DE102005002038A1 - Sliding door has magnetic drive system with modular coil assembly with controlled individual coils to induce interaction with one or more rows of magnetic elements to produce advance forces - Google Patents

Abstract

The sliding door has a magnetic drive system with linear drive unit with soft or hard magnetic elements (1) and a modular coil assembly of several individual coils which with a corresponding control of the individual coils induces an interaction with the at least one row of magnetic elements to produce advance forces. Each coil assembly can have several coil modules arranged at a constant distance from one another in the drive direction. A coil module can have an integrated contacting to automatically connect the individual coils to the control wires of a control unit.

Description

The The invention relates to a sliding door with a magnetic drive system with a linear motor stator. The magnetic drive system has a linear drive unit with at least one magnet row on. The concept of the magnet series also includes elongated ones Individual magnets. The magnet series can be stationary or mobile be arranged. The magnetic drive system is preferably as designed magnetic support and drive system.

From the DE 40 16 948 A1 a sliding door guide is known in the cooperating magnets under normal load effect a non-contact floating guide held in a sliding guide door or the like, wherein in addition to the stationary magnet arranged the sliding guide a stator of a linear motor is arranged, the rotor is arranged on the sliding door. The selected V-shaped arrangement of the permanent magnets of the disclosed permanently excited magnetic support means no laterally stable guideway can be realized, which is why a relatively complicated arrangement and design of the stator and rotor is required.

Out WO 00/50719 A1 is a combined storage and drive system for one automatically operated door known in which a permanently energized magnetic support system is symmetrical and stationary and portable Magnet rows, which are each arranged in a plane, with the support system in an unstable equilibrium, and in which the support system symmetrically arranged lateral guide elements has, the roll-shaped can be stored. Due to the thus achieved laterally stable track results in a simple design and arrangement of stand and runner one in a common housing accommodated linear motor, namely the possibility of stands and runner of the linear motor with respect to the support system arbitrarily order can and in terms of the shape of the stand and rotor not by the support system limited to be.

this It is common to both storage systems that they follow the principle of repellent Force effect work, which principle of action a stable limbo allows no complicated electrical control device. The disadvantage of this is however, that both at least one stationary as well as at least a portable Magnetic series must be present i.e., over the entire path of the sliding guide or the warehouse of the automatically operated door and on the movable along this guide Carriage for the door Magnets must be arranged which causes such a system, which is due to the omission the mechanical friction to carry the door by extreme ease of movement and noiseless Working method is characterized and almost wear and maintenance free, in the production is very expensive.

From the DE 196 18 518 C1 Further, an electromagnetic drive system for magnetic levitation and support systems is known in which a stable levitation and support state is achieved by a suitable arrangement of permanent magnet and ferromagnetic material. For this purpose, the permanent magnet puts the ferromagnetic material in the state of a magnetic partial saturation. Electromagnets are angeord net that the permanent magnets are moved solely by a change in saturation in the support rail, and the coil cores are included in the permanent magnetic partial saturation, which leads to the floating and wearing state.

Further shows the WO 94/13055 a stator drive for one electric linear drive and provided with such a stand Door by means of Magnets in the lintel suspended from a frame is. Therefor are several at the door panel Magnets or magnet groups arranged, the magnetic field strength is so large that an attraction to a guide plate achieved, which is arranged on the underside of the lintel, wherein the attraction is sufficient to lift the weight of the door.

The two systems described in these documents is common, that a caking of the magnets to the ferromagnetic material By means of rollers is prevented, so an air gap between the Magnets and the ferromagnetic material adjusted by means of rollers becomes. These roles must at the chosen Arrangements big personnel record, since the magnetic field strength is not chosen can that held only the respective magnetically suspended door but a certain one due to safety regulations additional Tragkraft must be present so that the door does not fall unintentionally. Consequently, the Similar roles be interpreted as with purely roller-bearing sliding doors, what that leads to a mechanical friction for adjusting the air gap exists is. This highlights the extreme ease and noiseless Operation of the repulsive Force principle working storage and leads to wear and maintenance. To comes that magnetic attraction already during the Production precise must be set to the respective load to be supported, which these systems for are unsuitable or too expensive for practical use.

Further to lead Although these publications use a magnetic Carrying device coupled or integrated linear drive, However, the configuration of such a linear drive is not described.

Further is common to the systems described in these references, that they are very expensive in assembly and therefore expensive.

It is therefore the object of the invention, a sliding door with a magnetic drive system for at least one door leaf that a linear drive unit with a stator and at least one of this driven magnetic series has, so to develop, that the advantages mentioned above with low production costs remain.

Is solved this task by a sliding door with the in claim 1 specified characteristics. Advantageous embodiments of the subject of claim 1 are given in the dependent claims.

The Sliding door according to the invention comprises magnetic drive system for at least one door leaf, with a magnet array arranged in the drive direction, the magnetization thereof in their longitudinal direction at certain intervals the sign changes, and one connected to the magnet series Carriage, which is movably suspended on a support profile and attached to the door can be, and with a stator attached to the support profile, the at least one stator module having one of a plurality of individual coils or coil arrangement consisting of a drive winding and coil cores, with appropriate control of the individual coils interact with causes the magnetic series, the feed forces causes, a coil or winding wiring and terminal contacts, and the is mounted as a mechanical unit in the support profile.

This inventive structure of the linear motor with a linear motor stator consisting of at least a stator module which mechanically forms a unit, has opposite The prior art has the advantage that the at least one stator module prefabricated and can be mounted as a whole in a drive carrier profile, whereby low installation costs are achieved. Next can be like that built-up stator for different long linear motor sliding door drives are used. By the embodiment of the invention a stator module with several drive coils or a drive winding, a coil or winding wiring and connection contacts Continue a light contact of the internally fully wired Stator modules possible. Thus, the stator module according to the invention forms mechanically and electrically one unit, which are easily assembled can and a cost-effective Structure of the sliding door according to the invention allows wherein a plurality of stator modules according to the invention can be strung together to a stator.

