DE10016356A1 - Mittel mit verbesserter Retardwirkung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung - Google Patents
Mittel mit verbesserter Retardwirkung und Verfahren zu dessen HerstellungInfo
- Publication number
- DE10016356A1 DE10016356A1 DE2000116356 DE10016356A DE10016356A1 DE 10016356 A1 DE10016356 A1 DE 10016356A1 DE 2000116356 DE2000116356 DE 2000116356 DE 10016356 A DE10016356 A DE 10016356A DE 10016356 A1 DE10016356 A1 DE 10016356A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- substances
- sponge
- depot
- active substance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
- A61K9/0065—Forms with gastric retention, e.g. floating on gastric juice, adhering to gastric mucosa, expanding to prevent passage through the pylorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2072—Pills, tablets, discs, rods characterised by shape, structure or size; Tablets with holes, special break lines or identification marks; Partially coated tablets; Disintegrating flat shaped forms
- A61K9/2086—Layered tablets, e.g. bilayer tablets; Tablets of the type inert core-active coat
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Mittel für die zeitverzögerte Freisetzung von Wirkstoffen im Gastrointestinaltrakt, enthaltend ein schwammförmiges in gastrointestinalen Flüssigkeiten und/oder Körperflüssigkeiten unlösliches oder schwer lösliches, volumenvergrößerndes Material sowie wenigstens eine wirkstoffhaltige Formulierung als Depotschicht, wobei zwischen dem schwammartigen Material und der Depotschicht wenigstens eine weitere, verbindende Schicht enthalten ist, die ihrerseits Stoffe enthält, die sich im Magen nicht oder nur schwer auflösen. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ferner ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Mittel und deren Verwendung.
Description
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Mittel mit verbesserter Retardwirkung
sowie ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und dessen Verwendung.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft die Weiterentwicklung von Wirkstoffsystemen mit
zeitverzögerter Freigabe von Wirkstoffen im Gastrointestinaltrakt. Entsprechende
Darreichungsformen werden auch als orale oder perorale Retard- oder
Depotarzneiformen bezeichnet.
Arzneimittel mit zeitlich gesteuerter Wirkstofffreisetzung im Gastrointestinaltrakt sind
seit mehreren Jahrzehnten bekannt. Der Wirkstoff wird aus unterschiedlich
aufgebauten Darreichungsformen durch Löse-, Erosions- oder Diffusionsprozesse
während der Passage des Gastrointestinaltrakts freigesetzt.
Ein besonderes Problem für die Wirksamkeit von Mitteln mit zeitlich gesteuerter
Wirkstofffreisetzung im Gastrointestinaltrakt ist die kurze Magenverweilzeit und der
nach Magenpassage schnelle Transport der bisher vorwiegend verwendeten
Darreichungsformen durch den Bereich des oberen Dünndarms, in dem Wirkstoffe
vorzugsweise resorbiert werden. Durch den schnellen Transport der
Depotarzneimittel durch den oberen Bereich des Gastrointestinaltraktes kann häufig
nur ein Teil des Wirkstoffes vom Körper aufgenommen werden. Deshalb wird
versucht, durch Depotarzneiformen, die eine verlängerte Verweildauer im Magen
besitzen, eine länger anhaltende Resorption von Wirkstoffen zu erhalten.
Arzneimittel mit verlängerter Magenverweilzeit, die aus expandierenden
Trägermaterialien bestehen, werden in DE 33 44 772 beschrieben. Nach oraler
Einnahme entfalten sich papierartige Arzneiträger im Magen. Aufgrund ihrer Größe
erfolgt ein verzögerter Weitertransport vom Magen in den Darm. Der Wirkstoff wird
zeitlich gesteuert im Magen freigesetzt. Die Resorption des gelösten Wirkstoffs
erfolgt aus dem oberen Dünndarm.
In US 4,126,672, US 4,140,755 und US 4,814,179 werden Schwimmarzneiformen
beschrieben, die aufgrund ihrer geringen Dichte auf dem Mageninhalt
aufschwimmen und die erst nach vollständiger Entleerung des Magens
weitertransportiert werden. Hydrokolloide und hydrophobe Substanzen bewirken das
Aufschwimmen des Kapselinhalts. Beispielhaft seien hier Levodopa-Retardkapseln
genannt.
Die Freisetzung von Wirkstoffen aus schwammartigen Arzneiträgern wird in
WO 98/09617 beschrieben. Durch die Expansion der schwammartigen Materialien in
Flüssigkeiten im Magen-Darm-Trakt ist eine Beeinflussung der Magenverweilzeit zu
erwarten. Gleichzeitig wird über die Oberflächenvergrößerung eine Freisetzung der
Wirkstoffe unter größtmöglicher Schonung der Schleimhäute erhalten.
In DE 197 39 031 wird die Kombination von komprimiertem Kollagen mit einer
Retardschicht aus Hydroxypropylmethycellulose und Arzneistoff angegeben. Die
Herstellung erfolgt wie bei Zweischichtentabletten durch einen zweistufigen
Pressvorgang.
Die beschriebenen Zwei- oder Mehrschichtentabletten besitzen jedoch den Nachteil,
daß sich während oder kurze Zeit nach der Expansion des schwammartige Materials
die Verbindung von der wirkstoffhaltigen Formulierung (Depotschicht) löst. Dieses
Ablösen der wirkstoffhaltigen Formulierung ist meist auf die Löslichkeit der bisher
beschriebenen Depotschichten im Magen zurückzuführen. Somit "schwimmt" die
wirkstoffhaltige Formulierung frei im Magen umher. Dies hat den Nachteil, daß sich
die wirkstoffhaltige Formulierung in Falten oder Taschen der Schleimhäute des
Gastrointestinaltraktes ablagern und dort zu Irritationen und Reizungen führen kann.
Ferner ist ein entscheidender Nachteil, daß durch die frühzeitige Ablösung der
Depotschicht von dem volumenvergrößernden, expandierenden schwammartigen
Material, die wirkstoffhaltigen Formulierungen den Magen ungehindert und relativ
schnell passieren können und damit die gewünschte, verlängerte Magenverweilzeit
der Depotschicht und damit ihre Wirkung als Retardschicht nicht mehr gewährleistet
ist.
