DD202274A5 - RAIL CLAMP - Google Patents

Abstract

The rail clamp is applicable for hard braking of track-bound vehicles. While the object of the invention is to be seen in the enhancement of utility characteristics and serviceability, the object is to provide a rail clip of the generic type which is characterized by reducing the bulk of the building and increasing the force on the pliers legs. This is essentially achieved in that the free ends of the two jaw legs (2, 3) facing away from the clamping jaws (13) are connected to the free ends of at least two toggle levers (6, 7) by means of joints (8a, 8b) ; 7a; 6b; 7b) are connected in pairs with opposite inclination. Between the knee joints (9; 10) of the toggle levers (6; 7) are articulated a spring (17) u acting on the rail tongs (1) in the closing sense. a cylinder-piston unit (15; 16) connected to open the rail tongs (1).

Description

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rail clamp

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a rail tongs for track-bound vehicles, such as B, cranes, spreaders, reclaimers or the like, in which the forceps jaws facing away from the jaws spreadable by acting on the knee joint at least one toggle spring and attacking by a knee joint of the toggle lever Cylinder-piston unit against the spring force in the opening direction are mutually movable ..

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

Such a rail clamp has become known, for example, from DE-AS 1 203 304 and DD-PS 20 555. In these known arrangements, the closing force of the rail pliers is effected by a spring, while the opening movement is effected against the force of this spring by a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit. In these known arrangements, the piston rod engages the knee joint of the toggle lever, while the spring and the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder-piston assembly is stationary or on the part to which the forceps arms are articulated supported. For the opening and closing movement is thus the stroke of the spring or the piston relative to the fixed portion portion available and the displacement of the knee joint corresponds to this stroke. The force acting on the knee joint force is transmitted through the arms forming the toggle on the forceps arms.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to design a rail pliers of the generic type such that the utility

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properties and service friendliness are increased,

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a rail pliers of the generic type, which is characterized in that when reducing the dimensions, the force acting on the forceps arms force is increased.

The invention consists essentially in the fact that at least two toggle lever with pairwise opposite inclination of the toggle arms are provided, that the free ends of the two toggle lever forming arms are hingedly connected by joints with the pliers legs, and that one end of the spring and the Cylinder hinged to the knee joint of one toggle lever and the other end of the spring and the piston is pivotally connected to the knee joint of the other toggle lever. The fact that two toggle lever are provided and that the spring or the cylinder-piston unit acts between the two knee joints and not between a knee joint and a fixed point, is at the same stroke of the articulation points of the arms of the toggle on the pliers legs of the stroke Spring doubled and it is therefore doubled the contact pressure of the jaws on the rail. But it must not be increased compared to the known arrangements, the stroke of the spring, but it can be at the same stroke of the spring, the toggle in the initial position closer to the extended position. The stretched the toggle lever in the starting position, the greater the force exerted by the toggle lever on the forceps arms force and ea is doubled as well as the force exerted on the forceps arms spreading force.

In a .vorteilhaften embodiment of the invention, the cylinder of the hydraulic piston unit is as a bag

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hole formed in the head part of a rod which engages the knee joint of the jaw closer lying around the jaw lever, and that the Peder is supported on connected to the piston and the rod Pedertellern. As a result, in a structurally simple manner, the attack of the peder or the cylinder-cylinder aggregates on the knee joints of the two toggle levers is made possible, and a reduction of the dimensions is achieved. Only two toggles whose pairs have opposite inclination may be used, or each of these toggles may be formed as a toggle pair with the toggles disposed on either side of the rod, thereby providing symmetrical power transmission.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the piston is rigidly connected to a substantially cylindrical housing which overlaps the rod and the peder and whose end wall penetrated by the rod is designed as a pedal disc Preferably, in this case, the peder is formed by a disc spring package enclosed by the cylindrical housing and guided on the rod.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cylindrical housing is suspended freely suspended from the knee joints of the toggle. In this way, this cylindrical housing, which contains the entire actuator, namely the hydraulic unit and the Peder, easily accessible for repair or setting purposes and can be easily removed after loosening the two articulation points and spent in the workshop.

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Torteile the arrangement is such that a pliers leg in the vertical direction and transversely to the rail longitudinal direction is adjustably connected via carrier to the frame of the vehicle and a support body of the jaws rigidly connected to the one carrier of the jaws and connected to the other pliers legs supporting body of the jaws is guided on the other carrier. Thus, both clamping jaws are fixed or guided on the carriers, wherein the carriers are in turn supported against the vehicle frame, and thereby the holding forces acting in the longitudinal direction of the rails are absorbed directly by the carriers and thus also by the vehicle frame. Characterized in that a pliers leg, on which the other pliers limb is hinged, heightwise and transversely to the rail longitudinal direction on the carrier with the vehicle frame in the height direction and horizontally transversely to the rail longitudinal direction adjustably connected, the jaws can be adjusted in their altitude, so that they are not obstructive during the journey and also transversely to the rail longitudinal direction in such? / ire that a central application of the forces is ensured relative to the rail longitudinal axis. In the rail longitudinal direction, the pliers is guided immovably, so that the braking forces are absorbed in the first place of the support structure and the pivot pin of the two pliers legs is relieved each other.