This results from the fact that the same stator modules in a correspondingly large number significantly cheaper can be made as stator modules individually adapted to the respective drive width, the storage of the stator modules is simplified, the production the stator modules as preproduction independent of the production of the remaining linear motor sliding door drive take place and if necessary in another place with e.g. lower production costs can take place and the quality the Statormo dules independent from the rest of the linear motor sliding door drive can be monitored. Since the equipped with permanent magnets runner is further executed in an extended design, the linear motor according to the invention operates also with a relatively short stator e.g. shorter than the length of the Runner's good together, i. even if not consisting of several stator modules Stators remain the above advantages, since the stator modules according to the invention can be used in different width sliding doors because through the use of a stator or stator module that clearly shorter, as the drive length, for different drive lengths the same stator can be used.

at the sliding door according to the invention has a stator module more preferably at least one magnetic Inference rail on. At this magnetic return rail can all individual coils and coil cores are fixed, causing the mechanical unit of the stator module according to the invention by the magnetic return rail given is. In this way, the invention is necessary functionality the mechanical unit advantageous with the magnetic field for propulsion reinforcing Characteristics of the magnetic return track coupled.

Alternatively or additionally, in the case of the sliding door according to the invention, the stator is preferably composed of a plurality of stator modulators. In this way, in this embodiment of the invention in sliding door drives, which have the multiple length of the stator module, for thrust and power increase more stator modules in "series connection" are assembled. Also, a "parallel circuit" of several stator modules is possible to increase the thrust and power of the linear motor according to the invention. Due to this design Ausges can with correspondingly short linear motor stator modules, for example at a Stator length <600 mm with a single type of linear motor stator modules, all lengths of sliding door drives can be realized.

In this embodiment of the sliding door according to the invention are the individual stator modules further preferably designed so that an electrical connection of two stator modules by direct Mating or by means of an intermediate piece, to the two stator modules can be connected he follows. Naturally can the electrical connection according to the invention alternatively by a soldering or screwed, but probably there is an increased installation costs. The contacting of the stator modules according to the invention is preferably carried out To reduce the monthly expenditure as easy as possible. At a Simply plugging the stator modules into series switched, i. continuous phase lines are formed, whereby the individual coils of the coil arrangements of the stator modules be switched in parallel. In such a mounting eliminates the separate contacting of the stator modules. On the other hand, with appropriate automation of the manufacturing process an automatic soldering or welding of the be useful electrical lines of the stator modules, as this Procedure one higher Failure safety and lower parts costs caused as a plug connection.

Alternatively or additionally, in a sliding door according to the invention in this embodiment, the stator modules have a different length. Length differences between the stator modules are preferably F _{1,2, ..., n} , where n is the number of stator modules used and F _{1,2, ..., n} = (x _{1,2, ..., n} + n - 1) / n, with x _{1,2, ..., n} = (1, ..., n) and x is a natural number.

By this invention preferably Using different long linear motor stator modules can without a reduction of the smallest length of a stator module one much finer gradation by assembling the stator modules realizable stator lengths to be obtained.

With the following definitions:
n = number of different lengths of stator modules,
x _{1,2, ... n} = (1, ... n), where x is a natural number,
favorable factor F of the length ratios of the stator modules with n different stator module lengths: F _{1,2, ... n} = (x _{1,2, ... n} + r - 1) / n,
results in the use of n different length stators the finest constant gradation with the use of as few stator modules per stator.

Example 1:

Number of different lengths of stator modules n = 2; From this follows F _1,2 = 2/2; 3/2, ie F ₁ = 2/2 = 1 and F ₂ = 3/2 = 1.5.

at a length the shortest Stator module = 600 mm follows: stator module 1 = 600 mm, stator module 2 = 900 mm. So it's a possible grading of 300 mm possible.

Example 2:

Number of different lengths of stator modules n = 3; From this follows F _1,2,3 = 3/3, 4/3, 5/3, ie F ₁ = 3/3 = 1, F ₂ = 4/3 and F ₃ = 5/3.

at a length the shortest Stator module = 600 mm follows: stator module 1 = 600 mm, stator module 2 = 800 mm, stator module 3 = 1000 mm. So it's a grading of 200 mm possible.

at the sliding door according to the invention is further alternatively or additionally Preferably, the at least one stator module by insertion into a Grooved groove of the supporting profile and secured by a mechanical fuse secured against displacement in the groove.

Here if the mechanical fuse is e.g. a pen, a screw, a plastic deformation of the carrier profile in the region of the groove or parts of the stator, or gluing, Solder or welding the linear motor module. Since a stable, complex shaped support profile, that's a big number integrated by carrying and fastening functions, especially simple and cost-effective as extruded profile, preferably made of aluminum, can be and grooves without cost-causing overhead in such a Profile bring, this invention is preferred embodiment with inserted into a profile groove of the support profile stator modules particularly simple, flexible and cost-effective. Furthermore, the attachment in a groove at any point along the profile possible and independently of the length of the stator module.

According to the invention, the at least one stator module can alternatively also be fastened to the fixed carrier profile by another mechanical connection, for example by screwing, riveting, pinning, clamping, gluing, soldering or welding. That is, in addition to the particularly favorable attachment through a slot guide between stator module (s) and support profile, all other joining methods are possible with which a sufficient strength can be realized. In a leadership of Statormodule in a groove and other joining methods can be used in addition who in order to remedy the disadvantage of the guide play in a slot guide and a possible rattling associated with it.

at the sliding door according to the invention is further alternatively or additionally preferably in the support profile not used for stator modules for recording Stator modules provided space with at least one magnetic Inference body filled.