Ein weiterer Nachteil herkömmlicher Depotarzneiformen ist, daß diese aufgrund ihrer
geringen Größe den Magen ungehindert und relativ schnell passieren können. Bei
Arzneistoffen, die jedoch nur aus dem Bereich des oberen Dünndarms resorbiert
werden können, ist in diesem Fall keine Retardwirkung gegeben, da die Verweilzeit
zu kurz ist.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es deshalb, ein Mittel mit Retardwirkung zur
Verfügung zu stellen, das die zuvor genannten Nachteile nicht mehr aufweist.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Mittel mit verbesserter
Retardwirkung gelöst. Dieses erfindungsgemäße Mittel für die zeitverzögerte
Freisetzung von Wirkstoffen im Gastrointestinaltrakt enthält ein schwammförmiges in
gastrointestinalen Flüssigkeiten und/oder Körperflüssigkeiten unlösliches oder
schwer lösliches, volumenvergrößerndes Material und wenigstens eine
wirkstoffhaltige Formulierung als Depotschicht, wobei zwischen dem
schwammartigen Material und der Depotschicht wenigstens eine weitere,
verbindende Schicht enthalten ist, die ihrerseits Stoffe enthält, die sich im Magen
nicht oder nur schwer auflösen.
Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Verbindung zwischen dem expandierenden
schwammartigen Material und der Depotschicht dadurch erhalten, daß auf das
schwammartige Material eine in Magensaft praktisch unlösliche oder nur langsam
lösliche chemische Substanz durch Aufschmelzen, Aufkleben, Aufpressen,
Aufstreichen, Aufsprühen und/oder Tauchen aufgebracht wird. In gleicher Weise
kann die Depotschicht behandelt werden.
Durch das Beaufschlagen der zuvor genannten Schichten mit dieser verbindenden
Schicht wird eine dauerhafte Verbindung zwischen gegebenenfalls komprimierten
und im Gastrointestinaltrakt volumenvergrößernden schwammartigen Material und
der wirkstoffhaltigen Depotschicht erzielt. Die Dauer der bestehenden Verbindung
hängt dabei von der Löslichkeit der eingesetzten und in der verbindenden Schicht
enthaltenen Stoffe im Magensaft und/oder anderen gastrointestinalen Flüssigkeiten
ab.
Ferner ist auch die Verwendung von fadenförmigem oder gewebeähnlichem Material
denkbar, durch die eine erwünschte langandauernde Verbindung zwischen
Schwamm und Depotschicht gewährleistet werden kann. Demgemäß ist auch ein
Mittel enthaltend als verbindendes Mittel fadenförmige und/oder gewebeänhliche
Stoffe Gegenstand der Erfindung.
So bleiben erfindungsgemäß auch nach der Einnahme des Mittels durch den
Patienten die schwammartige Schicht und die Depotschicht als ein einheitliches
Freisetzungssystem im Magen und/oder Darm miteinander verbunden. Die
schwammartige Schicht gewährleistet die erforderliche Volumenvergrößerung des
Freisetzungssystems. Das mit dem expandierenden schwammartigen Material
verbundene Depotarzneimittel ist aufgrund dessen größer als die Öffnung des
Magenausgangs. Das Depotarzneimittel wird somit an einem raschen
Weitertransport vom Magen in den Darm gehindert, d. h. die Verweilzeit im Magen ist
länger. Der Wirkstoff wird in vorteilhafter Weise zeitverzögert im Magen freigesetzt.
Das erfindungsgemäße Mittel zeichnet sich ferner dadurch aus, daß die in der
verbindenden Schicht enthaltenen Stoffe natürliche und/oder synthetische Polymere
oder Mischungen davon sind. In einer besonderen Ausführungsvariante der
vorliegenden Erfindung handelt es sich bei den in der verbindenden Schicht
enthaltenen Stoffe um natürliche oder synthetisch hergestellte lipophile Substanzen,
Fette, Wachse und/oder Paraffine oder Kombinationen davon. Beispielhaft für
lipophile Substanzen sind hier Fettsäuren und/oder deren Salze genannt.
Ferner schließt die vorliegende Erfindung ein Mittel ein, bei dem die in der
verbindenden Schicht enthaltenen Stoffe folienartig sind. Hierbei kann
beispielsweise eine folienförmige Verbindungsschicht beidseitig klebende
Eigenschaften aufweisen und auf diese Weise den Zusammenhalt des
schwammartigen Materials mit der wirkstoffhaltigen Depotschicht mit Retardwirkung
gewährleisten.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist auch ein Mittel bei dem die verbindende
Schicht wirkstoffhaltige Formulierungen und/oder weitere Hilfsstoffe enthält. In einer
besonderen Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung kann eine Beaufschlagung
des erfindungsgemäßen Mittels mit einer wirkstoffhaltigen Depotschicht entfallen.
Dies ist insbesondere dann der Fall, wenn die verbindende Schicht bereits selbst
wirkstoffhaltige Formulierungen enthält. D. h. die verbindende Schicht übernimmt für
diesen Fall sowohl die Funktion einer Klebeschicht als auch einer Depotschicht,
bevorzugt mit Retardwirkung.
Unter schwammartigem Materialien sind erfindungsgemäß feste oder halbfeste
elastische Schäume zu verstehen, die aus gasgefüllten beispielsweise
polyederförmigen Zellen bestehen, die durch hochviskose und/oder feste Zellstege
begrenzt sind. Einsetzbar sind erfindungsgemäß sowohl natürlich vorkommende
Schwämme, halbsynthetische oder synthetisch hergestellte schwammartige Gebilde.
Beispiele für synthetische schwammartige Materialien sind Polyurethane,
Polyacrylate, Poly(met)acrylsäurederivate, Homo- und Copolymere des Vinylacetats.
Zu den natürlichen und halbsynthetischen Polymeren zählen u. a. Cellulose,
Celluloseether oder Celluloseester wie Celluloseacetat und Celluloseacetatphthalat.
Beispiele für natürliche Polymere sind Polysaccharide wie Alginate, Traganth,
Xanthan Gumme, Guar Gummi und deren Salze und Derivate. Der Einsatz von
Chitin und von Chitinderivaten ist möglich. Im Weiteren werden bevorzugt Stoffe mit
Faserstruktur wie Skleroproteine z. B. Collagen, Keratin, Conchagene, Fibroin,
Elastin und Chitin eingesetzt. Darüber hinaus sind auch stabil miteinander vernetzte
Polysaccharide Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung.
Die Herstellung der schwammartigen bzw. - förmigen Gebilde erfolgt mit an sich
bekannten Methoden nach dem Stand der Technik. Hierbei sei auf die
98/EP96/03950 verwiesen, die ebenfalls Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist.
In Abhängigkeit von dem eingesetzten Ausgangsmaterial kann im einfachsten Falle
ein Schaum durch Einblasen, durch Schlagen, Schütteln, Verspritzen oder Rühren in
der betreffenden Gasatmosphäre erhalten werden. Bei den Polymeren entsteht die
Schaumstruktur aufgrund chemischer Reaktionen. So werden bei den Polyurethanen
durch Zugabe von Blähmitteln, die sich bei bestimmter Temperatur während der
Verarbeitung unter Gasbildung zersetzen, oder durch Zusatz von flüssigen
Lösemitteln während der Polymerisation geschäumt. Die Verschäumung erfolgt
entweder beim Verlassen des Extrusionswerkzeuges, d. h. im Anschluß an das
Extrudieren oder Spritzgießen oder in offenen Formen. Die Härtung erfolgt unter den
für die jeweilige chemische Verbindung des Trägermaterials charakteristischen
Bedingungen.
