DE10059037A1 - Continuously adjustable transport container for paintings etc. has internal comb-like meshing walls sliding along guides and fastened to one fixed container wall - Google Patents

Abstract

The container has fixing elements, adjustable to the dimensions of the painting. The interior of a package (1), resp. of a frame (1) fitted into a larger container, has walls (2) or screens, which slide freely or along a guide (9) and are connected to at least one wall (5) of the package/frame. Connection is via a detachable positive fastening, so that markings on the guide shoes (3) of the sliding walls are aligned with similar markings on the one wall, are held in alignment by a bridging part.

Description

field of use

The invention relates to packaging for paintings and other high quality Objects.

These are usually made especially for the packaged goods in question Climate boxes packed. The individual production, the coherent, high effort in the preliminary phase of a Carrying out the transport, high administration effort for the administration of the rented and stored by the relevant forwarding agents Packaging, the high capital commitment in worldwide museum cellars etc.  make this type of packaging very complex and stressful Art forwarders and exhibitors (museums) strong.

For this reason, attempts are being made today to join the interior Customizable packaging to work per painting Transport task and not used as before for individual paintings can. However, due to the technical limits of these systems, this is the case today only for paintings with a lower or middle field Insurance value possible. High quality paintings still get one individual, optimized climate packaging.

With a variable packaging system of the highest quality are here before Background of the increasing art tourism enormous savings potential release.

State of the art - disadvantages

Tension belt devices are used in the containers used today Fixation of the paintings or metal rail systems for positioning Locking jaws used.

The rails serve the locking jaws including the integrated Upholstery elements as closely as possible to the external dimensions (length and width) to adapt to the painting. To adjust the frame thickness (height) are the Upholstery elements self-adjustable. This is done by embedding the Upholstery materials shown in a corresponding mechanics.

The choice of material is due to the strength and Accuracy requirements for locking systems: damage insurers and Art restorers require both a continuous adjustment and one firm (if possible positive) securing of the fixing points. This Combination is technically not feasible without further ado, because one for would have to provide a positive locking grid that is not arbitrarily small are to be carried out. One therefore chooses metal longitudinal guides. Here it is possible with the help of the pressing forces to be applied relatively firm frictional connections to achieve any position. These forces could be a rail Deform and permanently damage hardwood.

Today's technology is associated with decisive disadvantages that weaken the acceptance for variable packaging systems or prohibit the use for the transport of really high-quality paintings:
Both the rail material aluminum and the other metal parts used for the connection are characterized by a relatively high thermal conductivity. Since the scaffolding parts are fastened by screws in the inner wall, there is a risk that heat can be exchanged through these hidden "thermal bridges" just a few millimeters below the outer skin. This is critical even with a slight change in the internal temperature of the container, since the moisture in the air condenses on the metal parts that discharge, with the possible consequence of the formation of a drop that could destroy the image. The possibility of forming a single drop is u. A knockout criterion may be used for certain transport tasks.

Internal metal latches also "build" relatively large. This will make one relatively large amount of air forced into the interior. A large amount of air goes but with high absolute humidity, which is why this technique is controversial (High absolute humidity = many possible drops).

The handling weight of the packaging disadvantageously increases the use of metal frames in the interior. Since the Climate protection wall is already relatively difficult, the Handling property of the container limited. Experience has shown that such a container is picked up and deposited significantly more often, and sometimes even rolled on unsuitable rolling aids. This creates the risk of Bumping into an obstacle at a relatively high speed, a unwanted vibration excitation on uneven museum floors and vertical shocks also resulting therefrom.

Experience also shows that the rail systems in today's Sizes of painting packaging can have natural frequencies, which are in the area of excitation by transport vibrations. The resulting natural vibrations of the mechanics quickly lead to Total damage to the painting.

The fact that the Metal profiles either fastened in particularly many places or particularly must be strong if you have resonance vibrations of the frame want to avoid during transport. By a Multiple screw connections would result in many potential thermal bridges.

