DE102004018777A1 - Counter track joint for large bending angles - Google Patents

Abstract

Constant velocity joint in the form of a counter-track joint with the features: DOLLAR A a joint outer part 12 having a longitudinal axis and axially opposite each other a terminal side and an opening side and having the outer ball tracks, DOLLAR A for a first part of the pairs of tracks opens the opening angle between tangents Railway baselines from the connection side to the opening side, DOLLAR A for a second part of the pairs of tracks opens the opening angle between tangents to railway baselines from the opening side to the terminal side, DOLLAR A applies to the centerlines of the second pairs of tracks: DOLLAR A in the outer joint part 12 leaves the center line of the ball tracks in the area from the joint center plane to the connection side, in each case a reference radius, the radius center of which lies at the intersection of a perpendicular on the tangent to the center line of the ball track in the joint center plane and the longitudinal axis, radially inward, DOLLAR A i m inner joint part 13 leaves the center line of the ball tracks in the range from the joint center plane to the opening side each have a reference radius whose radius center is at the intersection of a perpendicular on the tangent to the center line of the ball track in the joint center plane and the longitudinal axis, radially inward, DOLLAR A in Outer joint part 12 moves the center line of the ball tracks in the range from the joint center plane to the opening side beyond said reference radius radially outward and DOLLAR A in the inner joint part 13 migrates the ...

Description

The invention relates to a constant velocity joint in the form of a counter-joint having the features:
an outer joint part having a longitudinal axis L12 and axially opposite to each other a terminal side and an opening side and having outer ball tracks,
an inner joint part having a longitudinal axis L13 and connecting means for a shaft facing the opening side of the outer joint part and having inner ball tracks,
the outer ball tracks and the inner ball tracks form track pairs with each other,
the pairs of tracks each receive a torque-transmitting ball, an annular ball cage sits between the outer joint part and the inner joint part and has circumferentially distributed cage windows, each receiving at least one of the torque-transmitting balls,
the centers of the balls are held by the cage in a joint center plane EM and guided in articulation to the bisecting plane between the longitudinal axes L12, L13,
for a first part of the pairs of tracks, the opening angle α ₁ between tangents T22 ₁ ', T23 ₁ ' opens at the base line, parallel to tangents T22 ₁ , T23 ₁ to the center lines M22 ₁ , M23 _{1 of} the ball tracks in the joint median plane EM with the joint extended with coincident longitudinal axes L12, L13, from the connection side to the opening side, for a second part of the pairs of tracks, the opening angle α ₂ between tangents T22 ₂ ', T23 ₂ ' opens at the track baselines parallel to tangents T22 ₂ , T23 ₂ at the center lines the ball tracks in the Ge steering center plane in the extended joint with coincident longitudinal axes L12, L13 extend, from the opening side to the connection side. The center lines of track pairs are substantially mirror-inverted with respect to the joint median plane EM.

Counter track joints known design have an even number of track pairs. The first half of this Railway pairs opens to opening side of the outer joint part out. The other half this train pair opens to the connection side of the outer joint part out. The pairs of tracks of the first and second type are in the circumferential direction considered alternately arranged. The tracks are on meridian levels R having circumferentially uniform pitch angles of 360 ° / n, where n represents the number of pairs of tracks, e.g. B. 6, 8, 10th

The alternating pairs of tracks are so curved that they have in the joint center plane EM tangent angle α ₁ , α ₂ to the web baseline, which are equal in magnitude, but have different orientation, and the paths of the alternating pairs of tracks are mirrored with respect to the joint center plane.

Known Counter track joints allow only relatively small flexion angles up to 35 °. This is caused by the opening to the connection side of the outer joint part, d. H. to the opening side closing Railway pairs for the necessary mountability of the cage in the outer joint part towards the opening side only relatively short run could be.

From the DE 100 60 220 A1 are known counter track joints, in which for the second pairs of tracks different track shapes are given, which also include Bahnmittellinien with an approximately S-shaped curve with a turning point in the outer joint part and the inner joint part. As Bahnmittellinien the path of the centers of the balls is defined in the ball tracks.

Of the The present invention is based on the object, fixed joints of previously mentioned type with increased To provide bending angles.

A first solution lies in a constant velocity joint in the form of a counter track joint with the features:
an outer joint part having a longitudinal axis L12 and axially opposite to each other a terminal side and an opening side and having outer ball tracks,
an inner joint part having a longitudinal axis L13 and connecting means for a shaft facing the opening side of the outer joint part and having inner ball tracks,
the outer ball tracks and the inner ball tracks form track pairs with each other,
the pairs of trains each receive a torque-transmitting ball,
an annular ball cage sits between the outer joint part and inner joint part and has circumferentially distributed Kä fig window, each receiving at least one of the torque-transmitting balls,
the centers of the balls are held by the cage in a joint center plane and guided at articulation on the bisecting plane between the longitudinal axes,
the center lines M22, M23 of the ball tracks of track pairs lie in radial planes R through the joint,
for a first part of the pairs of orbits, the opening angle α ₁ between tangents T22 ₁ ', T23 ₁ ' opens at the railway base lines parallel to the tangents T22 ₁ , T23 ₁ to the center lines M22 ₁ , M23 _{1 of} the ball tracks in the joint median plane EM at stretched Joint with coincident longitudinal axes L12, L13 extend, from the connection side to the opening side,
for a second part of the pairs of orbits, the opening angle α ₂ between tangents T22 ₂ ', T23 ₂ ' opens at the railway base lines which are parallel to the tangents T22 ₂ , T23 ₂ to the center lines M22 ₂ , M23 _{2 of} the ball tracks in the joint center plane EM Joint with coincident longitudinal axes L12, L13 extend, from the opening side to the terminal side, in this case applies to the center lines of the second pairs of tracks:
in the outer joint part leaves the center line M22 _{2 of} the ball tracks in the range from the joint center plane EM to the connection side in each case a reference radius RB,
whose radius center MB lies at the intersection of a perpendicular on the tangent T22 ₂ to the center line M22 _{2 of} the ball track in the joint center plane EM and the longitudinal axis L12, radially inward,
in the inner joint part leaves the center line M23 _{2 of} the ball tracks in the range from the joint center plane EM to the opening side each have a reference radius RB 'whose radius center MB' at the intersection of a vertical on the tangent T23 ₂ to the center line M23 _{2 of} the ball track in the Gelenkmittelebne EM and the longitudinal axis L13 lies radially inward,
in the outer joint part, the center line M22 _{2 of} the ball tracks in the range from the joint center plane EM to the opening side over the said reference radius RB moves radially outward and
in the inner joint part, the center line M23 _{2 of} the ball tracks in the region of the joint center plane EM to the connection side over the said reference radius RB 'moves radially outward.

With the web form indicated here is an enlargement of the maximum bend angle possible in comparison with known web forms. The former feature, after the center lines leave the reference radii inside, can start immediately at the joint median plane or even insert later, which are progressively increasingly progressive can. The second feature mentioned, according to which the center lines on the Reference radius to the outside wander, close an immediate departure from the reference radius outwards as well like a later one Crossing the reference radius and subsequent migration to the outside.

According to a preferred development, the constant velocity joint is provided with the further features of the second pair of tracks:
in the outer joint part, the local radius R1 of the center line M22 ₂ in the joint center plane EM is smaller than the reference radius RB,
in the inner joint part, the local radius R1 'of the center line M23 ₂ in the joint center plane EM is smaller than the reference radius RB'.

According to a preferred development, the constant velocity joint is provided with the further features of the second pair of tracks:
in the outer joint part, the center line M22 _{2 of} the ball tracks extends from the joint center plane EM to the connection side in each case radially outside a reference radius RZ whose radius center is located in the joint center M, and
in the inner joint part, the center line M23 _{2 of} the ball tracks extends from the joint center plane EM towards the opening side in each case radially outside a reference radius RZ 'whose radius center lies in the joint center point M.

A further advantageous embodiment lies in the further features of the second pairs of tracks:
in the outer joint part, the center line M22 _{2 of} the ball tracks extends from the joint center plane EM to the opening side in each case radially outside of the reference radius RB and
in the inner joint part, the center line M23 _{2 of} the ball tracks extends from the joint center plane EM to the connection side in each case radially outside the reference radius RB '.

In a further embodiment, the following further features are proposed:
in the outer joint part, the center line M22 _{2 of} the ball tracks extends from the joint center plane EM to the opening side in each case radially within a reference radius RZ about the joint center M and
in the inner joint part, the center line M23 _{2 of} the ball tracks extends from the joint center plane EM to the connection side in each case radially within a reference radius RZ 'around the joint center M.

According to a further embodiment, the further features of the second pairs of tracks are proposed:
the center lines M22 ₂ , M23 _{2 of} the outer ball tracks and inner ball tracks each comprise at least two oppositely curved arc sections which adjoin one another in a turning point,
the turning points W22 _{2 of} the outer ball tracks are at a distance from the center plane EM to the opening side,
the inflection points W23 _{2 of} the inner ball tracks are at a distance from the center plane EM to the connection side,
the inflection points W22 ₂ , W23 ₂ are each below a maximum of the distance of the center lines M22 ₂ , M23 ₂ from the longitudinal axes L12, L13.

