I ' ΟΠΗΟΑΗΗΕ H30BPETEHHH K ABTOPCKOMY CBímETEUBCTBY3anBπβΗο: 06.09.833aaBKa » 3638551/29-28MKH4 B 25 D 9/19
Abtopw: B.TI.BanaHAHH, W.H.KonraH, H.A ,ΙΙροχοροΒ, ΚΙ.Π.ΓβΗβΗκο
3aflBHTem>; Bcecoio3Hbiň HaynHo—HCCJieAOBaTenbCKHií η προβκτκο—KOHCTpyKTopčKHflHHCTHTyT MexaHHsupoBaHHoró h pynHoro cTpoHTeJibHo-MOHTajKHoroHHCTpyweHTa, Bn6paTopoB h οτροΗτβπϊ,Ηο-οτΑβηοΗΗΜΧ MamHH
Ha3BaHHe Η3ο6ρβτβΗΗΒ: ΚΟΜΠΡΕΟΗΟΗΗΟ-ΒΑΚΥΥΜΗΑΗ MAJUHHA ΥΠΑΡΗΟΓΟ flEftCTBHH Η3θθρβΤβΗΚβ OTHOCHTCH K MaiDHHOCTpoeHIW, a B HaCTHOCTH, K KOMnpeCCHQHHO—·
BaxyyMHbW μππμηημ yflapHoro neňcTBHB, HanpHMep 3ΑβκτροΜθποτκβΜ η πβρφορβτο-paM, ΠρΗΜβΗΗβΜΗΜ B CTpoHTeAfeCTBe, MaiHHHOCTpoeHHH Η ΑΡΥΓΗΧ OOJiaCTHX ΠΡΟΜΜΙΠ-JieHHOCTH AJIH 06pa3OBaHHH OTBepCTHň B ropHbK nopooax, CTpOHTenbHbK ΜβΤβρΗβ-Jiax, a Taxwe hx paapyineHHH.
Uejib H3o6peTeHHH - pacinHpeHHe AHana3OHa peryjiHpoBaHHH 3HeprHH yftapa wa- IUHHbl.
Ha φΗτ.1 npeflcTaBBeHa KOMnpeccHoHHo—BaxyyMHaH MatuHHa yAapHoro abíícťbhh,npoflonbHbiň pa3pe3, c BpamatomeňcH γηπβ3οΑ, rpe. 1 - paccTOHHne ot KOMtieHcauHnoHHbix oTpepcTMft po Topná ynapHHKa; Ha Φηγ,2 - coBMeiqeHHMft τρβφΗΚ nepeMemeHHňnopmHH Sn h yqapHHxa S^, noHCHHioiuHň πρηηαηπ ρβδοτΜ MauiHHbí c perynHpyeMoft3neprneň ynapa, rne - TpáeKTopHH nepeMemenHH ynapHHKa npH MaxcHMaJibHoň 3Heprnn ynapa, Korfla BOSAyornaa noAymxa η βΤΜοοφβρβ cooCnjeHbí oahhm H3 phaob,pacnonosceHHbix b bjiockocth, nepneHAHRynapHoft och cTBona, KOMneHcanHOHHbix ot-BepcřHň; Sn - τρββκτορΗΗ nepeMetneHHH ynapHHKa πρκ otkpmtom ηοηοΠΗΗτβηΒΗΟΜKOMneHcanHOHHoM oTBepcTHH, pacnojiosceHHOM b oAHoft ruiocKocTH, nepneHAHxyjiHp-HOÍÍ OCH CTBOJia, C OCHOBHblM KOMneHCaUHOHHblM OTBepCTHBM; S3^ - τρββκτορΗπ ne-peMeqeHHH ynapHHKa πρκ otkpmtom ΑοηοπΗΗΤβΠΒΗΟΜ KOMneHcanHOHHoM OTBepcTHH,CMemeHHOM no OCH CTBOJia OTHOCHTeJlbHO OCHOBHOrO KOMneHCanHOHHOFO OTBepCTHH BcropoHy ynapHHKa; S}^a - TpaexTopHa nepeMemeHHH ynapHHKa npH otkpmtom αοποπ- 263462 . ' 2 HHTejIbHOM OTBepCTHH, CMeiUeHHOM ΠΟ OCH CTBOJla OTHOCHTeJlbHO ΟΟΗΟΒΗΟΓΟ ΚΟΜΠβΗ“canHOHHoro otbgpcthh b cropoHy noptoHHj 1 - paccToHHHe ot ochobhofo KOMnenca-UHoHHoro oTsepcTHH no Topná ynapHHKa npn HaxowfleHHH ero b HimeM pagoneM no- B ΜΟΜβΗΤ KaCflHHH C paGoHHM HHCTPyMeHTOM; 