DE102004040731B4 - Storage and / or transport container - Google Patents

Abstract

Camp- and / or transport containers for bulk goods with a pushing device for pushing out the bulk material from the container, which at least two in the extension direction and in relation to each other. and movable pushers (16, 17), each pusher element (16, 17) is associated with its own drive (23), characterized that the Movement of the individual pusher elements (16, 17) independently by means of its drive (23) is controllable.

Description

The The invention relates to storage and / or transport containers for bulk material, in particular moving floor bunkers, with a pushing device for pushing out the bulk material from the container, which at least two in the extension direction and relative to each other having reciprocable pushers, each pusher a separate drive is assigned.

Such a storage and / or transport container for bulk material, namely a moving floor bunker, is from the EP 0 317 142 A1 known.

Moving floor bunker become common as a cache for bulk used. Of course but they are not limited to this application. Much more can also as a transport container, for example, as an agricultural trailer for silage, as a swap body similar to one Container or as stationary storage containers for all Types of bulk goods, in particular (grass) silage or solid manure, advantageously used become. Movable floor bunkers have the property of being bulk or even in appropriate amounts and time intervals to dose. For example can Moving floor bunker in connection with biogas plants, incinerators, Composting plants or farms (feed silo) be applied. Your task is doing it, in appropriate dosage evenly or in appropriate quantity and time intervals the bulk material stored in them without frequent refill the push floor bunker of the subsequent application, for example a biogas fermenter to feed.

The Indian EP 0 317 142 A1 shown sliding floor bunker has two superimposed, relatively movable ladder-like pushers. Each thrust element are each associated with two pressure medium cylinder. These pressure medium cylinders are driven so that they are reciprocally reciprocated to each other. This movement entails the danger that in the case of strongly fibrillating or entangling bulk material, the bulk material "swings up" and the production process comes to a standstill.

From the DE 44 44 277 A1 is a push floor bunker known in which the sliding floor consists of several extending in the longitudinal direction of the sliding floor bunker, adjacent floor panels. The floor panels have a flat surface and are reciprocable in the extension direction, ie in their longitudinal direction. The floor panels are connected in groups with each other, wherein first all the panels in the direction of the Ausschuböffnung moves out and then first a first group of floor panels and finally the other group of floor panels are moved back. When moving back the bulk material should remain due to the lower resistance of the individual floor panels or the panel groups. This principle is also called "walking floor".

The DE 40 08 287 A1 shows a pusher bunker with two adjacent, ladder-like pushers, which are each driven by a hydraulic cylinder. The pushers and their sprouts work together with firmly mounted on the ground rungs. The movable conveyor elements are alternately reciprocated by means of the hydraulic cylinders. The movement cycle of the left push element and the right push element to each other are not apparent from the Scriptures. Also, it is not disclosed in the document to control the hydraulic cylinders independently.

It is also known, instead of the panels with a flat surface next to each other to use lying ladder-like elements. Sprouts of these elements are designed to be in the extension direction a large Resistance for the bulk material and push it out with it. Point in the opposite direction They only a small resistance, so that the bulk material can glide over it.

adversely in these adjacent panels is that the bulk material only is transported due to friction. Strongly fibrillating / intertwined Bulk goods, like For example, grass silage or solid manure, can cause the flow rate, for example, due of bridge formations, decreases sharply or the promotion even comes to a halt.

at agricultural forage wagons for Grass (silage wagon) is known to be at the bottom of the hay wagon to both longitudinal edges the same each to arrange a revolving chain, the chains are connected by transverse rungs. The Lasttrum becomes over it moved the bottom of the haywagon and the empty strand (return stroke) under passed through the floor. As a result, always the lower layer of hay from the hay wagon is like peeled. This method works quite well as long as the hay is fresh and is dry.

The invention is based on the problem to provide a container and a method for pushing out bulk material from a container, in which or by which the bulk material reliably and at a uniform rate, even in heavily fibrillating / intertwined bulk materials, who pushed that can.

to solution This problem is the storage and / or transport container according to the invention thereby characterized in that Movement of the individual pusher elements independently by means of their Drive is controllable.