Unabdingbare Voraussetzung für die Einsetzbarkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Träger
materials und der Schwammstruktur ist, daß das Material komprimierbar ist, ohne
daß die Zellstege brechen. Für die Auswahl des Trägermaterials und die Art der
Schaumbildung ist schließlich auch wesentlich, daß das Material quellfähig bleibt,
ohne daß die Zellstege zerstört werden.
Unter physiologischen Bedingungen kann sich das komprimierte Trägermaterial
beispielsweise auf das Zwei- bis Zehnfache, bevorzugt auf das Vier- bis Achtfache
seines Volumens ausdehnen. Die Wirkstofffreisetzungsflächen des unter
physiologischen Bedingungen vergrößerten Trägermaterials betragen beispielsweise
15 bis 25 cm2. Im Vergleich dazu liegen die Werte der Freisetzungsflächen nach
dem Stand der Technik bei 0,5 bis 1,5 cm2.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Mittel liegt das schwammartige Material vor und/oder
während der Einnahme durch den Patienten bevorzugt in komprimierter Form vor. In
einer weiteren Ausführungsform kann das erfindungsgemäße Mittel auch während
der Einnahme durch Kau- und/oder Schluckbewegungen komprimiert werden.
Ferner kann das erfindungsgemäße Mittel beispielsweise in Form von Tabletten,
Kapseln, Dragees, als Granulat oder Zäpfchen oder anderen Ausgestaltungen
vorliegen. Darüber hinaus kann das erfindungsgemäße Mittel als eine äußere
Schicht einen Überzug aufweisen. Dies kann eine Lackschicht oder andere
Schutzschicht sein, die die Einnahme des erfindungsgemäßen Mittels erleichtert und
die sich erst im Gastrointestinaltrakt, beispielsweise unter Einfluß der
Magenflüssigkeit, auflöst.
Erfindungsgemäß kann auch bereits das schwammartige Material in dem
erfindungsgemäßen Mittel weitere Hilfsstoffe und/oder wirkstoffhaltige
Formulierungen enthalten.
Unter anderem können auch noch zusätzlich retardierende Hilfsstoffe zugefügt
werden. Hierunter sind erfindungsgemäß beispielsweise folgende Substanzen zu
verstehen, die jedoch nicht limitierend für die vorliegende Erfindung sind:
wasserunlösliche Hilfsstoffe oder Gemische davon, wie Lipide, u. a. Fettalkohole, z. B. Cetylalkohol, Stearylalkohol und Cetostearylalkohol; Glyceride, z. B. Glycerinmonostearat oder Gemische von Mono-, Di- und Triglyceriden pflanzlicher Öle; hydrierte Öle, wie hydriertes Rizinusöl oder hydriertes Baumwollsamenöl; Wachse, z. B. Bienenwachs oder Carnaubawachs; feste Kohlenwasserstoffe, z. B. Paraffin oder Erdwachs; Fettsäuren, z. B. Stearinsäure; gewisse Cellulosederivate, z. B. Ethylcellulose oder Acetylcellulose; Polymere oder Copolymere, wie Polyalkylene, z. B. Polyäthylen, Polyvinylverbindungen, z. B. Polyvinylchlorid oder Polyvinylacetat, sowie Vinylchlorid-Vinylacetat-Copolymere und Copolymere mit Crotonsäure, oder Polymere und Copolymere von Acrylaten und Methacrylaten, z. B. Copolymerisate von Acrylsäureester und Methacrylsäuremethylester, verwendet werden.
wasserunlösliche Hilfsstoffe oder Gemische davon, wie Lipide, u. a. Fettalkohole, z. B. Cetylalkohol, Stearylalkohol und Cetostearylalkohol; Glyceride, z. B. Glycerinmonostearat oder Gemische von Mono-, Di- und Triglyceriden pflanzlicher Öle; hydrierte Öle, wie hydriertes Rizinusöl oder hydriertes Baumwollsamenöl; Wachse, z. B. Bienenwachs oder Carnaubawachs; feste Kohlenwasserstoffe, z. B. Paraffin oder Erdwachs; Fettsäuren, z. B. Stearinsäure; gewisse Cellulosederivate, z. B. Ethylcellulose oder Acetylcellulose; Polymere oder Copolymere, wie Polyalkylene, z. B. Polyäthylen, Polyvinylverbindungen, z. B. Polyvinylchlorid oder Polyvinylacetat, sowie Vinylchlorid-Vinylacetat-Copolymere und Copolymere mit Crotonsäure, oder Polymere und Copolymere von Acrylaten und Methacrylaten, z. B. Copolymerisate von Acrylsäureester und Methacrylsäuremethylester, verwendet werden.
Außer den genannten Hilfsstoffen können die Mittel gemäß der vorliegenden
Erfindung zusätzlich Füll- Spreng-, Binde- und Gleitmittel sowie Trägerstoffe
enthalten, die auf die Wirkstoffabgabe keinen entscheidenden Einfluß haben.
Beispiele sind u. a. Bentonit (Aluminiumoxid-Siliciumoxid-hydrat), Kieselsäure,
Cellulose (üblicherweise mikrokristalline Cellulose) oder Cellulosederivate, z. B.
Methylcellulose, Natriumcarboxymethylcellulose, Zucker, wie Lactose, Stärken, z. B.
Maisstärke oder Derivate davon, z. B. Natriumcarboxymethylstärke, Stärkeleister,
Phosphorsäuresalze, z. B. Di- oder Tricalcioumphosphat, Gelatine, Stearinsäure oder
geeignete Salze davon, z. B. Magnesiumstearat oder Calciumstearat, Talk,
kollodiales Siliciumoxid und ähnliche Hilfsstoffe.
Unter wirkstoffhaltigen Formulierungen im Sinne der Erfindung sind alle Stoffe mit
einer pharmazeutischen oder biologischen Wirkung zu verstehen. Hierbei sind
solche wirkstoffhaltigen Formulierungen erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt, die eine
Retardwirkung aufweisen. Ferner können die wirkstoffhaltigen Formulierungen des
erfindungsgemäßen Mittels mit Retardwirkung beispielsweise den Aufbau einer
Depottablette aufweisen. Im folgenden sind Beispiele für erfindungsgemäße
wirkstoffhaltige Formulierungen aus unterschiedlichen therapeutischen Klassen
wiedergegeben, die jedoch nicht limitierend für die vorliegende Erfindung sind.
