DE102004046344A1 - A method by which an air stream is separated into oxygen and nitrogen parts has a flow circuit by which no fresh incoming air enters the distillation column - Google Patents

A method by which an air stream is separated into oxygen and nitrogen parts has a flow circuit by which no fresh incoming air enters the distillation column Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102004046344A1
DE102004046344A1 DE102004046344A DE102004046344A DE102004046344A1 DE 102004046344 A1 DE102004046344 A1 DE 102004046344A1 DE 102004046344 A DE102004046344 A DE 102004046344A DE 102004046344 A DE102004046344 A DE 102004046344A DE 102004046344 A1 DE102004046344 A1 DE 102004046344A1
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distillation column
air
heat exchanger
cycle
condenser
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DE102004046344A
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German (de)
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Jürgen Voit
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04193—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions
    • F25J3/042—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions having an intermediate feed connection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04218—Parallel arrangement of the main heat exchange line in cores having different functions, e.g. in low pressure and high pressure cores
    • F25J3/04224—Cores associated with a liquefaction or refrigeration cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04278—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using external refrigeration units, e.g. closed mechanical or regenerative refrigeration units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04339—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of air
    • F25J3/04345—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of air and comprising a gas work expansion loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/20—Boiler-condenser with multiple exchanger cores in parallel or with multiple re-boiling or condensing streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/02—Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/08—Internal refrigeration by flash gas recovery loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/12—External refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/14—External refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/40—Quasi-closed internal or closed external air refrigeration cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The air (1) enters a heat exchanger system (4a,4b) and separation columns (6,7) and a portion to a compressor (27) and heat exchanger system (30) from which it cools a heat exchanger (52) for the nitrogen flow (54) from and to the distillation column. The air is returned through the heat exchanger (30).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Tieftemperatur-Zerlegung von Luft gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie eine entsprechende Vorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 6.The The invention relates to a process for the cryogenic decomposition of Air according to the generic term of claim 1 and a corresponding device according to the preamble of claim 6.

Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur Tieftemperatur-Zerlegung von Luft sind zum Beispiel aus Hausen/Linde, Tieftemperaturtechnik, 2. Auflage 1985, Kapitel 4 (Seiten 281 bis 337) bekannt. Das Destilliersäulen-System der Erfindung kann als Einsäulensystem zur Stickstoff-Sauerstoff-Trennung ausgebildet sein, als Zweisäulensystem (zum Beispiel als klassisches Linde-Doppelsäulensystem), oder auch als Drei- oder Mehrsäulensystem. Es kann zusätzlich zu den Kolonnen zur Stickstoff-Sauerstoff-Trennung weitere Vorrichtungen zur Gewinnung anderer Luftkomponenten, insbesondere von Edelgasen aufweisen, beispielsweise eine Argongewinnung.method and devices for the cryogenic separation of air are for Example from Hausen / Linde, cryogenic technology, 2nd edition 1985, chapter 4 (pages 281 to 337) known. The distillation column system of the invention may as a single pillar system be designed for nitrogen-oxygen separation, as a two-column system (for example, as a classical Linde double column system), or as a or multi-column system. It may additionally to the columns for nitrogen-oxygen separation other devices for recovery other air components, in particular of noble gases, for example an argon recovery.

Verfahren und Vorrichtungen der eingangs genannten Art sind aus US 4715873 oder US 5660059 bekannt.Methods and devices of the type mentioned are out US 4715873 or US 5660059 known.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein derartiges Verfahren und eine entsprechende Vorrichtung anzugeben, die wirtschaftlich besonders günstig, insbesondere besonders flexibel zu betreiben sind.Of the Invention is based on the object, such a method and to provide a corresponding device, the economically particularly favorable, in particular are particularly flexible to operate.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass kein Teil der in dem Kreislaufverdichter verdichteten Luft in die beziehungsweise eine der Trennsäulen des Destilliersäulen-Systems eingeleitet wird.These Task is solved by that no part of the air compressed in the cycle compressor introduced into the or one of the separation columns of the distillation column system becomes.

