DE10033853A1 - Transdermales therapeutisches System mit hochdispersem Siliziumdioxid - Google Patents
Transdermales therapeutisches System mit hochdispersem SiliziumdioxidInfo
- Publication number
- DE10033853A1 DE10033853A1 DE10033853A DE10033853A DE10033853A1 DE 10033853 A1 DE10033853 A1 DE 10033853A1 DE 10033853 A DE10033853 A DE 10033853A DE 10033853 A DE10033853 A DE 10033853A DE 10033853 A1 DE10033853 A1 DE 10033853A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- aerosil
- layer
- silicon dioxide
- transdermal therapeutic
- matrix
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
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- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002016 Aerosil® 200 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CGIGDMFJXJATDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indomethacin Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(O)=O)C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2N1C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 CGIGDMFJXJATDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910002019 Aerosil® 380 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- JOFWLTCLBGQGBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazolam Chemical compound C12=CC(Cl)=CC=C2N2C(C)=NN=C2CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1Cl JOFWLTCLBGQGBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEROTHRUZYBWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C KEROTHRUZYBWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOALFFJGWSCQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C XOALFFJGWSCQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004791 tropicamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003688 tropisetron Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZNRGQMMCGHDTEI-ITGUQSILSA-N tropisetron Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O[C@H]3C[C@H]4CC[C@@H](C3)N4C)=CNC2=C1 ZNRGQMMCGHDTEI-ITGUQSILSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950005696 utibapril Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950005709 vatanidipine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003712 vitamin E derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960005080 warfarin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PJVWKTKQMONHTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N warfarin Chemical compound OC=1C2=CC=CC=C2OC(=O)C=1C(CC(=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 PJVWKTKQMONHTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004855 xantinol nicotinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950000707 ximoprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950001074 zatosetron Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002769 zofenopril Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IAIDUHCBNLFXEF-MNEFBYGVSA-N zofenopril Chemical compound C([C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](C[C@@H](C1)SC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(O)=O)SC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IAIDUHCBNLFXEF-MNEFBYGVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001360 zolmitriptan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ULSDMUVEXKOYBU-ZDUSSCGKSA-N zolmitriptan Chemical compound C1=C2C(CCN(C)C)=CNC2=CC=C1C[C@H]1COC(=O)N1 ULSDMUVEXKOYBU-ZDUSSCGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDOZVRUNCMBHFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zotepine Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC1=CC2=CC=CC=C2SC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C12 HDOZVRUNCMBHFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFPIAZLQTJBIFN-DVZOWYKESA-N zuclopenthixol Chemical compound C1CN(CCO)CCN1CC\C=C\1C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C2/1 WFPIAZLQTJBIFN-DVZOWYKESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004141 zuclopenthixol Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
- A61K9/7023—Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms
- A61K9/703—Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms characterised by shape or structure; Details concerning release liner or backing; Refillable patches; User-activated patches
- A61K9/7038—Transdermal patches of the drug-in-adhesive type, i.e. comprising drug in the skin-adhesive layer
- A61K9/7046—Transdermal patches of the drug-in-adhesive type, i.e. comprising drug in the skin-adhesive layer the adhesive comprising macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/7053—Transdermal patches of the drug-in-adhesive type, i.e. comprising drug in the skin-adhesive layer the adhesive comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl, polyisobutylene, polystyrene
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
- A61K9/7023—Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms
- A61K9/703—Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms characterised by shape or structure; Details concerning release liner or backing; Refillable patches; User-activated patches
- A61K9/7038—Transdermal patches of the drug-in-adhesive type, i.e. comprising drug in the skin-adhesive layer
- A61K9/7046—Transdermal patches of the drug-in-adhesive type, i.e. comprising drug in the skin-adhesive layer the adhesive comprising macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/7053—Transdermal patches of the drug-in-adhesive type, i.e. comprising drug in the skin-adhesive layer the adhesive comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl, polyisobutylene, polystyrene
- A61K9/7061—Polyacrylates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/02—Inorganic compounds
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Transdermales therapeutisches System mit einer wirkstoffundurchlässigen Deckschicht, mit einer selbstklebenden Matrixschicht oder mit mehreren Matrixschichten, von denen mindestens die bei Applikation des Systems freiliegende Matrixschicht selbstklebend ist, und mit einer abziehbaren Schutzschicht, wobei die Matrixschicht(en) einen oder mehrere Wirkstoffe und/oder einen oder mehrere andere biologisch aktive Stoffe und hochdisperses Siliziumdioxid enthält (enthalten), wobei ausgenommen sind: DOLLAR A eine Matrix auf Acrylat-Basis mit einem Gehalt an Isosorbiddinitrat, DOLLAR A eine Matrix auf Acrylat-Basis mit einem Gehalt an Indomethacin, DOLLAR A eine Matrix auf Basis von Poly-1,4-butadien und Naturkautschuk und eine Matrix auf Basis von Poly-vinylalkohol und Poly-vinylpyrrolidon, DOLLAR A sofern diese Schicht(en) dieser Matrizes nicht mit einem Haftkleber (Klebeschicht) versehen sind.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft hochdisperses Siliziumdioxid als penetrationsfördernde Substanz in
wirkstoffhaltigen transdermalen therapeutischen Systemen.
Die transdermale Applikation bietet für eine Vielzahl von pharmazeutischen Wirkstoffen oder
anderen biologisch aktiven Stoffen eine Reihe von Vorteilen:
die Haut ist unbegrenzt zugänglich,
es erfolgt kein Milieuwechsel wie bei der peroralen Applikation,
die Handhabung ist einfach und bequem,
es genügt normalerweise eine einmalige Gabe statt mehrfacher täglicher Gaben,
die Patienten-Compliance ist wesentlich besser,
es ist eine kontinuierliche Langzeittherapie möglich,
die Freisetzung des Wirkstoffes erfolgt annähernd gemäß einer Kinetik 0-ter Ordnung,
eine Therapie kann schneller unterbrochen werden,
es wird ein konstanter Plasmaspiegel über längere Zeit sichergestellt,
ein anfangs zu hoher Plasmaspiegel, wie bei intravenöser Applikation wird vermieden und es bedarf teilweise einer niedrigeren Dosierung als bei der oralen Gabe durch Umgehung der 1. Passage, wodurch eine geringere Nebenwirkungsrate auftritt,
die Gefahr von Über- oder Unterdosierung ist geringer,
es wird eine kontrollierte Abgabe von Wirkstoffen insbesondere mit niedrigem therapeutischen Index sichergestellt.
die Haut ist unbegrenzt zugänglich,
es erfolgt kein Milieuwechsel wie bei der peroralen Applikation,
die Handhabung ist einfach und bequem,
es genügt normalerweise eine einmalige Gabe statt mehrfacher täglicher Gaben,
die Patienten-Compliance ist wesentlich besser,
es ist eine kontinuierliche Langzeittherapie möglich,
die Freisetzung des Wirkstoffes erfolgt annähernd gemäß einer Kinetik 0-ter Ordnung,
eine Therapie kann schneller unterbrochen werden,
es wird ein konstanter Plasmaspiegel über längere Zeit sichergestellt,
ein anfangs zu hoher Plasmaspiegel, wie bei intravenöser Applikation wird vermieden und es bedarf teilweise einer niedrigeren Dosierung als bei der oralen Gabe durch Umgehung der 1. Passage, wodurch eine geringere Nebenwirkungsrate auftritt,
die Gefahr von Über- oder Unterdosierung ist geringer,
es wird eine kontrollierte Abgabe von Wirkstoffen insbesondere mit niedrigem therapeutischen Index sichergestellt.
