CZ2003953A3 - Mixture for producing building elements and process for producing the building elements - Google Patents

Abstract

A mixture for the production of construction elements made of 750g-1250g cement, 750g -1250g dewatered pulp made from crushed and moistened paper and/or paperboard and/or cardboard and/or cellulose and/or plant material and 250-750g plaster. Said mixture contains 15-75 % by mass synthetic material and up to 15g colourants. The products from the mixture for the production of said construction elements are produced in such a way that the crushed moistened paper and/or paperboard and/or cardboard and/or cellulose and/or plant material is mixed to form a pulp which is dewatered and which is mixed with the cement and plaster, whereupon synthetic material is mixed and the pulp is then pressed in a mould at a pressure of 1.5-30 Mpa and left to mature in the air. The crushed moistened paper and/or paperboard and/or cardboard and/or cellulose and/or plant material is mixed to form pulp which is dewatered and mixed with the cement and plaster, whereupon synthetic material is added, the colourant is added and the pulp is then pressed in a mould at a pressure of 1.5-30 Mpa and left to mature in air. The crushed moistened paper and/or paperboard and/or cardboard and/or cellulose and/or plant material is mixed to form pulp which is dewatered and mixed with the cement and plaster, whereupon synthetic material and the colourant are added, the pulp is then pressed in a mould at a pressure of 1.5-30 Mpa and left to mature in air. The matured products are surface treated.

Description

Mixture for production of building elements and process for their production

Technical field

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a composition for the manufacture of building components and to a process for the manufacture thereof. It is the use of waste material, ie paper, cardboard, cardboard and pulp for cheap production of building elements and building materials and ecological disposal-recovery of plastic waste materials.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

At present there are known solutions concerning mixture and method of production of building elements and building materials such as CZ PV 1994-2825 Ecologically stabilized product on the basis of waste ash, CZ PV 1995-1971 Method of production of building materials, building components and panel from fibrous cement filler, CZ PV 1996-1786 Structural elements for building industry and method of their production, CZ PV 1996-5453 Compound for production of structural elements for building industry, CZ PV 1997-3003 Insulating mortar and method of its production, CZ PV 1999-726 Building material and more . Also known is US Patent No. 5,350,451 relating to a building material made of waste paper and a process for its manufacture. These are products with cement. The compositions do not contain gypsum-based binder. Also known is DE 36 11 080 C1 relating to components and a process for their manufacture, as well as a method for producing mixtures for repairing part of buildings and wooden parts, which uses molded cardboard or asbestos cement to produce paper mixed with marl and water. water and dried. Components may contain cement, cement, sawdust, shavings, etc. in addition to saliva. However, this is not a mere combination of paper, cement and gypsum. Also known is the patent ES 2083312 relating to a process for the production of components. These are various homogenized materials, including paper, protected from attack by alkaline or acidic components. Addition of cement, limestone, gypsum and gypsum mortar ensures the rigidity of the parts. The parts are made by molding or using an extruder and subsequent cutting. These are not pressed products based on ground moistened and subsequently dewatered paper, cement and gypsum.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The aforementioned drawbacks are largely eliminated by the building material composition according to the invention, which consists of a cement in the range of 750 to 1250 g, a dehydrated slurry of comminuted moistened paper and / or cardboard and / or cardboard and / or pulp and / or vegetable matter in the range of 750 to 1250 g and gypsum in the range of 250 to 750 g. The mixture contains plastic crumb in an amount of 15 to 75%. The mixture contains dyes up to 15g.

The method for producing the building elements consists in mixing the comminuted moistened paper and / or cardboard and / or cardboard and / or pulp and / or plant matter on a slurry, which is mixed with cement and gypsum, then pressed in the mold 1, 5 to 30 MPa and subsequently subjected to air maturation.

The method for producing the building elements also consists in mixing the comminuted moistened paper and / or cardboard and / or cardboard and / or pulp and / or plant matter into

• · · ···

-2 mash, which is dewatered and mixed with cement and gypsum, then the plastic pulp is mixed, then pressed in the mold at a pressure of 1.5 to 30 MPa and then subjected to air maturation

The method of making the building elements also comprises mixing the ground moistened paper and / or cardboard and / or cardboard and / or pulp and / or plant matter on a slurry which is dewatered and mixed with cement and gypsum, then mixing the dye, it is subsequently pressed in the mold at a pressure of 1.5 to 30 MPa and subsequently subjected to air maturation.

The method of making the building elements also consists in blending the comminuted moistened paper and / or cardboard and / or cardboard and / or pulp and / or plant matter on a slurry which is dewatered and mixed with cement and gypsum, then mixing the plastic pulp and paint, then pressed in a mold at a pressure of 1.5 to 30 MPa and then subjected to air maturation.

The method of manufacturing the building elements also consists in the surface treatment of the matured products.

The advantages of the composition for the production of the building elements according to the invention are primarily that it uses waste materials, the products are light, the manufacture is inexpensive and the products themselves are much cheaper than the existing products. The products of the composition according to the invention are useful as a substitute for concrete materials, clay materials, ceramic materials, drywall, as noise, thermal and fire insulation and the like not only in the building industry. The products are able to absorb ambient moisture. Products perpendicular to the pressing direction have high strength. Surface treated products can be used as cladding boards, roofing, tiles, lintels, lintels, etc. Products are resistant to aggressive environments. Matured products are very heat resistant. The products can be cut, milled, drilled and otherwise mechanically treated.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The building material composition according to the invention consists of cement in the range of 750 to 1250 g, a dewatered slurry of comminuted moistened paper and / or cardboard and / or cardboard and / or pulp and / or vegetable matter in the range of 750 to 1250 g and gypsum in the range of 250 up to 750 g.