Durch die klare Trennung zwischen Kreislauf- und Einsatzluft kann der Luftkreislauf besonders flexibel gefahren werden, ohne dass der Trennvorgang im Destilliersäulen-System wesentlich beeinflusst wird. Insbesondere kann die Kreislaufmenge in einem weiten Bereich an den aktuellen Kältebedarf angepasst werden. Somit kann der Prozess beispielsweise mit verschieden großem Flüssigproduktanteil gefahren werden. Der Flüssigproduktanteil kann in einem speziellen Fall auch auf Null heruntergefahren werden; die Anlage wird in dieser Zeit als reiner Gasapparat betrieben.By the clear separation between circulation and feed air can the Air circulation can be driven very flexible, without the Separation process in the distillation column system essential being affected. In particular, the amount of circulation in one wide range can be adapted to the current cooling requirements. Thus, the process, for example, with different sized liquid product content be driven. The liquid product content can in a special case, shut down to zero; the plant is operated as a pure gas apparatus during this time.

Vorzugsweise wird die gesamte im Kreislaufverdichter komprimierte Luftmenge wieder zum Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters zurückgeführt. Es müssen dann lediglich die Kreislaufverluste ergänzt werden, insbesondere durch Zuführung eines Teils der in dem Hauptluftverdichter komprimierten Luft zum Eintritt oder zu einer Zwischenstufe des Kreislaufverdichters. Falls der Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters unter einem niedrigeren Druck als der Austritt des Hauptluftverdichters betrieben wird, muss diese Ergänzungsluft im ersten Fall stromaufwärts des Eintritts des Kreislaufverdichters entspannt werden. Die Rektifikationsluft (der erste Luftstrom) ist damit vollständig vom Kreislauf entkoppelt.Preferably the total air volume compressed in the cycle compressor is restored returned to the entry of the cycle compressor. It then only need the circulation losses added be, especially by feeding a part of the air compressed in the main air compressor to Admission or to an intermediate stage of the cycle compressor. If the inlet of the cycle compressor under a lower pressure As the outlet of the main air compressor is operated, this must make-up air in the first case upstream the entry of the cycle compressor can be relaxed. The rectification air (The first air flow) is thus completely decoupled from the circuit.

Vorzugsweise ist das Destilliersäulen-System als Zwei- oder Mehr-Säulen-System ausgebildet und umfasst eine Hochdrucksäule und eine Niederdrucksäule, die miteinander in Wärmeaustausch-Beziehung stehen. In einer speziellen Ausführungsform weist die Niederdrucksäule keinen Kopfkondensator auf.Preferably is the distillation column system as a two or more column system formed and includes a high pressure column and a low pressure column, the with each other in heat exchange relationship stand. In a specific embodiment the low pressure column no head capacitor on.

Vorzugsweise wird das Hauptwärmetauscher-System, in dem die Einsatzluft für das Destilliersäulen-System abgekühlt wird und das Kreislaufwärmetauscher-System, in dem die Kreislaufluft abgekühlt und wieder angewärmt wird, durch voneinander getrennte Wärmetauscherblöcke gebildet.Preferably becomes the main heat exchanger system, in which the feed air for the distillation column system chilled and the cycle heat exchanger system, in which the circulating air cooled and warmed up again is formed by separate heat exchanger blocks.

Jedes der beiden Wärmeaustausch-Systeme kann dabei durch einen oder mehrere – parallel oder seriell miteinander verbundene – Wärmetauscherblöcke gebildet werden. "Voneinander getrennt" bedeutet hier eine klare Zuordnung der Hauptwärmetauscher- und der Kreislaufwärmetauscher-Funktion. Dabei können die beiden Wärmeaustausch-Systeme jedoch über Ausgleichsströme miteinander verbunden sein.each the two heat exchange systems can thereby by one or more - parallel or serially with each other connected - formed heat exchanger blocks become. "mutual separated "means Here is a clear assignment of the main heat exchanger and the cycle heat exchanger function. there can However, the two heat exchange systems with each other via equalizing currents be connected.

Die Aufgabe wird außerdem durch die Vorrichtung gemäß Patentanspruch 6 gelöst. Weitere Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind in den Ansprüchen 7 bis 10 beschrieben.The Task will as well by the device according to claim 6 solved. Further embodiments of the device according to the invention are in the claims 7 to 10 described.

Die Erfindung sowie weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand eines in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The Invention and further details of the invention are hereinafter based on an embodiment schematically shown in the drawing explained in more detail.

Atmosphärische Luft wird in einem nicht dargestellten Hauptluftverdichter verdichtet und anschließend gereinigt. Sie tritt über Leitung 1 unter einem Druck von vorzugsweise 5,5 bis 6,0 bar, beispielsweise etwa 5,7 bar in das System ein und wird in einen ersten Luftstrom 2 und einen zweiten Luftstrom 3 aufgeteilt.Atmospheric air is compressed in a main air compressor, not shown, and then cleaned. She steps over line 1 at a pressure of preferably 5.5 to 6.0 bar, for example about 5.7 bar into the system and is in a first air flow 2 and a second airflow 3 divided up.

