollers are formed.

To a further feature of the invention is provided that the first Processing station upstream of a suction and / or blower station, with the loose mineral fibers are removable from at least one large surface of the mineral fiber web.

Finally sees a development of the device according to the invention that the first processing station a spraying device with at least two high-pressure nozzles having, with the binder on at least one large surface of the stretched mineral fiber web is applied.

The across and / or along stretched primary fleece becomes in the procedure according to invention in the manner known to me a swinging conveyor across to a second, opposite the first conveyor much slower moving conveyor stored. The offset in this way superimposed primary nonwoven webs form the secondary web, that to the desired Thickness and bulk density is compressed and its structure by the Solidification of the binder in a downstream curing oven is fixed.

By the different extension of the primary web transverse to its longitudinal direction let the structures of the mineral fiber web produced therefrom influence. The elongations of the primary web transverse to its longitudinal direction, As well as the suspended secondary web generally lead to a higher compressibility the secondary web formed mineral fiber web, as the mineral fibers smoothed out and thus less mineral fibers in the subsequent compression the mineral fiber web are broken.

With the method according to the invention or with the device according to the invention are therefore insulating elements produced, which preferably formed as a longitudinally rollable mineral fiber web are, for their production, the primary web only in the range of longitudinal of the primary fleece extending edge is stretched transversely to its longitudinal direction. Due to the reorientation of the mineral fibers in the direction of the conveying direction, The tensile strength in the highly stressed outer zones the mineral fiber web or the wound produced therefrom clearly increased, so a ripping the outer large surface in these Zones is prevented.

The original Orientation of the flakes of mineral fibers transverse to the winding direction on the other hand allows the required high compression of mineral fibers at right angles to the big ones surfaces the mineral fiber web, so that a required storage and iransportvolumen can be reduced without the disadvantage, that the required and in particular desirable original material thickness the mineral fiber web as delivery thickness is no longer reached.

One made of a mineral fiber web described above Insulating element can from one in both in the longitudinal direction running edges transverse to the longitudinal direction stretched primary fleece be formed. Due to the different arrangements of Mineral fiber web, for example, the bending tensile strength of insulating elements aligned. As is known, the bending tensile strength is in longitudinal direction of the primary fleece significantly higher as transversal to it. The approximation leads to stiffer and easier to process insulation elements, in particular plate-shaped Design.

The Combination of conveying direction linearly compressed strip in conjunction with the dilations of the intervening lying zones of the primary web longitudinal and transverse to the longitudinal direction to lead through the outside on the two big ones surfaces of the primary fleece acting pressure and shear forces to structural differences within the primary web and thus to a amended Verfaltungsvermögen of the secondary web. By a corresponding adjustment of width, distance and compression the strip on the thickness and the desired density of the secondary nonwoven or a mineral fiber web formed from it, a structure unfolded in which pre-compressed areas are set steeply. Thus, for example, the compressive strength of the insulating elements elevated become.

Further Feature and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following Description of the associated Drawing, in the preferred embodiments of a device according to the invention to carry out the method according to the invention are shown. In the drawing show:

1 a section of an apparatus for producing a mineral fiber web in schematic illustrated side view;

2 an alternative embodiment of a portion of an apparatus for producing a mineral fiber web in a schematically illustrated side view;

3 a further embodiment of a portion of an apparatus for producing a mineral fiber web in a schematically illustrated side view;

4 the device according to 3 in a plan view;

5 a further embodiment of a portion of an apparatus for producing a transverse to the conveying direction stretched mineral fiber web in a schematically illustrated side view;

6 a set of rollers with two rollers for the device according to 5 in a view;

7 a second embodiment of a set of rollers with two rollers for the device according to 5 in a view;

8th an insulating element with stretched side edges in cross section;

9 an insulating element with elongated surface areas in longitudinal section and

10 an insulating element a stretched and a compressed surface area in longitudinal section.

1 shows a section of a device 1 for producing a mineral fiber web 2 in a schematically illustrated side view. Shown is a horizontally oriented roller conveyor 3 with a plurality of juxtaposed and equally spaced rollers 4 on which a primary fleece 5 rests, which is in the direction of an arrow 6 is encouraged.

