DE10053622A1 - Fiber dispenser for the prodn of nonwovens has a filling shaft with fiber take-in rollers leading to a trough and roller with a lower drum to accelerate the fiber flow by its kinetic energy with adjustments for a structured flow - Google Patents

Abstract

The fiber dispenser, for the prodn. of nonwovens, has at least one take-in roller (2) with rotary speed control in the filling shaft (1). Under the take-in roller (2), a fiber flow with a define compression passes through a trough (5) with a rotating roller (4), with an adjustable gap between the roller (4) and trough (5). The fiber flow is taken by the kinetic energy of the drum (7) which accelerates it. The fiber flow is carried through the filling shaft by at least one pair of take-in rollers (2) with an adjustable working gap between the rollers. The drum (7) under the working rollers acts as a fiber distribution cylinder, with acceleration of the fiber flow through the kinetic energy of the speed-controlled drum (7). The take-in rollers (2) in the filling shaft rotate against each other, with a decreasing gap between them down the shaft (1) to form a take-in gap for the fiber material. A pressure plate is in the filling shaft, in addition to the rollers (2), with a variable guide plane on the vertical or at an angle to the vertical which, with the following rollers (2), forms a tapering take-in gap. The position of the rollers (2) can be varied to the rigid guide plane, which is a flat component with a polished surface of metal, plastics or a compound material. The surface of the guide plane or pressure plate is solid or perforated. A sensor (3), near the take-in rollers (2), monitors the quality of the fiber flow. The gap between the drum (7) and the trough (5) can be altered selectively. The trough (5) and its roller (4) are in a mirror image array flanking the vertical axis through the filling shaft (1). An air flow control diaphragm (6) is between the protective housing for the drum (7) and at least one side wall of the filling shaft (1), with variable settings. At least one blowing channel (8) is between the protective housing for the drum (7) and the fiber outflow channel (9), to deliver a bonding agent which is hardened by light or pressure and/or heat and/or an air supply and/or additional fibers into the fiber flow. A bonding agent and/or additional fibers can be delivered into the filling shaft (1) above the rollers (2). The fiber outflow channel (9) has a quadratic, rectangular, circular or elliptical cross section, at least at its opening. The filling shaft geometry can be altered to change the direction of fiber outflow, in relation to the fiber dispenser axis, by changing the entry into the filling shaft (1) and/or the outflow channel (9) from it. The fiber dispenser can be linked to a robot, with a single or multiple axis, which gives the movements in relation to the nonwoven development station. An Independent claim is included for fiber dispenser applications, where it is used for the prodn. of nonwovens with a geometrical profile either for subsequent compression and/or hardening and/or profiling. Preferred Features: The dispenser is for the prodn. of nonwovens with zones of different densities and/or hardness and/or elasticity for subsequent compression and/or hardening and/or profiling. The dispenser is for the prodn. of nonwovens with selected zones of different qualities in relation to geometry and/or density and/or elasticity, in a geometric form or to be combined with a carrier nonwoven of a consistent quality and character. A number of fiber dispensers can be deployed side-by-side and/or in succession and/or offset from each other for the prodn. of nonwoven bodies with different surface qualities.

Description

The invention relates to a fiber dispenser for the production of nonwoven fabrics, consisting of a filling shaft for items in the transport state Fiber material, a fiber separator and a fiber stream discharge nozzle. Such fiber dispensers are used in the textile industry Machine arrangements for the production of flat or textile three-dimensional shapes from different or uniform Fiber material and with profiling, if necessary, required.

Fiber dispensers are generally on stationary nonwoven machines necessary component. They ensure that fiber material is provided continuously supplied, isolated and in the fluidized state on flat Carrier materials are applied. By converting the respective Fiber dispensers can be placed on such stationary fleece formers Manufacture sheet-like fleeces of different quality, whereby each have a largely uniform nonwoven thickness, nonwoven density, Nonwoven hardness and / or nonwoven elasticity is achieved. With well-known fiber dispensers, it has not yet been possible to profil geometric structures, which may also be different Nonwoven qualities should have to produce from nonwoven.