Der erste Luftstrom 2 wird in einem Hauptwärmetauscher-System 4a, 4b auf etwa Taupunktstemperatur abgekühlt und tritt in die Hochdrucksäule 6 eines Destilliersäulen-Systems ein, das außerdem eine Niederdrucksäule 7 aufweist. Die beiden Säulen stehen über einen Hauptkondensator 8 in Wärmeaustausch-Beziehung. Flüssiger Rohsauerstoff 9 vom Sumpf der Hochdrucksäule 6 und flüssiger Stickstoff 10 vom Kopf der Hochdrucksäule 6 bzw. aus dem Verflüssigungsraum des Hauptkondensators 8 werden in einem Unterkühlungs-Gegenströmer 11 unterkühlt und über je ein Drosselventil 12, 13 in die Niederdrucksäule eingespeist. Als gasförmige Produkte verlassen Druckstickstoff 14 – 15 – 16, die Hochdrucksäule 6 sowie Niederdruckstickstoff 17 – 18 – 19, Unreinstickstoff 20 – 21 – 22 und Sauerstoffgas 23 – 24 die Niederdrucksäule und werden im Hauptwärmetauscher-System 4a, 4b ggf. im Unterkühlungs-Gegenströmer 11 angewärmt. Außerdem werden Stickstoff 25 und Sauerstoff 26 der Niederdrucksäule als Flüssigprodukte entnommen.The first airflow 2 is in a main heat exchanger system 4a . 4b cooled to about dew point and enters the high pressure column 6 a distillation column system, which also has a low pressure column 7 having. The two columns are over a main capacitor 8th in heat exchange relationship. Liquid crude oxygen 9 from the bottom of the high-pressure column 6 and liquid nitrogen 10 from the head of the high pressure column 6 or from the liquefaction space of the main capacitor 8th be in a subcooling countercurrent 11 undercooled and each with a throttle valve 12 . 13 fed into the low pressure column. As gaseous products leave pressurized nitrogen 14 - 15 - 16 , the high pressure column 6 as well as low-pressure nitrogen 17 - 18 - 19 , Impure nitrogen 20 - 21 - 22 and oxygen gas 23 - 24 the low-pressure column and are in the main heat exchanger system 4a . 4b if necessary in the subcooling countercurrent 11 warmed up. In addition, nitrogen 25 and oxygen 26 taken from the low pressure column as liquid products.

Der zweite Teilstrom 3 der Luft ergänzt kompensiert die Verluste in einem von einem Kreislaufverdichter 27 mit Nachkühler 28 angetriebenen Luftkreislauf. Er wird in einem Ventil 61 auf etwa 3 bar, den Eintrittsdruck des Kreislaufverdichters 27 entspannt und dessen Eintritt zugeführt. (Alternativ – siehe gestrichelte Linie 62 in der Zeichnung – wird der zweite Teilstrom einer Zwischenstufe des Kreislaufverdichters 27 zugeleitet.) In dem Kreislaufverdichter wird die Luft auf einem Druck von vorzugsweise 20 bis 25 bar, beispielsweise etwa 22 bar verdichtet. Ein erster Zweigstrom 29 der Kreislaufluft wird in einem Kreislaufwärmetauscher-System 30a bis 30e auf eine erste Zwischentemperatur abgekühlt und über Leitung 31 einer ersten arbeitsleistenden Entspannung 32 zugeleitet. Der entspannte erste Zweigstrom 33 wird über die Leitungen 34 und 35 zum Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters 27 zurückgeführt.The second partial flow 3 The air compensates for the losses in one of a cycle compressor 27 with aftercooler 28 driven air circulation. He is in a valve 61 to about 3 bar, the inlet pressure of the cycle compressor 27 relaxed and fed its entry. (Alternatively - see dashed line 62 in the drawing - is the second partial flow of an intermediate stage of the cycle compressor 27 fed.) In the cycle compressor, the air is compressed to a pressure of preferably 20 to 25 bar, for example about 22 bar. A first branch stream 29 The circulating air is in a cycle heat exchanger system 30a to 30e cooled to a first intermediate temperature and via line 31 a first work-relaxing 32 fed. The relaxed first branch stream 33 is over the wires 34 and 35 to the entry of the cycle compressor 27 recycled.