It is therefore still disadvantageous that the decoupling of today Usually used interior mechanics the use of Damping elements required. The space requirement of the dampers creates in the Installation environment an additional internal volume, which is filled with air becomes. When using mechanical dampers you have to do one more thing technical compromise in packaging design.

Other disadvantages exist with the tension belt technology mentioned at the outset Fixing pictures in a packaging interior. Here are belt pairs used to frame the image. This technique is characterized by that the images are fixed by a frictional connection, the power line done over the picture frame; the image of a permanent compressive stress is exposed. The active initiation of a force, however, is with high quality ones Packaged goods are not tolerable, especially not in the order of magnitude as they are  needed to create a frictional connection between the carrier belt and the packaged goods becomes.

Object of the invention

The invention is based on the object of painting packaging without provide disadvantages mentioned above.

Solution to the problem and advantages of the invention

The task is made up of layers that are interpenetrating and comb-like Interior walls solved, each parallel to the outer wall are movable and an inner shaft variable in length and width span. The sliding walls are locked in shape or non-positively on the outer wall or one in the outer packaging frame used.

Positive locking

By a releasable positive locking of the sliding walls or the sliding grille the outer wall is finely locked up to a certain divider grid applied on the inside of the outer wall.

The basic idea is the principle of calipers known sliding scale (vernier) and methods derived therefrom to transfer the lock.

The resulting grid size is so fine that from an undersize of The resulting pressure forces on the packaged goods for practice are insignificant. An undersize can occur if it is due to a Play between packaged goods and packing chute is necessary, a measure set which is below the packaged goods dimension.

The vernier scale of a caliper shows with an accuracy of z. B. 1/10 (1/20, 1/30) mm the dimension of an object without the millimeter scale in To have to divide 10ths of a mm. Instead, the mm scale becomes fixed A 9 / 10th scale on the opposite side of the movable side (vernier). at exact agreement of the zero positions of both scales is a measured one Component whole mm large. Is the first division of the mm scale correct with the the first graduation on the 9 / 10th scale, the component has an oversize of exactly 1/10 mm. If the second tick marks match, the component has one Excess of 2 / 10ths, etc. Only after the conformity of the The 9th graduation marks match the zero positions again. That way it is Measurement of components with mechanical aids with accuracy  possible not to show the manufacturing technology directly on the measuring instrument is (placement of 10 graduation marks on one millimeter).

It is possible with simple manufacturing technology, scales in the form of Groove profiles or holes in a suitable material, e.g. B. layered Bring hardwood. This results in a manufacturing technology and Minimum spacing of the grooves required for reasons of material strength. Regardless of the minimum distance, it is today with the help computer-controlled milling possible, the spacing of the grooves with high Set accuracy (<1/10 mm).

To use the principle of vernier scaling for fine locking you can bring one into the inside of the side outer wall Packaging container or a frame that can be inserted into a climate box a certain grid in the form of grooves or holes.

Along the grooved insides, the "guide shoe" (widened) side edges of sliding inner walls lead, which are also grooved several times, but in another Scale. The grooves of these "guide shoes" then run parallel to them the outer walls or the frame; more precisely: lie these grooves or holes adjacent to each other.

Depending on the position of the sliding inner wall, there is a through the Grooves of the guide shoes formed sliding scale each have a groove or Bore with a groove / bore of a fixed scale on the inside the outer wall is more or less aligned. The resulting from the flight "Double groove" is used to insert a fitting that is between the outer and inner wall creates a positive connection.

In this way, a form fit can be achieved with the highest positioning accuracy are manufactured without having to reproduce the effective grid dimension.

With the help of this principle, a variable in length as well as in width To be able to open the shaft, it is advantageous to use the inner walls Build up a stack of strips or mesh walls that penetrate like a comb.

