CZ2019442A3 - Device for aeration of the windrow in a closed reactor, especially in aerobic fermentation - Google Patents

Abstract

The device for aerating the plug in a closed reactor consists in that at least one channel (2) connected to a source of compressed air is formed in the floor (1) of the closed reactor between the opposite walls of the reactor. The channel (2) is covered by plates (3), which form a system of slots (5, 8) connecting the inner space of the channel (2) with the inner space of the reactor. The plates (3) are provided on the lower side with bearing projections (10) which abut on the horizontal loading surfaces (6) of the extension (4) formed in the floor (1) at both upper edges of the channel (2) and having a height corresponding to the plate thickness (3). The system of slots (5,8) comprises on the one hand a pair of longitudinal slots (5) defined by the sides of the plates (3) and the sides (7) of the extension (4) of the upper part of the channel (2) and on the other hand slots (8) between horizontal loading surfaces (6) (4) and the ends of the partitions (11) arranged between the bearing projections (10) of the plates (3). The required width of the longitudinal slots (5) in the extension (4) is provided by spacers (9) arranged on the sides of the plates (3). The plates (3) are provided on the underside with ribs (12), which form passive control partitions (14) for the passage of air through the duct (2). The duct (2) has a bottom which is inclined in the direction upstream of the supply air.

Description

Equipment for aeration of the bed in a closed reactor, especially in aerobic fermentation

Field of technology

The invention relates to the field of aeration of feedstocks, in particular to a device for aeration of feedstocks in closed reactors intended in particular for aerobic fermentation.

Prior art

Devices are known which, during aerobic fermentation, periodically or continuously dig up or relocate the bed, whereby it is ventilated. Devices are known from CZ 1377 U1, CZ 10945 U1, CZ 10966 U1, CZ 13362 U1, in which aerobic fermentation is carried out in open troughs, the aeration of the bed occurring during its transfer from the bottom layer upwards. The disadvantage of these known devices is that the amount of air that comes into contact with the fermentate formed is indefinable and cannot be regulated in any way. This is not suitable for the fermentation process, as undesired temperature fluctuations occur.

ZCZ 14981 U1 are known devices for aerobic fermentation, in which the bed is placed in closed reactors and for its aeration vertical pipes opening into the bed and connected by upper ends to fans are used. Compressed air exits the lower end of the pipes into the liner. The disadvantage of these known devices is the uneven aeration with respect to the irregular displacement of the vertical tubes with increasing loading.

Solutions of closed reactors for aerobic fermentation are also known, in which nozzles for air supply are fixedly installed in the floor, or the floor shapes of the concrete foundation with cover plates made of coniferous lumber or plasticized wood are fixedly solved. The disadvantage of these known solutions is the impossibility of variable resizing and distribution of vents during standard operation, often clogged nozzles and the necessary servicing of clogged spaces between the concrete floor and slabs. This is compounded by the susceptibility of the plates to twisting due to changes in temperature conditions during fermentation.

The essence of the invention

Said drawbacks are substantially eliminated by the device for aerating the bed in a closed reactor, in particular in aerobic fermentation, according to the invention, the essence of which is that at least one channel connected to the compressed air source is formed in the floor of the closed reactor between the reactor walls. it is covered by plates which form a system of slots in the channel connecting the interior of the channel to the interior of the reactor, the plates being provided on the underside with receiving projections which abut the horizontal loading surfaces of the extensions formed in the floor at both upper edges of the channel.

To ensure a level floor, the channel extension has a height corresponding to the thickness of the boards.

The system of slots comprises a pair of longitudinal slots defined by the sides of the plates and the sides of the extension of the upper part of the channel and further comprises slots between the horizontal loading surfaces of the extension and the ends of the partitions arranged between the plate protrusions.

The plates are provided on the sides with delimiters for the position of the plates in the extension of the channel, whereby the required width of the longitudinal slots is determined.

In the area of the upper edge, the extension is provided with a U profile made of stainless steel.

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The plates are provided with ribs on the underside, which form passive control partitions for the passage of air through the duct.

For the discharge of process waste water, the duct has a bottom which is inclined in the direction upstream of the supply air.