Der zweite Zweigstrom 36 der hoch verdichteten Kreislaufluft wird in zwei seriell verbundenen Nachverdichtern 37, 39, die jeweils einen Nachkühler 38, 40 aufweisen auf vorzugsweise 50 bi 55 bar, beispielsweise etwa 53 bar nachverdichtet, und in das im Kreislaufwärmetauscher-System 30a bis 30e eingeleitet. Ein Teil 42 wird bei einer zweiten Zwischentemperatur aus dem Kreislaufwärmetauscher-System entnommen und einer zweiten arbeitsleistenden Entspannung 43 zugeführt. Der Rest 45 wird bis zum kalten Ende des Kreislaufwärmetauscher-System geführt und in einem Drosselventil 46 entspannt. Die beiden entspannten und teilverflüssigten Ströme 44, 47 werden in einen Abscheider (Phasentrenner) 48 eingeleitet. Die Dampffraktion 49 aus dem Abscheider 48 wird über Leitung 50 wieder dem Kreislaufwärmetauscher-System zugeführt, dort auf etwa Umgebungstemperatur angewärmt und schließlich über Leitung 35 wieder zum Kreislaufverdichter geleitet. Die flüssige Luft 51 aus dem Abscheider 48 stellt in dem Beispiel den "verflüssigten zweiten Luftstrom" dar und wird in einen Kondensator-Verdampfer 52 geleitet und dort vorzugsweise vollständig oder im Wesentlichen vollständig verdampft. Die wiederverdampfte Luft 53 wird gemeinsam mit dem Strom 49 angewärmt und zurückgeführt.The second branch stream 36 The highly compressed circulating air is fed into two serially connected booster compressors 37 . 39 , each one an aftercooler 38 . 40 have on preferably 50 to 55 bar, for example, about 53 bar after-compressed, and in the circulating heat exchanger system 30a to 30e initiated. A part 42 is taken from the cycle heat exchanger system at a second intermediate temperature and a second work-performing expansion 43 fed. The rest 45 is routed to the cold end of the cycle heat exchanger system and into a throttle valve 46 relaxed. The two relaxed and partially liquefied streams 44 . 47 be in a separator (phase separator) 48 initiated. The vapor fraction 49 from the separator 48 will be over line 50 fed back to the cycle heat exchanger system where it warmed to about ambient temperature and finally via line 35 headed back to the cycle compressor. The liquid air 51 from the separator 48 represents in the example the "liquefied second air stream" and becomes a condenser-evaporator 52 passed there and preferably completely or substantially completely evaporated. The re-evaporated air 53 will be shared with the stream 49 warmed up and returned.

In den Verflüssigungsraum des Kondensator-Verdampfers 52 tritt ein Teil 54 des gasförmigen Druckstickstoffs 14 vom Kopf der Hochdrucksäule 6 und wird vollständig oder im Wesentlichen vollständig kondensiert. Der verflüssigte Stickstoff wird über Leitung 55 zum Kopf der Hochdrucksäule 6 zurückgeleitet. Alternativ kann er vollständig oder teilweise als Flüssigprodukt gewonnen werden.Into the liquefaction space of the condenser-evaporator 52 Join a part 54 of the gaseous pressure nitrogen 14 from the head of the high pressure column 6 and is completely or substantially completely condensed. The liquefied nitrogen is sent via pipe 55 to the head of the high pressure column 6 returned. Alternatively, it may be recovered wholly or partially as a liquid product.

Zur Optimierung der Wärmeaustausch-Vorgängen können Ausgleichsströme 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 zwischen Kreislaufwärmetauscher- und Hauptwärmetauscher-System vorgesehen sein.Balancing currents can be used to optimize the heat exchange processes 56 . 57 . 58 . 59 . 60 be provided between Kreislaufwärmetauscher- and main heat exchanger system.

Claims (11)