Beispiele für ACE-Hemmer sind: Benazepril, Captopril, Cilazapril, Enalapril,
Fosinopril, Lisinopril, Perinodopril, Quinapril, Ramipril, Trandolopril.
Beispiele für Analeptika sind: Almitrin, Amiphenazol, Coffein, Doxapram, Etamivan,
Fominoben, Metamfetamin, Nicethamid, Pentetrazol.
Beispiele für Analgetika (Opioide) sind: Alfentanil, Buprenorphin, Cetobemidon,
Dextromoramid, Dextropropoxyphen, Fentanyl, Flupirtin, Hydromorphon,
Levomethadon, Levorphanol, Meptazinol, Morphin, Nalbuphin, Oxycodon,
Pentazocin, Pethidin, Piritramid, Tilidin, Tramadol.
Beispiele für Analgetika (Nicht-opioide) sind: Acetylsalicylsäure, Benzylmandelat,
Bucetin, Ethenzamid, Ketorolac, Metamizol, Morazon, Paracetamol, Phenacetin,
Phenazon, Propyphenazon, Salicylamid.
Beispiele für Anthelminthika sind: Albendazol, Diethylcarbamazin, Mebendazol,
Praziquantel, Tiabendazol.
Beispiele für Antiallergika/Antihistaminika sind: Anatazolin, Astemizol, Azelastin,
Bamipin, Brompheniramin, Buclizin, Carbinoxamin, Cetririzin, Chlorphenamin,
Clemastin, Cyslizin, Cyproheptadin, Dimenhydramin, Doxylamin, Fexofenadin,
Ketotifen, Loratadin, Mepyramin, Mizolastin, Nedrocromil, Oxatomid, Oxomemazin,
Pheniramin, Phenyltoloxamin, Spagluminsäure, Terfenadin, Triprolidin.
Beispiele für Antiarrhythmmika sind: Ajmalin, Amiodaron, Aprindin, Chinidin,
Disopyramid, Mexiletin, Procainamid, Propafenon, Tocainid.
Beispiele für Antibiotika/Chemotherapeutika sind: Amikacin, Gentamicin,
Kanamycin,
Paromomycin, Sisomicin, Streptomycin Tobramycin, Chloroquin, Halofantrin,
Hydroxychloroquin, Mefloquin, Proguanil, Ethambutol, Isoniazid, Rifabutin,
Rifampicin, Cefacetril, Cefaclor, Cefadroxil, Cefalexin, Cefalotin, Cefamandol,
Cefazolin, Cefixim, Cefmenoxim, Cefoperazon, Cefotaxim, Cefotetan, Cefotiam,
Cefoxitin, Cefpodoxim (proxetil), Cefradin, Cefsulodin, Ceftazidim, Ceftizoxim,
Ceftriaxon, Cefuroxim (axetil), Latamoxef, Cinoxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Enoxacin,
Nalidixinsäure, Norfloxacin, Ofloxacin, Pipemidsäure, Rosoxacin, Clarithromycin,
Erythromycin, Roxithromycin, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Apalcillin, Azidocillin, Azlocillin,
Bacampicillin, Benzylpenicillin, Carbenicillin, Carindacillin, Dicloxacillin, Flucloxacillin,
Mezlocillin, Oxacillin, Phenoxymethypenicillin, Piperacillin, Pivampicillin, Propicillin,
Ticarcillin, Colistin, Teicoplanin, Vancomycin, Cotrimoxazol, Sulfametoxydiazin,
Doxycyclin, Oxytetracylin, Tetracyclin, Atovaquon, Chloramphenicol, Fosfomycin,
Imipenem, Metronidalzol, Nitrofurantoin, Pentamidin, Taurolidin, Trimethoprim.
Beispiele für Antidepressiva sind: Amitripytylin, Amitriptylinoxid, Clomipramin,
Desipramin, Dibenzepin, Dosulepin, Doxepin, Fluoxetin, Fluvoyamin, Imipramin,
Lithiumsalze, Maprotilin, Nomifensin, Opipramol, Oxitriptan, Tranylcypromin,
Trimipramin, Tryptophan.
Beispiele für Antidiabetika/Antihypoglykämika sind: Acarbose, Carbutamid,
Chlorpropamid, Glibenclamid, Glibornurid, Gliclazid, Glimepirid, Glipizid, Gliquidon,
Glisoxepid, Glymidin, Guar, Insulin, Metformin, Tolazamid, Tolbutamid.
Beispiele für Antidiarrhoika sind: Difenoxin, Diphenoxylat, Loperamid, Petin, Tannin.
Beispiele für Antidota sind: Flumazenil, Naloxon, Naltrexon.
Beispiele für Antiemetika sind: Alizaprid, Betahistin, Thiethylperazin.
Beispiele für Antiepileptika sind: Barbexaclon, Carbamazepin, Ethosuximid,
Lamotrigin, Mepacrin, Mesuximid, Phenobarbital, Phenytoin, Primidon, Sultiam,
Trimethadion, Valproinsäure, Vigabatrin.
Beispiele für Antifibrinolytika sind: Aminocapronsäure, 4-(Aminomethyl)benzoesäure,
Tranexamsäure.
Beispiele für Antihypertensiva sind: Clonidin, Diazoxid, Doxazosin, Guanethidin,
Hydralazin, Methyldopa, Moxonidin, Nitroprussidnatrium, Phentolamin, Prazosin,
Reserpin, Tiamenidin, Urapidil.
Beispiele für Antihypotonika sind: Dihydroergotamin, Dobutamin, Dopamin, Etilefrin,
Norepinephrin, Norfennefrin.
Beispiele für Antikoagulantia sind: Acenocoumarol, Dalteparin natrium, Enoxaparin,
Heparin, Heparinoide Hirudin, Lepirudin, Nadroparin, Parnaparin, Phenprocoumon,
Reviparin, Tinzaparin, Warfarin.
Beispiele für Antimykotika sind: Amorolfin, Amphotericin B, Bifonazol, Chlormidazol,
Ciclopiroxolamin, Clotrimazol, Croconazol, Econazol, Fenticonalzol, Fluconazol,
Griseofulvin, lsoconazol, Itraconazol, Ketoconazol, Miconazol, Naftifin, Naystatin,
Omoconazol, Oxiconazol, Terbinafin, Terconazol, Tioconazol, Tolnaftat.