14 - paCCTOBHHe OT flOnOJIHH-τθπβηογο KOMneHcanHOHHoro oTBepcTHH, CMeiueHHo: . no och cTBona OTHOCHTeJlbHOOCHOBHOTO KOMneHcanHOHHoro OTBepcTHH B CTOpOHy ynapHHKa, Ho TOPHa ynapHHKa,ΠΡΗΗβΜ 1; ;13 - paCCTOHHHe OT flOnOJIHHTeJlbHOro KOMneHcanHOHHoro OTBepcTHH, CMemeHHoro no OCH CTBOJla OTHOCHTeJlbHO OCHOBHOTO KOMneHcanHOHHoro OTBepcTHHb CTopony nopniHH, HO Topná ynapHHKa, πρΗΗβΜ 1,>1; ml - τοηκβ TpaeKTopHHS3A2, B κοτοροή ynapHHK nepeKpbreaeT KOMneHcanHoHHoe oTBepcTHe, pacnoJioweH-Hoe Ha paccToHHHH 14; m2 - τοηκβ TpaeKTopHH S3Aa, b κοτοροίί ynapHHK bckpm-BaeT KOMneHcanHoHHoe oTBepcTHe, pacnojiowemioe Ha paccTOHHHH 14; m3, m5 -tohkh TpaeKTopHH sn, b KOTopbix nopmeHb BCKpbiaaeT KOMneHcauHOHHoe oTBepcTHe,pacnonoweHHoe Ha paccToHHHH 13; m4 - τοηκβ TpaeKTopHH Stt, b κοτοροΛ nopmeHb3aKpMBaeT KOMneHcanHoHHoe OTBepcTHe, pacnojioateHHoe Ha paccToHHHH 13J t2 -speMH, b TeneHHe κοτορογο ynapHHK, nepeMeinaHCb no TpaeKTopHH δΪΑ4, πβρβκρω*BaeT KOMneHcanHoHHoe OTBepcTHe, pacnonoweHHoe Ha paccToHHHH 12; t3 t3BpeMH, b TeueHHe κοτορογο nopmeHb πρη cBoeM nepeMemeHHH nepeKpbreaeT κοΜπβκ-canHOHHoe oTBepcTHe, pacnoJioweHHoe na paccToHHHH 13 ; oó - yron noBopora κρκ-Bonmna npHBona; Ha Φηγ.3 - pa3pe3 A-A Ha Φηγ.Ι, no nnocKocTH pacnonoweHHHKOMneHcanHOHHbK oTBepcTHň c BpámammeňeH rioib3oň h oTKpbtTbiM ochobhmm κοΜπβΗ*canHOHHbíM oTBepcTHeMj Ha Φηγ,4 - το ace, no bjiockocth pacnonoaceHHH KOMneHca-nHOHHbK OTBepCTHň C BpamaromeiiCH ΓΗΠΗ3θή npH OTKpbITbK HByX KOMneHcanHOHHbKOTsepcTHHx; Ha φκτ.5 - το »e, no nnocKocTH pacnojioaceHHH KOMneHcanHOHHbK οτ- *BepcTHň npH HenoHBHMHoň rnnhae h BpamawmeMCH cTBone; Ha Φηγ,6 - το me, nonnocKocTH pacnonoweHHH KOMneHcanHOHHbK oTBepcTHň npH BpamawmeMCH cTBojie,BbmojiHeHHoťt 3aoflHo c KopnycoMj Ha Φηγ.7 - bhh B Ha Φηγ.3, Ha ctboji c KOMneH-canHoHHbíMH oTBepcthhmh, pacnonoweHHbíMH é oHHoťí nnocKocTH, nepneHHHKyJiHpHoňoch cTBona, h FHnb3y, HMewmyio kocoíí nas hjih περβκρΜΤΗΗ aanaHHoro HHCJia yKa-3aHHbK oTBepcTHň πρη oceBOM nepeMemeHHH. γηπββη} Ha Φηγ.8 - bhh B hs Φηγ.4,
