DE1000334B - Process for the finishing of textile fibers - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

It is already, e.g. B. from the German patent application D 3505 IVb / 12g, known, aluminum oxide, whose individual particles are characterized by a special surface quality, which differs from that of the aluminum oxide obtained by other processes, and an extremely small particle size, made by making aluminum chloride subjected to thermal hydrolysis in the gaseous state at temperatures above 600 °. In the process, finely divided aluminum oxide is formed in the form of an aerosol, which by rapid cooling deposited at temperatures above the dew point of the water in the form of an airgel and can be won. It is already known to use these alumina aerogels as active reinforcing fillers to be used for synthetic or natural rubber or for plastics of all kinds.

It has been found that there are textile fiber materials of the most varied types, which are both loose individual fibers as well as yarns, knitted fabrics, fabrics or the like may be present, in particular with regard to the handle, Appearance, rub resistance, etc. can be improved if, on their surfaces, amounts of expediently between 0.05 and 10% (calculated on the fiber weight) of these aerogels in the form of their as Applies dispersions in water or other suitable solvents. To this end can the fiber materials to be treated are placed in a dilute aqueous suspension of these aluminum oxide aerogels immerse and move them in it until the desired amount of aluminum oxide Noun is drawn onto the fiber and fixed in a washable form. You can also do that Spray fibrous materials with these suspensions or, if necessary, with the excess liquid free by squeezing or centrifuging and dry after this treatment. Furthermore, the Mixing the aluminum oxide aerogels in conventional textile or foil treatment baths, such as those used, for example are used for the purpose of wetting, softening, softening or finishing, possible. You can also apply the aluminum oxide airgel as a dry powder to the surfaces of the Dust on textile fibers. Another way that is particularly suitable for the treatment of woven goods is, is that one on these pasty aluminum oxide dispersions, which may be the may contain thickeners commonly used in stuff printing, printed on and by steaming on the Fiber fixed.

The liquid or pasty aluminum oxide aerogel dispersions Depending on the requirements, all chemicals used in textile finishing can be used, as far as This is compatible with the aluminum oxide suspensions Process for the refinement of textile fibers

Applicant:

German gold and silver refinery

formerly Roessler, Frankfurt / M.,

Weißfrauenstr. 9

Dr. Karl Dithmar, Frankfurt / M.

and Erwin Debus, Wiesbaden-Biebrich,

have been named as inventors

are and do not have a flaky effect on them, e.g. B. surface-active substances, especially those non-ionic or of a cationic nature, protective colloids, acids, alkalis, bleaches, dyes. Thickener, Oil, fat or synthetic resin emulsions or the like. Contain.

Instead of the pure aluminum oxide aerogels, corresponding mixed oxide aerogels or Use mixtures of aerogels which, in addition to predominant amounts of aluminum oxide, are also subordinate Contains quantities of silica gels.

The essence of the present invention is to be explained in more detail by the following examples

example 1

18 kg aluminum oxide aerogel, which after the Process according to patent application D 3505 IVb / 12g is prepared with 82 liters of distilled water wetted and by stirring for one hour in a stirrer that rotates around 5000 revolutions per minute makes, converted into the form of a stable aluminum oxide dispersion.

100 kg of copper cell wollegar η are in strand form in a dye packer with periodic reversal of the liquid pumping direction during Treated for 20 minutes at a temperature of 25 ° with a bath, which in 10001 soft water 2 kg contains the aluminum oxide dispersion described above and 2 kg of a cationic softener. The treatment bath is completely removed by absorbing its ingredients onto the copper cellulose wool exhausted. Finally, the rayon is centrifuged and dried in the usual way.

The copper cellulose wool is characterized by a nice, soft handle. She is turned into blankets

then weaves them on card raising machines be roughened. This results in a full grip and a very regular, fluffy fleece-like surface. Comparatively produced ceilings that have not been pretreated with aluminum oxide dispersions, are inferior to the blankets made according to the invention in this regard.