The object of the invention is therefore to create a technical Solution, with the help of the shortcomings of the known prior art be overcome. A variable fiber dispenser is required with if necessary, its help also on stationary fleece forming machines non-woven products with practically any structure can be produced can. The technical solution to be created should also be characterized by a distinguish simple and easily adjustable construction.  

According to the invention, the object is achieved by the features of claims 1, 2 and 23-26 solved. Special embodiments are in the respective Subclaims described.

Thereafter, a fiber dispenser for the production of non-woven fabrics consists of one Filling chute for fiber material in transport condition, one Fiber separator and a fiber stream discharge nozzle. Is in the filling shaft arranged at least one speed-adjustable feed roller. Below the single or multiple feed rollers is defined in the feed chute compressed fiber stream through the trough roller transporting trough roller arranged. There is a between the trough roller and the trough edge adjustable working gap. Below the trough roller and trough is an as Speed-adjustable fiber singling cylinder serving drum arranged. Subordinate to the drum is the one by the kinetic Energy of the drum accelerated fiber flow absorbing Discharge nozzle.

Another variant of the fiber dispenser also consists of a Filling chute for fiber material in transport condition, one Fiber separator and a fiber stream discharge nozzle. With this The fiber dispenser is defined in the lower area of the hopper condensed fiber stream to the reel transporting work station arranged. It consists of at least one pair of feed rollers. In this Case and in the case of the use of several pairs of feed rollers an adjustable working gap between them. Below the trough roller station is a speed-adjustable one Fiber singling cylinder serving drum arranged. This one too One variant is the one due to the kinetic energy of the drum Accelerated fiber flow discharge nozzle the drum subordinate.

It is possible to use at least one of the feed rollers in the hopper to arrange speed-adjustable feed roller.

The speed-adjustable feed rollers can be paired as well as in the Direction of rotation must be arranged in opposite directions.

Several speed-adjustable feed rollers can follow in pairs reducing the roller distance below, forming a feed gap in the Filling shaft can be arranged.

It is also possible, in addition to the speed-adjustable feed rollers to arrange a pressure plate in the filling shaft.  

In this case the fiber stream slides under the action of speed-adjustable feed rollers on the pressure plate in the direction of Feed gap, advantageously an increasing fiber current density can be realized.

For this purpose, the pressure plate is vertical as the position of the guide plane or arranged inclined to the vertical in the hopper.

This gives the possibility of the printing plate being in its position variable control level to be arranged so that with several in succession arranged speed-adjustable feed rollers a down tapering wedge-shaped cross section.

In another embodiment, the speed-adjustable feed rollers are as changeable in their position to the rigidly arranged control level. With this it is also possible, if necessary, to taper downwards to form a wedge-shaped cross section between the guide plane and the feed rollers. The control level is preferred as a flat component with a smooth surface made of metal or plastic or composite.

In addition, the control level or pressure plate can be closed or perforated be trained.

For the control of the fiber dispenser, it can be advantageous if in Filling shaft above or in the area of the feed rollers at least one Sensor for quality monitoring of the fiber stream is arranged. A computer unit stands for the expansion of the information of the Sensor for quality monitoring of the fiber flow and the speed of the Feed rollers in connection with the fiber dispenser.

Another embodiment of the fiber dispenser provides that a selectable distance between the surface of the drum and that of the trough or the trough edge determining position change device in Fiber dispenser is integrated.

Special nonwoven properties can be achieved if the trough and the trough roller opposite the vertical axis of the filling shaft are arranged mirror-inverted.

It has proven to be advantageous between the protective housing of the Tambours and at least one side boundary wall of the Filling shaft to arrange an air flow control panel.

The fluidization of the fiber stream in the conveying air can thus be effective to be influenced. To improve the versatility of the Fiber dispensers can be adjusted in an adjustable position Install the airflow control panel.  