Ha CTBOJl C KOMneHCanHOHHbWH OTBepCTHHMH, pacnOJIOHteHHblMH b ohhoíí hhockocth,nepneHHUKyjiHPHoň och ctbojis, h rHJib3y, HMeromyio p«n OTBepcTHň c yBejiHHHBaio-ihhmch pa3MepoM b npononbHOM oTHoCHTenbHo och CTBOJla HanpaBJíeHHH, hjih nepe-κρωτΗΗ 3anaHHoro MHCJia KOMneHcanHOHHbK OTBepcTHň npH oceeoM nepeMemeHHHΓΙΛΠΒ3Μ,
KoMneHcanHoHHo~BaKyyMHaH MamHHa ynapHoro neňcTBHH coflepatHT Kopnyc 1(Φηγ.Ι), paaMemeHHbie b hěm npHBofl 2, paGonHň HHCTpyMeHT 3, ctboji 4, b koTo-Pom ycTaHoBjíenbi cBH3aHHbiň c npHsonoM 2 nopmeHb 5 h ynapHMK 6, Ha kotopmxHMewTCH ynJiOTHeHHH 7 h 8 cooTBeTCTBeHHo, ynapHHK 6 cbhssh c nopmHeM 5 c no-MOHlblO BO3flyinHoň nonyiUKH 9 H nepHOHHHeCKH, B TaKT flBHKeHHHM ΠΟρίΠΗΗ 5, Β33ΗΜΟ-neňcTByeT c paGonHM HHCTpyMeHTOM 3. B cTBoJie 4 b 3OHe paGowero Topná 10nopmHB 5 πρη ero noJiomeHHH b HHjRHeň ΜβρτΒοϋ τοηκβ BbmoJiHeHH KOMneHcanHOHHbieOTBepcTHH 11, 12, 13, 14, κοτορκβ pacnoJiomeHbí b onuoň ohockocth, nepneHnHKy-. JiHpHoň och cTBoJia 4. B ctbojw 4 BwnoJiHeHo Tanuté npyroe KOMneHcanHoHHoe OT-BepcTHe 15, pacnoJioweHHoe b 3OHe BoanymHoň nonymKH 9 HenocpencTBeHHo HanTopnoM 16 ynapHHKa 6 HaxonamBMCH b KpaňneM paGoneM noJiomeHHH, Korná oh kŠ-caeTca paGonero HHCTpyMeHTa 3. B soHe pacnoJioweHHH KOMneHcanHOHHbK OTBepcTHň11, 1.2, 13, 14 pa3MemeHa oxBaTbrearamaH ctboji rmibsa. 17, HMeroman OTBepcTHH 18,19, 20, 21 (Φηγ.3). B rHJibae 17 BbinoJiHeH nas 22 (Φηγ.Ι), BaaHMoneňcTBywmHííc 9KcneHTpHKoBbíM pbwaroM 23 pyuKH 24, ycTaHoBJíeHHoň b Kopnyce 1. B cjiynaeBbBlOJlHeHHH rHJ1b3bl 1 7 HenonBHDKHoft OTHOCHTeJlbHO KOpnyca 1 (φΗΓ.5) B CTBOJie 4,c nejibio oGecneneHHH ero BpameHHH BOKpyr coGcTBeHHoň och, BbmoJiHeH naa 25, 263462 3 B3aHMoneňcTByjoinnň c 3Κοιη?ητρηκοβμμ pbwaroM 23 pyuxa 24. Πρη BbmonHeHHH rnnb-3bi 17 aaoflHo c.KopnycoM 1 (Φηγ,6), b nocnepHeM BbmonHeHbí naabi 26, 27 , 28, 29 aHanorrwHbie no pasMepan to pacnonoweHrao oTBepcTHHM 18 (Αηγ.3), 19, 20, 21 ,b rwibae 17. B tom cnyuae, ecjin nepexpuTHe KOMneHcaaHoHHbix oTBepcTHň 11(Φηγ.7), 12, 13, 14 ocymecTBJíHeTCH oceBbm nepeMemeHHeM γηπβ3Η 17, b nocnep-Heň ΗΜβετοΗ λπη θτογο KonbaeBan προτοΜκβ 30, BaaHMopeňcTByiomaH c 3KcueHTpH-KOBbw pbwaroM 23, κ Kocoň nas 31, ηπη pap oTBepcraft 32 (Φηγ.8), 33, 34, 35c nocnenoBaTejibHo yBenHHHBaromHMCH pa3MepoM b npoponbHoM oTHocHTenbHo ocncTBona 4 HanpaBJíeHHH.