In vielen Fällen besitzen Wirkstoffe, die trotz ihrer niedrigen Dosierung und ihrer hohen
Wirkpotenz ideale Kandidaten sind, eine derart geringe Hautpermeation, daß mit einfachen
transdermalen therapeutischen Systemen eine Erzielung von therapeutischen Plasmaspiegeln
nicht möglich ist. Für all diese Wirkstoffe ist es notwendig, dem System sogenannte
Permeationsförderer zuzusetzen, um die Aufnahme in den systemischen Kreislauf zu erhöhen.
Penetrationsfördernde Substanzen müssen neben ihrer spezifischen Aufgabe folgende ideale
Eigenschaften besitzen:
Sie müssen auch bei längerem Verbleib auf der Haut sowohl unter okklusiven als auch unter
nicht-okklusiven Bedingungen hautverträglich sein, dürfen kein allergenisierendes Potential
besitzen und müssen wirkstoffkompatibel sein.
Die aus der Literatur bekannten Enhancer lassen sich verschiedenen chemischen Klassen
zuordnen:
- 1. Primäre und sekundäre Alkohole
- 1. 1.1 Kurzkettige primäre Alkohole C2 bis C8
- 2. 1.2 Langkettige primäre Alkohole C4 bis C16
- 3. 1.3 Sekundäre Alkohole C3 bis C20
- 2. Tenside
- 1. 2.1 Anionische Tenside wie z. B. Na-Dodecylsulfat
- 2. 2.2. Kationische Tenside (z. B. Cetylpyridiniumchlorid) bzw. Amine
- 3. Gesättigte und ungesättigte Fettsäuren
- 4. Azone und Derivate (1-Alkylazacycloheptan-2-on, 1-Alkylazacycloalkanon)
- 5. Amide wie N,N-Diethyl-3-methylbenzamid (DEET), N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide
- 6. Alkyl-N,N,-dialkylaminoacetat
- 7. Macrocyclische Ketone und Lactone
- 8. Pyrrolidone
- 9. Ester wie Etylacetat, Isopropylmyristat, Glycerinmonolaurat, Diethylsebacat, Propylenglykolester gesättigter Fettsäuren
- 10. Terpene wie Limonen, Menthol, Cineol
- 11. Phospholipide
- 12. Organische Säuren wie Citronensäure, Salicylsäure, etc.
Die Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Stoffe verschiedenster chemischer Struktur mit bekannter
penetrationsfördernder Wirkung läßt einen einzigen Wirkungsmechanismus als
unwahrscheinlich erscheinen. So werden dann auch verschiedene Mechanismen bzw.
Kombinationen von Mechanismen diskutiert.
- 1. Lösemitteleffekte bezogen auf Wirkstoff und Hautlipide
- 2. Effekte auf die dreidimensionale Lipidstruktur der Membran
- 3. Effekte auf das Keratin und die Proteinstruktur der Haut
Bei der Vielzahl von Wechselwirkungen innerhalb der Haut und der unterschiedlichen
chemischen Natur der Wirkstoffe lassen sich die penetrationsfördernden Eigenschaften all
dieser Enhancer bezüglich eines Wirkstoffes nur schwer voraus sagen.
Erfahrungsgemäß gilt, daß äußerst selten eine penetrationsfördernde Substanz bzw. ein
bestimmtes Gemisch für mehrere Wirkstoffe oder Wirkstoffgruppen die geforderten
Eigenschaften erfüllt.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Bereitstellung von einer penetrationsfördernden Substanz, die
hautverträglich und wirkstoffkompatibel ist, sowie kein Allergenisierungspotential besitzt.
Darüber hinaus sollte sie leicht zugänglich und wirtschaftlich sein und gleichzeitig eine
penetrationsfördernde Wirkung auf mehr als auf einen Wirkstoff besitzen.
Überraschenderweise wurde nun gefunden, daß hochdisperses Siliziumdioxid die Eigenschaft
aufweist, die Penetration von Wirkstoffen und/oder anderen biologisch aktiven Substanzen
durch die Haut wesentlich zu erhöhen.
Hochdisperses Siliziumdioxid, auch bekannt unter dem Namen Aerosil® von der Firma
Degussa-Hüls, wird üblicherweise zur Verdickung, Thixotropierung und Verstärkung
verwendet. Aerosil bewirkt bei allen Elastomeren eine beträchtliche Verbesserung der
mechanischen Eigenschaften, wie der Zug-, der Weiterreiß- oder Einreißfestigekeit. In
feststoffhaltigen Flüssigkeiten, z. B. pigmentierten Lackfarben, verhindert oder verzögert
Aerosil eine Sedimentation. Die Agglomeration und das Zusammenbacken der
Feststoffteilchen von pulverförmigen Substanzen wird durch Aerosil als Fließhilfsmittel
verhindert, so daß die Verpackung, Lagerung und Handhabung auch bei hoher
Luftfeuchtigekeit und Druckbeanspruchung gewährleistet ist.
FR 5381 beschreibt Aerosil als Verdickungsmittel für topisch zu applizierende Salben.
DE 34 16 248 beschreibt den Zusatz von kolloidalen Siliziumdioxid in eine Pflastermatrix zur
Viskositätserhöhung. FR 2547502 beschreibt eine Matrix für transdermale therapeutische
Systeme, in der kolloidales Siliziumdioxid als thixotropes Agenz zugesetzt wird.
JP 2512565 B2 (Database Chemical Abstracts, AN 115: 263477),
JP 2503095 B2 (Database Chemical Abstracts, AN 116: 262553),
JP 06065066 (Database Chemical Abstracts, AN 121: 42787) und
JP 04368323 (Database Chemical Abstracts, AN 118: 175811) beschreiben Pflaster, bei denen Aerosil als Füllstoff eingesetzt wird.
JP 09169636 (Database Chemical Abstracts, AN 127: 86139) beschreibt Siliziumdioxid in einem Pflaster zur Verringerung der Hautirritation.
JP 2512565 B2 (Database Chemical Abstracts, AN 115: 263477),
JP 2503095 B2 (Database Chemical Abstracts, AN 116: 262553),
JP 06065066 (Database Chemical Abstracts, AN 121: 42787) und
JP 04368323 (Database Chemical Abstracts, AN 118: 175811) beschreiben Pflaster, bei denen Aerosil als Füllstoff eingesetzt wird.