The Inference body of the Stator modules can next to the reinforcement the magnetic drive fields of the coils in an interaction with the permanent magnets of the runner an additional Carrying capacity fulfill. So that this support function evenly over the total travel length is maintained, the stator in this preferred embodiment of the invention when using a stator that is shorter than the travel length plus the runner length to corresponding return body lengthened. Farther are preferred in this invention Design by extension the return body also When moving out of the permanent magnets from the region of the return body of the Stators emerging large cogging avoided. The extra effort by the extension of the return body of the Stators is considered to be low, that of the inference body with simple manufacturing process from a low-cost soft magnetic material can be made. Because the inference body extension contains no electrical components or elements, it can be almost any Cut length or shorten. Another possibility is it with, return body modules with constant length and to fill up the remaining space. These Elements can much shorter be as the stator modules, since the return body modules are not electrical need to be contacted and hence the use of a larger number such elements during assembly is portable.

at the inventive sliding door has that at least one stator module further alternatively or additionally preferably a magnetically sensitive position sensor, preferably made of consists of several magnetically sensitive individual sensors, one with the magnetic series as a magnetic scale or with a separate magnetic scale working position measuring system on. In this preferred embodiment of the invention are for the commutation and control of the linear motor sliding door drive preferably (in a path-dependent control) used at least two fixed displacement sensor units Already integrated into the stator modules, resulting in a separate handling eliminated.

at the sliding door according to the invention are further alternatively or additionally preferably the individual coils of the coil arrangement of a stator module to a connected through the stator module phase lines Ring circuit or star connection interconnected. This preferred embodiment according to the invention allows a particularly simple electrical connection of several stator modules to a stator because the necessary electrical connections, i. the phase lines, in principle at both ends of a stator module available. The individual coils are then within a stator module with the ones on both ends Connected to live lines.

at the sliding door according to the invention are further alternatively or additionally preferably the individual coils of the coil arrangement of a stator module, to one of the phase lines passing through the stator module are connected, connected electrically in series or in parallel.

By these preferred according to the invention Circuit alternatives results in each case a single-fault safety for one certain type of error. In a parallel connection is the error a line break on individual coils, the case of a bad Contacting can occur secured, whereas at a Series connection short circuits of single coils, as they are likely to burn out occur, are negligible.

at the sliding door according to the invention are further alternatively or additionally preferably by the stator module extending phase lines from each executed at least two parallel interconnected conductors. These inventive design allows a single-fault safety, especially necessary for escape route applications is by the phase lines are designed as loops, whereby in case of an interruption in one place of the ring always there is still potential at all parts of the conductor.

at consist of the sliding door according to the invention further alternatively or additionally preferably the coil cores made of a soft magnetic material. Further preferably, the coil cores are made of laminated. A to the invention also potential massive version the coil cores selected Lathed execution The coil cores usually provide advantages in terms of eddy current losses. Opposite is the possible one Extra effort in one execution as a stamped part but considered to be low to nonexistent can.

In the sliding door according to the invention further alternatively or additionally preferably the coil cores are cylindrical or they have a Langge stretched form, which runs transversely to the direction of movement of the support carriage. In particular, in the latter preferred embodiment of the sliding door according to the invention, grooves between the soft magnetic cores, so that a very low height of the linear motor stator according to the invention of less than 12 mm can be realized. Since only the transverse to the direction of travel portion of the winding wire of the stator makes a contribution to the feed, elongated coils whose longitudinal axis is transverse to the direction of travel, so a winding in which this proportion is as large as possible, particularly effective. Since the non-effective wire parts continue to cause ohmic losses, an efficient angle reduces not only the required copper volume and associated costs and space and the power losses and thus increases the efficiency of the linear motor of this preferred embodiment of the invention.

at the sliding door according to the invention is located further alternatively or additionally Preferably, the coil or winding wiring in the transverse direction next the coil arrangement. This arrangement according to the invention allows a simple and space-saving design.

at the sliding door according to the invention are further alternatively or additionally preferably a plurality of individual coils of the coil arrangement of an uninterrupted Wire made. This arrangement according to the invention avoids or reduces contacts of the individual coils, whereby the operation of the Sliding door according to the invention occurring by bad contacts caused breaks in the wiring be avoided or reduced.

at the sliding door according to the invention are further alternatively or additionally Preferably, the individual coils of the coil assembly without fixed bobbin too baked or glued solid coils. For this purpose, the wire according to the invention the coils preferably baked enamel wire. By this embodiment of the invention can the coils of baked or glued wire on the coil cores be plugged. There you can the coils by snapping, gluing, caking, potting or be attached by means of metal tabs. Alternatively, the wire the coils of the at least one linear motor stator module firmly the coil cores are wound so that coil and core are a solid unit form.

at the sliding door according to the invention is further alternatively or additionally preferably between the individual coils and the coil cores of the coil assembly provided an electrical insulation layer. This electrical Insulation view may according to the invention e.g. from paint, foil, hose or a solid plastic body consist.

at the sliding door according to the invention is further alternatively or additionally preferably one end of each individual coil associated with this single coil Spool core contacted and the coil cores form together with a magnetic return rail a conductor of the coil wiring. In this embodiment of the invention form the cores with the return bar preferably the neutral conductor of star-connected coils.

The Sliding door according to the invention has preferably continue for each door one associated with the magnetic series roller assembly, with respect to the Door leaf one Supporting function fulfilled and a certain slit-shaped Distance between the magnet series and the coil cores ensured.

• – größere Lebensdauer der Rollen,
• – Reduzierung der Rollengröße und damit eine Bauraumreduktion bezüglich der Rollenlagerung,
• – eine Reduzierung der Rollengeräusche,
• – Reduzierung des Rollwiderstandes bzw. der Rollreibung.

By such a design of the magnetic drive system as a magnetic support and drive system, in which the required load is partially absorbed by the magnetic support and drive system and partially by the roller assembly, the advantage over the prior art that the roller assembly neither must carry the entire load of the door, nor has to take a required due to safety regulations high load capacity in purely magnetically suspended door leaves. As a result, the following advantages are achieved compared to a pure roller bearing or a magnetic suspension supported by rollers:

• - longer life of the rollers,
• Reduction of the roll size and thus a space reduction with respect to the roller bearing,
• A reduction in roll noise,
• - Reduction of rolling resistance or rolling friction.