KoMnpeccHoHHo-BaKyyMHafl MauiHHa ypapHoro peňcTBHH paBoTaeT cnepywmHM οΟ·*Ρ33ΟΜ. B hcxophom nonojKGHHH ypapHoň ManiHHbí BO3pyniHaH nopyinKa 9 (Φηγ.3) cooSntaeT-cm c βτΜοοφεροή nepea opHo KoMneHcánnoHHoe οτΒβροτκβ 11 b cTBoné 4, a τβκχβoTBepcTHe J8 b rnnb3e 17. flnn π pěno tb pante h hh H3Hoca ynnoTHeHHň 7 (Φηγ.11) h 8 yaapHHKa 6 η πορπιηη5 flwaMeTp yKa3aHHoro KOMneHcannoHHoro OTBepcTHH 11 penaeTcn κβκ mohcho MeHb-tne. fljiH noJiyaeHHH CTa6nrtbHoCTH pa6oTbi ypapHofi MamHHbí πρκ H3MeHeHHH BemwHHbíoTCKoica yaapHHKa 6 οτ paConero HHCTpyMeHTa 3 bo BpeMB pa6oTbi c MaTepnanaMHpa3JTHMHoň npoMHOCTH, yxaBaHHoe KoMneHcaiy»HHoe OTBepcTHe 11 ΒΜΠοπΗΗβτο» noBO3MOJKHOCTH panbine οτ Topná 16 ypapHHKa 6. yKa3aH«oe paccTOHHHe 1 (Φηγ.1) οτ KOMneHcaaHoHHoro otbspcthh 11 po Topaa16 ypapHHKa 6 oKonaaTeabno Bbi6HpaeTCjj H3 pacnera nonyHeiiHH waKCHManbHoňaHeprHH ypapa. Ha πρβκτκκβKOMnencaaHOHHOe OTBepcTHe 11 pacnonaraeTcn b 3OHeTopya 10 nopmHH 5 πρη ero HaxojxaeHHH b Hrnnefl MepTBoft τοηκβ. B 3Tom cnynae πρκ oOpaTHOM xope nopniHH 5 b BO3pymHoň nopyniKe 9 oCpaayeT-ca aoCTSToano rayOoKHft BaxyyM, hto6w noaHHTb yaapHHK 6 Ha MaKCHMa/π,Ηο bo3-MOMcnyio BbicoTy. Πρη πρημομ xoae nopmHH 5 Meacay hhm h ypapHHKOM 6 o6pa3yeTCHpocTaTOMHo BbicoKoe aasnentie, htoSm pa3omaTb yaapHHK 6 b HanpaBneHHH pa6ose-ro HHCTpyMGHTa 3, oCecneaHBaa npH stom BbicóKyio CKopocTb coypapeHHH nocnep-hhx (KpHBaa S,A Ha Φηγ.2).
KoMneHcaanoHHoe OTBepcTHe 15, pacnonoweHHoe HenocpeacTBeHHo y Topaa 16yaapHHKa 6 (Φηγ. 1), Mano BanaeT Ha pa6oTy MamHHbí b ypapHOM pemHMe, τβκ ΚβκBpeMfl, b τβηβΗΗβ κοτοροτο qho coo6maeT BO3aynmy» nopyniKy 9 c βΤΜοοφβροϋ,oaeHb Mano h cnyxtHT pjw o6ecneneHHH HapemHoro nepexopa MamHHbí c 6e3ypapHoropewHMa xonocToro xopa na pa6oMnň ypapHbiň ροκημ. Πρη ποΒοροτβ rHnb3bi 17 (Φηγ.3) H3 ηοχορηογο ποηοκβΗΗΗ na yron, πρκ koto-POm BčKpbiBaeTcji ponoHHHTenbHoe KOMneHcaaHoHHoe OTBepcTHe 12 (Φηγ.4), pacno-fnojfteHHoe b nnocKocTH, nepnéHanKynapHoft och CTBona 4 Ha paccTounne 1 οτ τορ-aa 16 yaapHHKa 6, Boanytman nopyiiiKa 9 coo6maeTčH c βΤΜοεφεροή pByMH KOMneH-canHOHHbíMH oTBepcTHHMH 11 to 12. B 3tom cnynae BaKyyM, oCpásyiomuftcH ηρκ 06-paTHoM xoae nopmHH 5, MeHee rny6oKHft, h yaapHHK 6 (φπτ.1) nopHHMaeTCH hsHcxoaHoro ποηοκβΗΗΗ Ha MeHbmyro BbicoTy, CHHxaa réM csmKm nyTb pa3roHa yaapHH-Ka 6 npH npHMOM xope nopmHH 5 Ha ynap. B stom cnynae o6ecneHHBaeTCH CHHxeHHeaHeprHH