JP 09169636 (Database Chemical Abstracts, AN 127: 86139) beschreibt Siliziumdioxid in einem Pflaster zur Verringerung der Hautirritation.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch hochdisperses Siliziumdioxid gelöst, das als
penetrationsfördernde Substanz in wirkstoffhaltigen oder in andere biologisch aktive Stoffe
enthaltenden transdermalen therapeutischen Systemen wirkt.
Als hochdisperses Siliziumdioxid kann erfindungsgemäß Aerosil ®90, Aerosil ®130,
Aerosil ®150, Aerosil ®200, Aerosil ®300, Aerosil ®380, Aerosil ®OX50, Aerosil ®TT600,
Aerosil ®MOX80, Aerosil ®COK84, Aerosil ®R202, Aerosil ®R805, Aerosil ®R812,
Aerosil ®8125, Aerosil ®R972 und/oder Aerosil ®R974 oder jedes andere hochdisperse
Silizimdioxid, insbesondere Aerosil ®200 und/oder Aerosil ®R972, verwendet werden.
Das transdermale therapeutische System, das den erfindungsgemäßen Permeationsförderer
Siliziumdioxid enthält, stellt ein Pflaster dar. Bei diesem Pflaster kann es sich um ein Matrix-
oder Membransystem handeln, welches eine undurchlässige Deckschicht und eine abziehbare
Schutzschicht aufweist. Bei einem Membransystem liegt das Reservoir bzw. die
Reservoirschicht zwischen der Deckschicht und der Membran.
Als undurchlässige Deckschicht kommen Folien aus Acetal, Acrylat, Acrylonitril-Butadien-
Styrol, Acrylonitril (Methyl Methacrylat) Copolymer, Acrylonitril Copolymer, Ethylen Ethyl
Acrylat, Ethylen Methyl Acrylat, Ethylen Vinyl Acetat, Ethylen Vinyl Acetat Copolymer,
Ethylen Vinylalkohol Polymer, Ionomere, Nylon (Polyamid), Nylon (Polyamid) Copolymer,
Polybutylen, Polycarbonat, Polyester, Polyethylenterephthalat, thermoplastisches Polyester
Copolymer, Polyethylen Copolymer (high density), Polyethylen (high-molecular-weight,
high-density), Polyethylen (intermediate-molecular-weight, high-density), Polyethylen(linear
low density), Polyethylen (low density), Polyethylen (medium density), Polyethylenoxid,
Polyimid, Polypropylen, Polypropylen (coated), Polypropylen (oriented), Polystyrol,
Polyurethan, Polyvinylacetat, Polyvinylchlorid, Polyvinylidenchlorid und/oder Styrol-
Acrylonitril in Frage, die bei Bedarf metallisiert oder pigmentiert werden können.
Für die abziehbare Schutzschicht kommen Polyester, Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Polysiloxan,
Polyacrylat, Ethylenvinylacetat, Polyurethan, Polyisobuten oder Papier, meistens mit Silikon-
und/oder Polyethylen beschichtet, oder ein Gemisch aus diesen in Betracht.
Ein Matrixpflaster besteht aus einer für den Wirkstoff undurchlässigen Deckschicht, aus einer
oder mehreren den Wirkstoff enthaltenden, selbstklebenden Matrixschicht(en) oder einer oder
mehreren Matrixschicht(en), die mit einem Haftkleber beschichtet sind und einer abziehbaren
Schutzschicht.
Für die Matrix werden die medizinisch üblichen Matrixbildner wie Polyacrylat, Silikon,
Polyisobutylen, Kautschuk, kautschukähnliche synthetische Homo-, Co- oder Blockpolymere,
Butylkautschuk, Styrol/Isopren-Copolymerisat, Polyurethane, Copolymere des Ethylens,
Polysiloxane, Styrol/Butadien-Copolymerisat oder ein Gemisch aus diesen, wie sie im Stand
der Technik vorgesehen werden, verwendet.
Als Kleber kann Polydimethylsiloxan, Polyacrylate, Polyisobutylen, Polyacrylat mit C4-C10
Alkylalkoholestern, amminrestistentes Silikon in Ethylacetat oder n-Heptan, Polyisobutylen/
Mineralöl oder ein Gemisch aus diesen verwendet werden.
Eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsform stellt ein Membransystem dar. Dieses
besteht aus einer für den Wirkstoff undurchlässigen Deckschicht, einem wirkstoffhaltigen
Reservoir oder einer Reservoirschicht, einer semipermeablen Membran, einer
Haftklebeschicht und einer abziehbaren Schutzschicht.
Die Matrix (die Matrizes) oder das Reservoir enthält den oder die Wirkstoff(e) und
gegebenenfalls Stabilisatoren, Emulgatoren, Verdickungsmittel, Permeationsförderer und/
oder übliche Matrix-, Membransystem- bzw. Reservoirpflaster-Hilfsmittel. Als Gelbildner
können bei Bedarf Cellulosederivate, wie z. B. Methylcellulose, Hydroxypropylcellulose,
Hydroxyethylcellulose oder Carboxymethylcellulose, und/oder Carboxyvinylpolymer,
Polyacrylate, Natrium-Plyoxilat oder ein Gemisch aus diesen verwendet werden.
Die Membran, die üblicherweise aus inerten Polymeren, insbesondere auf Basis von
Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Polyvinylacetat, Polyamid, Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymeren
und/oder Silikon, besteht, kann je nach Porengröße eine die Wirkstoffreisetzung
kontrollierende Wirkung haben.
Für die Haftklebeschicht kann man ein druckempfindliches Klebemittel beispielsweise auf
Polyurethanbasis, Polyisobutylenbasis, Polyvinyletherbasis, Siliconbasis, Polyacrylatbasis
oder ein Gemisch aus diesen wählen.
Bei dem Klebemittel auf Silkonbasis kann es sich um Silikonkleber handeln, welche auf zwei
Hauptbestandteilen basieren: Ein Polymer oder Klebstoff, insbesondere Polysiloxan, und ein
die Klebrigkeit erhöhendes Harz. Der Polysiloxankleber ist gewöhnlich mit einem Vernetzer
für den Kleber, typischerweise mit einem hochmolekularen Polydiorganosiloxan, und mit
dem Harz zubereitet, um über ein angemessenes organisches Lösungsmittel eine
dreidimensionale Silikatstruktur zu ergeben. Die Zumischung des Harzes zu Polymer ist der
wichtigste Faktor, um die physikalischen Eigenschaften der polysiloxanen Kleber zu ändern;
vgl. beispielsweise Sobieski, et al., "Silicone Pressure Sensitive Adhesives", Handbook of
Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Technology, 2nd ed., pp. 508-517 (D. Satas, ed.), Van Nostrand
Reinhold, New sive Technology, 2nd ed., pp. 508-517 (D. Satas, ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold,
New York (1989).
Ein weiteres Beispiel für ein druckempfindliches Klebemittel auf Silikonbasis ist
trimethyliertes Siliciumdioxid, das mit Polydimethylsiloxan mit endständigen
Trimethylsiloxy-Gruppen behandelt worden ist.
Bei den Klebemitteln auf Polyacrylatbasis kann es sich um ein beliebiges Homopolymer,
Copolymer oder Terpolymer, bestehend aus verschiedenen Acrylsäurederivaten handeln.