According to the invention, it is provided that the drive of a push element independent can be controlled by the drive of the other thrust element. It can therefore freely programmable, different motion cycles are performed. Also the rhythm of the movement of both push elements can always be varied become. Should, contrary to expectations, a bridge form in the bulk material, This can also be resolved by appropriate movement of the pushers. In particular, running a movement cycle so that both first Thrust elements synchronously towards the pouring opening moved, then first the one push element back to the starting position and only then the other push element in its initial position also back is moved. As I said, this movement cycle is suitable for a trouble-free Discharge. Deviations from this are possible on a case-by-case basis. In In any case, the measure according to the invention ensures that bridging best possible be avoided. Any bridges that may form may be through suitable control of the drives can be quickly resolved in a simple manner.

To a constructive development of the invention is the drive for each Push element outside of the container arranged so that he is protected from contamination by the bulk material.

constructive the pushers are preferably designed so that each Push element at least one push rod, in particular two push rods to each longitudinal side of the container, and Having transversely to the direction of extension extending rungs. The sprouts of a push element should be offset to the rungs of the further push element be arranged, possibly resulting forming bridges in bulk tear particularly effectively to let. In this case, a thrust element can rest directly on the container bottom, while the further thrust element to the height of the first thrust element from the tank bottom is spaced, so rests on the first push element.

Around a good loosening of fibrillating / intertwined bulk material to reach or bridges tear, it is beneficial if during a Bewegungszyklusses the sprouts of a push element on the one hand and the rungs of the other pushing element on the other hand via a Movement of the cycle are moved relative to each other. Preferably, this is achieved in that the thrust elements, although common towards the discharge opening be moved towards, first but only the one push element back and during the standstill phase this push element then moves the other push element back becomes.

Around the formation of bridges to further reduce in the case of strongly fibrillating / intertwined bulk material or forming bridges tear, is provided after a training, the sprouts with knives equip, which the bulk material upon movement of the push element, in particular against the extension direction, cut.

in the Within the scope of the invention, the Pusher not be designed with pushers, which are over the entire width of the container extend. Especially with very wide (transverse to the extension direction) containers It may be useful to have several, adjacent columns one above the other arranged to use pushing devices.

The Invention will now be described with reference to the drawing embodiments explained in more detail. It demonstrate:

1 a first embodiment of a container with the features of the invention in vertical section,

2 the container according to 1

3 a pushing element for a container with the features of the invention,

4 A second embodiment of a container with the features of the invention in plan view,

5 a further embodiment of a container with the features of the invention in plan view,

6 the container according to 5 in vertical section.

The in the 1 to 6 shown containers are so-called push floor bunker 10 , They can be stationary for the storage of bulk material, such as garden waste, household waste or feed silages from farms, which are fed metered a fermenter or a combustion used or serve on (trailer) chassis as a transport container.

The push floor bunker 10 has a back wall 11 , a front wall 12 in which there is a discharge opening 13 located, side walls 14 and a floor 15 on. Upstairs is the push floor bunker 10 for filling the same open, but optionally can also be provided with a lid.

On the ground 15 are two superimposed pushers 16 . 17 arranged. The push elements 16 . 17 are in the direction of the ejection opening 13 , ie in the extension direction, and away from it, the lower thrust element 17 on the ground 15 and the upper push element 16 on the lower push element 17 slides.

In 3 is the lower push element 17 shown as an example. It points two to either side of the floor 15 on the side walls 14 along extending push rods 18 on, which by transverse to Ausschubrichtung "rungs" 19 connected to each other. As 2 can be seen, the sprouts slide 19 directly above the ground 15 ,

The upper push element 16 is analogous to the lower push element 17 trained, namely also with push rods 20 and sprouts 21 , However, the sprouts are 21 here over footbridges 22 opposite the push rods 20 offset down so that they are in the same plane as the sprouts 19 of the lower push element 17 are arranged. In the present case, they also slide over the ground 15 , The sprouts 19 and 21 are, as in 1 and 2 recognizable, arranged between each other and equidistant to each other.