yaapa Ha BenHHHHy, onpeaenaeMyw KpyTH3Hoň TpaeKTopHH nepeMemeHHMyaapHHKa (Φηγ.2). Πρη τβκοΜ pacnonoxeHHH aononHHTenbHoro KOMneHcannoHHoro otBepcTHH 12(Φηγ,1) aocTHraeTCH Han6onee rny6oKoe cHH»eHHe aHeprHH yaapa ypapHHKa 6.Jlto6oe ppyroe pacnonoseHHe pononHHTenbHoro KOMneHcanHOHHoro οτββρετΗΜ 12 npH·*βορητ κ MGHee peaKOMy naaeHHJo aHeprHH ypapa. Ecph pononHHTenbHoei KOMneiacaaH-oHHoe oTBepcTHe pacnonoateHo Ha paccToflHHH la οτ roppa 16 ypapHinca 6 (φΜΓ.1)ΜβΗΒΐηβΜ,ΗβΜ 1 noptew yaapHHKa 6 nop peftcTBHeM BaKyyMa b BO3pyiBHott nopyímse 9conpoBoatpaeTCH nepeKpbiTHeM pononHHTenbHoro KOMneHcayHOHHoro oTBepCTHH b ml 263462 - 4 - (φΗΓ.2) Η Β 3ΟΗΘ M3KCHMaJlbHOΓΟ CMaTHH ΒΟ9βΥΠ1Ηθή ΠΟΑΫΠΙΚΗ 9 (φΗΓ.1) ΟΤ ml(φκτ.2) no m2 Ha τρββκτορΗΗ αβημθηηη ygapHHKa 6 (Φηγ.Ι) οτκρωτο TOJibKo οπηοKOMneHcauHoHHoe oTBepcTHe 11, pacnonowennoe Ha paccTOHHHH 1 ot -ropná 16ynapHHKa 6. ΠρΗ nepeMemeHHH ynapHHKa 6 Ha ynacTKe ot ml no m2 b BoanynmoftnonyuiKe 9 npH stom β τβηβΗΗβ BpeMeHH (Φηγ.2) neňcTByer naBíieHne Gonbtnee,ηθμ b tom cnynae, ecnH nononHHTenbHoe KOMneHCanHoHHoe oTBepcTHe 12 (φΗΓ.1)pacnonaranach óbi Ha paccTOHHHH 1 ot Topná 16 ynapHHKa 6 β naHHOM ycTpoňcTBe. IIoBbnneHHe naBnenrat b Boanyninoň nonynnce 9 πρηβολητ k Gonee GbiCTpoMy H3Me-ηθημο HanpaBjTGHHH flBHuteHHH ynapHHKa 6 Ha ynap, cooómaH npH stom eMy ConbinyioCKopocTb coynapeHHH c paGoHHM HHCTpyMeHToM 3 η, K3K cnencTBHe, 6ojibmyro 3Hep-rmo ynapa. ΠβΜ 6nHwe pacnoJiaraeTCH nononHHTenbHoe KoMneHcanHOHHoe oTBepcTHeκ Topný ynaPHHKa 6, τεΜ MeHbnie oho βιίηηθτ Ha cHHweHHe ero aHepruH ynapa, on-penejiHH τθμ caMbw Ηβκοτορωϋ npenen ee yMeHbineHHH. Ecjih nononHHTenbHoe kom-neHcauMoHHoe oTBepcTHe pacnonoweHO Ha paccTOHHHH 1? (Φηγ.2) οττορω ynapHH-Ka 6 (Φηγ.Ι) GoJibine, ηθμ 1, oho nonanaeT b 3OHy nBHweHHH nopiimn 5 β TeneHHeBpeMeHH t3 h Ha ynacTKe ot m4 no m5 β TeneHHe BpeMeHH t' πβρβκρωΒββτ yKa3aH-Hoe oTBepcTHe. ΠρΗ 3Tom rnyGHHa BaxyyMa b Bo3nymHoň ποηγωκβ 9 Ha ynaeTKé bTeaeHHe BpeMeHH t? h naBneHHe Ha yuacTKe b TeneHHe BpeMeHH t3 yBenHHHBaioTCH,πρΗΒοηΗ κ GonbtneMy nont>eMy ynapHHKa 6 (τρβεκτορΗΗ nBHweHHn ynapHHKa 6), a3aTeM η κ GoJibiueřj ckopocth ero cOnHweHHH c paGoHHM HHCTpyMeHToM 3, mto b ko-HeuHOM ητογθ oGecneMHBaeT Gonbíhyio sneprieo ynapa, ηβΜ b H3BecTHoň ynapHofl Ma-rníme, Korná nonoJiHHTenbHoe KoMneHcanHOHHoe OTBepcTHe pacnonoweHO b nnocKoc-th, nepneHHHKyjiHpHoň och CTBona Ha