Further arise in this embodiment of the sliding door according to the invention over a with a purely magnetic support and guidance system the advantages, that the load-bearing capacity-rigidity in the design of the system not considered is needed, when accelerating and decelerating no rolling movements the carried load, e.g. of the door, arise, and that different deflections at different door weights not necessarily considered or have to be compensated. Furthermore, the magnetic support and drive system according to the invention designed in this way can be used for at least a door without consideration the actual later use be made without distinction in series, i. without one at the production required adjustment to the later to be supported weight.

Out these reasons is according to the invention in a Such working on the attractive force principle storage a very good smoothness and noiseless Given the method of operation, wherein due to the roller arrangement used, which the particular slit-shaped Distance between the magnet array and the coil arrangement ensures despite utilization of an unstable state of equilibrium none electrical or electronic control device to be provided needs. A slit-shaped Distance in the sense of this invention is a distance between two parallel or slightly inclined surfaces. Here in particular between a pole surface one of the (at least one) magnet series and one of these opposite in the Substantially parallel arranged surface of the coil cores of the coil assembly.

at the carrying device according to the invention the magnet series preferably parallel to the supporting direction and transversely magnetized to the drive direction.

According to the invention, the magnet series preferably consists of one or more high-performance magnets, preferably rare-earth high-performance magnets, more preferably neodymium-iron-boron (NeFeB) or samarium-cobalt (Sm ₂ Co) or plastic-bonded magnet materials. By using such high-performance magnets can be generated because of the higher remanence induction significantly higher power densities than with ferrite magnets. Consequently, the magnet system can be constructed geometrically small and thus save space for a given load capacity with high-performance magnets. The higher material costs of the high-performance magnets compared to ferrite magnets are at least compensated by the comparatively small magnet volume.

The Drive system according to the invention or combined support and drive system becomes the drive at least a door leaf of a Sliding door used, preferably designed as a curved sliding door or horizontal sliding wall is. In addition to this insert, it can also be used to drive gate leaves or in feeders, Handling devices or transport systems are used.

Of the Auxiliary drive according to the invention can for one Door leaf or for many, all, door leaves one More flights leagues sliding door be provided.

The The invention will now be described with reference to schematically illustrated embodiments described in more detail. Showing:

1 a longitudinal sectional view of a principle according to the invention used in combination support and drive system,

2 an electrical interconnection of the coils of the linear drive unit of in 1 shown combined support and drive system,

3 a diagram for explaining a first possibility of the voltage waveform to the as in 2 shown interconnected coils of the drive system used in the invention,

4 a diagram for explaining a second possibility of the voltage waveform to the as in 2 shown interconnected coils of the drive system used in the invention,

5 a diagram for explaining a third possibility of the voltage waveform to the as in 2 shown interconnected coils of the drive system used in the invention,

6 a cross-sectional view of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention,

7 a cross-sectional view of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention,

8th a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention,

9 a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention,

10 a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention,

11 a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention,

12 a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the invention,

13 a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the invention,

14 an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention,

15 an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door to a second preferred embodiment according to the invention,

16 an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention,

17 an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention,

18 an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the invention,

19 an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the invention,

20 an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the invention,

21 an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to an eighth preferred embodiment of the invention,

22 an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a ninth preferred embodiment of the invention,

23 an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a tenth preferred embodiment of the invention,

24 an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to an eleventh preferred embodiment of the invention,

25 an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a twelfth preferred embodiment of the invention,

26 an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a thirteenth preferred embodiment of the invention,

27 a first variant of an electrical interconnection of two interconnected stator modules of a sliding door according to the fourth preferred embodiment of the invention,

28 a second variant of an electrical interconnection of two interconnected stator modules of a sliding door according to the fourth preferred embodiment of the invention,

29 a third variant of an electrical interconnection of two interconnected stator modules of a sliding door according to the fourth preferred embodiment of the invention,

30 a first variant of an electrical interconnection of two interconnected stator modules of a sliding door according to the thirteenth preferred embodiment of the invention,

31 a second variant of an electrical interconnection of two interconnected stator modules of a sliding door according to the thirteenth preferred embodiment of the invention,

32 a cross-sectional view and a horizontal sectional view of coil cores of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention, and

33 a cross-sectional view and a horizontal sectional view of coil cores of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention.

The 1 shows a schematic diagram of two drive segments of a drive system preferably used according to the invention, here as a combined magnetic support and drive system, in a longitudinal section, in which the magnetic linear drive used in the invention to the magnetic series 1 acts on a support slide 4 attached, which is a door leaf 5 holds. The magnet series 1 is on a support profile 6 attached and each has alternately polarized individual magnets. In carrying direction above the magnet series 1 are coils with a certain gap-shaped spacing 2 arranged so that a respective coil core 3 in the supporting direction, ie z-direction extends. The coil cores are in attractive force with the magnetic series 1 and thus bring a part of a load capacity for the door 5 on.

To a continuous feed of the magnetic series 1 to ensure are the stator coils 2 with their respective coil cores 3 arranged in different relative positions to the grid of the permanent magnets. The more different relative positions are formed, the more uniform the thrust force can be realized over the travel. On the other hand, since each relative position is assigned to an electrical phase of a drive system required for the linear drive, as few electrical phases as possible should be used. Due to the available three-phase three-phase network is a three-phase system, as exemplified in 2 shown is very inexpensive to build.

In this case, there is a respective drive segment and thus a coil module of the linear drive unit of three coils having an extension of three units of length in the drive direction, ie x-direction, ie between the Mit vertices of adjacent coil cores 3 a grid R is _S = 1 unit of length. The length of a magnet of the magnet series 1 in the drive direction and the length of between the individual magnets of the magnetic series 1 Lying here is chosen so that length of a magnet L _magnet + length of a gap L _gap = magnetic grid R _M = 3/4 length unit (= 3/4 R _S ).