So können die Polyacrylate Polymere eines oder mehrerer Monomere von Acrylsäuren und
anderen copolymerisierbaren Monomeren sein. Außerdem können die Acrylatpolymere
Copolymere von Alkylacrylaten und/oder -methacrylaten und/oder copolymerisierbaren
sekundären Monomeren oder Monomeren mit funktionellen Gruppen umfassen. Verändert
man den Betrag jeder Sorte, die als Monomer hinzugefügt ist, können die kohäsiven
Eigenschaften der daraus resultierenden Acrylatpolymere verändert werden. Im allgemeinen
besteht das Acrylatpolymer aus mindestens 50 Gew.-% eines Acrylat-, Methacrylat-,
Alkylacrylat- oder Alkylmethacrylat-Monomers, 0 bis 20% eines funktionellen Monomers,
copolymerisierbar mit Acrylat, und 0 bis 50% eines anderen Monomeren.
Im folgenden sind verschiedene Acrylatmonomere, wie z. B. Acrylsäure, Methacrylsäure,
Butylacrylat, Butylmethacrylat, Hexylacrylat, Hexylmethacrylat, Isooctylacrylat,
Isooctylmethacrylat, Glycidylmethacrylat, 2-Hydroxyethylacrylat, Methylacrylat,
Methylmethacrylat, 2-Ethylhexylacrylat, 2-Ethylhexylmethacrylat, Decylacrylat,
Decylmethacrylat, Dodecylacrylat, Dodecylmethacrylat, Tridecylacrylat und
Tridecylmethacrylat, aufgeführt, die alleine oder in Mischung polymerisiert werden können.
Zusätzlich können funktionelle Monomere, die mit den oben genannten Acrylaten
copolymerisierbar sind, wie beispielsweise Acrylsäure, Methacrylsäure, Maleinsäure,
Maleinanhydrid, Hydroxyethylacrylat, Hydroxypropylacrylat, Acrylamid,
Dimethylacrylamid, Acrylnitril, Dimethylaminoethylacrylat, Dimethylaminoethylmethacrylat,
tert.-Butylaminoethylacrylat, ter.-Butylaminoethylmethacrylat, Methoxyethylacrylat,
Vinylacetat und Methoxyethylmethacrylat, zur Copolymerisierung eingesetzt werden.
Weiter Einzelheiten und Beispiele für druckempfindliche Acrylate, welche für die Erfindung
geeignet sind, sind in Satas Handbook of Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Technology "Acrylic
Adhesives", 2nd ed., pp. 396-456 (D. Satas, ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York (1989)
beschrieben.
Das erfindungsgemäße penetrationsfördernde hochdisperse Siliziumdioxid liegt in der
Kleberschicht eingearbeitet vor. Es ist in dieser homogen verteilt. Um eine homogene
Verteilung zu erlangen, muß das Siliziumdioxid im allgemeinen mit dem Klebstoff bei der
Einarbeitung quellen. Während der Quellphase wird das Kleber-Siliziumdioxid-Gemisch mit
einem geeigneten Gerät z. B. mit einem Ultraturax über eine längere Zeit durchmischt.
Der Gehalt an hochdispersem Siliziumdioxid bezogen auf das Matrixgewicht der
Klebeschicht des transdermalen therapeutischen Systems kann 0,1-10 Gew.-%, insbesondere
2-5 Gew.-% und bevorzugt 2,4 oder 5 Gew.-% betragen.
Der in dem transdermalen therapeutischen System enthaltene Wirkstoff kann z. B. ein
Vertreter aus der Wirkstoffgruppe der Corticoide, Androgene, Östrogene, Gestagene,
Protonenpumpenhemmer, 5-HT1-Antagonisten, Sympatholytika/Sympathomimetika,
Anticholinergika, Tranquillantien/Anxiolytika, Entwöhnungsmittel, Analgetika, Calcium-
Antagonisten, Antiemetika, Vasodilatoren, Opiat-Antagonisten, Gerinnungshemmer,
Antiparkinsonmittel, Antidementiva/Cholinesterasehemmer, ACE-Hemmer, Antihistaminika,
Ulkustherapeutika/H2-Rezeptorblocker, Angiotensin-II-Antagonisten, Neuroleptika,
Antidepressiva, Lokalanästhetika und/oder Lipidsenker sein.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Corticoide z. B. Beclomethason, Budesonidpropionat, Flunisolidacetat, Triamcinolon,
Fluticason, Betamethason-17-valerat, Glycinsäure, Fluocortolon, Beclomethasondipropionat,
Budesonidbase, Dexamethason, Hydrocortison, Flunisolid, Prednison, Triamcinolonacetonid,
Methylprednisolon, Betamethason, Deflazacort, Cortison, Cortisonacetat, Prednyliden,
Cloprednol, Fluocortolon-21-hexanoat, Prednicarbat und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren
pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Androgene z. B. Testosteron, Testosteronundecanoat, Androsteron und/oder deren
Derivate und/oder deren pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente
enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Östrogene z. B. Estradiol, Estradiolbenzoat, Estradiolvalerat, Estradioldipropionat, Estron,
Estriol, Ethinylestradiol, Diethylstilbestrol, Diethylstilbestroldimethylether,
Diethylstilbestroldiphosphat, Diethylstilbestroldipropionat und/oder deren Derivate und/oder
deren weitere pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Gestagene z. B. Progesteron, Cyproteronacetat, Cyproteron, Chlormadinon,
Chlormadinonacetat, Medroxyprogesteronacetat, Levonorgestrel, Norgestrel, Norgestimat,
Norethiestronacetat und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren weitere pharmazeutisch
unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Protonenpumpenhemmer z. B. Omeprazol, Esomeprazol, Lansoprazol, Leminoprazol,
Pantoprazol, Rabeprazol, Polaprezinc und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren
pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Miränemittel bzw. 5-HT1-Antagonisten z. B. Lisurid, Sumatriptan,
Sumatriptanhydrogensuccinat, Rizatriptan, Rizatriptanbenzoat, Almotriptan, Avitriptan,
Eletriptan, Frovatriptan, Naratriptan, Zolmitriptan und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren
weitere pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Sympatholytika/ Sympathomimetika z. B. Adimolol, Adrenalin, Albuterol, Alpenolol,
Amosulalol, Arotinolol, Atenolol, Bambuterol, Betaxolol, Bevantolol, Bisoprolol, Bitolterol,
Bopindolol, Broxaterol, Bucindolol, Bucumolol, Bufuralol, Bunitrolol, Bupranolol,
Butofilolol, Carazolol, Carbuterol, Carteolol, Carvedilol, Cetamolol, Cicloprolol, Clenbuterol,
Cloranolol, Crateolol, Dihydroergotamin, Dihydroergotamintartrat,
Dihydroergotaminmesylat, Dilevalol, Doxazosin, Etilefrin, Epanolol, Esatenolol, Esmolol,
Fenetyllin, Fenoterol, Formoterol, Ibuterol, Isoprenalin, Labetalol, Landiolol, Levobetaxolol,
Levobunolol, Levosalbutamol, Mabuterol, Mepindolol, Metipranolol, Metoprolol, Morazon,
Nebivolol, Nipradilol, Norfenefrin, Noradrenalin, Oxprenolol, Penbutolol, Picumeterol,
Pimolol, Pindolol, Pirbuterol, Phenmetrazin Phenylephedrin, Phentolamin, Phenoxybenzamin,
Prazosin, Procaterol, Propanolol, Rimiterol, Reproterol, Salbutamol, Salmeterol, Sotalol,
Sulfonterol, Terazosin, Terbutalin, Tertatolol, Tienoxolol, Tilisolol, Timolol, Tolazolin,
Toliprolol, Tolubuterol, Tamsulosin, Clonidin, Moxonidin und/oder deren Derivate und/oder
deren pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Anticholinergika z. B. Ipratropium, Oxitropium, Atropin, Scopolaminbase,
Ipratropiumbromid, Oxitropiumbromid, Atropinmethylbromid, Atropinmethylnitrat,
Atropinsulfat, Atropinvalerianat, Scopolaminhydrobromid, Scopolaminhydrochlorid,
Scopolaminhydroiodid, Tropicamid, Oxybutinin und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren
weitere pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Tranquillantien/Anxiolytika z. B. Alprazolam, Bentazepam, Bromazepam, Camazepam,