paccTOHHHH 1 ot Topná 16 ynapHHKa 6. ΠβΜGonbme ynaneHHe nononHHTenbHoro oTBepcTHň ot to pna 16 ynapHHKa 6, τθμ MeHb- -we oho BJiHneT Ha CHHweHHe ero 3HeprHH ynapa, onpenenna tbkhm o6pa3oM ηθκοτο-pwň npyroň npenen ee yMeHbnieHHH. ΠρΗ paCnOJIOHteHHH T3KHM θ6ρ33ΟΜ nonOJIHHTeJlbHbK KOMneHCanHOHHbK OTBepCTHň11, 12, 13, 14 Ha onuoM ypoBHe oTHocHTertbHo Topná 16 ynapHHKa 6, BosnymHannonyniKa 9 nonynaeT Bo3MowHocTb coo6n,eHHH c aTMocdiepoň bo3mowho 6onee βπη-TenbHoe epeMB b Tenenne paGouero pracná η βΦΦθκτηβηο cHHwaeT sHeprmo ynapanpH OTKpbIBaHHH KawnOTO HOCnenywmero KOMneHCanHOHHOro OTBepCTHH BnnoTb noHyna. ΠβρεκρΜΤΗβ KOMneHcauHOHHbix oTBepcTHň 11, 12, 13, 14, pacnonoweiiHí>K bnnocKocTH, nepneHnHKynnpHoň och CTBona b, βο3μο»ηο pa3nraiHbiMH cnocoSaMH,Ka»nbiťi H3 KoTopbix oGnanaeT onpeneneHHbíM npeHMymecTBOM.
HanGonee npocTo nepeKpbiTHe OTBepcTHň 11, 12, 13, 14 ocyrnec-ťtenaeTCH rraib-3oň 17, ycTaHOBneHHoň Ha cTBone 4 c BO3MOWHocTbra BpameHHH bokpjit nocnennero(Φηγ.3). Ποβοροτομ pynKH 24 c noMombio SKcneHTpHKoBoro pbmara 23, BsaHMoneň-CTByiomero c naaoM 22 rraib3bi 17, nocnenHan noBopanHBaeTca Ha yron ηοοτβτοη-Hbiň nnn Toro, nToGbi ocynecTBHTb coBMemeHHe οτβθροτηβ 19 rraibam 17 h nononHH-TenbHoro KOMneHcauHoHHoro OTBepCTHH 12 (Φηγ.4). flanbHeňmee BpameHHe pynKH 24npHBonuT κ noBopoTy rraibabi 17 no coBMemeHHn oTBepcTHň 20 rwtbabi 17 c npyrHMnononHHTenbHbíM KOMneHcanHOHHbíM OTBepcTHeM 13, ocTaBnaa npH stom οτκρμτμμnea npenbinymrac KOMneHcauHOHHbix OTBepcTHň 11 h 12, mto očecneHHBaeTCH paanrai-HbiM nonoxteHHeM OTBepcTHň 18-21 b rwibse 17 h hx KOHAurypauHeíi, η τβκ naneeno COBMemeHHH Bcex OTBepcTHň 18—21 ΓΗΠΒ3Μ17 C KOMneHCaUHOHHblMH OTBepeTHHMH11 — 14. TaKoň BapnaHT BbRionHeHHa Mamraibi noaBonneT coKpaTH-rb ee oceBbie raCa-pHTbl. B npyroM BapHaHTe BbmonHeHHH MamHHbí rHnbsa 17 (Φηγ.5) ycTaHOBneaa β κορ-nyce 1 HenonBHjKHo, a ctboh 4 HMeeT BoaMOXHocTb BpamaTbcst BOKpyr cBoeň och. ,ΠρΗ 3Tom ποΒοροτ CTBona 4 ocymecTBnaeTCH Toň we pynKoň 24 nepe3 3KcueHTpHKo-Bbiň pbinar 23, BaaHMoneňcTByiomHft c nasoM 25, BbnonHeHHbíM b CTBOJie 4. CxeMa 263462 5 nepeKpbiTHH KOMneHcanHOHHbix oTBepcTHH 1 1—14 aHanorHnna npeflbinymeMy BapnaHTy.Πρκ HenoflBHMHoň ycTaHOBKe b Kopnyce 1 rnnb3bi 17 ctbob 4 ΒΜββτ CoJiee nnoTHywnocaflKy OTHocHTenbHo Kopnyca 1 , τβκ ksk b stom cnynae ecTb TonbKo oflHa non-BWKHaa nocaflica - Mexny ctbojiom 4 h rnnb3oň 17.