Example 2

A batch of 300 kg of woolen yarn (metric no. 2) is pulled in rope form on a dye tub treated for 30 minutes at room temperature in a bath which is made up of 1500 liters of permutitol water 4.5 kg of the aluminum oxide dispersion described in Example 1 contains. After that the yarn centrifuged, dried and processed as pile material for wool velor carpets. The cut thread in the carpet the tuft, which is known to be the strongest in carpets part that is stressed and endangered by wear and tear. The handle of the manufactured according to the method Carpet is more robust than that of a similar carpet, the wool of which, however, does not contain aluminum oxide aerogel is pretreated.

Sections of the carpet made in the inventive manner are compared to FIG those made from the same wool yarn, but not pretreated with aluminum oxide aerogel was made, tested on the Schopper abrasion tester with 1000 g load for their abrasion resistance. It has been found that a) in the carpet material produced according to the method, the pile tuft after 2000 revolutions on the scrubbing disc against sandpaper, despite the sanding, still a complete one Velor blanket forms; b) on the other hand, in the case of the comparison material which has not been pretreated with aluminum oxide aerogel was so ground that only a few islands remain from the velor ceiling.

Example 3

Polyacrylonitrile staple fibers with a single titer of 3 deniers are ^{prepared with 4% of their weight of mineral oil and 0.4 fl} / o aluminum oxide aerogels, which are applied in the form of an aqueous emulsion, by spraying with an atomizer and with wool to form a mixed fiber, which is 90% Contains wool and 10% polyacrylonitrile fiber, rolled together. The mixture is more uniform than in the case of the comparatively untreated fiber material, so that it is easier to process it into worsted yarn. Furthermore, the unpleasant gloss and the yellow inherent color of the acrylonitrile fiber is reduced.

Example 4

Dyed Perlon staple fibers with a single denier of 3.5 deniers are made according to that described in Example 3 Process with 0.3% oil emulsion, the 0.3% of the im Example 1 described aluminum oxide dispersion and 0.4 * / »plasticizer are added, prepared and processed on 100% perlon-wool mixed fiber, spun and woven. The men's suit fabrics made from this fiber mixture show an increased Ironing fastness. The sticking to the iron feared by the manufacturing process is due to the process Treatment canceled.

dispersion (see example ι), 30 kg of a 50 ° / »igen Suspension of a copolymer of polyacrylic acid and polyacrylic acid ester, 50 kg of distilled Water, 2 kg of a nonionic, by condensation of fatty acids and / or fatty alcohol with Ethylene oxide obtained commercial dispersant, 900 kg soft water, impregnated on the Squeezed off foulard and dried.

The wash resistance of the finish exceeds that of the individual components considerably, so that the Finishing lasts until the curtains wear out naturally.

Example 6

A cotton fabric, which is dyed with diazo dyes, is printed with the following etching paste: g of an aluminum oxide _{aerogel paste with a content of 40 g Al 2} O ₃ in 100 ecm, 60 g formaldehyde sodium sulfoxylate, 320 g water, 500 g of a

ao thickening, which was made from 75 g of methylcellulose and 425 g of water.

After the fabric has been printed and the etching paste has dried, the fabric is steamed and rinsed or soaped and dried after rinsing again.

»5 The print samples are characterized by a very good white and are not damaged by strong exposure to light.

Claims (7)

Patent claims: 1. Process for the refinement of textile fibers or from products made from them or from films made of plastics, characterized in that one on their surface by thermal hydrolysis of aluminum chloride Aluminum oxide aerogels obtained by known methods, expediently in amounts between 0.05 and 10% (calculated on the weight of the fiber). 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized by the use of predominantly aluminum oxide containing mixed oxide aerogels or airgel mixtures containing silica gel. 3. A process according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by the use of suspensions of aluminum oxide-containing aerogels in water or solvents, preferably at _pH values between 3 and 4.5. 4. Process according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized through the use of surface-active substances, namely non-ionic substances or of a cationic nature. 5. Process according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized through the use of finishing agents, for example thickeners or of oil, fat, wax or synthetic resin emulsions. 6. Process according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the fiber material is diluted in Airgel suspensions are treated until the desired amount of aluminum oxide appears the fiber noun is raised. 7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the fiber material with a pasty Airgel suspension is printed. B ejs ρ 1 e 1 5 _In £ _etracht solid publications: Curtain fabrics are used in a finishing bath of the British Patent No. 260,935. the following composition: 18 kg aluminum oxide - USA.Patent No. 2054208.