2 shows the interconnection of the coils of 1 shown two drive segments of the invention preferably used linear drive unit. Here is a first coil 2a with a first spool core 3a connected between a first phase and a second phase of a three-phase three-phase system whose three phases are evenly distributed, so the second phase at 120 ° and a third phase at 240 °, when the first phase is at 0 °. The in positive drive direction, ie + x-direction, next to the first coil 2a with coil core 3a lying second coil 2 B with coil core 3b a drive segment of the linear drive unit is connected between the second phase and the third phase and that in the positive drive direction, ie + x-direction next to the second coil 2 B with coil core 3b lying third coil 2c with coil core 3c is switched between the third phase and the first phase. In addition to such a drive segment of the linear drive unit lying drive segments of the linear drive unit are connected in the same way to the three phases of the three-phase system.

assigns one to the Polraster formed by the permanent magnets, analogous to Arrangement in a two-pole DC motor, phase angle to, Thus, the linear coil arrangements can be in a circular phase diagram depict. Since this is both magnetic as a driving effect the permanent magnets as well as electrically as control of the coils let interpret, Through this diagram, the relationship between switching states and Drive effect uniformly described.

Such a circular phase diagram with drawn coils is shown in FIG 3 shown. Here, on the ordinate, the electric potential is given in V and on the abscissa the magnetic potential. A circle around the origin of this coordinate system, representing a zero potential for both the electrical potential and the magnetic potential, represents the phase angles of the voltage applied to the respective coils, with a 0 ° phase position at the step point of the circle having the positive ordinate and the phase is clockwise to a 90 ° phase position in the intersection of the circle with the negative abscissa, which represents the magnetic potential of the south pole, a 180 ° phase position in the intersection of the circle with the negative ordinate, the minimum voltage potential represents, a 270 ° phase position in the intersection of the circle with the positive abscissa, which represents the magnetic potential of the north pole, to a 360 ° phase position, which is equal to the 0 ° phase position, in the intersection of the circle with the positive Ordinate representing the maximum voltage potential changes.

As in 2 Shown is a relationship where the first coil 2a with coil core 3a between a 0 ° phase position and a 120 ° phase position, the second coil 2 B with coil core 3b between a 120 ° phase position and a 240 ° phase position and the third coil 2c with coil core 3c lie between a 240 ° phase position and a 360 ° phase position. In three-phase operation, now the hands of these coils rotate in accordance with the alternating frequency of the three-phase current in a clockwise direction, wherein each one of the electrical potential difference wiping applied to the ordinate projected start and end points of the pointer voltage corresponding to the coil.

In the magnetic interpretation of the phase diagram, a phase pass of 180 ° corresponds to a displacement of the rotor by the distance between the centers of two adjacent magnets, ie the magnetic grid R _M. Due to the alternating polarization of the magnets in the rotor, a pole change is carried out when shifting around the magnetic grid R _M. After a 360 ° phase pass, the rotor displacement is two R _M. In this case, the magnets are again in the starting position relative to the grid R _{S of} the stator coils, comparable to a 360 ° rotation of the rotor of a two-pole DC motor.

For the electric Interpretation of the phase diagram is considered the ordinate, represented on the applied electrical voltage potential is. At 0 ° is the maximum potential, at 180 °, the minimum potential and at 90 ° or 270 ° mean voltage potential. As mentioned previously, the coils in the diagram represented by arrows whose beginning and end points the contacts represent. The respective applied coil voltage can by projection read from start and end point of the arrows on the potential axis become. By the direction of the arrow, the current direction and thereby set the magnetization direction of the coil.

Instead of a continuous sinusoidal voltage source, the phase diagram according to 3 For reasons of cost, a controller with a rectangular characteristic can also be used. In a corresponding phase diagram, the in 4 is shown, the rectangular characteristic is represented by switching thresholds. Here you can the phase connections respectively assume the three states plus potential, minus potential and potential-free. The positive potential is for example in a range between 300 ° and 60 ° and the negative potential in a range of 120 ° to 240 ° and the ranges between 60 ° and 120 ° and 240 ° and 300 ° represent the potential-free state in which the coils are not connected. In rectangular voltage control, the more uneven thrust compared to sinusoidal control is disadvantageous.

Of course, a large number of further coil configurations and potential distributions can be built up, eg the in 5 shown potential distribution, wherein a minimum potential of 0 V in a range between 105 ° and 255 °, a maximum potential of 24 V in a range of 285 ° to 75 ° and potential-free ranges of 75 ° to 105 ° and 255 ° to 285 ° present.

By suitable controls according to the above explained principles different travel speeds and travel distances can be achieved. You can do this Position sensors for provided the individual door leaves be or can also controls can be set up, which manage without position sensors, where the position of the door wings is estimated.

The 6 shows a cross section of a support and drive means of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention, which also shows a stator module according to the invention in section.

A basically U-shaped support profile 6 has a floor 9 and two perpendicular to this side areas 10 on, each recesses 11 in which on the support carriage 4 fixed arrangements 7 . 8th run by single rollers, which cause a vertical guidance. Here are two identical arrangements 7 . 8th selected from single rolls, one of which is a left-hand arrangement 7 in the positive transverse direction y to the left of a right-hand arrangement 8th lies. The left arrangement 7i is in the positive transverse direction y on the left of the support carriage 4 attached and the right arrangement 8th is in the positive transverse direction y right of the support carriage 4 attached.

Within the here in principle U-shaped support carriage 4 , on its side areas 12 the arrangements 7 . 8th are fixed by single rollers, is at the bottom 13 of the carriage 4 the magnet series 1 arranged. Between the page areas 12 of the carriage 4 is at a gap-like distance a to the magnet series 1 one out of coils 2 and spool cores 3 existing coil assembly disposed on a soft magnetic return rail 14 which are fixed in a groove on the ground 9 of the supporting profile 6 is inserted. The coil assembly with its wiring 37 and the soft magnetic return rail 14 form a stator module according to the invention 40 which forms a mechanical unit and into a groove in the ground 9 of the supporting profile 6 is inserted. The coil cores 3 and the soft magnetic return rail 14 can also be integrally formed.