BbmoJiHeHHe rnnb3bi 17 3aoflHo c KopnycoM 1 ^Φηγ.6) naeT βο3μοκηο0τβ ocbo-ĎOflHTbCH OT rnnb3bl 17. fljIH BCKpbITHH KOMneHcauHOHHbK OTBepCTHH 11-14 B KOP~nyce 1 HMeioTCB cooTBeTCTBytomne na3M 26-29, 6narop,apn neMy oOecnenHBaeTCHTexHo-normecKas npocToTa b HsroTOBneHHH. B COOTBeTCTBHH C flpyrHM BapHaHTOM BbfflOJlHeHMH rHJlb3bl 17 CHa6»eHa KOCblM na-3om 31 (Φηγ.7) hbh pflfloM oTBepCTHíl 32 (Φηγ.8), 33, 34, 35 c nocnefloBaTenbHoyBejiHMHBaromHMCB pa3MepoM b npononbHOM HanpaBJíeHMH h ycTaHoeneHa c bo3moxhoc-Tbio oceBoro nepeMemeHHH, Ποβοροτομ pynKH 24 c noMombio 3KcneHTpHKoBoro pbwa-ra 23, B3anMOfleňcTByromero c KpyroBoň προτοηκοή 30 γηπβ3Μ 17, nocneflHHH HMe-βτ BO3MOXHOCTb OCeBOTO ΠβρθΜβΙΒβΗΗΗ OTHOCHTenbHO CTBOJia 4 . Υκ333ΜΗ0β ΠβρβΜβ-meHne cónpoBoxnaeTCH nepeKpbiTHeM moóoro aaflaHHoro nncna KOMneHcaynoHHbix ot-sepCTHÍi 11—14 3a cneT H3MeHHtomerocH b oceBoM nanpaBneHHH pa3Mepa OTBepCTHň32-35 rnnb3bi 17 hjíh Kocoro naaa 31 b Heří. Enaronapn oTcyrcTBHro cnoxHoro BmroTOBJieHHH naaa 22 b rwib3e 17, TaKoň BapHaHT oOecnenHBaeT TexHonornnec-Kyio npocToTy HaroTosneHHH nocneAHeň. npeflJiaraeMaH KoMnpeccHOHHo—BaKyyMHan MauiHHa ynapHóro neňcTBHH oOecnenH-BaeT uiHpoKuft nnanaaoH perynHpoBaHHH oHeprHH θαηηιβιηογο ynapa ynapHHKa 6, no-BbnneHHyio HaAexHocTb SypoBoro HHCTpyMeHTa řípu OypeHHH MaTepnanoB HesbicoKoňnpoHHocTu; noBbmeHHe HanexHocTH ΜνφτΜ npenenbHoro MOMeHTa MexaHH3Ma Bpawe-HHH ΠβρφορβΤΟΡΘ. OKoHOMHnecKHň 3φφεκτ o6ecnennBaeTCH 3a cner noBbitneHHH HaflexHocTH ΜνφτωnpenenbHoro MoweHTa. Πρκ SypeHHH MaTepnanoB He6onbiaoň nponnocTH, Korná npo-H3BoAHTenbHocTb paapyweHHH npesbímaeT npoHsBoflHTenbHocTb Bbwoca 6ypoBoň Měně-nu, ητο npuBOAHT κ nacTOMy 3aKnHMHBaHH(o 6ypa, Μνφτη npenenbHoro μομθητ3 προ -AonxHTejibHoe speMH pa6oTaeT Ha H3Hoc b cTonopHOM pewnMe. yxasaHHoe oGctoh-TejibCTBo npHBoAHT κ ycKopeHHOMy H3Hocy paBoHHx noBepxHocTeň MyφτbI, H, xaxcneflCTBHe, κ 6bicTpoMy nanenrao nepenaBaeMoro eio μομθητη ,ηηχθ npeflenbHoro. B3tom cnynae Μνφτβ noflnexHT 3aMeHe Ha 3anacHyro. ycTpoňcTBO 3φφβκτΗΒΗοτο pe-rynHpoBaHHH 3HeprHH yqapa «aeT BO3Mo»HoCTb οηηβητβ nacTOTy 33κπηηηβ3ΗΜη 6y-pa η τβΜ caMbiM o6nernnTb pexHM paSoTbi npenoxpaHHTenbHoíí MyφτbI ρ,ο Taxoft CTe-neHH, ητο oTnanaeT Heo6xonHMOCTb B eanacHoň Μνφτε.