A concrete embodiment example has the features of the second pairs of tracks:
the track centerlines M22 _{2 of} the outer ball tracks have a first arc of radius R1 whose center point M1 is offset by a first axial offset O1a from the center plane EM of the joint to the terminal side and by a first radial offset O1r from the longitudinal axis L12 outwards Ball track is offset and then to this sheet to the connection side, a second arc with the radius R2, the center M2 is offset by a second axial offset O2a from the median plane of the joint EM to the opening side and a second radial offset O2r, the larger is as the sum of the first radius R1 and the first radial offset O1r, offset from the longitudinal axis L12 to the outside,
the track centerlines M23 _{2 of} the inner ball tracks have a first arc of radius R1 ', the center M1' of which is offset by a first axial offset O1a 'from the center plane EM of the joint to the opening side and a first radial offset O1r' from the longitudinal axis L13 is outwardly offset to the ball track out and then to this arc to the opening side towards a second arc with the radius R2 ', the center is offset by a second axial offset O2a' from the median plane of the joint EM to the connection side and a second radial Offset O2r ', which is greater than the sum of the first radius R1' and the first radial offset O1r ', offset from the longitudinal axis L13 to the outside.

In particular, the further features of the second pairs of tracks are provided here:
the radius of curvature of the center lines M22 of the outer ball tracks decreases in the course from the center plane EM to the terminal side, and the radius of curvature of the center plane M23 of the inner ball tracks decreases in the course from the center plane EM to the opening side.

In particular, the further features of the second pairs of tracks are provided here:
the track centerlines M22 _{2 of} the outer ball tracks have a third arc with the radius R3, which connects tangentially with the same sense of curvature to the first arc with the radius R1 and whose radius R3 is smaller than the radius R1 and
the track centerlines M23 _{2 of} the inner ball tracks have a third arc with the radius R3 ', which connects tangentially with the same sense of curvature to the first arc with the radius R1' and its radius R3 'is smaller than the radius R1'.

In a further embodiment, it is proposed that an axially parallel straight line G3 connects to the second track pairs in the course of the center line M22 _{2 of} the outer ball tracks to the opening side and that in the course of the center line of the inner ball tracks M23 ₂ following the second arc to the connection side, an axis-parallel straight line G3 'connects.

According to an alternative embodiment, it is provided that connects to the second track pairs in the course of the center line M22 _{2 of} the outer ball tracks to the opening side to the second arc an approximately longitudinal axis L12 straight line and that in the course of the center line M23 _{2 of} the inner ball tracks following the second arc to the connection side, a straight line approximating the longitudinal axis L13 connects.

To Another feature is proposed that at the second track pairs the center lines M22, M23 of the ball tracks in the joint center plane Cut EM at an angle of 4 to 32 °, with the tangents T22, T23 to the center lines M22, M23 of the ball tracks of all pairs of trains form an equal opening angle α when the joint is stretched.

In this case, first pairs of tracks and second pairs of tracks are preferably arranged alternately over the circumference. The radial planes R1 of the first pairs of tracks and the radial planes R2 of the second pairs of tracks can in this case have in the circumferential direction in particular equal pitch angles. In special execution it can be provided that the courses of the first pairs of tracks and the second pairs of tracks are not symmetrical with respect to the joint center plane EM. In particular, the first pairs of tracks may be formed undercut-free, as viewed in the joint pairs of UF joints, viewed from the joint opening side.

According to a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the rolling circle radius PCR _{1 of} the balls of the first pair of tracks is smaller than the pitch circle radius PCR _{2 of} the balls of the second pairs of tracks.

A second solution consists in a constant velocity joint in the form of a fixed joint with the features:
an outer joint part having a longitudinal axis L12 and axially opposite to each other a terminal side and an opening side and having outer ball tracks,
an inner joint part having a longitudinal axis L13 and connecting means for a shaft facing the opening side of the outer joint part and having inner ball tracks,
the outer ball tracks and the inner ball tracks form track pairs with each other,
the pairs of trains each receive a torque-transmitting ball,
an annular ball cage sitting between the outer joint part and the inner joint part and has circumferentially distributed cage windows, each receiving at least one of the torque-transmitting balls,
the centers of the balls are held by the cage in a joint center plane EM and guided in articulation to the bisecting plane between the longitudinal axes L12, L13,
the center lines M22, M23 of the ball tracks of track pairs lie in pairs of track planes BE, BE * which run parallel to one another and symmetrically to radial planes R1, R2 through the longitudinal axes L12, L13,
for a first part of the pairs of orbits opens the opening angle α, between tangents T22 ₁ ', T23 ₁ ' to baseline webs parallel to tangents T22 ₁ , T23 ₂ to the center lines M22 ₁ , M23 _{1 of} the ball tracks in the joint median plane EM in the extended joint with coincident longitudinal axes L12, L13 extend from the connection side to the opening side,
for a second part of the pairs of orbits, the opening angle α ₂ between tangents T22 ₂ ', T23 ₂ ' opens at the railway base lines parallel to tangents T22 ₂ , T23 ₂ to the center lines M22 ₂ , M23 _{2 of} the ball tracks in the joint median plane EM with the joint extended run with coincident longitudinal axes L12, L13, from the opening side to the terminal side, in this case applies to the center lines of the second pairs of tracks
in the outer joint part leaves the center line M22 _{2 of} the ball tracks in the range from the joint center plane EM to the connection side each have a reference radius RB, the radius center MBE at the intersection of a perpendicular on the tangent T22 ₂ to the center line M22 _{2 of} the ball track in the joint median plane EM and a parallel axis PE, PE * to the longitudinal axis L12 through a web plane BE, BE *, radially inward,
in the inner joint part leaves the center line M23 _{2 of} the ball tracks in the range from the joint center plane EM to the opening side each have a reference radius RB ', the radius center MBE' at the intersection of a vertical on the tangent T23 ₂ to the center line M23 _{2 of} the ball track in the joint median plane EM and a parallel axis PE, PE * to the longitudinal axis L13 through a web plane BE, BE *, radially inward,
in the outer joint part, the center line M22 _{2 of} the ball tracks in the range from the joint center plane EM to the opening side over the said reference radius RB moves radially outward and
in the inner joint part, the center line M23 _{2 of} the ball tracks in the region of the joint center plane EM to the connection side over the said reference radius RB 'moves radially outward.

The herewith proposed solution differs from the former, where the centerlines of Track pairs lie in radial planes through the central axes of the joint, in that in present case, the centerlines of pairs of trains each two adjacent balls in two parallel and symmetrical and web planes BE arranged parallel to a radial plane R, BE *, lost. The radial plane R is through as in the first solution the longitudinal axes L12, L13 defined with the joint extended. At basically the same Web shape as in the first solution However, the web shapes in the second solution refer to parallel axes PE, PE *, which lie in a plane perpendicular to the radial plane R. Reference plane EX through the longitudinal axes L12, L13, as well as reference centers ME, on the said parallel axes PE, PE * and at the intersection of the parallel axes with the joint center plane EM lie.

A third solution consists in a constant velocity universal joint in the form of a fixed joint with the features:
an outer joint part having a longitudinal axis L12 and axially opposite to each other a terminal side and an opening side and having outer ball tracks,
an inner joint part having a longitudinal axis L13 and connecting means for a shaft facing the opening side of the outer joint part and having inner ball tracks,
the outer ball tracks and the inner ball tracks form track pairs with each other,
the pairs of trains each receive a torque-transmitting ball,
an annular ball cage sitting between the outer joint part and the inner joint part and has circumferentially distributed cage windows, each receiving at least one of the torque-transmitting balls,
the centers of the balls are held by the cage in a joint center plane EM and guided in articulation to the bisecting plane between the longitudinal axes L12, L13,
the center lines M22 ₁ , M22 _{2 of} adjacent ball tracks in the outer joint part lie in pairs of first track planes BE, BE *, which run parallel to one another and symmetrically to radial rays RS1, RS2 through the joint center M,
the center lines M23 ₁ , M23 _{2 of} adjacent ball tracks in the inner joint part lie in pairs of second track planes BE ', BE *' which run parallel to one another and symmetrically to radial rays RS1, RS2 through the joint center M,
the first track planes BE, BE * and the second track planes BE ', BE *' form, with radial planes R1, R2 through the longitudinal axes L12, L13, equal, opposite angles γ, γ ',
for a first part of the pairs of tracks, the opening angle α ₁ between tangents T22 ₁ ', T23 ₁ ' opens at the base line, parallel to tangents T22 ₁ , T23 ₁ to the center lines M22 ₁ , M23 _{1 of} the ball tracks in the joint median plane EM with the joint extended with coincident longitudinal axes L12, L13 extend from the connection side to the opening side,
for a second part of the pairs of orbits, the opening angle α ₂ between tangents T22 ₂ ', T23 ₂ ' opens at the railway base lines parallel to tangents T22 ₂ , T23 ₂ to the center lines M22 ₂ , M23 _{2 of} the ball tracks in the joint median plane EM with the joint extended run with coincident longitudinal axes L12, L13, from the opening side to the terminal side, in this case applies to the center lines of the second pairs of tracks
in the outer joint part leaves the center line M22 _{2 of} the ball tracks in the range from the joint center plane EM to the connection side each have a reference radius RB, the radius center MBE at the intersection of a perpendicular on the tangent T22 ₂ to the center line M22 _{2 of} the ball track in the joint median plane EM and a reference axis PE, PE * through a web plane BE, BE *, radially inward,
in the inner joint part leaves the center line M23 _{2 of} the ball tracks in the range from the joint center plane EM to the opening side each have a reference radius RB ', the radius center MBE' at the intersection of a vertical on the tangent T23 ₂ to the center line M23 _{2 of} the ball track in the joint median plane EM and a reference axis PE ', PE *' through a web plane BE ', BE *', radially inward,
in the outer joint part, the center line M22 _{2 of} the ball tracks in the range from the joint center plane EM to the opening side over the said reference radius RB moves radially outward and
in the inner joint part, the center line M23 _{2 of} the ball tracks in the region of the joint center plane EM to the connection side over the said reference radius RB 'moves radially outward.