For stabilization, the principle upwards, ie in the negative supporting direction, ie the -z-direction, open U-shaped support carriage 4 at the top edges of its side areas 12 in the transverse direction, ie positive and negative y-direction, projecting ribs, which in the area of the individual roles of the arrangements 7 . 8th the roller assembly are interrupted.

In these embodiments of the invention, the recesses are 11 of the supporting profile 6 in the vertical direction next to the coils 2 and spool cores 3 arranged, why the support carriage 4 is designed so that not only the attached to this magnetic series 1 within its pages 12 is arranged, but also parts of the support profile 6 attached coils 2 and coil cores 3 , This results in a particularly flat design.

Next are the recesses 11 with treads 15 provided, which are designed so that a unwinding of the individual roles of the arrangements 7 . 8th the roller assembly is quiet. The treads 15 This may consist of two or more material components, for example of a soft damping layer 15b attached to the support profile 6 is provided, and a hard running layer 15a on which the single rolls run.

On the support carriage 4 Furthermore, a (not shown) horizontal guide member is provided, which the support carriage 4 holds in a stable position in the y-direction.

Between the single coils 2 down above this outstanding is the magnet series 1 opposite a position sensor 16 a Wegmesssystemes attached to the magnet array 1 serves as a measuring scale to the position of the in the supporting profile 6 running carriage 4 determine. The position sensor 16 , which can consist of several individual sensors, is via a wiring 39 connected to an evaluation.

Next is the support profile 6 a disguise 19 provided within which also a circuit arrangement 18 for controlling the linear drive unit, which also includes the evaluation of the displacement encoder, is recorded, the one controller 21 for controlling the individual coils 2 and electrically with the position sensor 16 the position measuring system, with the coils 2 the coil assembly, with a (not shown) power supply and with a (not shown) Sen sorik for initiating the opening and closing of the sliding door according to the invention is connected.

Of course, according to the invention, the magnet series 1 on the housing 6 and that from coils 2 , Coil cores 3 , the wiring 37 and the soft magnetic return rail 14 existing "stator module" according to the invention 40 on the support carriage 4 be fixed, in which case the stator is the runner.

The control 21 can be selected by selecting the individual coils 2 one or more door leaves 5 ie with one magnet row each 1 provided carrying carriages 4 move.

The 7 shows a cross-sectional view of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention.

Unlike the one in the 6 embodiment shown here is the support carriage 4 not U-shaped but flat and the stator module 40 does not have a dovetailed guide on the return flow rail 14 on that into a corresponding groove in the ground 9 of the supporting profile 6 is provided, but the return rail 14 is simply flat designed and is inserted in the installed state in a groove, which is located between the ground 9 and two supernatants 42 that results on the sidewalls 10 of the supporting profile 6 are arranged.

The left part of the 7 shows a cross section of the stator module according to the invention 40 that here without position sensor 16 and its wiring 39 is designed. The from a return flow rail 14 , and this fortified coil cores 3 and on these plugged individual coils 2 with a phase wiring 38 existing mechanical unit of the stator module 40 is as a whole in the supporting profile 6 used as it is in the right part of the 7 is shown. As a result, easy assembly is possible and an additional stiffening of the supporting profile 6 given.

The 8th shows a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention.

In a twice the length of the door leaf having bearing profile 6 is in the middle of an inventive stator module 40 provided, which is about 1/5 of the length of the supporting profile 6 equivalent. The stator module 40 acts with a on the support carriage 4 on which the door leaf 5 is hung, fixed magnet array 1 together, which is about twice the length of the stator module 40 having. In this way, in each position of serving as a runner support carriage 4 an overlap of the stator module 40 and the magnet series 1 given, but in the extreme positions of the door leaf 5 , ie completely open and completely closed, is relatively short, namely only about 1/3 of a stator module 40 existing stator.

The 9 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention.

Unlike the one in the 8th shown first preferred embodiment of the invention is here in the support profile 6 in the middle one out of two stator modules 40 . 41 existing stator arranged. Both stator modules 40 . 41 have the same length. This results in the extreme positions of the door leaf 5 an overlap of the stator and the magnet series 1 of about 5/6 the length of a stator module, that is about 5/12 of the length of the entire stator.

The 10 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention.

Unlike the one in the 9 shown second preferred embodiment of the invention is here in the support profile 6 in the middle one out of two stator modules 40 . 41 existing stator, in which both stator modules 40 . 41 have a different length. In particular, the left stator module 40 in length and position identical to that in the 9 shown left stator module 40 and the right stator module 41 is about 1.5 times the length of the in the 9 shown right stator module 41 on. As both stator modules 40 . 41 approximately in the middle of the supporting profile 6 are joined together (the interface between the two stator modules 40 . 41 slightly offset to the left) to form the stator results in the left extreme positions of the door leaf 5 an overlap of the stator and the magnet series 1 of about 5/6 the length of the left stator module 40 , ie about 2/5 of the length of the entire stator, and in the extreme right positions of the door leaf 5 an overlap of the stator and the magnet series 1 of about 4/5 the length of the right stator module 41 that is about 1/2 of the length of the entire stator.

The 11 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention.

Here are in terms of in the 10 shown third preferred embodiment of the invention additionally magnetic return body 43 right and left of that by the two stator 40 . 41 formed stator, which is the space between the stator and the ends of the supporting profile 6 fill out. The shown return body 43 consist of a soft magnetic return rail 14 and spool cores 3 , ie are the same except for the coils and their wiring to the stator modules 40 . 41 built, whereby more easily different lengths can be realized. By such a structure is over the entire travel of the door leaf 5 a constant through the magnet series 1 and the (assembled and unpopulated) cores 3 and return rails 14 achieved supporting effect, the roller assemblies 7 . 8th the rollers relieved.