The fiber dispenser according to the invention provides that in the area between the Protective housing of the drum and the discharge opening of the discharge nozzle one of the addition of light, pressure and / or thermosetting binders and / or air and / or further fiber material serving blowing channel is arranged.

By using such materials in the fluidized fiber stream become intimate wetting and thus effective influences on quality of the nonwoven fabric to be produced.

The function of the fiber dispenser is also too with the shape of the discharge nozzle influence. This can be done by subordinating the protective housing of the drum Discharge nozzle at least in the area of the discharge opening square, rectangular, circular or elliptical cross-section exhibit.

It is also possible in the filling shaft above the speed-adjustable Feed rollers or the trough rollers one of the addition of binders and / or to arrange additional fiber material serving additional inlet.

It has proven to be advantageous to use a fiber dispenser if necessary equip increased mobility. At least one is the Part of the fiber dispenser and / or containment opening of the filling shaft a part of the fiber dispenser located at the discharge nozzle, each covered on the longitudinal axis of the fiber dispenser, to change the discharge direction under Moving formation of geometric shapes.

It is also possible to use the fiber dispenser with at least one mobility against the fleece forming part with a single or Connect multi-axis robots.

The fiber dispenser according to the invention can be used practically with any geometric dimensions are used. This applies in particular to the miniaturized opening step for a variable fiber feed. Through the additional use of an air flow with controllable pressure and The amount of conveyable air that can be influenced is the fiber distribution and the fiber direction influenced in the discharge area of the discharge nozzle. Has proven to be beneficial also the the possibility now given for the additional entry of Binding agents in the fiber and / or air flow proved. The newly created Fiber dispensers can be either flexible or rigid Have filling shaft so that the working elements used for A corresponding movement space is given for the web guide. This can be done achieve by designing the filling shaft as a hose-tube Combination.

The fiber is ejected from the fiber dispenser by using a Drums using the kinetic energy of this fiber stream Dissolver supported.  

Another option is the newly created fiber dispenser through the optional arrangement a trough in connection with the Trough roller. Both by arranging the trough edge with respect to the Direction of rotation of the drum as well as by means of the working gap between Trough roller and trough can be the quality of the fluidized fiber stream influence effectively.

Instead of the combination of trough roller and trough, if necessary desired influence on the quality of the fluidized fiber stream also possible thanks to a pair of feed rollers arranged above the drum. In In this case there is the possibility of variation both in the distance of the Feed roller pair to the surface of the reel as well as in the controllable Working gap between the feed rollers, with the help of which the density and / or the fiber resolution of the fiber stream to be resolved by the drum can be influenced.

The task of the invention is further preferred applications of Fiber dispenser solved.

It is then provided in a first embodiment that the fiber dispenser for the formation of geometrically profiled fleece either for the subsequent compression and / or curing and / or profiling is used.

In a further embodiment, the fiber dispenser is used for the formation of Nonwoven with areas of different nonwoven density and / or nonwoven hardness and / or nonwoven fabric elasticity for the subsequent compaction and / or Curing and / or profiling used.

Furthermore, the fiber dispenser for the formation of nonwoven with in selected surface sections regarding different nonwoven qualities Geometry and / or nonwoven density and / or nonwoven hardness and / or Nonwoven fabric elasticity on a carrier nonwoven fabric of uniform quality another textile or non-textile carrier and / or one Use composite material with the same quality.

Finally, there is also the option of using the fiber dispenser for education of fleece with different in selected surface sections Nonwoven qualities with regard to geometry and / or nonwoven density and / or Nonwoven hardness and / or nonwoven elasticity in any geometric Form to use.  

An advantageous application of the created fiber dispenser stands out characterized in that several side by side and / or one after the other and / or staggered fiber dispensers to form fleece bodies with different nonwoven fabric qualities related to the unit area be used.