The primary fleece 5 consists of mineral fibers associated with binders, which are produced in a non-illustrated defibering from a molten in a cupola silicate melt. The silicate melt consists of natural or artificial stones, which are conveyed together with a primary energy source, such as coke into the cupola and heated in the cupola until reaching the melting temperature. Here, the primary energy source is burned. The melt passes from the cupola furnace into the defibration unit, which is a cascade fiberization machine, in which four high-speed cylindrical hollow bodies are arranged, the melt occurring on the uppermost hollow body in the cascade fiberizing machine and from here on each driven with opposite direction of rotation subsequent hollow body is passed. By acting on the melt centrifugal forces of at least three lower hollow body, the melt is fiberized into mineral fibers, which are then transferred to a collection chamber, in which collection chamber the mineral fibers are sprayed with binders before the wetted with binders mineral fibers then on a conveyor, namely a the roller conveyor 3 upstream conveyor as a primary web 5 be filed.

Above the roller conveyor 3 is a suction station 7 arranged, in which a negative pressure is generated. With this underpressure, loose or insufficiently bound in the primary nonwoven mineral fibers from a large surface 8th of the primary fleece 5 sucked off and in the direction of an arrow 9 promoted. These extracted mineral fibers can be supplied, for example, a recycling process in which the mineral fibers are pressed together with other secondary raw materials to form bricks, which in turn the cupola as the starting material for the production of mineral fiber web 2 can be supplied.

The roller conveyor 3 promotes the primary fleece 5 with a constant conveying speed V1. At the end of the roller conveyor 3 The primary fleece runs over a deflection and tension roller 10 with a peripheral speed U1 in the direction of an arrow 11 is driven. The peripheral speed U1 is greater than the conveying speed V1, so that the primary web 5 in the region of the deflection and tension roller in the conveying direction according to 6 is stretched.

The deflection and tension roller 10 opposite are four rolls 12 arranged, the drive axes parallel to the drive axis of the deflection and tension roller 10 are aligned. The rollers 10 are in their distance to the peripheral surface of the deflection and tension roller 10 variably adjustable, so over the rollers 10 depending on the material thickness of the primary nonwoven 5 a pressure on the large surface 8th of the primary fleece 5 can be exercised, making the primary web 5 between the deflection and tension roller 10 and the rollers 12 is compressed.

The deflection and tension roller 10 steers the primary fleece 5 from the horizontal orientation on the roller conveyor 3 in a vertical orientation. Following the deflection and tension roller 10 runs the primary fleece 5 in a shuttle. The pendulum device consists of two conveyor belts 14 and 15 , each on a large surface 8th respectively. 18 rest. The pendulum device 13 is a fixed point, not shown in the direction of the arrow 16 arranged swinging. Between the conveyor belts 14 and 15 can be the primary fleece 5 be compressed in addition.

By the pendulum movement of the pendulum device 13 becomes the primary fleece 5 meandering on a conveyor belt 17 filed, leaving the primary fleece 5 on the conveyor belt 17 a secondary web 19 forms. The conveyor belt 17 runs at right angles to the conveying direction according to the arrow 6 , wherein the primary web transverse to the longitudinal extent of the conveyor belt 17 meandering as secondary fleece 19 stored.

In 1 Finally, the direction of rotation of a drive roller of the conveyor belt 17 through the arrow 20 shown.

In the apparatus shown above, it is provided that the primary web in the region of the roller conveyor 3 having a high proportion of uncured and moist binder and other additives as impregnating agent. That on the conveyor belt 17 discarded secondary fleece 19 is then fed not shown further processing stations, in which, for example, the edges of the secondary web 19 trimmed and the secondary web in total both in the longitudinal direction, ie in the conveying direction on the conveyor belt 17 as well as in the direction of the surface normals of the secondary nonwoven 19 formed large surfaces is compressed. Finally, the secondary web 19 fed to a hardening furnace, not shown, in which the binder is cured.

In the embodiment according to 1 represents the transition between the roller conveyor 3 and the deflection and tension roller 10 a first processing station 21 and the area between the deflection and tension roller 10 and the oppositely arranged rollers 12 a second processing station 22 wherein the primary nonwoven 5 in the first processing station 21 stretched and in the second processing station 22 is compressed. The processing stations 21 . 22 are arranged between the defibrillator not shown and the curing oven.

A second embodiment of a device 1 is in sections in 2 shown. In this second embodiment of the device 1 according to 2 is a roller conveyor 3 with several roles 4 provided on which a primary fleece 5 is conveyed at a first conveying speed V ₁ .