To The third solution proposed hereby extend the center lines of pairs of tracks each two adjacent balls in the outer part in two mutually parallel planes BE, BE *, which are symmetrical and parallel to a reference plane EB through the joint center, the with a radial plane one in a plane perpendicular to the radial plane forms lying second reference plane EX lying angle γ, and in the inner part in two mutually parallel planes BE ', BE *', the symmetrical and run parallel to a reference plane EB 'through the joint center, those with a radial plane one in a plane perpendicular to the radial plane lying second reference plane EX lying angle γ 'forms. The named Radial plane R is like the second solution through the longitudinal axes L12, L13 defined with the joint extended. At basically the same Web shape as in the second alternative, the web forms refer in the third solution, however on pairs parallel axes in the inner joint part and in the outer joint part, which cross in pairs and those in one on the radial plane R lying second reference plane EX through the longitudinal axes L12, L13 and reference centers, which refer to the parallel axes and at the intersection of the parallel axes with the joint center plane EM lie.

joints according to the second and third solutions described herewith one by two divisible number of pairs of tracks, if only each one lane lies in each orbit plane BE, BE *, BE ', BE *'. They have one divisible by four Number of track pairs, if in each of the track planes BE, BE *, BE ', BE *' two are essentially opposing Path pairs of mutually symmetrical shape lie.

As explained above, correspond to the other embodiments of joints after the second and third solution under change the corresponding reference locations substantially the embodiments of the hinge after the first solution. This results in the following.

A first advantageous embodiment comprises the further features of the second pairs of tracks:
in the outer joint part, the local radius R1 of the center line M22 ₂ in the joint center plane EM is smaller than the reference radius RB,
in the inner joint part of the local radius R1 'of the center line M23 ₂ in the joint center plane EM is smaller than that Reference radius RB '.

A first advantageous embodiment comprises the further features of the second pairs of tracks:
in the outer joint part, the center line M22 _{2 of} the ball tracks extends from the joint center plane EM to the connection side radially outward of a reference radius RZ whose radius center is located in the joint center plane EM on one of the parallel axes PE, PE *, and
in the inner joint part, the center line M23 _{2 of} the ball tracks extends from the joint center plane EM to the opening side, respectively, radially outside a reference radius RZ 'whose radius center lies in the joint center plane EM on one of the parallel axes PE, PE *, PE', PE * '.

Another favorable embodiment is characterized by the further features:
in the outer joint part, the center line M22 _{2 of} the ball tracks extends from the joint center plane EM to the opening side in each case radially outside of the reference radius RB and
in the inner joint part, the center line M23 _{2 of} the ball tracks extends from the joint center plane EM to the connection side in each case radially outside the reference radius RB '.

Furthermore, the further features for the second pairs of tracks are proposed:
in the outer joint part, the center line M22 _{2 of} the ball tracks extends from the joint center plane EM towards the opening side in each case radially within a reference radius RZ whose radius center lies in the joint center plane EM on one of the parallel axes PE, PE *,
in the inner joint part, the center line M23 _{2 of} the ball tracks extends from the joint center plane EM to the connection side radially within a reference radius RZ 'whose radius center is located in the joint center plane EM on one of the parallel axes PE, PE *, PE', PE * '.

Another proposal concerns the characteristics of the second pairs of trains:
the center lines M22 ₂ , M23 _{2 of} the outer ball tracks and inner ball tracks each comprise at least two oppositely curved arc sections which adjoin one another in a turning point,
the turning points W22 _{2 of} the outer ball tracks lie in a track plane BE, BE * at a distance from the median plane EM to the opening side,
the turning points W23 _{2 of} the inner ball tracks lie in a track plane BE, BE *, BE ', BE *' at a distance from the center plane EM to the connection side,
the inflection points W22 ₂ , W23 ₂ lie below a maximum of the distance of the center lines M22 ₂ , M23 ₂ from the parallel axes PE, PE *, PE ', PE *'.

A concrete embodiment has the characteristics of the second pairs of tracks on the track centerlines M22 _{2 of} the outer ball tracks have a first arc with the radius R1, the center M1 in a web plane BE, BE * by a first axial offset O1a from the center plane EM of the joint to the terminal side is offset and offset by a first radial offset O1r from a parallel axis PE, PE * to the outside, and then to this arc to the connection side, a second arc with the radius R2, the center M2 in the orbital plane BE, BE * a second axial offset O2a is offset from the center plane EM of the joint to the opening side and by a second radial offset O2r, which is greater than the sum of the first radius R1 and the first radial offset O1r, from the parallel axis PE, PE * after offset on the outside, the track centerlines M23 _{2 of} the inner ball tracks have a first arc with the radius R1 ', the center M 1 'in a web plane BE, BE *, BE', BE * 'is offset by a first axial offset O1a' from the center plane EM of the joint to the opening side and by a first radial offset from a parallel axis PE, PE *, PE ''PE*' is outwardly offset, and then to this arc to the opening side towards a second arc with the radius R2 'whose center M2' in the web plane BE, BE *, BE ', BE *' by a second axial offset O2a 'is offset from the center plane EM of the joint to the connection side and by a second radial offset O2r', which is greater than the sum of the first radius R1 'and the first radial offset O1r', from the parallel axis PE, PE *, PE ', PE *' offset outwards.

Another proposal includes the features of the second pairs of trains:
the radius of curvature of the center lines M22 of the outer ball tracks decreases in the course from the center plane EM to the terminal side, and the radius of curvature of the center plane M23 of the inner ball tracks decreases in the course from the center plane EM to the opening side.

Another proposal includes the features of the second pairs of trains:
the web centerlines of the outer ball tracks 22 ₂ have a third arc with the radius R3, which connects tangentially with the same sense of curvature to the first arc with the radius R1 and its radius R3 is smaller than the radius R1 and
the track centerlines M23 _{2 of} the inner ball tracks have a third arc with the radius R3 ', which connects tangentially with the same sense of curvature to the first arc with the radius R1' and its radius R3 'is smaller than the radius R1'.

Farther it is suggested that at the second track pairs in the course of the center line M22 of the outer ball tracks to the opening side connected to the second arc an axis-parallel straight line G3 and that in the Course of the center line M23 of the inner ball tracks following the second arc to the connection side towards an axially parallel straight line G3 'connects.

According to an alternative embodiment, it is provided that connects to the second track pairs in the course of the center line M22 _{2 of} the outer ball tracks to the opening side to the second arc a parallel axis PE, PE 'approaching straight line and that in the course of the center line M23 _second the inner ball tracks in the connection to the second arc to the connection side is followed by a straight line approximating the parallel axis PE, PE *, PE ', PE *'.

Also here it can be provided that at the second track pairs the center lines M22, M23 of the ball tracks in the joint median plane EM at an angle of 4 to 32 °, wherein the tangents T22, T23 to the center lines M22, M23 of the ball tracks all pairs of tracks form an equal opening angle α when the joint is stretched.

One Joint of the form described herein preferably includes one through four divisible number of pairs of tracks. In this case, it is provided in particular that each the balls of two adjacent pairs of tracks lying in parallel track planes BE, BE ' in a common cage window of the ball cage be recorded.

As already explained above, can the track planes BE, BE * after the second solution parallel to the longitudinal axes L12, L13 and the course levels BE, BE *, BE ', BE *' after the third solution at a helix angle γ, γ 'to the longitudinal axes L12, L13 are lost.

In preferred embodiment is provided that the Pitch angle 2φ between the railway pairs, their balls in a common cage window are less than the pitch angle between adjacent pairs of tracks, their balls in different cage windows are included.

in this connection can between the helix angle γ and the Pitch angle 2φ the Relationship γ = α / 2 · tanφ exist, where α / 2 the path inclination angle or half the opening angle is.

Farther it is suggested that two immediately adjacent pairs of tracks one of the first Railway pairs and one is designed as a second pair of tracks. In addition to this can be provided that of two lying in a web plane pairs of trains as a first pair of trains and one is formed as a second pair of tracks, d. H. two themselves essentially radially opposite one another Open tracks on the one hand to the opening side and on the other to the connection side out.

The The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, the preferred embodiments of joints according to the invention in comparison with a joint according to the prior art.