The fiber dispenser according to the invention is used in the distribution of fluidized fibers on a flat basis according to a selectable Degree of distribution by moving the entire fiber dispenser or movable part of the discharge nozzle during discharge of the Fiber air mixture. The application of this fiber air mixture takes place on an already conventionally manufactured nonwoven, on any Laminating material or other auxiliary substrates, of which it is after a Consolidation is removed again. The fiber dispenser can advantageously one or more times next to each other or offset used to each other to make a nonwoven with partial differences in fiber distribution, fiber quality and fiber quantity as well with regard to the desired profiles. When using several Fiber dispenser for the production of a nonwoven with partial differences it is also possible to mix different materials and material in the to be brought in according to requirements.

The decisive advantage of the new technical solution created is in the fact that the changed dimensions and functions of the In contrast to stationary nonwoven fabric forming machines, fiber dispensers uncomplicated way a partially different fiber application per se known carrier materials is possible.

The invention is explained in more detail below with exemplary embodiments become.

The attached drawing shows:

Figure 1 shows the schematic cross section of a fiber dispenser with several pairs of feed rollers in the rigid hopper.

Figure 2 is a schematic representation of various cross sections for the discharge end of the discharge nozzle.

Fig. 3 is the schematic cross-section of the fiber dispenser having a pressure plate and wedge-shaped arrangement to their feed rollers in the feed chute;

Fig. 4 is the schematic cross-section of the interaction of the drum, trough and trough roller with assembly of the tray edge as Umlenkungsort for the compacted fiber stream;

5 shows the schematic cross-section of the interaction of Tambour, trough and trough roller with assembly of the tray edge as Aufgleitebene of the densified fiber stream onto the reel.

Fig. 6 shows the schematic cross section of a fiber dispenser with arrangement of a pair of feed rollers on the reel and flexible parts on the filling shaft and on the discharge nozzle.

Embodiments Embodiment 1

A according to the Fig. 1 and 2 has. Fiber dispensers for the production of profiled nonwoven webs have a filling shaft 1 , a drum 7 and a discharge nozzle 9 . A total of four pairs of feed rollers 2 are arranged in the filling shaft 1 , with the aid of which a fibrous web with increased fiber density is produced by the downward wedge-shaped merging. Two sensors 3 for quality monitoring of the fiber stream are arranged in the filling shaft 1 . A trough 5 and a trough roller 4 cooperating with it are arranged below the lower pair of the feed rollers 2 . The tray edge 11 of the trough 5 is positioned so that the circumferential direction of the spool 7 causes a deflection of the fiber flow to the trough edge. 11 If necessary, a limited size reduction of the individual fibers is achieved. A changeable working gap can be realized between the trough 5 and the trough roller 4 . The housing of the drum 7 has - seen in the direction of rotation of the drum 7 - an air flow regulating diaphragm 6 . With the help of this airflow regulating orifice 6 , the ratio of conveying air and fluidized fibers in the airflow fiber mixture produced can be influenced.

In this system, the Drum 7 acts as a singling unit for the supplied fiber stream as well as a conveying device for the separated fibers and the conveying air stream. In addition, an injection duct 8 is arranged on the discharge nozzle 9 , with the latter. Help also the ratio between conveying air and fibers and at the same time the discharge speed of the airflow fiber mixture from the discharge nozzle 9 can be influenced. If necessary, nebulized binders can also be supplied to the airflow fiber mixture via this blowing channel 8 , which, depending on their setting in the nonwoven fabric produced, ensure the desired nonwoven fabric hardness or elasticity.

The discharge nozzle 9 has a rectangular cross section at its discharge end. The end piece can be designed to be interchangeable if necessary so that square, round or elliptical discharge cross sections can also be used.