Clorazepat, Clonazepam, Clotiazepam, Diazepam, Etiracetam, Etiolam, Fludiazepam,
Flunitrazepam, Flurazepam, Flutazolam, Flutoprazepam, Halazepam, Ketazolam,
Loprazolam, Lorazepam, Lormetazepam, Medazepam, Metaclazapam, Mexazolam,
Midazolam, Nitrazepam, Norazepam, Oxazepam, Oxazolam, Prazepam, Temazepam,
Triazolam und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als
Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Entwöhnungsmittel z. B. Nicotin, Methadon, Disulfiram, Lobelin und/oder deren Derivate
und/oder deren pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Analgetika z. B. Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Alminoprofen, Bermoprofen, Carprofen,
Dexibuprofen, Dexketoprofen, Fenoprofen, Flobufen, Flunoxaprofen, Flurbiprofen,
Loxoprofen, Pelobiprofen, Pranoprofen, Pentazocin, Tilnoprofen, Ximoprofen, Zaltroprofen,
Diclofenac, Amfenac, Bromfenac, Clidanac, Etodolac, Felbinac, Fentiazac, Mofezolac,
Oxindanac, Tifurac, Indomethacin, Acemetacin, Piroxicam, Ampiroxicam, Meloxicam,
Isoxicam, Lornoxicam, Tenoxicam, Butorphanol Buprenorphin, Morphin, Hydromorphon,
Dihydrocodein, Oxycodon, Piritramid, Pentazocin, Levomethadon, Tramadol, Fentanyl,
Codein, Codeinhydrochlorid, Codeinphosphat, Tilidin, Tilidinmesylat, Tilidinhydrochlorid,
Diclofenac-Natrium, Amfenac-Natrium, Bromfenac-Natrium, Clidanac-Natrium, Etodolac-
Natrium, Felbinac-Natrium, Fentiazac-Natrium, Mofezolac-Natrium, Oxindanac-Natrium,
Tifurac-Natrium, Indomethacin-Natrium, Acemetacin-Natrium, Meloxicam-Cyclodextrin,
Buprenorphinhydrochlorid, Morphinacetat, Hydromorphonhydrochlorid,
Oxycodonhydrochlorid, Piritramidhydrogentartrat, Levomethadonhydrochlorid,
Fentanyldihydrogencitrat und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren weitere pharmazeutisch
unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Calcium-Antagonisten z. B. Amlodipin, Arandipin, Azelmidipin, Barnidipin, Benidipin,
Cilnidipin, Efonidipin, Felodipin, Flordipin, Iganidipin, Isradipin, Lacidipin, Lercanidipin,
Manidipin, Nicardipin, Nifedipin, Nilvadipin, Nisoldipin, Nitrendipin, Palonidipin,
Pranidipin, Ticlopidin, Vatanidipin, Clentiazem und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren
pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Antiemetika z. B. Alizaprid, Azasetron, Batanoprid, Cleboprid, Dazoprid, Dolasetron,
Domperidon, Granisetron, Itasetron, Levosulpirid, Metoclopramid, Nabilon, Ondansetron,
Pancoprid, Ramosetron, Tropisetron, Zatosetron und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren
pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Vasodilatoren z. B. Glyceroltrinitrat (Nitroglycerin), Isosorbiddinitrat, Isosorbid-5-
Mononitrat, Pentaerythrityltetranitrat, Molsidomin und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren
weitere pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Opiat-Antagonisten z. B. Naloxon, Naltrexon und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren
pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Gerinnungshemmer z. B. Heparin-Natrium, Certoparin, Dalteparin, Danaparoid,
Enoxaparin, Nadroparin, Reviparin, Tinzaparin, Heparinoide, Warfarin, Phenprocoumon,
Acenocoumarol und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen
Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Antiparkinsonmittel z. B.. Aptiganel, Biperiden, Budipin, Cabergolin, Droxidopa,
Etacapon, Idazoxan, Lazabemid, Milacemid, Mofegilin, Pergolid (Pergolidmesylat,
Pergolidhydrochlorid), Pramipexol, Quineloran, Rasagelin, Remacemid, Ropinorol, Selegilin,
Talipexol, Tolcapon und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren weitere pharmazeutisch
unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Antidementiva/ Cholinesterasehemmer z. B. Rivastigmin, Neostigmin, Physostigmin,
Pyridostigmin, Donepezil, Tacrin und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren weitere
pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der ACE-Hemmer z. B. Alacepril, Benazepril, Captopril, Ceronapril, Cilazapril, Denapril,
Enalapril, Enalaprilmaleat, Fosinopril, Imidapril, Lisinopril, Moexipril, Moveltipril,
Perindopril, Quinapril, Ramipril, Ramiprilat, Ramiprilmesylat, Rentiapril, Spirapril,
Temocapril, Trandolapril, Trandolaprilmesylat, Utibapril, Zofenopril und/oder deren
Derivate und/oder deren weitere pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als
Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Antihistaminika z. B. Acrivastin, Astemizol, Carebastin, Cetirizin,
Descarbethoxyloratadin, Dimetinden, Ebastin, Emedastin, Epinastin, Fexofenadin, Ketotifen,
Levocabastin, Loratadin, Mequitazin, Mizolastin, Nafamostat, Norastemizol, Olopatidin,
Oxatomid, Rupatadin, Tazifyllin, Temelastin, Traxanox und/oder deren Derivate und/oder
deren weitere pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Ulkustherapeutika/H2-Rezeptorblocker z. B. Dalcotidin, Famotidin, Lafutidin, Niperdidin,
Nizatridin, Osutidin, Pibutidin, Pirenzepin, Ramixotidin, Ranitidin, Proglumid, Misoprostol
und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als
Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Angiotensin-II-Antagonisten z. B. Candesartan, Candesartan-Cilexetil, Losartan,
Tasosartan, Telmisartan, und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren pharmazeutisch
unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Neuroleptika z. B. Sulpirid, Promethazin, Benperidol, Haloperidol, Chlorprothixen,
Clozapin, Fluphenazin, Perphenazin, Droperidol, Pipamperon, Prothipendyl, Melperon,
Flupentixoldecanoat, Fluspirilen, Bromperidol, Levomepromazinhydrogenmaleat, Zotepin,
Pimozid, Perazin, Chlorprometazin, Trifluprometazin, Risperidon, Sertindol, Amisulprid,
Olanzapin, Zuclopenthixol, Thioridazin und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren
pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Antidepressiva z. B. Amitriptylin, Clomopramin, Maprotilin, Doxepin, Citalopram,
Fluvoxamin, Reboxetin, Alprazolam, Fluoxetin, Lofepramin, Mianserin und/oder deren
Derivate und/oder deren pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als Wirkstoffkomponente
enthalten
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Lokalanästhetika z. B. Lidocain, Prilocain, Benzocain, Cocain, Procain, Tetracain,
Bupivacain, Cinchocain, Etidocain, Mepivacain, Butanilicain, Levobupivacain, Ropivacain
und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als
Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten
Das transdermale therapeutische System kann einen oder mehrere Vertreter aus der Gruppe
der Lipidsenker z. B. Colestyramin, Xantinolnicotinat, Fluvastatin, Simvastatin, Atorvastatin,
Pravastatin, Cerivastatin, Dalvastatin, Itavastatin, Lovastatin, Dextrothyroxim-Natrium und/
oder deren Derivate und/oder deren pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze als
Wirkstoffkomponente enthalten.