As in 1 The sprouts are easy to recognize 19 . 21 in cross-section approximately triangular, namely with the Ausschuböffnung 13 away sloping top. The approximately vertical front side offers so in the ancestor of the thrust element 16 . 17 a good resistance to the bulk material for pushing out the same. When retracting the pushers 16 . 17 Due to the sloping top, the bulk material is good for the sprouts 19 . 21 Slip away, which now represent a low resistance to the bulk material.

Drives for the pushers 16 . 17 are outside the push floor bunker 10 behind the back wall 11 , intended. The push rods 18 . 20 are for this purpose through openings in the back wall 11 passed through the outside and are via pressure cylinder 23 driven back and forth. The push elements 23 are each equipped with their own drive and can be controlled independently of each other. Specifically, a motion cycle is as follows:
First, both push elements 16 and 17 pulled up in the direction of the Ausschuböffnung. Subsequently, initially only one of the two push elements, for example, the upper push element 16 withdrawn, while the other thrust element 17 still resting. Finally, the other thrust element 17 withdrawn, while the first thrust element 16 rests. The movement cycle begins again.

With very strong fiberizing / intertwined bulk material, the sprouts can 19 . 21 additionally be equipped with knives (not shown) whose cutting points backwards on the back wall. The bulk material is characterized during the return stroke of the pushers 16 . 17 cut, while the knife during the pre-stroke, the resistance to the bulk material still increase.

4 shows an analogue push floor bunker 10 , in front of the ejection opening 13 another snail 24 arranged to convey off the ejected bulk material. The snail 24 conveys the bulk material to side.

In the embodiment according to 5 and 6 is still a rice roller for very strong fibers / intertwined bulk material 25 intended.

10

Moving floor bunker

11

rear wall

12

front wall

13

out opening

14

Side wall

15

ground

16

push element

17

push element

18

pushrod

19

rung

20

pushrod

21

rung

22

web

23

Pressure cylinder

24

slug

25

rice roll

Claims (8)

Storage and / or transport container for bulk material with a pushing device for pushing out the bulk material from the container, which at least two in the extension direction and relative to each other back and forth thrust elements ( 16 . 17 ), each thrust element ( 16 . 17 ) a separate drive ( 23 ), characterized in that the movement of the individual pusher elements ( 16 . 17 ) independently by means of their drive ( 23 ) is controllable. Container according to claim 1, characterized in that the pushers ( 16 . 17 ) are led out of the container and a drive ( 23 ) for the pushers ( 16 . 17 ) is arranged outside the container. Container according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each pusher element ( 16 . 17 ) at least one push rod ( 18 . 20 ), in particular two push rods ( 18 . 20 ) to each longitudinal side of the container, and transversely to the Ausschubrichtung extending rungs ( 19 . 21 ), which are offset from one another. Container according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pushers ( 16 . 17 ) are arranged one above the other, such that the one thrust element ( 17 ) on a container bottom ( 14 ) rests and the further thrust element ( 16 ) by the height of the first thrust element ( 17 ) from the container bottom ( 14 ) is spaced. Container according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sprouts ( 21 ) of a pushing element ( 16 ) and the sprouts ( 19 ) of the further thrust element ( 17 ) are moved relative to each other over at least a portion of a cycle of motion. Container according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one of the pusher elements ( 16 . 17 ) is equipped with knives, which the bulk material during movement of the thrust element ( 16 . 17 ), in particular against the Ausschubrichtung cut. container according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the thrust device two or more adjacent columns of one above the other arranged thrust elements is formed. Method for pushing out bulk material from a container ( 10 ) with at least two push elements which can be moved back and forth in the extension direction ( 16 . 17 ), characterized in that the pushers ( 16 . 17 ) together in the direction of a removal opening ( 13 ), then first the one push element ( 16 ) during a standstill of the further push element ( 17 ) moves away from the removal opening and finally the further push element (FIG. 17 ) during the standstill of the first thrust element ( 16 ) is moved back.