Embodiment 2

In accordance with the Figs. 3 to 5, a fiber dispenser for the production of a non-woven fabric molded body in its basic components, such as the fiber dispenser in the embodiment 1 is designed. In the feed chute 1 , four feed rollers 2 are arranged so as to be offset from one another that they form a wedge-shaped gap which tapers downward with a pressure plate 10 which is variable in its position. The fiber stream is guided along the sliding plane of the printing plate 10 by means of driven feed rollers 2 . The compressed fiber stream thus passes into the working gap formed between the trough 5 and the driven trough roller 4 . Optionally, the work station formed by the trough 5 and the trough roller 4 can be arranged reversed, so that the trough edge 11 is located in the direction of rotation of the spool 7 according to FIG. 5. In this case, the deflection of the fiber stream around the trough edge 11 is prevented.

In the case of the arrangement of the work station, consisting of trough 5 and trough roller 4 according to FIG. 4, the deflection effect can be controlled in that this work station can influence the distance between the trough edge 11 and the surface of the spool 7 by changing the position of the work station parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fiber dispenser.

Embodiment 3

According to FIG. 6, a fiber dispenser according to exemplary embodiments 1 and 2 is characterized by the main components filling shaft 1 , drum 7 and discharge nozzle 9 . In order to increase the mobility of the fiber dispenser in the desired mobile use, the filling shaft 1 has a flexible part 1.1 . The discharge nozzle 9 is also additionally equipped with a flexible part 9.1 .

In the hopper 1 a counter driven feed roller pair 2 is arranged in the deepest part of the feed chute 1, dispensing a trough feeder.

This work station in the form of a pair of feed rollers 2 directs the fiber stream with simultaneous compression onto the surface of the spool 7 , from which the individual fiber stream is conveyed into the discharge nozzle 9 together with the air sucked in from the filling shaft 1 as an air stream fiber mixture.

Reference list

1

Filling shaft

1.1

flexible part of the hopper

2nd

Feed roller

3rd

Sensor for quality monitoring of the fiber flow

4

Trough roller

5

trough

6

Airflow control panel

7

Drum

8th

Injection duct

9

Discharge nozzle

9.1

flexible part of the discharge nozzle

10th

printing plate

11

Trough edge

Claims (27)