To the roller conveyor 3 closes a processing station 22 in which the primary fleece 5 between two conveyor belts 23 and 24 is compressed. Between the conveyor belts 23 and 24 becomes the primary fleece 5 conveyed at a conveying speed V ₂ , which is smaller than the conveying speed V ₁ , so that the primary web 5 is compressed by the reduction of the conveying speed of the conveying speed V ₁ to the conveying speed V ₂ in its longitudinal direction and thus also in the conveying direction.

The conveyor belts 23 and 24 are on the output side adjustable in their distance from each other, so that between the conveyor belts 23 . 24 the output side results in a conveyor slot whose height to the desired compression of the primary web 5 can be set.

In the distance to the processing station 22 is a processing station in the conveying direction 21 arranged, in turn, from two conveyor belts 25 and 26 There are conveyor belts on the large surfaces 8th . 18 of the compressed primary web 5 rest and zugübertragend on the primary web 5 Act.

To optimize the train transmission, the two conveyor belts 25 and 26 the processing station 21 adjustable in their distance from each other.

The primary fleece 5 becomes in the area of the processing station 21 conveyed at a conveying speed V ₃ , which is greater than the conveying speed V ₂ . As a result, the primary nonwoven becomes 5 in the area between the processing stations 21 and 22 by the different conveying speeds V ₃ and V ₂ in the processing stations 21 and 22 stretched.

Following the processing station 21 becomes the primary fleece 5 as a mineral fiber web 2 on a conveyor 27 passed, in turn, a variety of roles 28 comprising, on which primary nonwoven 5 or the mineral fiber web 2 is maintained and promoted. In the area between the processing stations 21 and 22 is the primary fleece 5 freely movable and in particular not supported by a conveyor. As a result, friction losses are caused by a resting on a conveyor large surface 18 avoided, which may lead to uneven stretching of the primary web 5 about the material thickness of the mineral fiber web 2 could lead.

3 shows a further embodiment of a portion of a device 1 for producing a mineral fiber web 2 in a schematically illustrated side view. Shown is the processing station 21 coming from a conveyor belt 29 and one in the conveying direction according to the arrow 6 subsequent roller conveyor 3 with individual roles 4 consists. Between the conveyor belt 29 and the roller conveyor 3 is an area arranged in which the primary fleece 5 neither from the conveyor belt 29 , still from the roles 4 the roller conveyor 3 supported and therefore arranged free-hanging. In this area, the device points 1 a pressure element 30 in the form of a roll 31 on what role 31 according to the arrow 32 perpendicular to the large surface 8th of the primary fleece 5 is movable. The role 31 is driven and generates a uniform tension in the primary web 5 ,

The extension of the primary fleece 5 can in the embodiment according to 3 through the role 31 be executed. In addition, however, it can also be provided that the conveying speed of the roller conveyor 4 relative to the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 29 is increased.

In 4 is through the hatching of the primary fleece 5 to realize that this primary fleece 5 in the area of the roller conveyor 3 opposite the area of the primary nonwoven 5 on the conveyor belt 29 is stretched in its longitudinal direction. It should also be noted that the conveyor belt 29 permeable to air, for example, a negative pressure on the primary web 5 carrying surface of the conveyor belt 29 train so that the stiction on this conveyor belt 29 is increased.

In the 5 to 7 is a device 1 shown with a mineral fiber web 2 namely, a primary nonwoven 5 is stretched transversely to its longitudinal direction. Starting from the roller conveyor 3 becomes the primary fleece 5 in a first processing station 21 promoted, the three sets of rollers 33 each with an upper roller 34 and a lower roller 35 exhibit. The roles 34 and the rollers 35 are driven and adjustable in their distance from each other.

The design of the roles 34 and the rollers 35 turns out 7 , in which 6 an alternative embodiment shows.

Every role 34 consists of an axis 36 on which several slices 37 are arranged rotationally fixed. The disks 37 are about the length of the axis 36 arranged at regular intervals distributed.

The role 34 arranged opposite is the roller 35 made from a roll body 38 exists in the area of its lateral surface 39 profiled is formed and alternating recesses 40 as well as protrusions 41 Has. The wells 40 are in areas of the lateral surfaces 39 arranged the slices 37 the role 34 are arranged opposite one another. As a result, the discs can 37 into the wells 40 the roller 35 intervene and the primary fleece 5 compress in these areas.

In the 6 illustrated alternative embodiment of a set of rollers 33 consists of two oppositely arranged rollers 34 , whose design with the configuration of the role 34 in 7 so that reference may be made to the above description.