The 12 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the invention.

Unlike the one in the 9 shown second preferred embodiment of the invention are here in the support profile 6 in the middle put together two stator modules 40 . 41 not directly, but over an intermediate piece 44 plugged together. In this way, the stator modules can be configured identically at both ends.

The 13 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the invention.

Unlike the one in the 9 shown second preferred embodiment of the invention are here in the support profile 6 in the middle put together two stator modules 40 . 41 at the respective outer ends, ie where they are not mated, at the positions of the outer three coil cores with consisting of three individual sensors position sensors 16 . 17 Mistake. These position sensors 16 . 17 may instead of or in addition to the respective outer three individual coils (not shown here) 2 be provided.

The 14 shows an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention. Here are phase lines 37 designed as running through the stator module according to the invention lines, ie, one end is provided at one end of the stator module and the other end at the other end of the stator module. At both ends of the stator module are connections of the phase lines 37 of the here three-phase drive system, ie the here three single-phase lines formed. In each case, three individual coils are interconnected to form a delta connection, wherein in each case a connection to one of the three individual phase lines takes place at the connection points between two of the three coils. A number of n such single-coil groups connected to a delta connection are connected in parallel to the phase wiring 37 connected.

The 15 shows an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention. Unlike the one in the 14 shown electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention are here each three individual coils connected to a star connection, wherein at the not connected to a neutral point ends of the three coils is in each case a connection to one of the three single-phase lines. Here too, a number of n such individual coil groups connected to a delta connection are connected in parallel to the phase wiring 37 connected.

The 16 shows an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention. In addition to that in the 15 shown electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention are still the n star points with a neutral point conductor 45 connected, which is a fourth line of the phase wiring 37 forms.

The 17 shows an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention. Unlike the one in the 16 shown electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention are here the three with the neutral conductor 45 connected ends of the individual coils not via a star point but directly to the neutral conductor 45 connected, resulting in a particularly simple wiring.

The 18 shows an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein with respect to in the 17 shown electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention, only an assignment of the individual phase lines to the coils and a spatial position of the neutral conductor 45 are chosen differently. In particular, here is the neutral point conductor 45 not spatially separated but spatially adjacent to the single-phase conductors of the phase wiring 37 executed.

The 19 shows an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the Invention. Unlike the one in the 18 shown electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the invention, the neutral conductor not as a part of the phase wiring 37 is executed, but the return flow rail 14 this function takes over, with a contact via the coil cores 3 takes place, with which the connected to the neutral conductor ends of the individual coils are electrically connected.

The 20 shows an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the invention.

Unlike the one in the 14 shown electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention are here each four individual coils connected to a ring circuit, wherein in each case a connection to one of four individual phase lines takes place at the connection points between two of the four coils. Here too, a number of n such individual coil groups connected to a ring circuit are connected in parallel to the phase wiring 37 connected.

The 21 shows an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to an eighth preferred embodiment of the invention. Here, only three single-phase lines of a four-phase phase wiring 37 used to interconnect a number of n coil groups consisting of two individual coils.

The 22 shows an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a ninth preferred embodiment of the invention. Here, only three single-phase lines of a four-phase phase wiring 37 used to interconnect a number of n coil groups consisting of four individual coils, wherein two individual coils of a coil group are connected in parallel.

The 23 shows an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a tenth preferred embodiment of the invention.

Unlike the one in the 14 shown electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention are here the single phase lines of the phase wiring 37 as ring lines, ie after the connection point with the last coil group between the connection to the stator module 40 and the connection point is returned to the first coil group, and carried out without a second connection, that is, there is a connection of the phase wiring only at one end of the stator module.

The 24 shows an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to an eleventh preferred embodiment of the invention. Unlike the one in the 23 shown electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a tenth preferred embodiment of the invention exist here at both ends of the stator module 40 Connections.

The 25 shows an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a twelfth preferred embodiment of the invention.

Unlike the one in the 16 shown electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention are here the single phase lines of the phase wiring 37 also as ring lines, ie after the connection point with the last coil group between the connection to the stator module 40 and the junction returned to the first coil group, with a second connection. The neutral point conductor 45 is not designed here as a ring line.

The 26 shows an electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a thirteenth preferred embodiment of the invention. Unlike the one in the 25 shown electrical interconnection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a twelfth preferred embodiment of the invention here is the neutral point conductor 45 also designed as a loop and the individual coils of the coil groups are not a star point, but directly to the neutral conductor 45 connected.

The 27 shows a first variant of an electrical interconnection of two interconnected stator modules of a sliding door according to the fourth preferred embodiment of the invention.

Here, three single-phase lines are provided once passing through a respective stator module from one end to one terminal to the other end to another terminal. These three single phase lines of the two stator modules are connected together. Three parallel single-phase lines, which do not form a loop with the respective corresponding single-phase line, are connected to the three single-phase lines, to which the respective n coil groups according to the in the 17 shown fourth preferred embodiment are connected according to the invention.

The 28 shows a second variant of an electrical interconnection of two interconnected stator modules of a sliding door according to the fourth preferred embodiment of the invention, in which two identical to those in the 17 Stator module constructed stator modules are connected directly to each other.

The 29 shows a third variant of an electrical interconnection of two interconnected stator modules of a sliding door according to the fourth preferred embodiment of the invention, in which two of the in the 26 shown stator modules are connected directly to each other, in each case in addition there is no return line of the star point conductor.

The 30 shows a first variant of an electrical interconnection of two interconnected stator modules of a sliding door after in the 26 shown thirteenth preferred embodiment of the invention, in which case additionally the return lines are guided via connections to the outside and connected to each other.