It demonstrate

• a) im Querschnitt
• b) im Längsschnitt gemäß der Schnittlinie A-A
• c) im Längsschnitt gemäß der Schnittlinie B-B;

1 an inventive joint after the first solution

• a) in cross-section
• b) in longitudinal section along the section line AA
• c) in longitudinal section along the section line BB;

• a) im Querschnitt
• b) im Längsschnitt gemäß der Schnittlinie A-C
• c) im Längsschnitt gemäß der Schnittlinie B-B;

2 an inventive joint according to the second solution

• a) in cross-section
• b) in longitudinal section along the section line AC
• c) in longitudinal section along the section line BB;

• a) im Querschnitt
• b) im Längsschnitt gemäß der Schnittlinie A-A;

3 an inventive joint after 2 the third solution

• a) in cross-section
• b) in longitudinal section along the section line AA;

• a) im Querschnitt
• b) im Längsschnitt durch eine Bahnebene
• c) im Längsschnitt durch ein Kugelpaar;

4 shows geometric relationships on a ball pair of a joint 3

• a) in cross-section
• b) in longitudinal section through a web plane
• c) in longitudinal section through a pair of balls;

• a) für das Gelenkaußenteil
• b) für das Gelenkinnenteil;

5 the longitudinal axes and the track centerlines of the second webs of a joint according to the invention in a first embodiment

• a) for the outer joint part
• b) for the inner joint part;

• a) für das Gelenkaußenteil
• b) für das Gelenkinnenteil.

6 the longitudinal axes and the track centerlines of the second webs of a joint according to the invention in a second embodiment

• a) for the outer joint part
• b) for the inner joint part.

The 1a to 1c will be described together below. A joint 11 includes an outer joint part 12 , an inner joint part 13 , six torque transmitting balls 14 , as well as a ball cage 15 , The cage has a spherical outer surface 16 , which is guided in the outer joint part and a spherical cage inner surface 17 , which is guided on the inner joint part, said second contact is not mandatory. The balls 14 are in circumferentially distributed cage windows 18 in the ball cage 15 held in a joint center plane EM. At the outer joint part 12 is a longitudinal axis L12 denotes at the inner joint part a longitudinal axis L13. The intersection of the longitudinal axes L12, L13 with the joint center plane EM forms the joint center M. The outer joint part 12 has a floor 19 on, for example, can pass into a terminal pin, and an opening 20 into which a pin which can be connected to the inner joint part can be inserted. For this purpose, the inner joint part 13 an insertion opening 21 on. The location of the soil 19 hereinafter referred to as the axial direction "to the terminal side", the position of the opening 20 is further referred to as the axial direction "to the opening side." These terms are also used with respect to the inner race member, disregarding the actual connection of a shaft to the inner race member.

Starting from the median plane EM, for the maximum flexion angle β _{max of} the inner joint part 13 opposite the outer joint part 12 the ball contact angle β _max / 2 drawn in both directions. About the circumference are alternately first pairs of tracks 22 ₁ . 23 ₁ with first balls 14 ₁ and second pairs of trains 22 ₂ . 23 ₂ with second balls 14 ₂ intended. The shape of the first pairs of trains 22 ₁ . 23 ₁ is taken from the section AA, the shape of the second pairs of tracks 22 ₂ . 22 ₃ the cut BB. The first balls 14 ₁ have contact with first outer ball tracks 22 ₁ in the outer joint part and first inner ball tracks 23 ₁ in the inner joint part. The center lines M22 ₁ , M23 _{1 of} these tracks are designed in the manner of UF tracks and are composed of a circular arc and a tangential connecting straight line. In the extended position shown, the tangents T22 ₁ ', T23 ₁ ' form the balls 14 , in the contact points with the tracks 22 ₁ . 23 ₁ an opening angle α ₁ , which opens to the opening side. The second balls 14 ₂ are in outer ball tracks 22 ₂ in the outer joint part and inner ball tracks 23 ₂ guided in the inner joint part. The balls 14 ₂ are shown with contact in the track base of the ball tracks, which need not necessarily be given. In the extended position shown, the tangents T22 ₂ ', T23 ₂ ' form on the balls 14 ₂ in the contact points with the tracks 22 ₂ . 23 ₂ an opening angle α ₂ , which opens to the connection side. For the description of the ball tracks 22 . 23 will be further referred to the center lines M22 ₂ , M23 _{2 of} the ball tracks. In the median plane EM tangents T22 ₂ , T23 _{2 are drawn} at the center lines, which are parallel to the aforementioned tangents T22 ₂ ', T23 ₂ '. The angle α ₂ between said tangents T22 ₂ , T23 ₂ is between 4 and 32 °.

It can be seen in detail that each pair of tracks with its center lines M22, M23 in a radial plane R ₁ , R _{2 is} through the joint, that these radial planes R have the same angular distance from each other and that in each case a ball 14 from a cage window 18 in the ball cage 15 is recorded.

The 2a to 2c will be described together below. It is a joint 11 in a respect to the execution according to 1 modified version shown. The same details are nonetheless denoted by the same reference numerals as in FIGS 1a to 1c designated. An inventive joint 11 In this second embodiment comprises ball tracks 22 . 23 , which lie in orbit BE, BE *, in pairs symmetrical to radial planes R are arranged through the joint. In the illustration b, an angled section is shown after the section line AA, which is on the one hand by the web plane BE and a first pair of webs 22 ₁ . 23 ₁ with a first ball 14 ₁ and on the other hand passes through a radial plane between two pairs of tracks. In the illustration c, a bent section is shown after the section line BB, on the one hand by a web plane BE * and a second web pair with second ball tracks 22 ₂ . 23 ₂ and on the other hand passes through a radial plane between two pairs of tracks. Over the circumference pairs of pairs of tracks are visible, each one a first pair of tracks 22 ₁ . 23 ₁ and a second track pair 22 ₂ . 23 ₂ include and in a common cage window 18 are held. The pitch angle of these pairs of track pairs is less than between two adjacent track pairs that do not belong to a pair of track pairs. First pairs of tracks and second pairs of tracks alternate in the version shown here over the circumference.

As can be seen in illustration b, the first balls are 14 ₁ in first pairs of tracks from outer tracks 22 ₁ and inner tracks 23 ₁ guided, which are designed in the manner of the tracks of UF joints. That is, the center lines M22, M23 of these pairs of tracks are composed of radii and tangential straight lines adjoining them. Tangents T22 ₁ ', T23 ₁ ' to the balls in the tracks form a first opening angle α ₁ , which opens to the opening side of the outer joint part.

In the representation c is a second sphere 14 ₂ recognizable in the second outer ball tracks 22 ₂ and second inner ball tracks 23 ₂ is held. Tangents T22 ₂ ', T23 ₂ ' to the balls 14 ₂ form an opening angle α ₂ with each other, which opens to the connection side of the outer joint part. With regard to the trajectory, reference will now be made to the center lines M22 ₂ , M23 ₂ . In the joint median plane EM tangents T22 ₂ intersect, 23 ₂ to the center line M22 ₂ , M23 ₂ below the already mentioned angle α ₂ .

The track planes BE, BE * contain parallel axes PE, PE * to the longitudinal axes in the smallest distance, thus forming lines of intersection between the track planes and a plane perpendicular to the corresponding radial plane R1, R2 reference plane EX1, EX2. On the parallel axes PE, PE * lie track centers ME, ME * at the shortest distance to the joint center M. If four pairs of tracks symmetrically to three or four radial planes R are arranged with mutually equal pitch angle, joints with twelve or sixteen pairs of tracks arise 22 . 23 and twelve or sixteen balls, respectively 14 , Corresponding to the illustration a, the center ME1, ME1 * shown in the illustrations b and c is not the joint center, but the center of the path in one of the web planes BE1, BE1 *.

The 3a and 3b will be described together below. The representation a corresponds in principle to the representation a 2 However, here is a section line AA is placed parallel to a reference plane EX1 through the balls of a pair of track pairs. In illustration b, a first reference plane EB for outer ball tracks is shown, which is perpendicular to said reference plane EX1 and contains a radial ray RS through the joint center point M. This reference plane EB forms with a radial plane R through the longitudinal axes L12, L13 a helix angle γ. Parallel to the reference plane EB lie the web levels BE and BE *, in which run the center lines of the outer ball tracks of a pair of tracks. In the illustration b, a first reference plane EB 'for inner ball tracks is also shown, which is also perpendicular to said reference plane EX1 and contains the radial beam RS through the joint center M. This reference plane EB 'forms with the radial plane R through the longitudinal axes L12, L13 a helix angle γ' which is equal to and opposite to γ. Parallel to the reference plane EB 'are track planes BE', BE * ', in which the center lines of the inner ball tracks of a pair of tracks run. The center lines of each pair of tracks intersect in the joint median plane EM.