Beispiele für Antirheumatika sind: Acemetacin, Azapropazon, Benorilat, Bumadizon,
Carprofen, Cholinsalicylat, Diclofenac, Diflunisal, Etofenamat, Felbinac, Fenbufen,
Fenoprofen, Flufenaminsäure, Flurbiprofen, Ibuprofen, Indometacin, Isoxicam,
Ketoprofen, Lonazolac, Mefenaminsäure, Meloxicam, Mofebutazon, Nabumeton,
Naproxen, Nifenazon, Nifluminsäure, Oxyphenbutazon, Phenylbutazon, Piroxlcam,
Pirprofen, Proglumetacin, Pyrazinobutazon, Salsalat, Sulindac, Suxibuzon,
Tenoxicam, Tiaprofensäure, Tolmetin, Auranofin, Aurothioglucose, Aurothiomalat,
Aurothioplypeptid, Chloroquin, Hydroxychloroquin, Penicillamin, Ademetionin,
Benzydamin, Bufexamac, Famprofazon, Glucosamin, Oxaceprol.
Beispiele für Antitussiva sind: Benproperin, Butamirat, Butetamat, Clobutinol,
Clofedanol, Codein, Dextromethorphan, Dihydrocodein, Hydrocodon, Isoaminil,
Natriumdibunat, Noscapin, Oxeladin, Pentoxyverin, Pholcodin, Pipazetat.
Beispiele für Appetitzügler sind: Amfepramon, Fenfluramin, Fenproporex,
Levopropylhexedrin, Mazindol, Mefenorex, Metamfepramon, Norephedrin,
Norpseudoephedrin.
Beipiele für Beta-Rezeptorenblocker sind: Acebutolol, Alprenolol, Atenolol,
Betaxolol, Bisoprolol, Bopindolol, Bupranolol, Carvedilol, Celiprolol, Labetalol,
Levobunolol, Mepindolol, Metipranolol, Metoprolol, Nadolol, Oxprenolol, Penbutolol,
Pindolol, Propranolol, Sotalol.
Beispiele für Bronchospasmolytika/Antiasthmatika sind: Bambuterol, Carbuterol,
Clenbuterol, Epinephrin, Fenoterol, Hexoprenalin, Ipratropiumbromid, lsoetarin,
Orciprenalin, Oxitropiumbromid, Pirbuterol, Procaterol, Reproterol, Salbutamol,
Salmeterol, Terbutalin, Theopohyllin, Tolubuterol.
Beispiele für Calciumantagonisten sind: Amlodipin, Felodipin, Isradipin, Nicardipin,
Nifedipin, Nilvadipin, Nitrendipin, Nisoldipin, Verapamil.
Beispiele für Cholagoga sind: Anetholtrithion, Azintamid, Chenodeoxycholsäure,
Dehydrocholsäure, Hymecromon, Piprozolin, Ursodeoxycholsäure.
Beispiele für Cholinergika/Cholinolytika sind: Aceclidin, Acetylocholin, Carbachol,
Cyclopentolat, Distigmin, Edrophonium, Emepronium, Homatropin, Methanthelin,
Neostigmin, Pilocarpin, Propanthelin, Propiverin, Pyridostigmin, Tropicamid.
Beispiele für Diuretika sind: Acetazolamid, Amilorid, Bendroflumethiazid, Bumetanid,
Chlorothiazid, Chlortalidon, Clopamid, Etacrynsäure, Furosemid, Hydrochlorothiazid,
Triamteren, Xipamid.
Beispiele für Durchblutungsfördernde Mittel/Nootropika sind: Buflomedil, Buphenin,
Dextran 40, Dihydroergotoxin, Iloprost, Meclofenoxat, Nicergolin, Nicotinsäure,
Pentifyllin, Piracetam, Piribedil, Pyritinol, Tolazolin, Viquidil.
Beispiele für Entzyme/Inhibitoren/Transportproteine sind: Antithrombin III,
Aprotinin, Carnitin, Clavulansäure, Dornase alfa, Sulbactan.
Beispiele für Expektorantia sind: Acetylcystein, Ambroxol, Bromhexin, Carbocistein,
Colfosceril, Surfactant (aus Rinderleber), Surfactant (aus Schweinelunge).
Beispiele für Gichtmittel sind: Allopurinol, Benzbromaron, Colchicin, Probenecid,
Sulfinpyrazon.
Beispiele für Glukokortikoide sind: Betamethason, Budesonid, Cloprednol, Cortison,
Dexamethason, Flunisolid, Fluticason, Hydrocortison, Methylprednisolon,
Paramethason, Prednisolon, Prednison, Prednyliden, Triamcinolon.
Beispiele für Hämostyptika sind: Adrealon, Blutgerinnungsfaktor VII,
Blutgerinnungsfaktor VIII, Blutgerinnungsfaktor IX, Blutgerinnungsfaktor XIII,
Carbazochrom, Etamsylat, Fibrinogen, Kollagen, Menadiol, Menadion, Protamin,
Somatostain, Thrombin, Thromboplastin.
Beispiele für Hypophysen-/Hypothalamus-Hormone und -Hemmstoffe sind:
Argipressin, Choriongonadotrophin, Desmopressin, Felypressin, Gonadorelin,
Lypressin, Menotropin, Ornipressin, Quinagolid, Terlipressin, Thyrotrophin.
Beispiele für Immuntherapeutika und Zytokine sind: Aldesleukin, Azathioprin, BCG,
Ciclosporin, Filgrastim, Interferon alfa, Interferon beta, Interleukin-2, Muromonab-
CD3, Tacrolismus, Thymopentin, Thymostimulin.
Beispiele für Kardiaka sind: Acetyldigitoxin, Acetylödiagoxin, Convallatoxin, Digitoxin,
Digoxin, Gitoformat, Lanatosid, Meproscillarin, Metildigoxin, Pengitoxin, Peruvosid,
Proscillaridin, Strophanthin, Thevetin, Amrinon, Enoximon, Milrinon.
Beispiele für Koronarmittel sind: Carbocromen, Isosorbiddinitrat, Nitroglycerin,
Pentaerythrityltetranitrat.
Beispiele für Laxantia sind: Bisacodyl, Dantron, Docusat, Glycerol, Lactulose,
Magnesiumsulfat, Natriumpicosulfat, Natriumsulfat, Paraffinum subliqiudum,
Phenolphthalein, Rizinusöl, Sorbitol.
Beispiele für Lebertherapeutika sind: Cholin, Citiolon, Myo-Inositol, Silymarin.
Beispiele für Lipidsenker sind: Acipimox, Bezafibrat, Clofibrat, Etofibrat, Fluvastin,
Lovastatin, Pravastatin, Simvastin.
Beispiele für Lokalanästhetika sind: Articain, Benzocain, Bupivacain, Butanilicain,
Chlorethan, Cinchocain, Cocain, Etidocain, Fomocain, Lidocain, Mepivacain,
Myrtecain, Oxetacain, Oxybuprocain, Polidocanol, Prilocain, Procain, Proxymetacain,
Quinisocain, Tetracain.