The device according to the invention makes it possible to vary the aeration slots in the plate both in location and in their cross-sectional size on the basis of ventilation calculations or measured pressure and amount of blown air depending on the permeability of the bed during the fermentation process and air discharge to the biofilter and its functional permeability. Aeration of the bed does not depend on its displacement, the intensity of fermentation can be controlled by controlled aeration, as there is no uncontrolled cooling of the formed fermentate and thus slowing down the fermentation process. The advantage of the device according to the invention is also the structural simplicity and easy replacement of any of the plates and the possibility of adjusting the size of the slots by milling. The design of the plastic plates is resistant to the chemical aggression of the processed substrate, air and thermal changes. The air supply duct tends towards the air inlet and thus serves to drain the process waste water.

Explanation of drawings

Giant. 1 - part of the reactor floor and gutters partly covered with plates;

Fig. 2 - channel in partial cross section; and Fig. 3 - the edge of the plate on the loading surface of the channel in an oblique view.

Examples of embodiments of the invention

The device for aerating the bed in a closed reactor, used in particular for the aerobic fermentation of the bed, has in the floor 1 of the closed reactor a channel 2 connected between the opposite walls of the reactor connected to a source of compressed air. There can be a larger number of channels according to specific needs. The channel 2 is covered by plates 3, which in it form a system of slots 5, 8 connecting the inner space of the channel 2 with the inner space of the reactor. This ensures that the backing is ventilated. The plates 3 are provided on the underside with receiving projections 10, which abut on the horizontal loading surfaces 6 of the extension 4 formed in the floor 1 at both upper edges of the channel 2.

The extension 4 of the channel 2 has a height corresponding to the thickness of the plates 3, whereby the plates 3, when placed in the extension 4, are flush with the upper surface of the floor 1. The plates 3 have three functions in the device, namely: covering the channel 2, thus protecting it from backfilling. ; connect the inner space of the channel 2 with the inner space of the reactor, thus allowing the venting of the bed; and are travelable for a loader or digger.

The system of slots 5, 8 comprises a pair of longitudinal slots 5, which are defined by the sides of the plates 3 and the sides 7 of the extension 4 of the upper part of the channel 2, and slots 8 formed between the horizontal loading surfaces 6 of the extension 4 and partitions 11 arranged between the bearing projections 10 of the plates. To define the position of the plates 3 in the channel 2, the plates 3 are provided on their sides with spacers 9. This ensures the required width of the longitudinal slots 5.

In the area of the upper edge, the extension 4 is provided with an L-profile 13 made of stainless steel, which ensures durability in an aggressive installation environment and mechanical protection of the upper edge of the extension 4.

The plates 3 are provided on the underside with ribs 12, which form passive control partitions 14 for the passage of air through the duct 2.

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The bottom of the duct 2 is inclined in the direction against the flow of the supplied air, thus ensuring the drainage of process waste water.

After passing through the backfill, the air is discharged by a exhaust fan outside the reactor to the biofilter.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The device according to the invention is intended primarily for aerating the bed in closed reactors during aerobic fermentation. In general, however, it can be used wherever it is necessary to allow air, generally gas, to pass through the bulk material. E.g. during drying or chemical reactions of gases with bulk materials.

Claims (8)

PATENT CLAIMS Device for aerating a bed in a closed reactor, in particular in aerobic fermentation, characterized in that at least one duct (2) connected to a source of compressed air is formed in the floor (1) of the closed reactor between opposite walls of the reactor, the duct (2) is covered by plates (3) which form in the channel (2) a system of slots (5, 8) connecting the inner space of the channel (2) with the inner space of the reactor, the plates (3) being provided on the lower side with receiving projections (10) which abut the horizontal loading surfaces (6) of the extension (4) formed in the floor (1) at both upper edges of the channel (2). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the extension (4) of the channel (2) has a height corresponding to the thickness of the plates (3). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the system of slots (5, 8) comprises a pair of longitudinal slots (5) defined by the sides of the plates (3) and the sides (7) of the extension (4) of the upper part of the channel (2) and further comprising slots (8) between the horizontal loading surfaces (6) of the extension (4) and the ends of the partitions (11) arranged between the receiving projections (10) of the plates (3). Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the plates (3) are provided on the sides with delimiters (9) for the position of the plates (3) in the extension (4) of the channel (2), whereby the required width of the longitudinal slots (5) is determined. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the region of the upper edge the extension (4) is provided with an L profile (13) made of stainless steel. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the plates (3) are provided on the underside with ribs (12) which form passive control partitions (14) for the passage of air through the duct (2). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct (2) has a bottom which is inclined in the direction upstream of the supply air. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the plates (3) are made of plastic.