Verfahren zur Tieftemperatur-Zerlegung von Luft in einem Destilliersäulen-System mit mindestens einer Trennsäule (6, 7), bei dem – ein erster Luftstrom (1, 2, 5) in einem Hauptluftverdichter verdichtet, in einem Hauptwärmetauscher-System (4a, 4b) abgekühlt und dem Destilliersäulen-System zugeleitet wird, – ein zweiter Luftstrom (3, 35, 57) in einem Kreislaufverdichter (27) verdichtet, in einem Kreislaufwärmetauscher-System (30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 30e) abgekühlt und verflüssigt wird, – mindestens ein Teil des verflüssigten zweiten Luftstroms (51) in einen Kondensator-Verdampfer (52) eingeleitet und dort in indirektem Wärmeaustausch mit einer kondensierenden Stickstoff-Fraktion (54) aus dem Destilliersäulen-System mindestens teilweise verdampft wird, – mindestens ein Teil der in dem Kondensator-Verdampfer kondensierten Stickstoff-Fraktion (55) dem Destilliersäulen-System als Rücklaufflüssigkeit zugeführt wird und – mindestens ein Teil der in dem Kondensator-Verdampfer verdampften Luft (53) in dem Kreislaufwärmetauscher-System (30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 30e) angewärmt und zum Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters (27) zurückgeführt (34, 35, 50) wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass kein Teil der in dem Kreislaufverdichter (27) verdichteten Luft in die beziehungsweise eine der Trennsäulen (6, 7) des Destilliersäulen-Systems eingeleitet wird.Process for the cryogenic separation of air in a distillation column system with at least one separation column ( 6 . 7 ), in which - a first air flow ( 1 . 2 . 5 ) in a main air compressor, in a main heat exchanger system ( 4a . 4b ) is cooled and fed to the distillation column system, - a second air stream ( 3 . 35 . 57 ) in a cycle compressor ( 27 ) in a cycle heat exchanger system ( 30a . 30b . 30c . 30d . 30e ) is cooled and liquefied, - at least part of the liquefied second air stream ( 51 ) in a condenser-evaporator ( 52 ) and there in indirect heat exchange with a condensing nitrogen fraction ( 54 ) is at least partially evaporated from the distillation column system, - at least a portion of the nitrogen fraction condensed in the condenser-evaporator ( 55 ) is supplied to the distillation column system as reflux liquid and - at least a portion of the vaporized in the condenser-evaporator air ( 53 ) in the cycle heat exchanger system ( 30a . 30b . 30c . 30d . 30e ) warmed and to the entry of the cycle compressor ( 27 ) ( 34 . 35 . 50 ), characterized in that no part of the in the cycle compressor ( 27 ) compressed air into the or one of the separation columns ( 6 . 7 ) of the distillation column system. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Destilliersäulen-System eine Hochdrucksäule (6) und eine Niederdrucksäule (7) umfasst, die miteinander in Wärmeaustausch-Beziehung (8) stehen.Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the distillation column system is a high-pressure column ( 6 ) and a low pressure column ( 7 ), which are in heat exchange relationship with each other ( 8th ) stand. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Niederdrucksäule (7) keinen Kopfkondensator aufweist.Process according to claim 2, characterized in that the low-pressure column ( 7 ) has no top condenser. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Hauptwärmetauscher-System (4a, 4b) und das Kreislaufwärmetauscher-System (30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 30e) durch voneinander getrennte Wärmetauscherblöcke gebildet werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the main heat exchanger system ( 4a . 4b ) and the cycle heat exchanger system ( 30a . 30b . 30c . 30d . 30e ) are formed by separate heat exchanger blocks. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass kein Strom aus der beziehungsweise einer der Trennsäulen (6, 7) des Destilliersäulen-Systems dem Kreislaufverdichter (27) zugeführt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that no current from the or one of the separation columns ( 6 . 7 ) of the distillation column system the cycle compressor ( 27 ) is supplied. Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperatur-Zerlegung von Luft – mit einem Destilliersäulen-System mit mindestens einer Trennsäule (6, 7), – mit einer Einsatzluftleitung (1, 2, 5) zur Einführung eines ersten Luftstroms von einem Hauptluftverdichter über ein Hauptwärmetauscher-System (4a, 4b) in das Destilliersäulen-System, – mit einer Kreislaufluftleitung (3, 35, 57) zur Einleitung eines zweiten Luftstroms aus einem Kreislaufverdichter (27) in ein Kreislaufwärmetauscher-System (30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 30e) ist, – mit Mitteln zur Verflüssigung des zweiten Luftstroms, – mit einem Kondensator-Verdampfer (52) zur mindestens teilweisen Verdampfung mindestens eines Teils des verflüssigten zweiten Luftstroms (51) in indirektem Wärmeaustausch mit einer kondensierenden Stickstoff-Fraktion (54) aus dem Destilliersäulen-System, – mit einer Rücklaufleitung (55) zur Einführung mindestens eines Teils der in dem Kondensator-Verdampfer kondensierten Stickstoff-Fraktion als Rücklaufflüssigkeit in das Destilliersäulen-System und – mit einer Rückführleitung (53, 34, 35, 50) zur Rückführung mindestens eines Teils der in dem Kondensator-Verdampfer verdampften Luft (53) durch das Kreislaufwärmetauscher-System (30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 30e) zum Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters (27), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass keine Strömungsverbindung vom Austritt des Kreislaufverdichters (27) zu der beziehungsweise einer der Trennsäulen (6, 7) des Destilliersäulen-Systems besteht.Device for the cryogenic separation of air - with a distillation column system with at least one separating column ( 6 . 