The disks 37 the oppositely arranged roles 34 are arranged such that the discs 37 the upper roll 34 in the area between two discs 37 the lower roll 34 engage, whereby the intervention takes place in the middle. Of course, the same also applies to the engagement of the discs 37 the lower roll 34 between the discs 37 the upper roll 34 , It can be seen that the discs 37 the lower roll 34 thicker than the discs 37 the upper roll 34 ,

In the embodiment of the device 1 according to 5 It can be seen that the interlocking roles 34 or rollers 35 in conveying direction according to arrow 6 Engage with each other with greater engagement strength.

The primary fleece 5 will be after leaving the last set of rollers 33 aligned vertically from its horizontally oriented conveying direction and runs on a roller 42 on, which has a convex lateral surface 43 Has. The roller 42 is relative to the mineral fiber web 2 or to the primary fleece 5 pendulum movable and serves to that in the first processing station 21 to stretch into the primary fleece introduced wrinkles, so that the primary fleece 5 one opposite the area in front of the first processing station 21 has greater width. The primary fleece 5 is then used as a mineral fiber web 2 on a second roller conveyor 44 with other roles 45 stored. From this roller conveyor 44 the primary web is conveyed to a shuttle not shown. Such Pendeleinreichtung with the reference numeral 13 is in 1 shown.

Finally, the show 1 to 10 exemplary embodiments of insulating elements 46 , In 8th is a primary fleece 5 shown in cross-section, which consists of binder-bound mineral fibers and two large surfaces 8th and 18 has, which are aligned parallel to each other and spaced from each other. The two big surfaces 8th . 18 are over side surfaces 47 interconnected, relative to the large surfaces 8th . 18 are arranged at right angles and extending in the longitudinal axis direction of the primary web 5 extend. The primary fleece 5 has two border areas 48 on that compared to the area between the edge areas 48 transverse to the longitudinal direction of the primary web 5 are formed elongated, so that the mineral fibers in this area substantially parallel to the large surfaces 8th respectively. 18 out directed and relaxed.

In 9 is an insulating element 46 represented, which from the primary fleece 5 according to 8th is made. This insulating element 46 has a core area 49 on, on which both sides surface areas 50 connect immediately below large surfaces 8th . 18 are arranged. In the core area 49 has the insulating element 46 a course of mineral fibers at right angles or steeply to the large surfaces 8th . 18 on, while the course of mineral fibers in the surface areas 50 essentially parallel to the large surfaces 8th . 18 is aligned. The surface areas 50 are trained stretched.

Finally shows 10 an insulating element 46 in the form of a windable mineral fiber web 2 that is a core area 49 and a surface zone 50 having, wherein the surface zone 50 is designed as a partially stretched tensile zone. In the core area 49 The mineral fibers are essentially parallel to the large surfaces 8th . 18 , wherein the course of the mineral fibers transverse to the longitudinal extent of the insulating element 46 is aligned. Inside the winding, a pressure zone forms 51 out, the mineral fibers with parallel to the large surfaces 8th . 18 has developed course.

In the 10 shown mineral fiber web 2 has a high bending ability and thus windability.

Claims (52)

