DD227180A1 - DEVICE FOR PREVENTING THE FREEZING OF WATER-SPRAYED ROOMS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for preventing the freezing of water-filled rooms, or of rooms, which are filled with aqueous liquids, in particular of pipes, fittings, containers and the like. According to the invention, this is achieved cost-effectively with relatively little technical and material outlay, by arranging pieces or pieces of stock of porous material in various forms as protective device or applying it to the inner wall.

Description

Device for preventing the freezing of water-filled spaces

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a device for the protection of filled with water or liquids containing water pipes, containers, fittings and / or channels, with the help of the bursting or damaging of water-containing spaces due to the increase in volume is prevented upon solidification of the water.

This device is applicable in all industrial, communal and private areas where frost-prone water-filled spaces such as piping, tanks, fittings and / or ducts are installed.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

It is known that for water-filled spaces such. As pipelines, containers, channels u. Like. The risk of bursting is when the water freezes therein.

So far, it was necessary to drain the water from the containers at risk, to freeze with frost effect

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to prevent. There are already known inventions that protect water-filled spaces from destruction due to freezing of the water.

In DE-OS 2,836,105 it is proposed to arrange concentrically in a rigid tube an elastic tube at a mutual distance and to connect with each other by sockets. By this arrangement, as well as by radial beads in the elastic and a vent in the rigid tube of the resulting volume expansion during the freezing process of the water pressure is absorbed and thus protects the surrounding space of the water from destruction.

In GB-PS 1 288 677 an elastic inner tube and a rigid outer tube is also used. The inner tube has radial beads, which divide this into individual cells and an outer web for guidance in the rigid tube. The pressure occurring during the freezing process of the water is absorbed by the compression of the gas in the elastic tube cells, so that it does not reach the size necessary for the bursting of the rigid tube.

In DE-OS 2,934,580 openings are attached to the wall of the water-filled space, which are closed with plugs. These plugs have a bore which is closed with an elastic material. Behind it is a gas-filled cavity. When pressure increases due to freezing of the water, the gas is compressed behind the elastic material and thus limits the resulting pressure to allowable values, so that it does not destroy the room wall.

The aforementioned .Lösungen have the disadvantage that they are very expensive in construction and therefore expensive. On

Another disadvantage is that even with small leaks or porosity of the material, eg. B. due to aging, a partially uncontrollable replenishment of the relatively large air chambers can be done with water, resulting in the inefficiency of the device. Furthermore, to be regarded as a disadvantage that the elastic systems must be made exactly matching the spaces to be protected. In addition, it is to be regarded as a disadvantage in terms of compressive strength and pressure safety when the pipe jacket must be provided with holes.

Object of the invention

It is the object of the invention to develop a device for preventing frost damage to water-filled spaces such as pipes, Behältarn, fittings and / or channels, which can be implemented with little effort and to avoid the disadvantages of the aforementioned solutions.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

- The technical problem which is solved by the invention.

The invention has as its object to develop a device with which a simple way of protection against frost damage to water-filled spaces such as pipes, containers, fittings and / or channels is achieved without the need for special elastic inner tubes or holes in the pipe wall are required ,

Features of the invention

This object is achieved in that as a device for preventing frost damage to water-filled spaces arranged polymeric material in these spaces or on their in-

is applied, which contains pores, which are filled at the use temperature with a gaseous medium and which are at least partially isolated from each other. The volume expansion occurring in the freezing process is intercepted by the gas trapped in the polymer as a result of its compression. The pressure created by this compression is relatively low, so that it can be absorbed by the room wall.

As polymer materials containing a plurality of gas-filled pores with a preferred pore diameter of less than 2 mm, in particular polymers come into consideration, which still have a sufficiently high elasticity at the freezing point of the water.

In addition, the polymer must be chemically stable to the medium to be pumped and physiologically safe for drinking water purposes.

These requirements meet z. As thermoelastic Polybutadienpolymerisate, certain types of PVC, vinyl acetate copolymers and polyolefins. These materials are preferably used in the form of profile pieces or profile stock.

Depending on the pore content or degree of foaming of the polymer and on the operating pressure, the profile cross-section must be at least so great that the volume increase of the solidification process is compensated without exceeding the permissible strength of the room wall. This is the case if, depending on the construction and water content of the medium , it amounts to 10 to 50 %, preferably 15 to 25 %, of the spatial cross section.