The composition comprises plastic crushed material such as crushed PET bottles, polystyrene and the like in an amount of 15 to 75%. The amount depends on the fineness of the comminuted or mixed paper. The mixture contains dyes up to 15 g.

The composition of the invention is made of paper as the main building block of the mass. However, it may be made from fine fibers of vegetable origin, felted, glued and dried into a rigid layer, rolled or smoothed, made predominantly of finely crushed wood. The quality and use of paper and the raw material and processing used are irrelevant. Pure cellulose paper such as filter, photographic and graphic paper, newspaper and wrapping paper, cardboard and paperboard, paper containing fillers and plastic admixtures may be used. • · · · ♦ · ······ ··· * · · · · • · »» »» »» »» »» »»

- Material, textile fibers, felt, binders based on resins, latex, glue, etc. The mixture may contain dyes and other additives of used paper.

Paper, cardboard, cardboard, etc. is ground. Subsequently, they are soaked in water. It can not be measured and subsequently crushed. It is then mixed into a slurry. The slurry is then drained, for example, onto a grid. The dewatered slurry is then mixed with cement, gypsum and, if necessary, water. Depending on the composition of the raw materials used for the production, different types of cement can be used, Portland cement, burnt from a mixture of limestone, marl, clay and slate with gypsum; Portland slag from Portland saliva and granulated alkaline blast furnace slag with gypsum addition, as well as mixed and specialty cements such as asbestos, pozzolanic, ash, dam, road, blast furnace, sulphate-free, trace, colored and other inorganic binders, eg Sorel cement, dental cement, etc. Instead of gypsum, ie powder binder resulting from dehydration of gypsum CaSO2UHgO. optionally, waste calcium sulfate (gypsum) from the chemical industry may be used. The smoothness of the surface varies according to the degree of comminution or mixing. The finer and wetter the mixture before pressing, the smoother the surface.

Plastic pulp is added to the mass and mixed with it. The mass is filled into molds and pressed by pressure

1.5 to 30 MPa. The mold for molding may advantageously be provided with drainage grooves to accelerate the removal of water during the molding process and at the same time to provide locks for joining the individual products. Then the products are subjected to air maturation, i.e. they are dried and solidification and hardening occur. The maturation time is about 7 to 30 days depending on the moisture content of the mixture itself before pressing, ambient humidity and temperature. The matured finished products are cold and hot finished. Finished products are used for construction purposes. In order to provide a more detailed explanation of the manufacture of the compositions for the production of building components and the production of building components according to the invention, the following exemplary embodiments are given here;

Example no

The mixture consists of 1000 g of cement, 100 g of ground, wetted, mixed and subsequently dewatered paper and 500 g of gypsum. The mass is filled into a mold for conventional bricks and pressed at a pressure of 3 MPa. Subsequently, the brick is aged in air. The standardized brick made from the mixture according to the technical solution has a weight of about 1 kg. Instead of mortar, an adhesive such as a dispersion adhesive can be used to masonry these bricks.

Example 2

The mixture consists of 1000 g of cement, 1000 g of ground, wetted, mixed and subsequently dewatered cardboard and paper and 500 g of gypsum. 250 g of polystyrene crumb and 10 g of red water-soluble dye are added to the mixture. The mass is filled into a mold for conventional bricks and pressed at a pressure of 3 MPa. Subsequently, the brick undergoes maturation in air naturally.

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-4Example no.3

The composition consists of the composition of Example 1. The mass is filled into a mold for the production of boards. It is then pressed at 10 MPa. Subsequently, the plate is subjected to aging in air. Matured boards can be surface treated by spraying, hot application of plastics, glaze, brick pulp, ceramic pulp, etc. The boards can be treated mechanically, eg by cutting, drilling, etc.

Claims (7)

PATENT CLAIMS Mixture for the production of building elements, characterized in that it consists of cement in the range of 750 to 1250 g, a dewatered slurry of comminuted moistened paper and / or cardboard and / or cardboard and / or pulp and / or vegetable matter in the range of 750 to 1250 g 1250 g and gypsum in the range of 250 to 750 g. A composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains plastic pulp in an amount of 15 to 75%. Mixture according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it contains dyes in an amount of up to 15g. Method for producing articles from the building element composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the comminuted moistened paper and / or cardboard and / or the cardboard and / or the pulp and / or the plant mass is mixed in a slurry which is dewatered and mixed with cement and gypsum, then pressed in the mold at a pressure of 1.5 to 30 MPa and subsequently subjected to air maturation. Method for producing articles from a building material mixture according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the comminuted moistened paper and / or paperboard and / or the cardboard and / or the pulp and / or the plant material are mixed on a slurry which is dewatered and mixed with cement and gypsum, the plastic pulp is mixed in, then compressed in a mold at a pressure of 1.5 to 30 MPa and then subjected to air maturation. Method for producing articles from a building material mixture according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the comminuted moistened paper and / or cardboard and / or the cardboard and / or the pulp and / or the plant mass is mixed on a slurry which is dewatered and mixed with cement and gypsum, the dye is mixed in, then compressed in the mold at a pressure of 1.5 to 30 MPa and then subjected to air maturation. A method for producing articles of a building material composition according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the comminuted wetted paper and / or cardboard and / or the cardboard and / or the pulp and / or the plant mass is mixed on a slurry which is dewatered and mixed with cement and gypsum, the plastic pulp and paint are mixed in, then compressed in the mold at a pressure of 1.5 to 30 MPa and then subjected to air maturation. Method for producing articles from a building material mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the matured articles are surface-treated.