Der in dem transdermalen therapeutischen System beinhaltete Wirkstoff kann aber auch z. B.
Leflunomid, Indapamid, Hydroxytamoxifen, Fusidinsäure, Finasterid, Tirofiban,
Rosiglitazon, Pioglitazon, Montelukast und/oder deren Derivate und/oder deren
pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze sein.
Unter pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salzen der genannten basischen Wirkstoffe werden
Säureadditionssalze verstanden. Diese erhält man durch die Reaktion des in der freien
Basenform vorliegenden Wirkstoffes mit pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Säuren.
Pharmazeutisch unbedenkliche Säuren sind anorganische Säuren (z. B. Salzsäure,
Bromwasserstoffsäure, Schwefelsäure, Salpetersäure, Phosphorsäure) oder organische Säuren
(z. B. Essig-, Propion-, Hydroxyessig-, Milch-, Brenztrauben-, Oxal-, Malein-, Malon-,
Bernstein-, Fumar-, Äpfel-, Wein-, Citronen-, Methansulfon-, Ethansulfon-, Benzolsulfon-, p-
Toluolsulfon-, Cyclohexansulfamin-, Salicyl-, p-Aminosalicyl- und Pamoasäure). Ebenso als
Säureadditionssalze werden Solvate mit dem Wirkstoff bezeichnet. Derartige Solvate sind
z. B. Hydrate, Alkoholate und dergleichen.
Als mögliche pharmazeutisch unbedenkliche Salze der genannten sauren Wirkstoffe kommen
vor allem Alkalimetall- und/oder Erdalkalimetallsalze sowie das Ammoniumsalz in Frage
wie z. B. das Kalium-, Natrium-, Lithium-, Calcium-, Magnesium- und Ammoniumsalz.
Bevorzugt werden gut wasserlösliche Wirkstoffe, deren Derivate und/oder deren
pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Salze in dem transdermalen therapeutischen System als
Wirkstoffkomponente verwendet.
In dem Reservoir bzw. in der Matrixschicht können neben dem Wirkstoff gegebenenfalls
weitere nach dem Stand der Technik bekannte Penetrationsförderer enthalten sein, wenn die
Penetration des Wirkstoffes durch die Haut bei Abwesenheit des erfindungsgemäßen
Siliziumdioxids im transdermalen therapeutischen System nicht ausreichend hoch ist. Als
zusätzliche Permeationsförderer lassen sich ein- und/oder mehrwertige aliphatische,
cycloaliphatische und/oder aromatisch-aliphatische Alkohole mit jeweils bis zu acht C-
Atomen, z. B. Ethanol, 1,2-Propandiol, Dexpanthenol und/oder Polyethylenglykol; Alkohol/
Wasser-Gemische; gesättigte und/oder ungesättigte Fettalkohole mit jeweils 8-18 C-
Atomen; Terpene; z. B. Cineol, Carveol, Menthon, Terpineol, Verbenon, Menthol, Limonen,
Thymol, Cymen, Terpinen-4-ol, Neomenthol, Geraniol, Fenchon; Gemische aus Terpenen
und Etanol und/oder Propylenglykol; Teebaumöl; gesättigte und/oder ungesättigte cyclische
Ketone; Alkyl-Methylsulfoxide; gesättigte und/oder ungesättigte Fettsäuren mit jeweils
8-18 C-Atomen; deren Ester und Salze; natürliches Vitamin E; synthetisches Vitamin E und/
oder Vitamin E- Derivate; Sorbitanfettsäureester und ethoxylierte Sorbitanfettsäureester;
Azone (Laurocapram); Azone gemischt mit Alkoholen; Harnstoff; 1-Alkylpyrrolidon;
Blockcopolymere von Polyethylenglykol und Dimethylsiloxan mit kationischer Gruppe an
einem Ende; Isopropylmyristat, Isopropylpalmitat, Folat-Polyethylenglykol-Liposom,
Proliposom; Polyoxyethylen-10-stearylether; Gemisch aus Polyoxyethylen-10-stearylether
und Glyceryldilaurat; Dodecyl-2-(N,N-dimethylamino)-propanoltetradecanoat und/oder
Dodecyl-2-(N,N-dimethylamino)-propianat; N-Acetylprolinatester mit < 8 C-Atomen;
nichtionische Tenside, z. B. Laurylether, Ester von Polyoxyethylen; Ethosom
(Phospholipidvesikel); Dimethyl(arylimino)sulfuran; Gemisch aus Ölsäureanaloga und
Propylenglykol; Gemisch aus Padimat O, Oktylsalicylat, Oktylmethoxycinnimat,
Laurocapram; Cetiol® HE; Eutanol® G oder ein Gemisch aus Einzelkomponenten verwenden.
Die Erfindung wird durch nachstehende Beispiele näher erläutert, ohne aber den
Erfindungsumfang damit einzuschränken.
Vergleich der Permeationswerte eines transdermalen therapeutischen Systems (TTS) mit und
ohne Siliziumdioxid. Es wurde ein Polyisobutylenkleber (MA24A® von AdhesiveResearch/
USA) und Trandolapril als Wirkstoff verwendet.