Appropriately, according to the invention, the jaws are arranged about an axis parallel to the rail longitudinal axis pivotally mounted on the support bodies, so that an automatic adjustment to the cross-sectional profile of the rail head can be made. According to the invention, the articulation point of the toggle lever on at least one pliers leg adjustable, in particular as an eccentric, be formed. This allows the inclination of the forceps relative to the longitudinal axis of the

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Rail can be adjusted and it can also be adjusted the rail tongs relative to the axis of the actuator in their lleigung. Furthermore, however, also wear on the brake shoes can be compensated «

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pedals are dimensioned and the toggle lever so averaged out that the joints of the forceps apart spreading force remains largely constant regardless of the wear of the jaws over the entire working range of the clamping operation. As a result, the clamping force is largely the same regardless of the wear of the jaws and the joints as well as independent of tolerances in the width of the rail head.

embodiment

The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. In the accompanying drawing show:

Pig. 1 ;: the rail clamp seen in side view in the longitudinal direction of the rail;

Pig. 2: the pliers after Pig. 1 in side view transverse to the rail longitudinal direction partially in section samtder support structure;

Pig. 3: a detail of the jaws in the view after Pig. 1 in an enlarged view;

Pig. 4i the course of the holding force over the working area of the pliers.

The rail pliers 1 has two pliers legs 2; 3 on. The pliers limb 2 is above planar Anlenkbolzen 4

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Pliers leg 3 hinged. The pliers leg 3 is above carrier 5a; 5b connected to the frame 23 of the vehicle. To the forceps leg 2; 3 are toggle 6; 7 hinged. The free end of the arm 6a of the toggle lever 6 and the free end of the arm 7a of the toggle lever 7 is articulated by means of a joint 8a on the forceps leg 3. The free end of the arm 6b of the toggle lever 6 and the free end of the arm 7b of the toggle lever 7 is articulated by means of a joint 3b to the forceps leg 2. With the knee joint 9 of the knee lever 6 and the knee joint 10 of the toggle lever 7, an actuator 11 is connected. This actuator 11 is free floating on the knee joints 9 and suspended. The toggle 6; 7 are, as shown in FIG. 2, arranged in pairs on both sides.

The rail head 12 facing the shorter leg of the pliers 1 engage via jaws 13 on the side surfaces of the rail head.

The actuating device 11 is shown in Fig. 2 in detail. A rod 14 has a blind bore 15 in which a piston 16 is guided axially displaceable. On the outer side of the rod 14, a plate spring assembly 17 is guided, which is supported with its one end to a connected to the rod 14 spring plate 18. The Kol__ben 16 is rigidly connected to a housing 19, the lower end wall 20 is penetrated by the rod 14 and the other spring plate 20 of the plate spring 17 forms.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the pliers are closed by reducing the angle O.sub.C between the toggle levers 6a; 6b and 7a; 7b, wherein the knee joints 9; 10 are moved towards each other and the toggle lever are stretched. This is done by the force of the plate spring 17, since the spring plate 20 with the upper knee joint 9 and the

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Rod 14 sit the lower knee joint 10 is pivotally connected. To open the pliers, hydraulic fluid is injected into the cylinder 15 formed by a blind bore, ie, into the working space of the piston 16, via a pressure medium line 21. The piston 16 moves up in this Pail and takes the spring plate 20 while compressing the spring 17 with up. In this way, the angle oC between the toggle levers 6; 7 again enlarged and the pliers released from the rail.

The carriers 5a; 5b of the pliers leg 3 are height-adjustable connected to the vehicle frame 23 via a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit 22. The leadership of the carrier 5 takes place via slots 24 and pins 25 in such a way that a shift in the rail longitudinal direction ue-, prevents. Furthermore, carrier bodies 26a; 26b provided for the jaws 13. The support body 26a is rigidly connected to the forceps leg 3 and thus also to the carrier 5a. The support body 26b of the second jaw 13 is rigidly connected to the pliers leg 2. This supporting body 26b is surrounded by the carrier 5b, as shown in FIG. 3 on a larger scale, and is guided by this in the rail longitudinal direction, so that the forces acting on the support body 26b in the rail longitudinal direction forces are introduced into the carrier 5b. As a result, the forceps leg 2 and the joint 4 is relieved. The jaws 13 are pivotable about an axis 27 extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail 27 on the support bodies 26a; 26b hinged.

The correct position of the pliers legs can over the limit switch 23 shown in FIG. 2; 29 are determined and displayed in a simple manner. Likewise, the hydrostatic pressure in the hydraulic line 21 can be used for the position indicator. The dimensioning of the disk spring assembly 17 can be made in simple Y / eise so

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that the cup spring pack is largely relieved with closed pliers. The contact pressure remains constant over a wide working range, the adjustment of the spring force by the easy accessibility of the actuator 11 is possible at any time. For example, the spring plate 13 can be screwed onto the rod 14, so that it can be screwed for the purpose of changing the spring tension. Since the actuator 11 only at the knee joints 9; 10, the toggle lever 6; 7 is hung, this actuator can also be solved by the pliers and spent in the workshop.