The 4a to 4c will be described together below. In representation a is a cross section through a lying in the joint center plane ball assembly of four pairs of balls 14 ₁ . 14 ₂ similar 3 shown. The pitch angle between the balls 14 ₁ . 14 ₂ of a pair of balls and the intermediate radial plane R1 is φ ₀ or φ ₀ '. The ball tracks have a distance from a reference plane EX1, which corresponds to the pitch circle radius PCR multiplied by the cosine of φ ₀ . The vertical distance of the balls of a pair of balls from said radial plane R1 is denoted by a. The marked web levels BE ₁ , BE ₁ * are representative of the passage of the web levels BE, BE * of the outer ball tracks and for the passage of the web levels BE ', BE *' of the inner ball tracks through the joint center plane.

In the illustration b is in section through one of the web levels BE ₁ , BE ₁ * the web opening angle between the tangents T22, T23 to the web centerlines of a second pair of webs with α2, wherein the indicated angle leg tangents T22 ', T23' to the web baseline of Train. α2 / 2 thus corresponds to half the opening angle or the web inclination angle.

In the representation c is a pair of balls 14 ₁ . 14 ₂ with the outer track planes EB, EB * and the inner track planes EB ', EB *' shown. The Durchdringungspunkte D1, D2 of Bahntangenten shown in illustration b are also shown.

The following derivation applies to the ideal case that the mentioned Bahnentangenten T22, T23 the radial planes R in the axes Penetrate L12, L13, d. H. the penetration points D1 and D2 lie on the longitudinal axes L12, L13.

für kleine Winkel α2 / 2 und gilt die Näherung

The following relationships apply:

for small angles α2 / 2 and the approximation applies

In 5a is the track centerline M22 of an outer ball track running parallel to a track base line 22 after one of the 1 to 3 shown. The center line M22 of a web in the outer part is composed of a first radius R1 about a center M1 with the first axial offset O1a and a radial offset O1r and a second radius R2 with a second axial offset O2a and a second radial offset O2r. The transition is indicated by a turning point W22. The second radius R2 is adjoined tangentially by a straight line G3 parallel to the axis L12, PE, PE *. In the center plane EM, the tangent T22 and the center line M22 is shown, which intersects a longitudinal axis L12, PE, PE * at the angle α / 2. A perpendicular on the tangent T22 intersects the longitudinal axis L12, PE; PE * in the reference center MB, MBE of a reference radius RB. Another reference radius RZ is applied around the track center M, ME. Left of the center plane EM to the connection side 19 the center line M22 extends within the radius RB and outside the radius RZ. Right of the center plane EM to the opening side 20 the center line M22 extends substantially outside the radius RB. The radial ball movement of a ball on its way along the ball track with respect to the track center M, ME is denoted by e. This corresponds to the minimum thickness of the ball cage in the area of the cage windows, with a safety margin being required to avoid edge beams.

In 5b are the web centerlines M23 of the associated inner ball tracks running parallel to the web base lines 23 after one of the 1 to 3 shown. The midline M23 of a railway 23 in the inner part 13 is composed of a first radius R1 'about a center M1' and a second radius R2 'about a center M2' together. The transition is indicated by a turning point W23. The second radius R2 'is adjoined by a straight line G3' parallel to the axis L13, PE *, PE *, PE ', PE *'. In this case, the center M1 'has an axial offset O1a' and a radial offset O1r ', and the center M2' has an axial offset O2a 'and a radial offset O2r'. In the center plane EM, the tangent T23 is drawn on the center line M23, which intersects a longitudinal axis L13, PE, PE *, PE ', PE *' at the angle α / 2. A perpendicular on the tangent T23 intersects the longitudinal axis L13, PE; PE *, PE ', PE *' in the reference center MB ', MBE 'of a reference radius RB'. Another reference radius RZ 'is plotted around the web center M, ME. Right from the center plane EM to the opening side 20 the center line M23 runs within the radius RB 'and outside the radius RZ'. Left of the center plane EM to the connection side 19 the center line M23 runs at least predominantly outside the radius RB '. The radial ball movement of a ball on its way along the ball track with respect to the track center M, ME is denoted by e. The two center lines M22, M23 the 5a . 5b intersect in the joint center plane EM at the angle α and run mirror-symmetrically to this center plane.

In 6a is the track centerline M22 of an outer ball track running parallel to a track base line 22 shown in a modified embodiment. The center line M22 of a web in the outer part consists of a first radius R1 about a center M1 with the first axial offset 01a and a radial offset O1r and a second radius R2 with a second axial offset O2a and a second radial offset O2r and a third radius R3, which is opposite to the radius R2 to the radius R1, smaller than this radius R1 and is curved in the same sense, the position of its center M3 is not measured closer together. The transition between the first and second radius is indicated by a turning point W22. The second radius R2 is adjoined tangentially by a straight line G3 parallel to the axis L12, PE, PE *. In the center plane EM, the tangent T22 and the center line M22 is shown, which intersects a longitudinal axis L12, PE, PE * at the angle α / 2. A perpendicular on the tangent T22 intersects the longitudinal axis L12, PE; PE * in the reference center MB, MBE of a reference radius RB. Another reference radius is plotted around the track center M, ME. Left of the middle plane to the connection side 19 the center line M22 extends within the radius RB and outside the radius RZ. Right from the center plane EM to the opening side 20 the center line M22 runs predominantly outside the radius RB. The radial ball movement of a ball on its way along the ball track with respect to the track center M, ME is denoted by e. This corresponds to the minimum thickness of the ball cage in the area of the cage windows, with a safety margin being required to avoid edge beams.

In 6b are the web centerlines M23 of the associated inner ball tracks running parallel to the web base lines 23 shown in a modified embodiment. The midline M23 of a railway 23 in the inner part 13 is composed of a first radius R1 'about a center M1', a second radius R2 'about a center M2' and a third radius R3 ', which is opposite to the radius R2' to the radius R1 ', smaller than this radius R1 is curved and in the same sense, together. The second radius R2 'is adjoined by a straight line G3' parallel to the axis L13, PE *, PE *, PE ', PE *'. Here, the center M1 'has an axial offset O1a' and a radial offset O1r 'and the center point M2' has an axial offset O2a 'and a radial offset O2r'. The position of the center M3 'is not measured in detail. In the center plane EM, the tangent T23 is drawn on the center line M23, which intersects a longitudinal axis L13, PE, PE *, PE ', PE *' at the angle α / 2. A perpendicular on the tangent T23 intersects the longitudinal axis L12, PE; PE *, PE '; PE * 'in the reference center MB', MBE 'of a reference radius RB'. Another reference radius RZ 'is plotted around the web center M, ME. Right from the center plane EM to the opening side 20 the center line M23 extends within the radius RB 'and outside the radius RZ'. Left of the center plane EM to the connection side 19 the center line M23 runs predominantly outside the radius RB '. The radial ball movement of a ball on its way along the ball track with respect to the track center M, ME is denoted by e. The two center lines M22, M23 the 6a . 6b intersect in the joint center plane EM at the angle α and run mirror-symmetrically to this center plane.

11

joint

12

Outer race

13

Inner race

14

Bullet

15

Cage

16

Cage outer surface

17

Cage inner surface

18

cage window

19

ground

20

opening

21

insertion

22

outer ball track

23

inner ball track

24

track base (outer ball track)

25

track base (inner ball track)

26

track flank

27

track flank

EM

Joint plane

L12

longitudinal axis outer part

L13

longitudinal axis inner part

M22

Centerline track 22

M23

Centerline track 23

Claims (47)