1. fiber dispenser for the production of non-woven fabrics, consisting of a filling shaft for fiber material in the transport state, a fiber separator and a fiber stream discharge nozzle, characterized in that
that at least one speed-adjustable feed roller ( 2 ) is arranged in the filling shaft ( 1 ),
that a trough roller ( 4 ) transporting the defined compressed fiber stream through the trough ( 5 ) is arranged in the filling shaft ( 1 ) below the feed rollers ( 2 ),
that there is an adjustable working gap between the trough roller ( 4 ) and the trough edge ( 11 ),
that underneath the trough roller ( 4 ) and trough ( 5 ) is a drum ( 7 ) serving as a speed-adjustable fiber separation cylinder and
that an accelerated by the kinetic energy of the drum (7) fiber stream receiving discharge nozzle is arranged downstream of the drum (7). 2. fiber dispenser for the production of non-woven fabrics, consisting of a filling shaft for fiber material in the transport state, a fiber separator and a fiber stream discharge nozzle, characterized in that
that a work station transporting the defined compressed fiber stream to the drum ( 7 ), consisting of at least one pair of feed rollers ( 2 ), is arranged in the lower region of the filling shaft ( 1 ),
that there is an adjustable working gap between several feed rollers ( 2 ),
that a drum ( 7 ) serving as a speed-controllable fiber-separating cylinder is arranged below the work roll station, and that the one due to the kinetic energy of the drum ( 7 )
accelerated fiber stream receiving discharge nozzle is arranged downstream of the drum ( 7 ). 3. Fiber dispenser according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one speed-controllable feed roller ( 2 ) is arranged in the filling shaft ( 1 ), 4. Fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that speed-adjustable feed rollers ( 2 ) are arranged in pairs and in opposite directions in the direction of rotation. 5. Fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a plurality of speed-adjustable feed rollers ( 2 ) are arranged with the roller gap decreasing downward to form a feed gap in the filling shaft ( 1 ). 6. Fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a pressure plate ( 10 ) is arranged in addition to the speed-adjustable feed rollers ( 2 ) in the filling shaft ( 1 ). 7. A fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the pressure plate ( 10 ) is arranged in the filling shaft ( 1 ) as a guiding plane which is variable in its position, vertically or inclined with respect to the vertical. 8. Fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the pressure plate as a positionally variable guide plane with a plurality of successively arranged speed-adjustable feed rollers ( 2 ) forms a tapering wedge-shaped cross section. 9. A fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the speed-adjustable feed rollers ( 2 ) are arranged to be variable in their position relative to the rigidly arranged control plane. 10. Fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized characterized in that a flat component with smoother as control level Surface is made of metal or plastic or composite. 11. Fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the guide plane or the pressure plate ( 10 ) is closed or perforated. 12. Fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least one sensor ( 3 ) for quality monitoring of the fiber stream is arranged in the filling shaft above or in the region of the feed rollers ( 10 ). 13. Fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a computer unit for evaluating the information from the sensor ( 3 ) for quality monitoring of the fiber stream and the speed of the feed rollers ( 2 ) is connected to the fiber dispenser. 14. A fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1, 4 to 13, characterized in that a position-changing device determining the selectable distance between the surface of the drum ( 7 ) and the trough ( 5 ) or the trough edge ( 11 ) is integrated in the fiber dispenser. 15. Fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1, 4 to 14, characterized in that the trough ( 5 ) and the trough roller ( 4 ) with respect to the vertical axis of the filling shaft ( 1 ) is arranged mirror-inverted. 16. A fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that an air flow regulating diaphragm ( 6 ) is arranged between the protective housing of the drum ( 7 ) and at least one lateral boundary wall of the filling shaft ( 1 ). 17. A fiber dispenser according to claim 16, characterized in that the position of the air flow regulating diaphragm ( 6 ) is variably adjustable. 18. Fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that in the region between the protective housing of the spool ( 7 ) and the discharge opening of the discharge nozzle ( 9 ) at least one of the addition of light, pressure and / or thermosetting binders and / or air and / or further fiber material serving blowing channel ( 8 ) is arranged. 19. A fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the protective housing of the drum ( 7 ) is followed by a discharge nozzle ( 9 ) with a square, rectangular, circular or elliptical cross section at least in the region of the discharge opening. 20. Fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that in the filling shaft ( 1 ) above the speed-adjustable feed rollers ( 2 ) or the trough rollers ( 4 ) is arranged an additional inlet for the addition of binder and / or other fiber material serving. 21. A fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that at least one part ( 1.1 ) of the fiber dispenser containing the entry opening of the filling chute ( 1 ) and / or one part ( 9.1 ) of the fiber dispenser containing the discharge nozzle ( 9 ), in each case related on the axis of the fiber dispenser, is designed to be movable in order to change the discharge direction to form geometric shapes. 22. A fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized characterized in that the fiber dispenser with at least one Mobility with the non-woven part securing part with one Single or multi-axis robot is connected.   23. Use of the fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the fiber dispenser for the formation of geometrically profiled fleece either for the subsequent Compression and / or curing and / or profiling is used. 24. Use of the fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the fiber dispenser for the formation of Nonwoven with areas of different nonwoven density and / or Nonwoven hardness and / or nonwoven elasticity for the subsequent Compaction and / or curing and / or profiling are used brought. 25. Use of the fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the fiber dispenser for the formation of Fleece with different in selected surface sections Nonwoven qualities in terms of geometry and / or nonwoven density and / or nonwoven hardness and / or nonwoven elasticity on one Carrier nonwoven fabric of uniform quality, on another textile or non-textile carrier and / or a composite with constant quality is used. 26. Use of the fiber dispenser make one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the fiber dispenser for the formation of Fleece with different in selected surface sections Nonwoven qualities with regard to geometry and / or nonwoven density and / or nonwoven hardness and / or nonwoven elasticity in any geometric shape is used.   27. Use of the fiber dispenser according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that several side by side and / or successively and / or staggered fiber dispensers to form nonwoven bodies with related to the unit area different qualities of nonwovens can be used.