ΦΟΡίΟΟΤΑ H30BPETEHHH 1. KoMnpeccnoHHO“BaKyyMHaH ManiHHa ynapHoro qeňcTBHH, conepataman pa3Me®eH-Hbie b Kopnyce πρηβοα, ctboji c cncTeMoň βμ6οροηηο nepexpbiBaeMbix KOMtteHcaiploa-Hbix oTBepcTHft, ycTaHOBJíeHHbie b ηθμ yqapHHK h cBjreaHHMň c hhm BosflyraHoň no-qyniKoň nopmeHb, coenHHeHHbifl c πρηβοαομ, h oxBaTbiBaiorayio ctbob ranbay, nepe-KpbiBaiomyjo KOMneHcaqHOHHbie oTBepcTHH, oTJiHnawtuaHCH τθμ; ητο, c nent» pac-BiHpeHHH 4nana3OHa perynupoBaHun aHeprHH yqapa MamHHbí, KOMnettcanHOHHwe ot-BepcTHH pacnonoweHbí b oahoíí nnocKocTH, nepneHflUKynnpHoň och ctbojis. 2. KoMnpeccHOHHo-BaKyyMHan MauiHHa ynapnoro fleňeTBHH no n.l, oTBHnaio—mancH τβΜ, ητο rmaa ycTaHoBneHa c βο3μοχηο<:τϊ>κ> ποΒοροτβ οτηοοητθπβηοcTBona. 3. KoMnpeccHOHHo-BaKyyMHaH MauiHHa ynapHoro fleňCTB«H no n.l, oTnunatomaa-ca τθμ, ητο runbaa ycTáHoBneHa HenonBracHo οτηοοητθπβηο xopnyca, a ctbob yc-TaHoBneH c bo3moxhoctbio noBopoTa Boxpyr coÓCTBeHHoíí och. 4. KoMnpéccHoHHo—BaKyyMHaH Maninna ynapHoro fleňcTBHH no n.3, oTnunaromaH-mh TeM, ητο rHFibaa BbnonHeHa saoflHo c KopnycoM. 263462 -6- :· 5. KoMnpeccHOHHo-BaKyyMHaH Mamu»a yaapHoro «eftcTBHB no n»l, owimiajoinají-ch těm, hto rnn&3a ycTaHOBJíena c bo3Mo«hoctí>ío npofloJiBHoro nepeMemeHHH ot-HocHTenbHo CTBona h b Heft BbnoJiHeH Kocoň na3 κπη pan oTBepcTHň c nocnefloBa-TertbHo yBeniWHBaioníHMCH ρβ3ΜβροΜ b προαολβηομ oTHocHTejibHo och CTBona HanpaB-JíéHHH, UCTOHHHKH ΗΗφοΡΜβίίΗΗ, ΠρΜΗΗΤΜβ BO BHHMaHHe ΓίρΗ 3KCnepTH3e5 ΠβτβΗΤ ΦΡΓ IP 2938513, κ«. B 25 D 9/14.
IlaTGHT CUIA IP 1402727, κπ. 173-118, 1922. P E Φ E P A T ·
< KOMlPECCHOHHO-BAKyyMHAH ΜΑΙΠΗΗΑ ΥΗΑΡΗΟΓΟ HEflCTBHH
KoMnpeccHOHHo-BaKyyMHaH Mamima ynapHoro neňcTBHH coflepwHT pa3MemeHHwe BKopnyce 1 npHBop 2, ctjboji 4 c cHCTeMoň bmCopohho riepeKpbisaeMbix KOMneHcauH-oHHbix OTBepcTHň 11, .12, 13, 14, ycTaHOBneHHbie β ηβμ ynapHHK 6 h CBHsaHHbift chhm'BO3ffymHoň nopyuiKoň 9 nopnieub 5, coeflHHeHíibiň c πρηβο«ομ 2, h pxBáTMBawmywctboji 4 rHnbay 17, nepeKpbiBaraniyío KoMneHcauHoHHbie otb&pcthh 11, 12, 14. Kqm-rieHcauHOHHbie oTBepcTHH 11, 12, 14 pacnonoxeHbí b oflHoft nnocKocTH, nepneHflHKy-jihpho# och CTBona 4. <t>Hrypa 1. t . IIpH3HaH0 Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗβΜ ΠΟ pe3ynbTaT3M 3KCnepTH3bl, OCyHíeCTBJjeHHOÍit roCypapCT-ΒΘΗΗΜΜ KOMHTGTOM CCCP ΠΟ ΑθΠΗΜ H3O6peTeHKŘ H OTKpbíTHft. 3 nepTewa 263462