Constant velocity joint in the form of a counter track joint having the features: an outer joint part ( 12 ) having a longitudinal axis (L12) and axially opposite to each other has a terminal side and an opening side and the outer ball tracks ( 22 ), an inner joint part ( 13 ), which has a longitudinal axis (L13) and connection means for a to the opening side of the outer joint part ( 12 ) pointing shaft and the inner ball tracks ( 23 ), the outer ball tracks ( 22 ) and the inner ball tracks ( 23 ) form track pairs ( 22 . 23 ), the pairs of tracks each take a torque-transmitting ball ( 14 ), an annular ball cage ( 15 ) sits between outer joint part ( 12 ) and inner joint part ( 13 ) and has circumferentially distributed cage windows ( 18 ), each receiving at least one of the torque-transmitting balls, the centers of the balls ( 14 ) are removed from the cage ( 15 held in a joint center plane (EM) and guided in articulation to the bisecting plane between the longitudinal axes (L12, L13), the center lines (M22, M23) of the ball tracks ( 22 . 23 ) of pairs of tracks lie in radial planes (R) through the joint, for a first part of the pairs of tracks, the opening angle α ₁ between tangents (T22 ₁ ', T23 ₁ ') opens at baseline, which runs parallel to the tangents (T22 ₁ , T23 ₁ ) to the center lines (M22 ₁ , M23 ₁ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₁ . 23 ₁ ) in the joint center plane (EM) in the extended joint with coincident longitudinal axes (L12, L13), from the connection side to the opening side, for a second part of the pairs of tracks opens the opening angle α ₂ between tangents (T22 ₂ ', T23 ₂ ') Track baselines parallel to the tangents (T22 ₂ , T23 ₂ ) to the centerlines (M22 ₂ , M23 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ . 23 ₂ ) extend in the joint median plane (EM) in the extended joint with coincident longitudinal axes (L12, L13), from the opening side to the terminal side, in this case applies to the center lines of the second pairs of tracks: in the outer joint part ( 12 ) leaves the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) in the range from the joint center plane (EM) to the connection side in each case a reference radius (RB) whose radius center (MB) at the intersection of a vertical on the tangents (T22 ₂ ) to the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball track ( 22 ₂ ) in the joint center plane (EM) and the longitudinal axis (L12) lies, radially inwardly, in the inner joint part ( 13 ) leaves the center line (M23 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) in the range from the joint center plane (EM) to the opening side in each case a reference radius (RB ') whose radius center (MB') at the intersection of a perpendicular on the tangents (T23 ₂ ) to the center line (M23 ₂ ) of the ball track ( 23 ₂ ) in the Gelenkmittelebne (EM) and the longitudinal axis (L13), radially inwardly, in the outer joint part ( 12 ) moves the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) in the region from the joint center plane (EM) to the opening side beyond said reference radius (RB) radially outwards and in the inner joint part ( 13 ) moves the center line (M23 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) in the region from the joint center plane (EM) to the connection side beyond said reference radius (RB ') radially outwards. Constant velocity joint according to claim 1 with the further characteristics of the second pair of tracks: in the outer joint part ( 12 ), the local radius of curvature (R1) of the center line (M22 ₂ ) in the joint center plane (EM) is smaller than the reference radius (RB), in the inner joint part (FIG. 13 ), the local radius of curvature (R1 ') of the center line (M23 ₂ ) in the joint center plane (EM) is smaller than the reference radius (RB'). Constant velocity joint according to one of claims 1 or 2 with the further features of the second pair of tracks: in the outer joint part ( 12 ) runs the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the connection side in each case radially outside a reference radius (RZ) whose radius center lies in the joint center (M), and in the inner joint part ( 13 ) the center line (M23 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the opening side in each case radially outside a reference radius (RZ ') whose radius center lies in the joint center point (M). Joint according to one of claims 1 to 3 with the further features of the second pairs of tracks: in the outer joint part ( 12 ) runs the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the opening side in each case radially outside the reference radius (RB) and in the inner joint part ( 13 ) runs the center line of the ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the terminal side, respectively, radially outwardly of the reference radius (RB '). Constant velocity joint according to one of claims 1 to 4 with the further features of the second pair of tracks: in the outer joint part ( 12 ) runs the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the opening side in each case radially within a reference radius (RZ) about the joint center (M) and in the inner joint part ( 13 ) the center line (M23 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the terminal side, respectively radially within a reference radius (RZ ') about the joint center (M). Constant velocity joint according to one of claims 1 to 5 with the characteristics of the second pairs of tracks: the center lines (M22 ₂ , M23 ₂ ) of the outer ball tracks and inner ball tracks each comprise at least two oppositely curved Bogenab sections that adjoin one another in a turning point, the turning points (W22 ₂ ) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) are at a distance from the center plane (EM) to the opening side, the inflection points (W23 ₂ ) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) are at a distance from the median plane (EM) to the terminal side, the inflection points (W22 ₂ , W23 ₂ ) are each below a maximum of the distance of the center lines (M22 ₂ , M23 ₂ ) from the longitudinal axes (L12, L13). Constant velocity joint according to one of claims 1 to 6 with the characteristics of the second pairs of tracks: the track center lines (M22 ₂ ) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) have a first arc of radius (R1) whose center (M1) is offset by a first axial offset (O1a) from the median plane (EM) of the joint to the terminal side and a first radial offset (O1r) from the longitudinal axis (L12) is offset towards the ball track and then to this arc to the terminal side towards a second arc with the radius (R2), the center (M2) by a second axial offset (O2a) from the median plane (EM) of the joint to the opening side offset and offset by a second radial offset (O2r), which is greater than the sum of the first radius (R1) and the first radial offset (O1r), outwardly offset from the longitudinal axis (La), the web centerlines (M23 ₂ ) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) have a first arc of radius (R1 ') whose center (M1') is offset by a first axial offset (O1a ') from the median plane (EM) of the joint to the opening side and by a first radial offset (O1r'). ) is offset from the longitudinal axis (L13) to the ball track and then to this arc to the opening side a second arc with the radius (R2 ') whose center (M2') about a second axial offset (O2a ') from the median plane ( EM) of the joint is offset to the terminal side and by a second radial offset (O2r ') which is greater than the sum of the first radius (R1') and the first radial offset (O1r '), from the longitudinal axis (L13) offset outwards. Constant velocity joint according to one of claims 1 to 7 with the further characteristics of the second pairs of tracks: the radius of curvature of the center lines (M22) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ) takes in the course of the median plane (EM) to the terminal side ( 19 ) and the radius of curvature of the median plane (M23) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ) takes in the course of the median plane (EM) to the opening side ( 20 ). Constant velocity joint according to claim 8, with the further characteristics of the second pairs of tracks: the track center lines (M22 ₂ ) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) have a third arc with the radius of curvature (R3) which connects tangentially with the same curvature to the first arc with the radius of curvature (R1) and whose radius of curvature (R3) is smaller than the radius of curvature (R1) and the web centerlines (M23 ₂ ) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) have a third arc with the radius of curvature (R3 ') which connects tangentially with the same sense of curvature to the first arc with the radius of curvature (R1') and whose radius of curvature (R3 ') is smaller than the radius of curvature (R1'). Joint according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at the second track pairs in the course of the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) to the opening side to the second arc an axis-parallel straight line (G3) connects and in the course of the center line (R23) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ) following the second arc (R2 ') to the connection side, an axis-parallel straight line (G3') connects. Joint according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that on the second track pairs in the course of the center line (M22) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ) to the opening side to the second arc a the longitudinal axis (L12) approximating straight line connects and in the course of the center line (R23) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ) adjoining the second arc (R2 ') to the connection side to a longitudinal axis (L13) approximate straight line connects. Joint according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the center lines (M22, M23) of the ball tracks ( 22 . 23 ) in the joint center plane (EM) at an angle of 4 to 32 °, the tangents (T22, T23) to the center lines (M22, M23) of the ball tracks ( 22 . 23 ) of all pairs of tracks at an extended joint form an equal opening angle α. Joint according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that first pairs of tracks ( 22 ₁ . 23 ₁ ) and second pairs of tracks ( 22 ₂ . 23 ₂ ) are arranged alternately over the circumference. Joint according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the radial planes R _{1 of} the first pairs of tracks and the radial planes R _{2 of} the second pairs of tracks have the same pitch angles in the circumferential direction. Joint according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the courses of the first pairs of tracks ( 22 ₁ . 23 ₁ ) and the second pair of tracks ( 22 ₂ . 23 ₂ ) are not symmetrical to each other with respect to the joint median plane (EM). Joint according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the rolling circle radius (PCR ₁ ) of the balls ( 14 ,) of the first pairs of tracks and the pitch radius (PCR ₂ ) of the balls ( 14 ₂ ) of the second pairs of tracks varies in size, with their size ratio ranging from 0.8 to 1.0. Constant velocity joint in the form of a fixed joint with the features of an outer joint part ( 12 ) having a longitudinal axis (L12) and axially opposite to each other has a terminal side and an opening side and the outer ball tracks ( 22 ₁ . 22 ₂ ), an inner joint part ( 13 ), which has a longitudinal axis (L13) and connection means for a to the opening side of the outer joint part ( 12 ) pointing shaft and the inner ball tracks ( 23 ₁ . 23 ₂ ), the outer ball tracks ( 22 ₁ . 22 ₂ ) and the inner ball tracks ( 23 ₁ . 23 ₂ ) form track pairs ( 22 ₁ . 23 ₁ ; 22 ₂ . 