DD231236A3 - APPARATUS FOR DRYING NAZELY EMERGING MACHINERY - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for rapid desalination and drying of wet-damaged masonry using a combined electrode consisting of a plastic shell, steel rod, cover plate, Ausflussoeffnung and quicklime. The device includes a combination of several effects, namely the chemical and hygroscopic affinity of the burned lime over water with simultaneous electrolytic decomposition of the water, electrolytic transport of the soluble salts present in the masonry and electro-osmotic transport of the water. At the same time Galciumionen are introduced into the masonry and leads to its solidification. The process is characterized by its easy installation, fast operation and partial reuse of the electrodes. The method is suitable for all known architectural styles and materials, but preferably for heavily saline masonry.

Description

a) Title de j invention

Device for Drying Wet-Damaged Masonry

b) Field of application of the invention

The invention "refers to a device for drying wet-damaged masonry, especially residential buildings.

c) Characteristics of the known technical solutions

It is well known that horizontal masonry barriers of a traditional kind are technically worn out and lose their effectiveness after forty to fifty years. · There are basically a number of procedures in the relevant literature for renewing the worn horizontal barrier on old buildings. · They are divided into:

1 · Mechanical methods in which a renewed horizontal blocking is achieved by mechanical separation of the masonry and introduction of a barrier board or plastic film. These methods are usually very safe, but usually associated with hard physical work, or with a lasting impact on the statics of the building · In heavily saline masonry their effect is low ·

2 · Chemical injecting ge procedure in which a liquid and / or suspended barrier substance is introduced into the masonry by various manipulations · Such methods are usually due to a high consumption of barrier substance, very expensive and by a poor distribution voijallem in mixed masonry still technically not sure.

3 · Electrochemical processes in which drying is achieved with the aid of electrokinetic phenomena · These processes are to be subdivided into active and passive processes · Problematic in all active processes is the resistance to electrodes over periods of twenty years and more, or one works with hpchedlem electrode material (eg platinum), which are not acceptable in terms of cost · Especially the active electro-osmosis processes have gained a bad reputation in the past, as often the promised drying effect has not occurred.

In certain procedures, it is recommended to use electrosmosis only where a certain soluble salt content in the masonry has not been exceeded. In fact, the presence of soluble salts in masonry is a major problem. Constructed by the water cycle in the masonry, it collects Soil with the water penetrating into the masonry in the area of the evaporation zone · Such efflorescence is known to any construction expert · The composition of these salts differs and depends primarily on the nature of the subsoil, but also on the environmental impact ·

Such salts (Mg Cl _2, Ga Gl _3, Na ₃ SO ^ etc.) have hygroscopic properties and also speed up the water rise by the principle of osmosis. Above all, however, these salts interfere with the electroosmotic drying. The anions present in the masonry migrate to the anode where they are discharged and lead to strong corrosion of the electrodes via known chemical reactions. This fact, which is known per se, has hitherto been insufficiently considered.

For certain anode materials (graphite), such electrode corrosion processes can be used to turn over the

pH value

and thus lead to the turnover of the zeta potential, i. instead of the desired blocking effect, a pumping action is obtained.

The DE-OS 2440192 includes a method and apparatus for stabilization of soil by means of fired EaIk, holes are drilled in the soil (ground) and this filled with quicklime · This is the soil in the environment, the water withdrawn.

DE-OS 2440192 includes a method and apparatus for active electro-osmosis. For this purpose, electrodes made of carbon-rich material are introduced into the masonry and connected to a DC power source.

The DS-OS 2717291 includes a process for dehydration by means of the anode and cathode flows through the masonry and the anode consists of a plastic or mushy mass, which is provided with an insulated companion conductor.

All other known patents do not include the desalination and simultaneous drying of wet-damaged masonry.

d) Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to have a device ready with the aid of which a quick and reliable removal of moisture-damaged masonry can be achieved in order to restore the utility of old buildings.

e) , presentation of the essence of the invention

The object of the invention is to develop a device that chemically and electrolytically removes the masonry with Ocation cations soluble in one operation soluble salts from the masonry at the same time and it dries electroosmotic.

According to the invention the object is achieved in that in predrilled Löohern, which are inclined towards the outside, a substance that has a chemical and physical affinity to water, preferably quicklime in ground! Is arranged, being between the masonry and this substance Trough is in the fabric an electrode, preferably a steel rod, stored, which is guided by a cover plate having a recess on the underside. The masonry located in the end of the electrode is also surrounded by the material. The cover plate is located in the area of the outer edge of the drying wall.

f) embodiment

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment. The drawings show:

Fig. 1: the cross section through the electrode and Fig. 2: the installation example

A decades-damaging one-family house, which has a significant salinity and in the basement area to 25 mass % moisture should be desalted dry with the proposed device. For this purpose, holes are drilled below the basement ceiling with a diameter of 45 mm, I50 mm depth and at a distance of 700 mm. In these holes is filled by means of pneumatic pressure powdered quicklime. Thereafter, the combination electrode is inserted accordingly. The steel rod 2 for contacting with the masonry 5 is pushed through the cover 3 so far in the lurking 5 that he is surrounded by fire limestone 6 around. After five days, the effluent of a solution of Ga Gl ₂ and Ga (OH) ₂ begins to flow out through the drainage port 4. At this time, the quicklime 6 is extinguished and of pulpy consistency.

With the beginning of the outflow of the solution via the trough 1, a controllable rectifier generates forty volts of voltage

given the anode plant and with; two Srder rods, connected as a cathode, connect · At the beginning of the desalting and drying, a current of 280 mA was dropped to 40 mA after six weeks.

During this period, subsequent desalination and drying were achieved.

O-hessing after six

weeks

H ₂ O - content above basement floor 18.8 mass % 9.2 mass %

"- ^w 1,00 m above basement floor 23,9 Mass % 5,8 Mass %

". -" below basement ceiling 24.9 Maas % 4.2 lass %

Gloride Content 0 0.029% 0.007 %

related to the brickwork ·

Claims (2)

Inventions Anspruch [en] Apparatus for drying wet-damaged masonry using electro-osmotic processes, and electrodes located in pre-drilled holes in the masonry, characterized in that the holes are outwardly inclined, that a trough (1) is arranged in each of the holes, that in the trough (1) is a substance with chemical and physical affinity to water, in which an electrically conductive rod (2) is embedded, that the rod at the input through a cover plate (3) is guided, which with a recess (4 ·) Is provided and that the rod (2) has no direct contact with the masonry (5). 2 · Device according to point 1, characterized in that the trough (1) and bar (2) are longer than the depth of the holes in the masonry (5) · For this 2 pages drawings