The 31 shows a second variant of an electrical interconnection of two interconnected stator modules of a sliding door according to the thirteenth preferred embodiment of the invention, in which case the return lines are led via connections to the outside and connected to each other, but within a stator module no connection of the return lines to the single-phase lines , So a return or ring line is done only via both together connected phase modules.

The 32 shows a cross-sectional view and a horizontal sectional view of coil cores of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention. This embodiment corresponds in principle to that in the 7 shown sliding door according to a two-th preferred embodiment of the invention. Here are the coil cores 3 cylindrically shaped.

The 33 shows a cross-sectional view and a horizontal sectional view of coil cores of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention. This embodiment also corresponds in principle to that in the 7 shown sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention. Here are the coil cores 3 designed with a transversely elongated shape to the movement direction, whereby the proportion of the winding wire, which contributes to the advance of the magnetic series 1 supplies, is particularly large and therefore in comparison with the cylindrical configuration of the coil cores with the same feed properties a flatter design can be achieved.

1

magnet row

2

Kitchen sink

3

Plunger

4

support carriage

5

door

6

support section

7

Roller assembly left arrangement

8th

Roller assembly right arrangement

9

ground of the supporting profile

10

page range of the supporting profile

11

recesses in the side areas of the supporting profile

12

page range of the carriage

13

ground of the carriage

14

Return rail

15

treads

16

Off transducers a first stator module

17

Off transducers a second stator module

18

circuitry

19

paneling

37

phase wiring a first stator module

38

phase wiring a second stator module

39

Measuring sensor wiring a first stator module

40

first stator module

41

second stator module

42

Supernatants of the supporting profile

43

Return body

44

connecting piece

45

Neutral conductor

n

number the stator modules

Claims (22)

Sliding door with a magnetic drive system for at least one door leaf ( 5 ), with a magnet array arranged in the drive direction ( 1 ) whose magnetization in its longitudinal direction at certain intervals changes the sign, and one with the magnetic series ( 1 ) associated carrying carriages ( 4 ), which is movable on a support profile ( 6 ) is suspended and on which the door ( 5 ) and with one on the support profile ( 6 ) fixed stator, the at least one stator module ( 40 . 41 ), one of a plurality of individual coils ( 2 ) or a drive winding and coil cores ( 3 ) existing coil arrangement, which with appropriate control of the individual coils ( 2 ) a change effect with the magnet series ( 1 ) causes the feed forces, a coil or winding wiring ( 37 . 38 ) and connecting contacts, and as a mechanical unit in the support profile ( 6 ) is mounted. Sliding door according to claim 1, characterized in that a stator module further comprises at least one magnetic return bar (10). 14 ) having. Sliding door according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the stator consists of a plurality of stator modules ( 40 . 41 ) is composed. Sliding door according to claim 3, characterized in that the individual stator modules ( 40 . 41 ) are configured so that an electrical connection of two stator modules ( 40 . 41 ) by direct mating or by means of an intermediate piece ( 44 ), to which two stator modules ( 40 . 41 ) can be connected. Sliding door according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the stator modules ( 40 . 41 ) have a different length and length differences between the stator modules ( 40 . 41 ) are preferably F _{1,2, ..., n} , where n is the number of stator modules used ( 40 . 41 ) and F _{1,2, ..., n} = (x _{1,2, ..., n} + n - 1) / n, where x _{1,2, ..., n} = (1, .. ., n) and x is a natural number. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one stator module ( 40 . 41 ) by insertion into a groove of the supporting profile ( 6 ) is secured and secured by a mechanical safeguard against displacement in the groove. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the support profile ( 6 ) not for stator modules ( 40 . 41 ) used for the accommodation of stator modules ( 40 . 41 ) provided space with at least one magnetic return body ( 43 ) is filled out. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one stator module ( 40 . 41 ) a magnetically sensitive position sensor ( 16 . 17 ) which preferably consists of several magnetically sensitive individual sensors, one with the magnet series ( 1 ) as a magnetic scale or with a separate magnetic scale working position measuring system. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual coils ( 2 ) of the coil arrangement of a stator module ( 40 . 41 ) to one through the stator module ( 40 . 41 ) extending phase lines ( 37 . 38 ) connected ring circuit or star connection are connected. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual coils ( 2 ) of the coil arrangement of a stator module ( 40 . 41 ) connected to one of the modules 40 . 41 ) extending phase lines ( 37 . 38 ) are connected, electrically connected in series or in parallel. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by the stator module ( 40 . 41 ) extending phase lines ( 37 . 38 ) are executed in each case at least two parallel interconnected conductors. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coil cores ( 3 ) consist of a soft magnetic material and are preferably made of laminated. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coil cores ( 3 ) are cylindrical or have an elongate shape which transversely to the direction of movement (x) of the support carriage ( 4 ) runs. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coil or winding wiring ( 37 . 38 ) in the transverse direction (y) is adjacent to the coil assembly. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of individual coils ( 2 ) of the coil assembly are made of an uninterrupted wire. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual coils ( 2 ) of the coil assembly without fixed bobbin baked or glued to solid coils. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the individual coils ( 2 ) and the coil cores ( 3 ) of the coil assembly, an electrical insulation layer is provided. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one end of each individual coil ( 2 ) with the coil core assigned to this individual coil ( 3 ) and the coil cores ( 3 ) together with a magnetic return rail ( 14 ) a conductor of the coil wiring ( 37 . 38 ) form. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a with the Mag netreihe ( 1 ) associated role arrangement ( 7 . 8th ) related to the door leaf ( 5 ) fulfills a supporting function and has a certain gap-shaped spacing (a) between the magnet row ( 1 ) and the coil cores ( 3 ) guaranteed. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnet row ( 1 ) is magnetized parallel to the supporting direction (z) and transversely to the drive direction (x). Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnet row ( 1 ) consists of one or more high-performance magnets, preferably rare-earth high-performance magnets, more preferably of the NeFeB or Sm ₂ Co type. sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized that the sliding door as a curved sliding door or horizontal sliding wall is formed.