The scales are advantageously those facing the packer The top also provided with easy-to-read marks that it allow a certain dimension without the presence of the packing real property, to set in advance. That is with objects with extremely sensitive frame necessary. The frame cannot be used here "Stop" can be used to adjust the dimensions because of a slip could cause a million damage when adjusting the lock. Instead, the painting is usually retrofitted, along with supporting upholstery elements, in the previously adjusted Packing shaft inserted.  

In this context, one proves itself through rollers, balls, or wheels suitable furniture fittings support longitudinal guidance of the sliding Inner walls as a handling advantage. The support of the "guide shoes" The outer wall and / or floor with the help of casters enables an almost force-free adjustment of the shaft dimensions. A particular advantage is in In this context, the fact that the guide shoes outside the through the inner walls of the manhole. In this case it is Use of high-quality, metal fittings as a guide aid conceivable. In contrast to friction-locking fixings, the Invention additionally provide a smooth play for the longitudinal guidance, because through the subsequent positive locking, the game becomes again set to zero.

Non-positive locking

An absolutely infinitely variable locking can be achieved with simple means, by sliding the sliding wall guide shoes against the supports (coated) outer walls.

You can see between the guide shoes of an inner wall and the adjacent outer walls each at least one wedge-shaped gap.

In this variant of the invention, it is particularly advantageous if the Guide shoes of the inner walls are relatively wide. Stand this way between the shoe, the outer wall acting as a counter bearing and the intermediate friction wedge large friction surfaces available for a ensure secure locking. The opening angle of the gap or wedge is conveniently chosen in the limit range of self-locking, so that Disassembly or release from the frictional connection is not unnecessarily hindered.

In order to release the frictional connection during transport, e.g. B. due to occurring To exclude vibrations, the friction wedge used is permanently set vacuum. The pressure that causes a movement of the wedge from the frictional engagement should prevent, for example, by a spring, a screw or other devices are applied.

The frictional engagement can be transformed into a positive engagement if you take the Wedge surfaces coated with a flexible material, which is under the applied pressure hugs a groove profile on the mating sides.

To picture frames with different frame thicknesses in the same To be able to fix packaging, it is necessary in addition to the length and Width adjustment of the shaft the height of the interior to the picture adapt.

The structure of the walls from spaced strips or as a grid has in this connection the further advantage that upholstery elements and other "stops" can be easily attached.  

In the invention, angles are provided for this purpose, which have one leg on the Inner walls are fixed, with the other leg on the frame of the image inserted in the slot. The one against the inner wall Leg of the mounting bracket is using several clamping levers braced with a plate lying on the other side of the inner wall.

In order to be able to secure a positive fit here, one chooses for the pairing Clamping jaw / leg also a flexible material combination above of the type mentioned. In this case, B. the inside of the Thighs with permanent scoring; the jaw on the Mating side, however, with a flexible coating, so that the Clamping jaw material under the clamping tension to the groove profile of the Adjusts thighs. This connection is then a positive connection with the consequence even a minimal adjustment of the angle in the clamped state only by destroying the coating, i.e. the greatest force, it is possible.

It is advantageous with the help of the angles even before the painting is inserted in the packaging shaft the height of the artwork in question adjust the required packaging interior; so the legs as Align support points for a painting to be used later and increase. This has the advantage after inserting the painting into the Shaft no longer works above or near this with loose parts have to. That related to the possible falling of the parts This eliminates the potential for danger.

Instead, after the painting has been inserted, it is only put on the lid of the outer packaging (climate packaging).

In order to be able to use standard upholstery and standard angles in the interior, it proves to be beneficial to use shock and vibration damping, which are set independently of the packaging and from the outside to the locked box is mounted or in which the closed Painting packaging is used. In particular, through the inclusion of vibrations and shocks via external damping systems avoided that in the case of bumps inside the packaging damaging the packaged goods Relative movements between picture frame and fixing element (cushion) result.  

embodiments

Show it:

Fig. 1 is a 3-D schematic diagram of an embodiment 1, which can be used in a conventional climate box.

Fig. 2 shows an execution detail of the positive connection inner wall 1 outer wall.