7 ), - with a feed air line ( 1 . 2 . 5 ) for introducing a first air flow from a main air compressor via a main heat exchanger system (4a, 4b ) in the distillation column system, - with a circulating air line ( 3 . 35 . 57 ) for introducing a second air stream from a cycle compressor ( 27 ) in a cycle heat exchanger system ( 30a . 30b . 30c . 30d . 30e ) is, - with means for liquefying the second air flow, - with a condenser-evaporator ( 52 ) for at least partially evaporating at least part of the liquefied second air stream ( 51 ) in indirect heat exchange with a condensing nitrogen fraction ( 54 ) from the distillation column system, - with a return line ( 55 ) for introducing at least a portion of the nitrogen fraction condensed in the condenser-evaporator as reflux liquid into the distillation column system and - with a return line ( 53 . 34 . 35 . 50 ) for recycling at least part of the air evaporated in the condenser-evaporator ( 53 ) through the cycle heat exchanger system ( 30a . 30b . 30c . 30d . 30e ) to the inlet of the cycle compressor ( 27 ), characterized in that no flow connection from the outlet of the cycle compressor ( 27 ) to the or one of the separation columns ( 6 . 7 ) of the distillation column system. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Destilliersäulen-System eine Hochdrucksäule (6) und eine Niederdrucksäule (7) umfasst, die miteinander in Wärmeaustausch-Beziehung (8) stehen.Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the distillation column system is a high-pressure column ( 6 ) and a low pressure column ( 7 ), which are in heat exchange relationship with each other ( 8th ) stand. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Niederdrucksäule (7) keinen Kopfkondensator aufweist.Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the low-pressure column ( 7 ) has no top condenser. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Niederdrucksäule (7) keinen Kopfkondensator aufweist.Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the low-pressure column ( 7 ) has no top condenser. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Hauptwärmetauscher-System (4a, 4b) und das Kreislaufwärmetauscher-System (30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 30e) durch voneinander getrennte Wärmetauscherblöcke gebildet werden.Device according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the main heat exchanger system ( 4a . 4b ) and the cycle heat exchanger system ( 30a . 30b . 30c . 30d . 30e ) are formed by separate heat exchanger blocks. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass keine Strömungsverbindung von der beziehungsweise einer der Trennsäulen (6, 7) des Destilliersäulen-Systems zum Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters (27) besteht.Device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that no flow connection from the or one of the separation columns ( 6 . 7 ) of the distillation column system for entry of the cycle compressor ( 27 ) consists.
DE102004046344A 2004-09-24 2004-09-24 A method by which an air stream is separated into oxygen and nitrogen parts has a flow circuit by which no fresh incoming air enters the distillation column Withdrawn DE102004046344A1 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2312247A1 (en) 2009-10-09 2011-04-20 Linde AG Method and device for generating liquid nitrogen from low temperature air separation
DE102013019504A1 (en) 2013-11-21 2015-05-21 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Process for recovering a liquid nitrogen product by cryogenic separation of air and air separation plant
WO2014158214A3 (en) * 2013-03-14 2015-07-02 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method and system for air separation using a supplemental refrigeration cycle

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9291388B2 (en) 2009-06-16 2016-03-22 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method and system for air separation using a supplemental refrigeration cycle
US20160153711A1 (en) * 2009-06-16 2016-06-02 Jeremiah J. Rauch Method and system for air separation using a supplemental refrigeration cycle
EP2312247A1 (en) 2009-10-09 2011-04-20 Linde AG Method and device for generating liquid nitrogen from low temperature air separation
WO2014158214A3 (en) * 2013-03-14 2015-07-02 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method and system for air separation using a supplemental refrigeration cycle
CN105008836A (en) * 2013-03-14 2015-10-28 普莱克斯技术有限公司 Method and system for air separation using a supplemental refrigeration cycle
CN105008836B (en) * 2013-03-14 2017-09-05 普莱克斯技术有限公司 Use the separation air method and system of supplement kind of refrigeration cycle
DE102013019504A1 (en) 2013-11-21 2015-05-21 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Process for recovering a liquid nitrogen product by cryogenic separation of air and air separation plant

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