Zellen: neu modifizierte Durchflußzelle mit senkrechter Membran nach Schenk
Haut: Hairless mouse von weiblichen Mäusen, 3,5 cm2
Haut: Hairless mouse von weiblichen Mäusen, 3,5 cm2
Permeationsfläche: 2,5 cm2
Akzeptormedium: 0,9% Natriumchlorid + 0,05% Natriumacid, 60 ml pro Zelle
TTS-Größe: 3,5 cm2
TTS-Größe: 3,5 cm2
Permeationstemp.: 32°C ± 0,5°C
Rührgeschw.: 2 Skalenteile (IKA Magnetrührer)
Rührgeschw.: 2 Skalenteile (IKA Magnetrührer)
Die Wirkstoffkonzentrationen werden dann nach dem Probenzug mittels HPLC bestimmt.
Vergleich der Permeationswerte eines transdermalen therapeutischen Systems (TTS) mit und
ohne Siliziumdioxid. Es wurde ein Polyisobutylenkleber (MA24A®) und das
Methansulfonsäure-Salz von Trandolapril als Wirkstoff verwendet, wobei
Trandolaprilmesylat in-situ im TTS gebildet wird.
Zellen: neu modifizierte Durchflußzelle mit senkrechter Membran nach Schenk
Haut: Hairless mouse von weiblichen Mäusen, 3,5 cm2
Haut: Hairless mouse von weiblichen Mäusen, 3,5 cm2
Permeationsfläche: 2,5 cm2
Akzeptormedium: 0,9% Natriumchlorid + 0,05% Natriumacid, 60 ml pro Zelle
TTS-Größe: 3,5 cm2
TTS-Größe: 3,5 cm2
Permeationstemp.: 32°C ± 0,5°C
Rührgeschw.: 2 Skalenteile (IKA Magnetrührer)
Rührgeschw.: 2 Skalenteile (IKA Magnetrührer)
Vergleich der Permeationswerte eines transdermalen therapeutischen Systems (TTS) mit und
ohne Siliziumdioxid. Es wurde ein Polyisobutylenkleber (MA24A®) und Ramiprilmesylat als
Wirkstoff verwendet.
Zellen: neu modifizierte Durchflußzelle mit senkrechter Membran nach Schenk
Haut: Hairless mouse von weiblichen Mäusen, 3,5 cm2
Haut: Hairless mouse von weiblichen Mäusen, 3,5 cm2
Permeationsfläche: 2,5 cm2
Akzeptormedium: 0,9% Natriumchlorid + 0,05% Natriumacid, 60 ml pro Zelle
TTS-Größe: 3,5 cm2
TTS-Größe: 3,5 cm2
Permeationstemp.: 32°C ± 0,5°C
Rührgeschw.: 2 Skalenteile (IKA Magnetrührer)
Rührgeschw.: 2 Skalenteile (IKA Magnetrührer)
Vergleich der Permeationswerte eines transdermalen therapeutischen Systems (TTS) mit und
ohne Siliziumdioxid. Es wurde ein Acrylatkleber (Durotak® von National Starch/USA) und
Ramiprilmesylat als Wirkstoff verwendet, wobei Ramiprilmesylat in-situ gebildet wird
Zellen: neu modifizierte Durchflußzelle mit senkrechter Membran nach Schenk
Haut: Hairless mouse von weiblichen Mäusen, 3,5 cm2
Haut: Hairless mouse von weiblichen Mäusen, 3,5 cm2
Permeationsfläche: 2,5 cm2
Akzeptormedium: 0,9% Natriumchlorid + 0,05% Natriumacid, 60 ml pro Zelle
TTS-Größe: 3,5 cm2
TTS-Größe: 3,5 cm2
Permeationstemp.: 32°C ± 0,5°C
Rührgeschw.: 2 Skalenteile (IKA Magnetrührer)
Rührgeschw.: 2 Skalenteile (IKA Magnetrührer)
Vergleich der Permeationswerte eines transdermalen therapeutischen Systems (TTS) mit und
ohne Siliziumdioxid. Es wurde ein Acrylatkleber (Durotak®) und Ramiprilmesylat als
Wirkstoff verwendet, wobei Ramiprilmesylat in-situ gebildet wird.
Zellen: neu modifizierte Durchflußzelle mit senkrechter Membran nach Schenk
Haut: Hairless mouse von weiblichen Mäusen, 3,5 cm2
Haut: Hairless mouse von weiblichen Mäusen, 3,5 cm2
Permeationsfläche: 2,5 cm2
Akzeptormedium: 0,9% Natriumchlorid + 0,05% Natriumacid, 60 ml pro Zelle
TTS-Größe: 3,5 cm2
TTS-Größe: 3,5 cm2
Permeationstemp.: 32°C ± 0,5°C
Rührgeschw.: 2 Skalenteile (IKA Magnetrührer)
Rührgeschw.: 2 Skalenteile (IKA Magnetrührer)
Claims (9)
1. Transdermales therapeutisches System mit einer
wirkstoffundurchlässigen Deckschicht, mit einer selbstklebenden
Matrixschicht oder mit mehreren Matrixschichten, von denen
mindestesn die bei Applikation des Systems freiliegende
Matrixschicht selbstklebend ist, und mit einer abziehbaren
Schutzschicht, wobei die Matrixschicht(en) einen oder mehrere
Wirkstoffe und/oder einen oder mehrere andere biologisch aktive
Stoffe und hochdisperses Siliziumdioxid enthält (enthalten), wobei
ausgenommen sind:
eine Matrix auf Acrylat-Basis mit einem Gehalt an Isosorbiddinitrat,
eine Matrix auf Acrylat-Basis mit einem Gehalt an Indomethacin,
eine Matrix auf Basis von Poly-1,4-butadien und Naturkautschuk und
eine Matrix auf Basis von Polyvinylalkohol und Poly vinylpyrrolidon,
sofern diese Schicht(en) dieser Matrizes nicht mit einem Haftkleber (Klebeschicht) versehen sind.
eine Matrix auf Acrylat-Basis mit einem Gehalt an Isosorbiddinitrat,
eine Matrix auf Acrylat-Basis mit einem Gehalt an Indomethacin,
eine Matrix auf Basis von Poly-1,4-butadien und Naturkautschuk und
eine Matrix auf Basis von Polyvinylalkohol und Poly vinylpyrrolidon,
sofern diese Schicht(en) dieser Matrizes nicht mit einem Haftkleber (Klebeschicht) versehen sind.
2. Transdermales therapeutisches System mit einer
wirkstoffundurchlässigen Deckschicht, mit einer oder mehreren
Matrixschichten mit einem Gehalt an Wirkstoff und/oder anderen
biologisch aktiven Stoffen, wobei die Matrixschicht(en) mit einem
Haftkleber (Klebeschicht) beschichtet ist (sind), und mit einer
abziehbaren Schutzschicht, wobei die Klebeschicht hochdisperses
Siliziumdioxid enthält.