23 ₂ ), the pairs of tracks each take a torque-transmitting ball ( 14 ), an annular ball cage ( 15 ) sits between outer joint part ( 12 ) and inner joint part ( 13 ) and has circumferentially distributed cage windows ( 18 ), each receiving at least one of the torque-transmitting balls, the centers of the balls ( 14 ) are removed from the cage ( 15 held in a joint center plane (EM) and guided in articulation to the bisecting plane between the longitudinal axes (L12, L13), the center lines (M22, M23) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₁ . 23 ₁ ; 22 ₂ . 23 ₂ ) of pairs of tracks lie in pairs of track planes (BE, BE *) which run essentially parallel to each other and symmetrically to radial planes (R1, R2) through the longitudinal axes (L12, L13), for a first part of the pairs of tracks the opening angle α opens ₁ between tangents (T22 ₁ ', T23 ₁ ') on web baselines parallel to tangents (T22 ₁ , T23 ₂ ) to the center lines (M22 ₁ , M23 ₁ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₁ . 23 ₁ ) in the joint center plane (EM) in the extended joint with coincident longitudinal axes (L12, L13) extend from the connection side to the opening side, for a second part of the pairs of tracks, the opening angle α ₂ between tangents (T22 ₂ ', T23 ₂ ') opens at baseline parallel to tangents (T22 ₂ , T23 ₂ ) to the center lines (M22 ₂ , M23 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ . 23 ₂ ) in the joint center plane (EM) in the extended joint with coincident longitudinal axes (L12, L13), from the opening side to the terminal side, in this case applies to the center lines of the second pairs of tracks ( 22 ₂ . 23 ₂ ) in the outer joint part ( 12 ) leaves the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) in the range from the joint center plane (EM) to the connection side in each case a reference radius (RB) whose radius center (MBE) at the intersection of a perpendicular on the tangents (T22 ₂ ) to the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball track ( 22 ₂ ) in the joint center plane (EM) and a parallel axis (PE, PE *) to the longitudinal axis (L12) by a web plane (BE, BE *), radially inwardly, in the inner joint part ( 13 ) leaves the center line (M23 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) in the range from the joint center plane (EM) to the opening side in each case a reference radius (RB ') whose radius center (MBE') at the intersection of a perpendicular on the tangents (T23 ₂ ) to the center line (M23 ₂ ) of the ball track ( 23 ) in the joint center plane (EM) and a parallel axis (PE, PE *) to the longitudinal axis (L13) through a web plane (BE, BE *), radially inwardly, in the outer joint part ( 12 ) moves the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) in the area of the center of the joint living (EM) to the opening side beyond the reference radius (RB) radially outwards and in the inner joint part ( 13 ) moves the center line (M23 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) in the region from the joint center plane (EM) to the connection side beyond said reference radius (RB ') radially outwards. Constant velocity joint according to claim 17 with the further features of the second pair of tracks: in the outer joint part ( 12 ), the local radius (R1) of the center line (M22 ₂ ) in the joint center plane (EM) is smaller than the reference radius (RB), in the inner joint part (FIG. 13 ), the local radius (R1 ') of the center line (M23 ₂ ) in the joint center plane (EM) is smaller than the reference radius (RB'). Constant velocity joint according to one of claims 17 or 18 with the further characteristics of the second pair of tracks: in the outer joint part ( 12 ) runs the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the connection side in each case radially outside a reference radius (RZ), whose radius center lies in the joint center plane (EM) on one of the parallel axes (PE, PE *), and in the inner joint part ( 13 ) the center line (M23 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the opening side in each case radially outside a reference radius (RZ ') whose radius center lies in the joint center plane (EM) on one of the parallel axes (PE, PE *). Joint according to one of claims 17 to 19 with the further characteristics of the second pairs of tracks: in the outer joint part ( 12 ) runs the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the opening side in each case radially outside the reference radius (RB) and in the inner joint part ( 13 ) runs the center line of the ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the terminal side, respectively, radially outwardly of the reference radius (RB '). Constant velocity joint according to one of claims 17 to 20 with the further features of the second pair of tracks: in the outer joint part ( 12 ) runs the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the opening side in each case radially within a reference radius (RZ) whose radius center (ME) in the joint center plane (EM) on one of the parallel axes (PE, PE *), in the inner joint part ( 13 ) the center line (M23 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the connection side in each case radially within a reference radius (RZ) whose radius center (ME) in the joint center plane (EM) on one of the parallel axes (PE, PE *). A constant velocity joint according to any one of claims 17 to 21 having the features of the second pairs of tracks: the center lines (M22 ₂ , M23 ₂ ) of the outer ball tracks and inner ball tracks each comprise at least two oppositely curved arc sections which adjoin one another at a turning point, the turning points (W22 ₂ ) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) are in a web plane (BE, BE *) at a distance from the median plane (EM) to the opening side, the inflection points (W23) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) lie in a web plane (BE, BE *) at a distance from the median plane (EM) to the terminal side, the inflection points (W22 ₂ , W23 ₂ ) are each below a maximum of the distance of the center lines (M22 ₂ , M23 ₂ ) from the parallel axes (PE, PE *). Constant velocity joint according to one of claims 17 to 22 with the characteristics of the second pairs of tracks: the track center lines (M22 ₂ ) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) have a first arc of radius (R1) whose midpoint (M1) is offset in a trajectory plane (BE, BE *) by a first axial offset (O1a) from the median plane (EM) of the joint to the terminal side and one first radial offset (O1r) from a parallel axis (PE, PE *) is offset to the ball track out and then to this arc to the terminal side towards a second arc with the radius (R2) whose center (M2) in the web plane (BE, BE *) is offset by a second axial offset (O2a) from the median plane (EM) of the joint to the opening side, and a second radial offset (O2r) greater than the sum of the first radius (R1) and the first one radial offset (O1r), offset from the parallel axis (PE, PE *) to the outside, the track center lines (M23 ₂ ) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) have a first arc of radius (R1 ') whose center (M1') is offset in a web plane (BE, BE *) by a first axial offset (O1a ') from the median plane (EM) of the joint to the opening side and is offset by a first radial offset (O1r ') from a parallel axis (PE, PE *) to the ball track and then to this arc to the opening side towards a second arc with the radius (R2'), the center (M2 ') in the orbital plane (BE, BE *) is offset by a second axial offset (O2a ') from the median plane (EM) of the joint to the terminal side and by a second radial offset (O2r') greater than the sum of the first Radius (R1 ') and the first radial offset (O1r'), offset from the parallel axis (PE, PE ') to the outside. Constant velocity joint according to one of claims 17 to 23 with the further characteristics of the second pairs of tracks: the radius of curvature of the center lines (M22) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ) takes in the course of the median plane (EM) to the terminal side ( 19 ) and the radius of curvature of the median plane (M23) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ) takes in the course of the median plane (EM) to the opening side ( 20 ). Constant velocity joint according to claim 24, with the further characteristics of the second pairs of tracks: the track center lines (M22 ₂ ) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) have a third arc with the radius (R3), which connects tangentially with the same sense of curvature to the first arc with the radius (R1) and whose radius (R3) is smaller than the radius (R1) and the track centerlines (M23 ₂ ) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) have a third arc with the radius (R3 ') which connects tangentially with the same sense of curvature to the first arc of radius (R1') and whose radius (R3 ') is smaller than the radius (R1'). Joint according to one of claims 17 to 25, characterized in that at the second track pairs in the course of the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) to the opening side to the second arc an axis-parallel straight line (G3) connects and that in the course of the center line (R23 ₂ ) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) following the second arc (R2 ') to the connection side, an axis-parallel straight line (G3') connects. Joint according to one of claims 17 to 26, characterized in that at the second track pairs in the course of the center line (M22) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ) to the opening side to the second arc a parallel axis (PE, PE *) approximated straight line connects and that in the course of the center line (R23) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ) in the connection to the second arc (R2 ') to the connection side to a parallel axis (PE, PE *) approximate straight line connects. Joint according to one of Claims 17 to 26, characterized in that the center lines (M22, M23) of the ball tracks ( 22 . 23 ) in the joint center plane (EM) at an angle of 4 to 32 °, the tangents (T22, T23) to the center lines (M22, M23) of the ball tracks ( 22 . 23 ) of all pairs of tracks at an extended joint form an equal opening angle α. Constant velocity joint in the form of a fixed joint with the features: an outer joint part ( 12 ) having a longitudinal axis (L12) and axially opposite to each other has a terminal side and an opening side and the outer ball tracks ( 22 ₁ . 22 ₂ ), an inner joint part ( 13 ), which has a longitudinal axis (L13) and connection means for a to the opening side of the outer joint part ( 12 ) pointing shaft and the inner ball tracks ( 23 ₁ . 23 ₂ ), the outer ball tracks ( 22 ₁ . 22 ₂ ) and the inner ball tracks ( 23 ₁ . 23 ₂ ) form track pairs ( 22 ₁ . 23 ₁ ; 22 ₂ . 23 ₂ ), the pairs of tracks each take a torque-transmitting ball ( 14 ), an annular ball cage ( 15 ) sits between outer joint part ( 12 ) and inner joint part ( 13 ) and has circumferentially distributed cage windows ( 18 ), each receiving at least one of the torque-transmitting balls, the centers of the balls ( 14 ) are removed from the cage ( 15 ) held in a joint median plane (EM) and guided in articulation on the bisecting plane between the longitudinal axes (L12, L13), the center lines (M22 ₁ , M22 ₂ ) of adjacent ball tracks ( 22 ₁ . 22 ₂ ) in the outer joint part ( 12 ) lie in pairs of first track planes (BE, BE *) which run parallel to one another and symmetrically to radial rays (RS1, RS2) through the joint center (M), the center lines (M23 ₁ , M23 ₂ ) of adjacent ball tracks ( 23 ₁ . 