It is particularly advantageous that both new to be laid as well as already installed pipes, containers, channels

u. Like. Relatively easy to be equipped with liners or profiles of the polymer.

Another advantage is that jacks or holes omitted in the room wall. Different profile shapes can be used. However, the profile used must be made so large and / or designed so that the profile cross section resulting at insert pressure is cut at every possible position in the tube of each resulting diameter of the tube inner circle. Profiles and linings for pipelines, containers and channels can be made endless and used in different geometric shapes straight or drilled.

If necessary, the profiles can be fastened at both ends by known technical means. The narrowing of the cross section of the pipe can be compensated by the choice of a larger nominal diameter or by increasing the flow velocity in the pipe.

The advantages listed can be expected that the installation of burglar-proof piping, tanks, fittings, channels u. Like. Can be done much cheaper than previously known methods.

In addition, a retrofit into existing water-bearing spaces, eg. As piping, due to the simple technology without technical modification of the piping possible. So z. B. annular profiles are introduced in a known manner by means of water pressure in pipelines.

Another significant advantage is to be considered that the reliability of this device is higher than in the previously known solutions. The destruction of individual pores, especially in the surface of the polymer, z. As a result of aging and / or mechanical stress or by cutting the insert for non-standard cavities, does not lead to inoperability.

- 6 embodiments

The invention will be explained with reference to exemplary embodiments.

example 1

To test the effectiveness of the device according to the invention for the prevention of frost damage, pipe sections made of steel of 200 mm length, 40 mm pipe width and 3.5 mm wall thickness were used. In these pieces of pipe differently shaped profile pieces made of foamed polyethene were introduced, which contained mutually insulated pores with a diameter of about 0.5 mm.

Depending on the embodiment and degree of foaming of the material, the profile of the profile was 10 to 25 % of the pipe cross-section.

The various embodiments are described with reference to drawings, show

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a first embodiment

Fig. La a cross section of this first embodiment

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of a second embodiment

Fig. 2a shows a cross section of this second embodiment

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a third embodiment

Fig. 3a shows a cross section of this third embodiment

In embodiment 1 acc. Figure 1 and la was in the pipe section 1 a simple round profile piece 3 loosely inserted and the free cross section 2 filled with water. The profile piece must be so large in this case that the tube center is covered.

More suitable for this application is a triangular profile in which about 50 % less material use the same effect is achieved.

In embodiment 2 acc. Figure 2 and 2a, a flush retracted profile piece 4 was used. The star-shaped design results in the same effect a larger free cross-section 2 for transporting the water.

The embodiment 3 acc. FIG. 3 or 3a is characterized by the use of a hollow profile 5. The annular cross-section (hose) represents the most optimal solution with regard to the use of materials and the aerodynamic design of the insert.

The water-filled pipe sections were each exposed to a temperature of - 18 C for 24 hours. In all three embodiments occurred by the solidification of water to ice a visible increase in volume, which was compensated by the reduction in volume of the inserted profile, thereby the construction of a dangerous upper pressure inside the tube was avoided. Frost breaks in the pipe wall did not occur. In a corresponding blank test without elastic insert the pipe wall was torn open on one side.

Example 2

In Example 2, the experiments were carried out analogously to Example 1 using glass vessels of approximately the same dimensions with about 4 mm wall thickness and the embodiments given in Example 1. When the elastic profile was inserted, no destruction of the glass vessels occurred, whereas in blind tests without an insert the vessels were broken.

Claims (5)

invention claim 1. A device for preventing the freezing of water-filled spaces or spaces filled with water containing liquids, characterized in that arranged as a device for preventing frost damage to these spaces polymeric material in these spaces or applied to the inner wall, which contains pores at the operating temperature are filled with a gaseous medium and at least partially isolated from each other. 2. Device according to item 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the introduced polymeric material, depending on the construction of the space to be protected and according to the water content of the medium in it is 10 to 50 % of the spatial cross-section. 3. Device according to item 1 and 2, characterized in that the mutually insulated gas-filled pores have a maximum diameter of 2 mm. 4. Device according to item 1 to 3, characterized in that the pore-containing polymeric material is arranged as a profile piece, as a profile band or tubular in the rooms and at least partially attached. 5. The device according to item 1 to 4, characterized in that the pore-containing polymeric material is applied directly as a layer on the room wall. - For this 1 sheet drawings -