Beispiele für Magen-/Darm-Mittel sind: Bismutsubcitrat, Bromoprid, Garbenoxolon,
Cimetidin, Domperidon, Famotidin, Metoclopramid, Nizatidin, Omeprazol, Proglumid,
Ranitidin, Roxatidin, Sucralfat, Sulfasalazin.
Beispiele für Migränemittel sind: Ergotamin, Lisurid, Naratriptan, Pizotifen,
Sumatriptan, Zolmitriptan.
Beispiele für Muskelrelaxantia sind: Alcuronium, Atracurium, Baclofen, Carisoprodol,
Chlormezanon, Clostridiumtoxin botulinum Toxin A.
Beispiele für Nebenschilddrüsen-Therapeutika/Calciumstoffwechsel-Regulatoren
sind: Clodronsäure, Dihydrotachysterol, Glandulae parathyreoideae, Pamidronsäure.
Beispiele für Neuroleptika sind: Benperidol, Chlorpromazin, Droperidol, Flugheanzin,
Haloperidol, Melperon, Promethazin, Zuclopenthixol.
Beispiele für Parkinson-Mittel sind: Amantadin, Benserazid, Benzatropin, Biperiden,
Bornaprin, Bromocriptin, Cabergolin, Carbidopa, Diphydroergocriptin, Levodopa,
Metixen, Pergolid, Pramipexol, Ropinirol, Tolcapon.
Beispiele für Psychostimulantia sind: Amfetaminil, Deanol, Fencamfamin, Fenetyllin,
Kavain, Methylphenidat, Pemolin, Prolintan.
Beispiele für Schilddrüsen-Therapeutika sind: Carbimazol, Glandulae thyreoideae,
Jod, Jodid, Levothyroxin, Liothyronin, Methylthiouracil, Perchlorat, Proloniumjodid,
Propylthiouracil, Radio-Jod, Thiamazol.
Beispiele für Sedativa/Hypnotika sind: Amobarbital, Chloralhydrat, Clomethiazol,
Glutethimid, Hexobarbital, Methaqualon, Methyprylon, Pentobarbital, Scopolamin,
Sechutabarbital, Secobarbital, Vinylbital, Zolpidem, Zopiclon.
Beispiele für Sexualhormone sind: Chlorotrianisen, Clomifen, Clostebof, Cyproteron,
Drostanolon, Epimestrol, Estradiol, Estriol, Estron, Ethinylestradiol, Flutamid,
Fosfestrol, Konjugierte Estrogene, Medroxyprogesteron, Mesterolon, Mestranol,
Metenolon, Methyltestosteron, Nandrolon, Oxymetholon, Polyestradiophosphat,
Quinestrol, Stanozolol, Testosteron.
Beispiele für Spasmolytika sind: Atropin, Butylscopolamin, Flavoxat,
Glycopyrronium, Mebeverin, Methylscopolamin, Oxybutynin, Tiropramid, Trospiun.
Beispiele für Thrombozytenaggregationshemmer sind: Abciximab,
Acetylsalicylsäure, Dipyridamol, Ticlopidin.
Beispiele für Transquilizer sind: Alprazolam, Bromazepam, Brotizolam, Buspiron,
Camazepam, Chlordiazepoxid, Globazam, Clonazepam, Clorazepat, Clotiazepam,
Diazepam, Flunitrazepam, Flurazepam, Hydroxyzin, Ketazolam, Loprazolam,
Lorazepam, Lormetazepam, Medazepam, Meprobamat, Metaclazepam, Midazolam,
Nitrazepam, Oxazepam, Oxazolam, Prazepam, Temazepam, Tetrazepam,
Triazolam.
Beispiele für Urologika sind: Finasterid.
Beispiele für Varia sind: Dapiprazol, Diethyltoluamid, Liponsäure.
Beispiele für Venenmittel sind: Aescin, Calcium dobesilat, Cumann, Diosmin,
Rutosid, Troxerutin.
Beispiele für Virustatika sind: Aciclovir, Cidofovir, Didanosin, Famciclovir, Foscarnet,
Ganciclovir, Lamivudin, Ritonavir, Zalcitabin, Zidovudin.
Beispiele für Vitamine sind: Alfacalcidol, Allithiamine, Ascorbinsäure, Biotin,
Calcifediol, Calcitriol, Colecalciferol, Cyanocobalamin, Ergocalciferol, Folsäure,
Hydroxocobalamin, Nicotinamid, Pantothensäure, Phytomenadion, Pyridoxin,
Retinol, Riboflavin, Thiamin, Tocopherol, Transcalcifediol.
Beispiele für Zytostatika sind: Aclarubicin, Altretamin, Aminoglutethimid, Amsacrin,
Asparaginase, Bleomycin, Buserelin, Busulfan, Carboplatin, Carmustin,
Chlorambucil, Cladribin, Cisplatin, Cyclophosphamid, Cytarabin, Dacarbazin,
Daunorubicin, Diethylstilbestrol, Docetaxel, Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Etoposid,
Fludarabin, Fluorouracil, Gemcitabin, Goserelin, Hydroxycarbamid, Idarubicin,
Ifosfamid, Lomustin, Melphalan, Mercaptopurin, Mesna, Methotrexat, Miltefosin,
Mitomycin;
Mitoxantron, Panorex, Paclitaxel, Plicamycin, Tamoxifen, Tegafur, Thiotepa, Tioguanin, Topotecan, Triptorelin, Vinblastin, Vincristin, Vindesin, Zorubicin.
Mitoxantron, Panorex, Paclitaxel, Plicamycin, Tamoxifen, Tegafur, Thiotepa, Tioguanin, Topotecan, Triptorelin, Vinblastin, Vincristin, Vindesin, Zorubicin.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ferner ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des
erfindungsgemäßen Mittels, wobei ein schwammartiges Material nach bekannten
Methoden hergestellt und ggf. während oder nach der Herstellung mit einer
wirkstoffhaltigen Formulierung beaufschlagt wird, ferner eine wirkstoffhaltige
Formulierung als Depotschicht nach bekannten Methoden hergestellt wird, auf das
schwammartige Material und/oder die wirkstoffhaltige Depotschicht eine verbindende
Schicht enthaltend Stoffe, die sich im Magen nicht oder nur schwer auflösen,
aufgebracht wird und abschließend die wirkstoffhaltige Depotschicht beispielsweise
unter Druck auf das schwammartige Material aufgebracht wird.
In einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird das
schwammartige Material und/oder die wirkstoffhaltige Depotschicht zur Aufnahme
der verbindenden Schicht mit Poren und/oder Löchern versehen und/oder die
Oberfläche dieser Schichten durch geeignete Techniken aufgerauht oder strukturiert.
Dies ist eine weitere unterstützende Maßnahme für eine effektive und dauerhafte
Verbindung der einzelnen Schichten miteinander.