23 ₂ ) in the inner joint part ( 13 ) lie in pairs of second orbital planes (BE ', BE *') which run parallel to one another and symmetrically to radial rays (RS1, RS2) through the joint center (M), the first orbital planes (BE, BE *) and the second orbital planes ( BE ', BE *') form with radial planes (R1, R2) through the longitudinal axes (L12, L13) equal, opposite angles (γ, γ '), for a first part of the pairs of tracks the opening angle α ₁ between tangents opens (T22 ₁ ', T23 ₁ ') on railway baselines parallel to tangents (T22 ₁ , T23 ₁ ) to the center lines (M22 ₁ , M23 ₁ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₁ . 23 ₁ ) in the joint center plane (EM) in the extended joint with coincident longitudinal axes (L12, L13) extend from the connection side to the opening side, for a second part of the pairs of tracks, the opening angle α ₂ between tangents (T22 ₂ ', T23 ₂ ') opens at baseline parallel to tangents (T22 ₂ , T23 ₂ ) to the center lines (M22 ₂ , M23 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ . 23 ₂ ) extend in the joint center plane (EM) in the extended joint with coincident longitudinal axes (L12, L13), from the opening side to the terminal side, in this case applies to the center lines of the second pairs of tracks in the outer joint part ( 12 ) leaves the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) in the area of the center of the joint live (EM) to the connection side in each case a reference radius (RB) whose radius center (MBE) at the intersection of a perpendicular on the tangents (T22 ₂ ) to the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball track ( 22 ₂ ) in the joint center plane (EM) and a reference axis (PE, PE *) through a web plane (BE, BE *), radially inwardly, in the inner joint part ( 13 ) leaves the center line (M23 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) in the range from the joint center plane (EM) to the opening side in each case a reference radius (RB ') whose radius center (MBE') at the intersection of a perpendicular on the tangents (T23 ₂ ) to the center line (M23 ₂ ) of the ball track ( 23 ) in the joint center plane (EM) and a reference axis (PE ', PE *') through a web plane (BE ', BE *'), radially inwardly, in the outer joint part ( 12 ) moves the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) in the region from the joint center plane (EM) to the opening side beyond said reference radius (RB) radially outwards and in the inner joint part ( 13 ) moves the center line (M23 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) in the region from the joint center plane (EM) to the connection side beyond said reference radius (RB ') radially outwards. Constant velocity joint according to claim 29 with the further characteristics of the second pair of tracks: in the outer joint part ( 12 ), the local radius (R1) of the center line (M22 ₂ ) in the joint center plane (EM) is smaller than the reference radius (RB), in the inner joint part (FIG. 13 ), the local radius (R1 ') of the center line (M23 ₂ ) in the joint center plane (EM) is smaller than the reference radius (RB'). Constant velocity joint according to one of claims 29 or 30 with the further features of the second pair of tracks: in the outer joint part ( 12 ) runs the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the connection side in each case radially outside a reference radius (RZ) whose radius center is located in the joint center plane (EM) on one of the reference axes (PE, PE *), and in the inner joint part ( 13 ) the center line (M23 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the opening side in each case radially outside a reference radius (RZ) whose radius center lies in the joint center plane (EM) on one of the reference axes (PE ', PE *'). Joint according to one of claims 29 to 31 with the further characteristics of the second pairs of tracks: in the outer joint part ( 12 ) runs the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the opening side in each case radially outside the reference radius (RB) and in the inner joint part ( 13 ) runs the center line of the ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the terminal side, respectively, radially outwardly of the reference radius (RB '). Constant velocity joint according to one of claims 29 to 32 with the further characteristics of the second pair of tracks: in the outer joint part ( 12 ) runs the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the opening side in each case radially within a reference radius (RZ) whose radius center (ME, ME *) lies in the joint center plane (EM) on one of the reference axes (PE, PE *) in the inner joint part (FIG. 13 ) the center line (M23 ₂ ) of the ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) from the joint center plane (EM) to the connection side in each case radially within a reference radius (RZ) whose radius center (ME, ME *) lies in the joint center plane (EM) on one of the reference axes (PE ', PE *'). A constant velocity joint according to any one of claims 29 to 33, having the features of the second pairs of tracks: the center lines (M22 ₂ , M23 ₂ ) of the outer ball tracks and inner ball tracks each comprise at least two oppositely curved arc sections adjoining each other at an inflection point, the turning points (W22 ₂ ) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) are in a web plane (BE, BE *) at a distance from the median plane (EM) to the opening side, the inflection points (W23) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) lie in a web plane (BE ', BE *') at a distance from the median plane (EM) to the terminal side, the inflection points (W22 ₂ , W23 ₂ ) are each below a maximum of the distance of the center lines (M22 ₂ , M23 ₂ ) the reference axes (PE, PE *, PE ', PE *'). Constant velocity joint according to one of claims 29 to 34 with the characteristics of the second pairs of tracks: the track center lines (M22 ₂ ) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) have a first arc of radius (R1) whose center (M1) is offset in a trajectory plane (BE ') by a first axial offset (O1a) from the median plane (EM) of the joint to the terminal side and a first radial one Offset (O1r) is offset from a parallel axis (PE, PE *) to the ball track out and then to this arc to the connection side out a second arc with the radius (R2) whose center (M2) in the orbital plane (BE, BE *) one second axial offset (O2a) from the center plane (EM) of the joint to the opening side and offset by a second radial offset (O2r) that is greater than the sum of the first radius (R1) and the first radial offset (O1r) , offset from the reference axis (PE, PE *) to the outside, the track center lines (M23 ₂ ) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) have a first arc of radius (R1 ') whose center (M1') is offset in a trajectory plane (BE ') by a first axial offset (O1a') from the median plane (EM) of the joint to the opening side a first offset (O1r ') from a reference axis (PE', PE * ') is offset towards the ball track and then to this arc to the opening side towards a second arc with the radius (R2'), the center (M2 ') in the Web level (BE ', BE *') is offset by a second axial offset (O2a ') from the median plane (EM) of the joint to the terminal side and by a second offset (O2r') which is greater than the sum of the first Radius (R1 ') and the first radial offset (O1r'), offset from the reference axis (PE ', PE *') to the outside. Constant velocity joint according to one of claims 29 to 35 with the further characteristics of the second pairs of tracks: the radius of curvature of the center lines (M22) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ) takes in the course of the median plane (EM) to the terminal side ( 19 ) and the radius of curvature of the median plane (M23) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ) takes in the course of the median plane (EM) to the opening side ( 20 ). Constant velocity joint according to claim 36, with the further characteristics of the second pairs of tracks: the track center lines (M22 ₂ ) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) have a third arc with the radius (R3), which connects tangentially with the same sense of curvature to the first arc with the radius (R1) and whose radius (R3) is smaller than the radius (R1) and the track centerlines (M23 ₂ ) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) have a third arc with the radius (R3 ') which connects tangentially with the same sense of curvature to the first arc of radius (R1') and whose radius (R3 ') is smaller than the radius (R1'). Joint according to one of Claims 29 to 37, characterized in that, at the second track pairs, in the course of the center line (M22 ₂ ) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ₂ ) to the opening side to the second arc parallel to the reference axis (PE, PE *) extending straight line (G3) connects and that in the course of the center line (R23 ₂ ) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ₂ ) following the second arc (R2 ') to the connection side to a parallel to the reference axis (PE', PE * ') extending straight line (G3') connects. Joint according to one of Claims 29 to 38, characterized in that, at the second pairs of tracks, in the course of the center line (M22) of the outer ball tracks ( 22 ) to the opening side to the second arc a the reference axis (PE, PE *) approximated straight line connects and that in the course of the center line (R23) of the inner ball tracks ( 23 ) in the connection to the second arc (R2 ') to the connection side to a reference axis (PE', PE * ') approaching straight line connects. Joint according to one of Claims 29 to 39, characterized in that the center lines (M22, M23) of the ball tracks ( 22 . 23 ) in the joint center plane (EM) at an angle of 4 to 32 °, the tangents (T22, T23) to the center lines (M22, M23) of the ball tracks ( 22 . 23 ) of all pairs of tracks at an extended joint form an equal opening angle α. A constant velocity joint as claimed in any one of claims 29 to 40, further comprising: the radial distance from penetrating points (D ₁ , D ₂ ) of the tangents (T22 ₁ , T23 ₁ , T22 ₂ , T23 ₂ ) to the web centerlines (M22 ₁ , M23 ₁ ; M22 ₂ , M23 ₂ ) through the radial planes (R1, R2) defined by the longitudinal axes (L12, L13) from the longitudinal axes (L12, L13) is smaller than the pitch circle radius (PCR) of the balls in the joint. A constant velocity joint according to claim 41, further comprising: the radial distance from penetrating points (D ₁ , D ₂ ) of the tangents (T22 ₁ , T23 ₁ , T22 ₂ , T23 ₂ ) to the web centerlines (M22 ₁ , M23 ₁ , M22 ₂ , M23 ₂ ) by the radial planes (R1, R2) of the longitudinal axes (L12, L13) set by the longitudinal axes (L12, L13) is zero. Joint according to one of claims 17 to 42, characterized in that the number of pairs of tracks ( 22 . 23 ) is divisible by four. Joint according to one of claims 17 to 43, characterized in that in each case the balls ( 14 ) of two adjacent web pairs lying in parallel web planes (BE, BE *, BE ', BE *') ( 22 . 23 ) from a single cage window ( 18 ) of the ball cage ( 15 ). Joint according to one of claims 17 to 44, characterized in that the pitch angle (2φ) between the pairs of tracks, their balls (2) 14 ) in a common window ( 15 ) is less than the pitch angle between adjacent track pairs, the balls ( 14 ) are recorded in different windows. Constant velocity joint according to one of Claims 17 to 45, characterized in that one of the pairs of tracks immediately adjacent to one another is used as the first pair of tracks ( 22 ₁ . 23 ₁ ) and one as a second pair of tracks ( 22 ₂ . 23 ₂ ) is trained. A constant velocity joint according to any one of claims 17 to 46, characterized in that of two in a web plane (BE, BE *, BE ', BE *') lying pairs of tracks one of the first Track pair and one is designed as a second track pair.