3. Transdermales therapeutisches System mit einer
wirkstoffundurchlässigen Deckschicht, einem Reservoir oder einer
Reservoirschicht mit einem Gehalt an Wirkstoff und/oder anderen
biologisch aktiven Stoffen, mit einer semipermeablen Membran, mit
einer Klebeschicht und mit einer abziehbaren Schutzschicht, wobei
die Klebeschicht hochdisperses Siliziumdioxid enthält, wobei
ausgenommen sind:
ein Reservoir oder eine Reservoirschicht und eine Klebeschicht mit
einem Gehalt an einem Mineralöl/Polyisobutylen-Gemisch.
4. Transdermales therapeutisches System nach einem der
vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das
hochdisperse Silizumdioxid in die selbstklebende Matrixschicht(en)
oder in die Klebeschicht homogen eingearbeitet worden ist.
5. Transdermales therapeutisches System nach Anspruch 4, dadurch
gekennzeichnet, daß das hochdisperse Siliziumdioxid eingearbeitet
worden ist, indem man ein Gemisch aus selbstklebender
Matrix/Siliziumdioxid oder ein Gemisch aus
Haftkleber/Siliziumdioxid in Gegenwart eines flüssigen Mediums
quellen ließ und danach zu Matrixschicht(en) oder Klebeschicht
ausformte.
6. Transdermales therapeutisches System nach einem der
vorhergeheden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch einen Gehalt an
hochdispersem Siliziumdioxid von 0,1 bis 10 Gew.-%, insbesondere 2
bis 5 Gew.-% und bevorzugt etwa 2, etwa 3, etwa 4 oder etwa 5 Gew.-
%, bezogen auf das Gewicht der selbstklebenden Matrixschicht(en)
oder der Klebeschicht.
7. Transdermales therapeutisches System nach einem der
vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch Aerosil ®90, Aerosil
®130, Aerosil ®150, Aerosil 200, Aerosil ®300, Aerosil ®380,
Aerosil ®OX50, Aerosil ®TT600, Aerosil ®MOX80, Aerosil ®COK84,
Aerosil ®R202, Aerosil ®R805, Aerosil ®R812, Aerosil ®812S, Aerosil
®R972 und/oder Aerosil ®R974 als hochdisperses Siliziumdioxid.
8. Transdermales therapeutisches System nach Anspruch 7,
gekennzeichnet durch Aerosil ®200 und/oder Aerosil ®R972 als
hochdisperses Siliziumdioxid.
9. Transdermales therapeutisches System nach einem der
vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch einen Gehalt an
Stabilisatoren, Emulgatoren, Verdickungsmitteln,
Permeationsförderern und/oder üblichen Membransystem- oder
Reservoirpflaster-Hilfsmitteln.
Priority Applications (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10033853A DE10033853A1 (de) | 2000-07-12 | 2000-07-12 | Transdermales therapeutisches System mit hochdispersem Siliziumdioxid |
| DE50112720T DE50112720D1 (de) | 2000-07-12 | 2001-07-12 | Transdermales therapeutisches system mit hochdispersem siliziumdioxid |
| PCT/EP2001/008070 WO2002003969A2 (de) | 2000-07-12 | 2001-07-12 | Transdermales therapeutisches system mit hochdispersem siliziumdioxid |
| AT01951670T ATE366567T1 (de) | 2000-07-12 | 2001-07-12 | Transdermales therapeutisches system mit hochdispersem siliziumdioxid |
| AU2001272535A AU2001272535B2 (en) | 2000-07-12 | 2001-07-12 | Transdermal therapeutic system for highly dispersed silicon dioxide |
| EP01951670A EP1301179B1 (de) | 2000-07-12 | 2001-07-12 | Transdermales therapeutisches system mit hochdispersem siliziumdioxid |
| AU7253501A AU7253501A (en) | 2000-07-12 | 2001-07-12 | Transdermal therapeutic system for highly dispersed silicon dioxide |
| CA002415658A CA2415658A1 (en) | 2000-07-12 | 2001-07-12 | Transdermal therapeutic system for highly dispersed silicon dioxide |
| JP2002508424A JP2004502725A (ja) | 2000-07-12 | 2001-07-12 | 高分散シリカを用いた経皮治療システム |
| US10/332,864 US20040086552A1 (en) | 2000-07-12 | 2001-07-12 | Transdermal therapeutic system for highly dispersed silicon dioxide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10033853A DE10033853A1 (de) | 2000-07-12 | 2000-07-12 | Transdermales therapeutisches System mit hochdispersem Siliziumdioxid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE10033853A1 true DE10033853A1 (de) | 2002-01-31 |
Family
ID=7648662
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10033853A Ceased DE10033853A1 (de) | 2000-07-12 | 2000-07-12 | Transdermales therapeutisches System mit hochdispersem Siliziumdioxid |
| DE50112720T Expired - Lifetime DE50112720D1 (de) | 2000-07-12 | 2001-07-12 | Transdermales therapeutisches system mit hochdispersem siliziumdioxid |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE50112720T Expired - Lifetime DE50112720D1 (de) | 2000-07-12 | 2001-07-12 | Transdermales therapeutisches system mit hochdispersem siliziumdioxid |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20040086552A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1301179B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2004502725A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE366567T1 (de) |
| AU (2) | AU2001272535B2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2415658A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10033853A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2002003969A2 (de) |
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| EP1743638A1 (de) | 2005-07-15 | 2007-01-17 | Laboratorios Del Dr. Esteve, S.A. | Pharmazeutische Formulierungen von substituierten Pyrazolinderivaten |
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2001
- 2001-07-12 CA CA002415658A patent/CA2415658A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-12 WO PCT/EP2001/008070 patent/WO2002003969A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2001-07-12 EP EP01951670A patent/EP1301179B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-12 AU AU2001272535A patent/AU2001272535B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-07-12 JP JP2002508424A patent/JP2004502725A/ja active Pending
- 2001-07-12 AU AU7253501A patent/AU7253501A/xx active Pending
- 2001-07-12 US US10/332,864 patent/US20040086552A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-12 DE DE50112720T patent/DE50112720D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-12 AT AT01951670T patent/ATE366567T1/de active
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| WO1992020339A1 (de) * | 1991-05-18 | 1992-11-26 | Schering Aktiengesellschaft Berlin Und Bergkamen | Mittel zur transdermalen applikation enthaltend ergolin-derivate |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10360592A1 (de) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-07-28 | Beiersdorf Ag | Pflastersystem zur Verabreichung von Antihistaminika |
| EP1743638A1 (de) | 2005-07-15 | 2007-01-17 | Laboratorios Del Dr. Esteve, S.A. | Pharmazeutische Formulierungen von substituierten Pyrazolinderivaten |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE366567T1 (de) | 2007-08-15 |
| EP1301179B1 (de) | 2007-07-11 |
| EP1301179A2 (de) | 2003-04-16 |
| CA2415658A1 (en) | 2002-01-17 |
| DE50112720D1 (de) | 2007-08-23 |
| WO2002003969A3 (de) | 2002-05-23 |
| JP2004502725A (ja) | 2004-01-29 |
| WO2002003969A2 (de) | 2002-01-17 |
| AU7253501A (en) | 2002-01-21 |
| AU2001272535B2 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
| US20040086552A1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
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