Process for the production of sheet-like or plate-like insulating materials from mineral fibers, preferably made of binders bound rock wool, in which a silicate melt is produced in a smelting unit and defibrated in a fiberizing particular microfine mineral fibers, then the mineral fibers, preferably with the addition of a binding and or impregnating agent are deposited on a conveyor as a mineral fiber web, the mineral fiber web is then processed shaping and finally fed to a curing oven, characterized in that the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) before being fed to the hardening furnace in a first processing station ( 21 ) is stretched in the longitudinal direction or in the conveying direction and / or a deviating from the longitudinal direction or conveying direction, preferably at right angles to the longitudinal direction or conveying direction extending direction. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) in one of the first processing stations ( 21 ) upstream second processing station ( 22 ) is compressed in the longitudinal direction or conveying direction. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the stretching and / or compression of the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) by a relative to the conveying speed of the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) in the processing stations ( 21 . 22 ) increased or reduced conveying speed is achieved. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the stretching and / or compression of the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) is performed immediately after the defibering device. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) following the defibering device as primary nonwoven ( 5 ) of a swinging conveyor ( 13 ), in which the primary nonwoven ( 5 ) is stretched before the primary web ( 5 ) as secondary nonwoven ( 19 ) on one of the swinging conveyor ( 13 ) downstream conveyor ( 17 ) is filed meandering. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) in subregions of their large surfaces ( 8th . 18 ) is stretched by the transmission of different high tensile forces. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that for the stretching of the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) required and transmitted tensile force is measured by pressure sensors. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) is continuously stretched by a degree of about 5 to 20%, in particular 5 to 12%, based on a unit length. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral fiber web ( 2 ), in particular the primary nonwoven ( 5 ) before the first processing station ( 21 ) towards their large surfaces ( 8th . 18 ) is compressed. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) is additionally compressed during the stretching. A method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) is compressed to a compression level of up to 50% of an original material thickness. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the stretched mineral fiber web ( 2 ) is slightly pushed together to close cracks or other openings by a Schubmaß, wherein the thrust measure is smaller than the measure the stretching. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that loose mineral fibers, in particular binder-free mineral fibers, prior to the stretching of at least one large surface ( 8th . 18 ) the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) are removed, in particular aspirated and / or blown off. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the large surfaces ( 8th . 18 ) the mineral fiber web ( 2 ), in particular before compression in the conveying direction with binder and water, optionally as a mixture with alcohol and / or surfactants is wetted. Method according to claim 1 or 14, characterized that as binders alcohol-silane compounds, silica sol, water glass, Polyphosphates or thermoplastic binders, such as water-dispersed polyacrylates are used. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the binder with high-pressure nozzles preferably as an aerosol on the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) is sprayed on. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) in the area of the first processing station ( 21 ) in the direction of its surface normals of a large surface ( 8th . 18 ) is loaded with a preferably linear force acting transversely to the longitudinal or conveying direction. A method according to claim 17, characterized in that the force over at least one transverse to the longitudinal direction or conveying direction of the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) running, in particular driven roller ( 31 ) on the surface ( 8th ) the mineral fiber web ( 2 ), whereby the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) is deflected from an extended position into a loop-shaped position. A method according to claim 17, characterized in that the force over at least one transverse to the longitudinal direction or conveying direction of the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) running, in particular driven roller set with oppositely arranged, forming a gap rollers ( 31 ) on the surface ( 8th ) the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) is transmitted. A method according to claim 19, characterized in that the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) between the roles ( 31 ) of the roller set is compressed. A method according to claim 17, characterized in that the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) in the area of the first processing station ( 21 ) meandering over several rolls ( 34 ) to be led. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) substantially at right angles to its longitudinal direction or conveying direction, at least in subregions ( 48 ) is stretched. A method according to claim 22, characterized in that the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) by at least one set of rollers ( 33 ) with at least two oppositely arranged, a preferably adjustable gap defining and in each case over their lateral surface profiles having roles ( 34 ), the profiles of the rollers ( 34 ) in the longitudinal direction of the rollers ( 34 ) are offset from one another. A method according to claim 22, characterized in that the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) is stretched in a partial area along at least one, preferably both longitudinal edges. A method according to claim 22, characterized in that the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) at least in subregions of at least one large surface ( 8th . 18 ) is compressed line and / or strip. A method according to claim 22, characterized in that the transverse to the conveying direction stretched mineral fiber web ( 2 ) over at least one, preferably in the region of its lateral surface ( 43 ) convexly formed roll ( 42 ), with the possible folds of the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) are removed. Method according to claim 26, characterized in that the roller ( 42 ) is oscillated. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) is stretched before stretching in its longitudinal or conveying direction in a direction transversely, in particular approximately at right angles to the longitudinal or conveying direction. Apparatus for producing sheet-like or plate-like insulating materials from mineral fibers, preferably from mineral wool bound with binders, with a smelting unit, a defibration device, a conveyor and a hardening furnace, wherein in the smelting unit a silicate melt is produced, which in particular in the defibrating device to microfine mineral fibers is frayed, the mineral fibers then, preferably with the addition of a binder and / or impregnating agent, on the Conveyor be deposited as a mineral fiber web, the mineral fiber web is then processed shaping and finally fed to a curing oven, characterized in that between the defibrating device and the curing oven, a first processing station ( 21 ) in which the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) is stretched in the longitudinal direction or conveying direction and / or a deviating from the longitudinal direction or conveying direction, preferably at right angles to the longitudinal direction or conveying direction extending direction. Apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that the first processing station ( 21 ) a second processing station ( 22 ), in which the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) is compressed in the longitudinal direction or conveying direction. Apparatus according to claim 29 or 30, characterized in that the first and / or the second processing station ( 22 ) of two parallel and spaced apart, on large surfaces of the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) lying on the conveyor means (a) opposite the conveyor ( 3 ) have higher or lower conveying speed. Apparatus according to claim 31, characterized in that the conveying devices are used as conveyor belts ( 23 . 24 ) and / or as rollers ( 12 ), in particular from multi-roll sets ( 12 ) are formed. Apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that the first processing station ( 21 ) as a swinging conveyor ( 13 ) is formed, with the one as the primary fleece ( 5 ) formed mineral fiber web ( 2 ) meandering as a secondary web ( 19 ) on a downstream conveyor ( 17 ) can be stored. Apparatus according to claim 33, characterized in that the oscillating conveyor ( 13 ) is preceded by a compression device consisting of a deflection roller ( 10 ) and an opposing set of rollers. Apparatus according to claim 33, characterized in that the downstream conveyor ( 17 ) at right angles to the conveyor ( 3 ) before the first processing station ( 21 ) is aligned so that the primary nonwoven ( 5 ) at right angles to the conveying direction of the downstream conveyor ( 17 ) as secondary nonwoven ( 19 ) can be deposited meandering. Apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that the conveying devices on portions of the large surface ( 8th . 18 ) the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) rest. Apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that the conveying devices as ribbed, smooth and / or toothed conveyor belts ( 25 . 26 ) and / or conveyor rollers ( 12 ) are formed. Apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that the first processing station ( 21 ) a suction and / or blower station ( 7 ), with the loose mineral fibers of at least one large surface ( 8th ) the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) are removable. Apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that the first processing station ( 21 ) has a spraying device with at least two high-pressure nozzles, with the binder on at least one large surface ( 8th ) of the stretched mineral fiber web ( 2 ) can be applied. Apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that the first processing station ( 21 ) a printing element ( 30 ), which preferably has a force linearly and transversely to the longitudinal or conveying direction on the large surface ( 8th . 18 ) the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) transmits. Apparatus according to claim 40, characterized in that the pressure element ( 30 ) as in particular a, preferably driven roller ( 31 ) or as a roller set with at least two opposing, a gap forming rollers ( 31 ) is trained. Apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that the first processing station ( 21 ) means for stretching the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) is transversely, in particular approximately at right angles to the longitudinal or conveying direction upstream. Device according to claim 29, characterized in that the device comprises at least one roller set ( 33 ) with at least two oppositely arranged rollers ( 34 . 35 ), which have profiles on their lateral surfaces. Apparatus according to claim 43, characterized in that the profiles of opposing rollers ( 34 . 35 ) of the roll sets ( 33 ) mesh. Device according to claim 43, characterized in that the profiling of at least one roller ( 35 ) is wave-shaped. Apparatus according to claim 42, characterized in that the device at least one, preferably a convex outer surface ( 43 ) roller ( 44 ), which in particular relative to the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) is mounted oscillating. Insulating element, in particular windable mineral fiber web ( 2 ), consisting of mineral fibers bound at least with binders, preferably of rock wool, with a large surface area ( 8th . 18 ) ( 49 ) and two see on both sides in the area of large surfaces ( 8th . 18 ) to the core area ( 49 ) subsequent surface areas ( 50 ), the core area ( 49 ) a course of mineral fibers substantially at right angles and / or steeply to the large surfaces ( 8th . 18 ), while the surface areas ( 50 ) a course of the mineral fibers parallel to the large surfaces ( 8th . 18 ) and at least one surface area ( 50 ) is stretched. Insulating element according to claim 47, characterized in that a surface area ( 50 ), namely the outer surface lying in the winding ( 50 ) and the second surface area ( 50 ), namely the surface area lying in the winding ( 50 ) is formed compressed. Insulating element according to claim 47, characterized in that in the longitudinal direction of the mineral fiber web ( 2 ) extending edge regions ( 48 ) are stretched. Insulating element according to claim 47, characterized in that in the large surfaces ( 8th . 18 ) are formed line or strip-shaped areas with increased density, which are arranged in the longitudinal direction and / or transverse thereto. Insulating element, in particular primary nonwoven ( 5 ) consisting of mineral fibers bound at least with binders, preferably rockwool, with two large surfaces ( 8th . 18 ) and at right angles to aligned side surfaces ( 47 ), wherein the mineral fibers have a course substantially parallel to the large surfaces ( 8th . 18 ), characterized in that at least one longitudinal edge region ( 48 ) is formed parallel and / or transversely to the longitudinal direction stretched. Insulating element according to claim 51, characterized in that in the large surfaces ( 8th . 18 ) are formed line or strip-shaped areas with increased Rohhehte, which are arranged in the longitudinal direction and / or transverse thereto.