Fig. 3 shows an execution detail of the frictional connection inner wall / outer wall.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the frame with packaged goods inserted into the inner shaft.

Fig. 5 shows an execution detail for implementing the sliding scale principle.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram for attaching support jaws (angles) at any height in the interior of the packaging shaft.

Fig. 7 shows the attached variants of the angle in front and side view.

The example consists of a full-walled frame 1 with a floor, which is shown in Fig. 1. There are four sliding walls 2 in this frame. The sliding walls consist of individual strips 14 ( FIG. 2), which are connected to one another at a distance from one another by functional elements 3 which are referred to below as “guide shoes”. In FIG. 1, grooves 4 in the width of the strips 14 on the guide shoes 3 serve to align the strips in alignment. This construction results in "protected" inner walls or "grids", the interdigitated walls spanning a variable rectangular shaft 32 in the central area of the frame 1 .

A fine play is provided between the strips of two walls penetrating each other at right angles, which enables the individual walls to be moved with almost no force. In order to further improve the ease of adjustment, 3 rollers 8 can be provided on the guide shoes, which are guided along a rail 9 or the walls.

The shaft 32 spanned by the displaceable inner walls 2 serves to receive a packaged product 22 ( FIG. 4), which is supported at the corners against the interior by means of cushioning or fixing elements 10 . In the exemplary embodiment, these upholstery and fixing elements are represented by angles 10 ( FIG. 1) which have the height of the packaging shaft and which have a suitable coating on the side facing the packaged goods (not shown). These angles 10 are fastened in the corners of the shaft 32 spanned by the lattice walls. The attachment is achieved by any form fit with the lattice walls, so that the walls can be moved without having to remove the corner. Eyelets, for example, which grip around individual strips 14 of adjacent sliding walls 2 are suitable; Hooks that grip behind the strips 14 or springs that connect the angle 10 with functional elements behind the strips.

The angles 10 can be long-legged, so that there is an overlap of the legs of adjacent angles. For this, the legs must be made particularly thin, but relatively stiff if you want to prevent the angles from fluttering. In this way it would be possible to separate the air enclosed in the shaft from the amount of air enclosed between the shaft and frame.

In order to adjust the packaging shaft 32 to a specific packaged goods dimension, the sliding walls are moved and fixed in the appropriate places. In order to make the setting independent of the use of loose scales, in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1, identifiers 6 and 7 are provided which indicate to the packer the effective dimensions of the packaging shaft.

The sliding walls are fixed with the aid of the guide shoes 3 , which are connected to the walls 5 of the frame 1 in a positive or non-positive manner.

A simple and relatively fine grid is achieved in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 by introducing 3 grooves 11 and 12 into the inside of the frame and the outside of the guide shoe, which represent scale increments of differently scaled scales. The setting of a dimension can then be carried out with the aid of the principle of the sliding scale (vernier) known from calipers. Depending on the position of the sliding wall, there is a groove of the fixed scale of the wall 5 , which is more or less exactly aligned with a groove of the sliding scale. In the aligned pair of grooves, a fitting 13 is inserted, which fixes this position.

FIG. 5 shows this approach before in detail again. The setting of a dimension of exactly 16.65 increments was shown here. The division of the main scale 6 into 20 parts required for this was realized by two additional slide scales 3 a and 3 b.

The groove spacing of the sliding scale 3 a of the lower guide shoe corresponds to 1.25 times the division of the main scale. Consequently, with the help of this guide shoe, dimensional deviations from whole quarters of the increments of the main scale can be set without having to make the main scale so fine. In Fig. 5, the lower slide rule is used to set an undersize of exactly a quarter of the division by inserting a fitting in the second position (-1/4).

With the help of the upper sliding scale, the dimension is used the third position (-2/20) reduced by another two twentieth. This kind the adjustment allows easy manufacture with maximum positioning accuracy, because only a main scale and two sliding scales are manufactured have to.

Fig. 3 shows a lock that allows a continuous adjustment of the shaft dimensions.