For example, when cornering, the rail clamp can be completely lifted out of the rail area by the hydraulic cylinder / piston unit .22. For setting and displaying the correct working position of the pliers and the existing slot 24 and pin 25 guide the carrier 5 can be used on the chassis. The carriers 5a; 5b can also be adjusted in a manner not shown in the transverse direction of the rail. The joints 8a and / or 8b are formed as eccentric and adjustable in this Weiae rail transverse direction.

The jaws 13 adapt by their pivoting der'Lage the side surfaces of the rail head 12, wherein the holding forces on the support body 26 of the jaws directly into the carrier 5a; 5b are derived without burdening the pliers legs 2 and 3 or the articulation axis 4.

In Fig. 4 the course of the holding force is applied over the adjustment path of the jaws. The curve 30 is here again the spring characteristic, the spring force is plotted on the right ordinate. On the abscissa, the jaw path is completely out of a theoretical zero position

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registered relaxed spring. Below the abscissa, the spring travel of the spring is plotted in millimeters. The translation, which comes on the jaws to the effect, is composed of the translation of the toggle and the translation of the clamping lever. The resulting overall ratio is shown by the curve 31. From the total lever ratio and the spring characteristic results in the holding force, which is shown by the curve 32. over the working area a, which corresponds to a Gesamtverstellweg the jaw of about 3 ran, the holding force in the Siähe their maximum remains constant, the corresponding holding force is plotted on the left ordinate.

Claims (9)

240623 1 fc - 10 - 60 935 26 AP S 01 B / 240 623 1 Berlin, 1. 10. 82 Inventions claim 1. rail pliers for track-bound vehicles, such. As cranes, spreaders, reclaimers od. Like., "In which the jaws facing away from the jaws by a knee joint acting on at least one toggle spring and spreadable by acting on the knee joint of the toggle cylinder-piston unit against the spring force in the opening direction against each other are movable, characterized in that at least two toggle levers (6; 7) with pairwise opposite inclination of the toggle lever forming arms (6a; 7a and 6b; 7b) are provided, that the free ends of the two toggle lever forming arms by joints ( 8a; 8b) are hingedly connected to the tong limbs (3; 2) and that one end of the spring (17) and the cylinder (15) articulates with the knee joint (10) of the one toggle lever (7a; 7b) and the other one the spring (17) and the piston (16) is pivotally connected to the knee joint (9) of the other toggle lever (6a, 6b). 2. rail pliers according to item 1, characterized in that the cylinder (15) of the hydraulic cylinder-piston unit is formed as a blind hole in the head part of a rod (H), which closer to the knee joint (10) of the jaws (26) Knee lever (7a, 7b) engages, and that the spring (17) to the piston (16) and with the rod (14) connected spring plates (20 and 18) is supported. 3. rail pliers according to item 1 or 2, characterized in that the piston. (1.6) with a substantially cylindrical, the rod (14) and the spring (17) cross 0 6 2 3 1 - 11 - 60 935 26 A? Ξ 01 B / 240 623 Berlin, 1. 10. 82 Housing (30) is rigidly connected, penetrated by the rod (14). End wall is designed as a spring plate (20). 4 * rail pliers according to one of the items 1, 2 or 3), characterized in that the spring (17) of one of the cylindrical housing (30) and enclosed on the rod (14) guided plate spring assembly is formed. 5. rail pliers according to one of the items 1 to 4, characterized in that the cylindrical housing (30) freely suspended from the knee joints (9; 10) of the toggle lever (6a, 6b and 7a, 7b) is suspended. 6. rail pliers according to one of the items 1 to 5 _5, characterized in that a pliers leg (3-) in the height direction and transversely to the rail longitudinal direction adjustable via carrier (5a, 5b) is connected to the frame (23) of the vehicle and a support body (26a ) of the clamping jaws (13) with one carrier (5a) of the clamping jaws (13) rigidly 'connected' and the other with the other pliers leg (2) connected support body (26b) of the jaws (13) on the other support (5b) out is. 7. rail pliers according to one of the items 1 to 6, characterized in that the clamping jaws (13) about an axis parallel to the rail longitudinal direction pivotally mounted on the support bodies (26) are arranged. 8. rail pliers according to one of the items 1 to 7, characterized in that the articulation point of the toggle lever at least one pliers leg adjustable, in particular designed as an eccentric. 240623 1 _ ₁₂ _ _6O93526 AP E 01 B / 240 623 Berlin, 1. 10. 82 9, rail pliers according to one of the items 1 to 8, characterized in that the spring (17) is dimensioned and the toggle levers (6a; 6b and 7a; 7b) are so averaged that the joints (Sa; Sb) of the pliers legs ( 2, 3) spreading force remains largely constant over the entire working range, regardless of the wear of the jaws. For this 2 pages drawings