Neben einem "Verkleben" des schwammartigen Materials mit der wirkstoffhaltigen
Depotschicht durch die erfindungsgemäß verbindende Schicht, kann in einer
weiteren Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung die Verbindung zwischen dem
volumenvergrößernden schwammartigen Material und der wirkstoffhaltigen
Depotschicht durch fadenförmige oder gewebte Stoffe erzielt werden. Hierbei sind
das erfindungsgemäße Mittei durchdringende oder umhüllende Stoffe denkbar, wie
beispielsweise Garne oder Schnüre, Netze oder Kapseln.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zeichnet sich ferner dadurch aus, daß die
verbindende Schicht beispielsweise in Form eines Pulvers, einer Paste, einer Folie,
als Lösung und/oder als Schmelze auf das schwammartige Material und/oder die
wirkstoffhaltige Depotschicht aufgebracht wird. Hierbei kann die verbindende Schicht
beispielsweise durch Sprüh-, Streich-, Tauch- oder Schmelzvorgänge oder andere
geeignete Arbeitsschritte auf die entsprechenden Schichten aufgebracht werden.
In einer besonderen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann die
verbindende Schicht bereits selbst wenigstens eine wirkstoffhaltige Formulierung
enthalten oder mit einer solchen beaufschlagt werden. Dadurch übernimmt die
verbindende Schicht die Funktion der Depotschicht, so daß die Verfahrensschritte
zur Herstellung einer separaten wirkstoffhaltigen Depotschicht und ihre Aufbringung
auf das beschichtete schwammartige Material entfallen können.
Erfindungsgemäß kann in einem weiteren Schritt des Verfahrens eine als Überzug
bezeichnete weitere, äußere Schicht aufgebracht werden, die weitere Hilfsstoffe
enthalten kann, wie beispielsweise Verbindungen, die das Schlucken oder
Einnehmen des erfindungsgemäßen Mittels erleichtern und dem Fachmann unter
"Coating"-Verbindungen oder als Dragiermittel bekannt sind.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ferner die Verwendung des
erfindungsgemäßen Mittels als Depottablette und Arzneimittel, bevorzugt mit
Retardwirkung sowie in Bereichen der Diätetik und Nahrungsmittelergänzung.
Die vorliegende Erfindung wird durch die nachfolgenden Beispiele näher erläutert,
die jedoch nicht limitierend für die vorliegende Erfindung sind:
Pulverförmiges wasserunlösliches Calciumstearat wird als Verbindungsschicht auf
die Oberfläche eines Celluloseschwamms aufgestrichen, so dass die Poren an der
Oberfläche des Schwamms gefüllt sind. Durch einen bei der Tablettenherstellung
üblichen Pressvorgang unter Verwendung einer Matrize sowie Ober- und
Unterstempel wird anschließend das wirkstoffhaltige Material bestehend aus einer
Mischung aus 50 mg Captopril und 100 mg Calciumstearat auf die
Verbindungsschicht aufgepresst. Gleichzeitig erfolgt das Ausstanzen des
beschichteten schwammförmigen Materials in die Form einer Tablette.
Gepulverte Stearinsäure wird als Verbindungsschicht auf die Oberfläche eines
Kollagenschwamms mit einer Schichtdicke von etwa 2 mm aufgebracht. Durch
Wärmebehandlung mittels Infrarot-Bestrahlung wird die Stearinsäure auf den
Schwamm aufgeschmolzen. Als zweite Verbindungsschicht wird eine Mischung (1 : 1)
aus gepulverter Stearinsäure und Methylcellulose ebenfalls mit einer Schichtdicke
von etwa 2 mm aufgebracht und aufgeschmolzen. Durch einen bei der
Tablettenherstellung üblichen Pressvorgang unter Verwendung einer Matrize sowie
Ober- und Unterstempel wird anschließend das wirkstoffhaltige Material bestehend
aus 100 mg Acyclovir und 300 mg Methylcellulose (Tylose MH 4000) auf die
Verbindungsschicht aufgepresst. Dabei erfolgt das Ausstanzen des beschichteten
schwammförmigen Materials in die Form einer Tablette.
Eine Lösung von Maiskleber (Zein) in Ethanol 70%ig wird in dünner Schicht auf
einen Schwamm aus regenerierter Cellulose aufgebracht. Vor dem vollständigen
Trocknen der Lösung wird eine im Voraus gepresste Retardtablette aus einer
Einbettung von 100 mg Acyclovir (heil) in Maiskleber (2 Teile) in einer
Tablettenpresse auf den Schwamm aufgepresst. Beide Materialien verbinden sich.
In künstlichem Magensaft wird das in Herstellungsbeispiel 1 beschriebene
Arzneimittel auf die Stabilität der Verbindung zwischen dem schwammartigen
Material und auf die Wirkstofffreisetzung des Captoprils untersucht. Die Verbindung
war über den Untersuchungszeitraum von 12 Stunden haltbar. Die
Wirkstofffreisetzung erfolgte zeitlich gesteuert mit 33% nach 60 min. etwa 65%
nach 240 min und 90% nach 480 min.
Claims (14)
1. Mittel für die zeitverzögerte Freisetzung von Wirkstoffen im
Gastrointestinaltrakt enthaltend ein schwammförmiges in gastrointestinalen
Flüssigkeiten und/oder Körperflüssigkeiten unlösliches oder schwer lösliches,
volumenvergrößerndes Material und wenigstens eine wirkstoffhaltige
Formulierung als Depotschicht, wobei zwischen dem schwammartigen
Material und der Depotschicht wenigstens eine weitere, verbindende Schicht
enthalten ist, die ihrerseits Stoffe enthält, die sich im Magen nicht oder nur
schwer auflösen.
2. Mittel gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die in der
verbindenden Schicht enthaltenen Stoffe natürliche und/oder synthetische
Polymere oder Mischungen davon sind.
3. Mittel gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die in der verbindenden Schicht enthaltenen Stoffe lipophile Substanzen
und/oder Fette und/oder Wachse und/oder Paraffine sind.
4. Mittel gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die
in der verbindenden Schicht enthaltenen lipophilen Substanzen Fettsäuren
und/oder deren Salze sind.
5. Mittel gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die
in der verbindenden Schicht enthaltenen Stoffe folienartig sind.
6. Mittel gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es
als verbindendes Mittel fadenförmige und/oder gewebeänhliche Stoffe enthält.
7. Mittel gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das
schwammartige Material in komprimierter Form vorliegt.
8. Mittel gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es
als äußerste Schicht einen Überzug enthaltend weitere Hilfsstoffe aufweist.
9. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Mittels gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
- a) ein schwammartiges Material nach bekannten Methoden hergestellt und ggf. während oder nach der Herstellung mit einer wirkstoffhaltigen Formulierung beaufschlagt wird,
- b) eine wirkstoffhaltige Formulierung als Depotschicht nach bekannten Methoden hergestellt wird,
- c) auf die Schicht a) und/oder die Schicht b) eine verbindende Schicht enthaltend Stoffe, die sich im Magen nicht oder nur schwer auflösen, aufgebracht wird,
- d) die wirkstoffhaltige Depotschicht b) auf das schwammartige Material a) aufgebracht wird.
10. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das
schwammartige Material und/oder die wirkstoffhaltige Depotschicht zur
Aufnahme der verbindenden Schicht mit Poren und/oder Löchern versehen
wird und/oder durch geeignete Weise oberflächlich aufgerauht und/oder
strukturiert wird.
11. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die verbindende Schicht in Form eines Pulvers, einer Paste, einer Folie,
als Lösung, als Schmelze und/oder Kombinationen davon auf das
schwammartige Material und/oder die wirkstoffhaltige Depotschicht
aufgebracht wird.
12. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Schritte b) und d) gemäß Anspruch 10 entfallen, sofern die
verbindende Schicht mit wenigstens einer wirkstoffhaltigen Formulierung
beaufschlagt wird.
13. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß als äußere Schicht ein Überzug enthaltend weitere Hilfsstoffe aufgebracht
wird.
14. Verwendung eines Mittels gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 in Bereichen
der Diätetik und Nahrungsmittelergänzung.
Priority Applications (2)
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DE2000116356 DE10016356B4 (de) | 2000-04-03 | 2000-04-03 | Mittel mit verbesserter Retardwirkung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
DE20023135U DE20023135U1 (de) | 2000-04-03 | 2000-04-03 | Mittel mit verbesserter Retardwirkung |
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DE2000116356 DE10016356B4 (de) | 2000-04-03 | 2000-04-03 | Mittel mit verbesserter Retardwirkung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
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DE10016356A1 true DE10016356A1 (de) | 2001-10-04 |
DE10016356B4 DE10016356B4 (de) | 2007-06-21 |
Family
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DE20023135U Expired - Lifetime DE20023135U1 (de) | 2000-04-03 | 2000-04-03 | Mittel mit verbesserter Retardwirkung |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002043706A2 (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2002-06-06 | Labopharm Inc. | Prolamin-based sustained-release compositions and delayed-onset compositions |
WO2003026637A2 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2003-04-03 | Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited | Dosage form for treatment of diabetes mellitus |
WO2003030869A1 (de) * | 2001-10-09 | 2003-04-17 | Apogepha Arzneimittel Gmbh | Orale darreichungsformen für propiverin oder seinen pharmazeutisch annehmbaren salzen mit verlängerter wirkstofffreisetzung |
WO2004050075A1 (en) * | 2002-11-29 | 2004-06-17 | Laboratorios Del Dr. Esteve S.A. | Use of 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic compounds for the treatment of disorders based on an impairment of no production and/or of regulation of edhf function |
WO2004050074A1 (en) * | 2002-11-29 | 2004-06-17 | Laboratorios Del Dr. Esteve S.A. | Use of 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic compounds for the treatment of disorders based on an impairment of no production and/or of regulation of edhf function |
DE10259504A1 (de) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-07-08 | Beisel, Günther | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines oral einnehmbaren Mittels enthaltend schwammartige Materialien |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100897890B1 (ko) | 2002-06-17 | 2009-05-18 | 인벤티아 헬스케어 피브이티. 엘티디. | 티아졸리딘디온 및 바이구아나이드를 함유하는 다층 정제및 그의 제조 방법 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE29624397U1 (de) * | 1996-09-07 | 2003-02-20 | Beisel, Günther, 40789 Monheim | Mittel mit Retardwirkung |
DE19739031A1 (de) * | 1997-09-05 | 1999-03-11 | Suwelack Nachf Dr Otto | Mittel zur peroralen Verabreichung, seine Herstellung und Verwendung |
-
2000
- 2000-04-03 DE DE2000116356 patent/DE10016356B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-04-03 DE DE20023135U patent/DE20023135U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002043706A3 (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2003-03-27 | Labopharm Inc | Prolamin-based sustained-release compositions and delayed-onset compositions |
WO2002043706A2 (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2002-06-06 | Labopharm Inc. | Prolamin-based sustained-release compositions and delayed-onset compositions |
WO2003026637A3 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2003-05-01 | Sun Pharmaceutical Ind Ltd | Dosage form for treatment of diabetes mellitus |
WO2003026637A2 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2003-04-03 | Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited | Dosage form for treatment of diabetes mellitus |
AU2002346973B2 (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2006-10-12 | Apogepha Arzneimittel Gmbh | Oral Dosage Form for Propiverine or its Pharmaceutically Acceptable Salts with an Extended Release of the Active Ingredient |
DE10149674A1 (de) * | 2001-10-09 | 2003-04-24 | Apogepha Arzneimittel Gmbh | Orale Darreichungsformen für Propiverin oder seinen pharmazeutisch annehmbaren Salzen mit verlängerter Wirkstoffreisetzung |
WO2003030869A1 (de) * | 2001-10-09 | 2003-04-17 | Apogepha Arzneimittel Gmbh | Orale darreichungsformen für propiverin oder seinen pharmazeutisch annehmbaren salzen mit verlängerter wirkstofffreisetzung |
AU2002346973B8 (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2006-11-09 | Apogepha Arzneimittel Gmbh | Oral Dosage Form for Propiverine or its Pharmaceutically Acceptable Salts with an Extended Release of the Active Ingredient |
EA008862B1 (ru) * | 2001-10-09 | 2007-08-31 | Апогефа Арцнаймиттель Гмбх | Оральная дозированная форма пропиверина |
US7943176B2 (en) | 2001-10-09 | 2011-05-17 | Apogepha Arzneimittel Gmbh | Oral dosage form for propiverine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts with an extended release of the active ingredient |
WO2004050075A1 (en) * | 2002-11-29 | 2004-06-17 | Laboratorios Del Dr. Esteve S.A. | Use of 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic compounds for the treatment of disorders based on an impairment of no production and/or of regulation of edhf function |
WO2004050074A1 (en) * | 2002-11-29 | 2004-06-17 | Laboratorios Del Dr. Esteve S.A. | Use of 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic compounds for the treatment of disorders based on an impairment of no production and/or of regulation of edhf function |
DE10259504A1 (de) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-07-08 | Beisel, Günther | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines oral einnehmbaren Mittels enthaltend schwammartige Materialien |
Also Published As
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DE20023135U1 (de) | 2003-04-03 |
DE10016356B4 (de) | 2007-06-21 |
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