For this purpose, the bevelled outer walls of the frame 15 or the guide shoe 17 are spaced apart, so that a functional element constructed from two opposing clamping wedges 19 and 20 can be inserted between them. By clamping the wedges 19 and 20 with the aid of a threaded mechanism 18 , there is a frictional connection between the outer wall and the sliding wall. The position is freely selectable. The durability of a frictional connection applied in this way can be influenced by varying the clamping surfaces (width of the guide shoes or clamping wedges) and their coating.

The maximum strength of the locking device with a small size is achieved if a stiff relief 16 and an elastic material 21 - glued to the surfaces of the clamping wedges in the example - are used as the "friction pairing". Under the pressure of the clamping forces, the flexible material adapts to a greater or lesser extent to the relief 16 , as a result of which a positive connection with the highest strength is created. This can only be solved by destroying the component, ie with high energy input. This type of locking system meets the requirements of positioning accuracy and locking strength / security to the highest degree.

Since the packaging shaft 32 in FIG. 1 is intended to accommodate packing objects of different heights, but has a fixed height, the “supports” shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 in the form of angles 23 are used to adapt the packaging Grid walls are attached. Their contact surfaces 24 can be fixed at a freely selectable distance from the upper edge of the packaging shaft (cover) by means of an adjustment facility. For this purpose, the legs facing the sliding wall are clamped against a component 26 on the other wall side with the aid of hold-down devices 29 . Here, too, the pairing of an elastic 30 and a profiled material 25 described above is intended to ensure a form fit of the highest strength. The component 26 is positively embedded between the strips 14 of the sliding walls, so that there is no possibility of movement in the vertical direction here.

The angle is adjusted by moving the legs relative to the part 26 as long as the hold-down devices 29 are not under tension. For this purpose, the elongated holes 31 are provided in the legs. When the hold-down device 29 is clamped with the aid of clamping levers 28 , the locking takes place.

The molded parts 33 lying between the strips 14 of the sliding walls are kept somewhat shorter than the strips 14 are wide. This also results in a frictional connection between the angle and the sliding wall, which prevents the angle from slipping in the horizontal direction.

Claims (6)

1. Transport container for packaging paintings and other high-quality packaged goods, with fixation devices that can be adapted to the outer dimensions of the packaged goods, characterized in that the interior of the packaging 1 or a frame 1 that can be used in a larger container 1 or 9 movable walls 2 or grids along a guide be releasably connected to at least one wall 5 of the frame / packaging 1 . 2. Transport container according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection takes place via a releasable form fit such that the scale increments 12 attached to the guide shoes 3 of the sliding walls, which are aligned with those 11 which are attached to the fixed wall 5 , by in each case a bridging component 13 is forcibly (positively) kept in alignment. 3. Container according to claim 1 characterized in that the connection via a releasable frictional engagement is performed such that used a wedge or other bonding agent between the inner sliding wall 2 or the associated guide shoes 3 and a frame wall 5 or on the wall 5 or the guide shoe 3 attached functional element 19 [20] is clamped. 4. Transport container according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the usable packaging shaft 32 is adjusted by height adjustable and lockable angle 23 , one leg of which is attached to the sliding walls 2 so that the leg support perpendicular to the sliding walls form for a packing object 22 to be inserted into the shaft. 5. adjusting mechanism, in particular for stepless fixture variable container parts according to the claims 2, 3 and 4 characterized gekennzeichent that a part 19/20 [29] comprises a component pairing at least one flexible coating 21 [30] on the mating side, which is the rigid profile 16 [25] of the other partner 15 [23] to form a more or less pronounced form fit. 6. adjusting mechanism, in particular for fixing the inner walls to claim 2, characterized in accordance with that the grooves or bores of the mating parts Maßstabsinkremente different scaled standard 6/7, resulting in an in accuracy higher than the manufacturing grid fine adjustment according to the principle of the sliding scale (vernier ) of a caliper.