CS260643B1 - Rubber plate for rail grate's paving - Google Patents

Abstract

Rubber slabs for paving grate, especially railway, with each other level crossing with road, they are created by closing the rubber blades. Basic structural material of rubber plates are made of rubber conveyor belts, clamped by mechanical means coupling agents or chemically by joining the contact interfaces slats or vulcanization to the rubber package of heaven-combined combination methods. The main advantage of the solution is the use of cheap industrial waste and secondary raw materials in the form of worn out and discarded conveyor belts, while maintaining all favorable properties the construction of rubber plates for st paving of the rail grate.

Description

The rubber plates for the paving of the railway grate, especially the railway, at the level crossing with the road, are formed by closing the rubber slats. The basic construction material of the rubber plates is rubber lamellas made of rubber conveyor belts, fastened by mechanical fasteners or by chemically bonding the rubber lamellas or by vulcanization into a rubber wrapper, or by a combination of the above methods. The main advantage of the solution is the use of inexpensive industrial waste and secondary raw materials in the form of worn and discarded rubber belts of conveyors, while maintaining all the favorable properties of rubber plate construction for rail grating paving.

Giant. 1 '

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a rubber plate for paving a rail grate, in particular a railway grate, made of discarded and worn rubber conveyor belts.

The dense network of roads and rails creates many level crossings and parallel lines, which require paving of the rail grid - level crossing. The design of level crossing, which respects the needs and meets the characteristics of both types of roads, is in very few cases satisfactory. The increasing traffic load increases the demands on level crossing constructions. Commonly used conventional paving with wooden sleepers and beams, stone or concrete blocks and blocks or bituminous mixture are no longer suitable for road and rail traffic. Traffic loads cause paving, early wear and deformation of the road surface. Conventional paving does not allow quick repairs and maintenance of the track superstructure using machines and mechanization. Large-area tiles made of reinforced concrete or steel eliminate some of the disadvantages of classic paving, but they bring other problems. The consistent management of steel material, corrosion, manufacturing demands and the need for dielectric separation of the two rail tracks of the rail predetermine the use of steel paving elements for limited use only. Reinforced concrete panels do not provide the necessary balance of elasticity and strength. They are very sensitive to the accuracy and flatness of the bearings, so they require special support structures. Deformations and subsidence of the supporting structures due to the traffic load are reflected back on the large-area reinforced concrete elements. The parts rock and roll under passing road vehicles, cracking and destroying them. The disadvantage is their high weight and easy damage during transport. The investment demands, the consumption of cement and steel and the necessity of several days of road traffic exclusion during construction are proving to be disadvantages in extensive application. In terms of physico-mechanical properties, rubber tiles are the most suitable. However, their industrial production is tied to quality raw materials and production capacities of complex technological equipment of rubber plants. The use of secondary raw materials, such as the frequently used filler from crushed old tires, does not reduce this demand.

These drawbacks are overcome by the rubber grate paving plate from the discarded rubber belts of the conveyors according to the invention, which is based on rubber lamellas. These rubber lamellas are assembled by side-by-side surfaces perpendicular to the plane of the rubber plate. Rubber slats of suitable shapes and dimensions are cut or cut from worn and discarded rubber conveyor belts. The rubber lamellae are bonded by mechanical or chemical means or vulcanized, or by a combination of the above methods, to a compact rubber plate or panel having elastic strength orthogonal-anisotropic characteristics.

The advantage is that a rubber plate having all the favorable properties of other rubber paving slabs is formed by interconnecting the rubber plates. The advantage is the full application and use of the properties of rubber conveyor belts, which are made of high quality raw materials resistant to mechanical damage, environmental and weather conditions, they are flexible, elastic, have tensile and compressive strength, are reinforced with textile or metal cord. The orthogonal-anisotropic characteristic of the rubber plate is given in the direction parallel to the slats by the properties of the rubber slats, and in the direction perpendicular by the properties of the rubber slat connection. By introducing prestressing into the closing of the rubber plates, the way of connecting the rubber plates and the stiffness of the switching means, the characteristics of the rubber plate can be changed by elastic strength. The advantage of the rubber plates according to the invention is their simple production without the need of rubber machinery, significant increase in the efficiency of the secondary raw material, low production costs without the demands on the production capacity of the rubber industry. The advantage is also easy and relatively quick assembly and disassembly. The rubber plates according to the invention do not need any further supporting structures, they are not sensitive to the accuracy and flatness of the bearing, they can be applied to the track superstructure of all shapes. for rails in directional and rolling curves. A further advantage is that the anti-skid treatment of the surface of the rubber plate is very easy by means of notches in the upper edges of the rubber lamellas which form a tread when assembled into the rubber plate. The slats can be assembled into rubber plates and panels of various sizes. Another advantage is that the rubber slats as well as the smaller clamped parts made of rubber slats can be successfully used as supporting panels of rubber rubber sheet produced.

An exemplary embodiment of a rubber grate for paving a rail grate according to the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a rubber plate transverse to the rubber plates showing its composition in workshop or construction site production. Giant. 2 shows a cross-section of a rubber plate transversely to the rubber lamellae during industrial vulcanization into a compact component. Giant. 3 shows a cross-section of a rail track with a possible embodiment of paving with rubber plates according to the invention.

The rubber plate 1 (Figs. 1 and 2) for paving a rail grate according to the invention is formed by the fastened rubber slats 2 cut or cut to the necessary shapes and dimensions from the discarded rubber conveyor belts. The rubber slats 2 form at the same time the reinforcement 1 of the filling of the rubber plate 1. The fastening of the rubber slats 2 is carried out by mechanical fasteners 3 through the holes in the rubber slats. The mechanical fasteners 3 can be biased into the rubber plate 1. The rubber slats 2 can also be bonded chemically in the contact surfaces 4 of the rubber slats 2 or by vulcanization or a combination of all of the aforesaid joining methods. In industrial rubber production, the rubber slats 2 or blocks formed from them can be vulcanized into a rubber wrapper 5 to obtain a compact rubber plate 1 (Fig. 2). When forming the rubber plates 1 (Figs. 1 and 3) from the rubber plates 2 folded perpendicular to the rail axis, the individual rubber plates 2 or of the pre-assembled part are threaded onto the mechanical fasteners 3. The formed rubber plate 1 is supported on the rails 6, on the one hand leveled substrate 7 at the level of the upper surfaces of the sleepers 8 in the space between the sleepers 8. At the point above the sleepers 8 the rubber plate 1 lies directly on the sleeper. The required space above the rail fasteners is formed in the rubber plate 1 by cut-outs of suitable shapes and dimensions in the rubber slats 2. The mechanical fasteners 3 ensure the interaction of the individual rubber slats 2 thereby forming a rubber plate 1 with an orthogonal-anisotropic characteristic. By suitably shaping and arranging the notches on the sides of the rubber plate 1, locks can be formed to prevent the rubber plate 1 from loosening and lifting from under the rail head 6. The anti-skid tread of the running surface of the rubber plate 1 is formed by alternate slots 9 on the upper edges of the rubber plates 2.

The grate rubber plates made of discarded and worn rubber belts of the conveyors according to the invention can be used for paving of all grates, especially rail grids. They can be used for tracks of all kinds and gauge, for railway tracks of sidings, mine railways, public transport and also for pavement of paved areas in factories, warehouses and public spaces.

Claims (3)

Subject A rubber plate for paving a rail grate at level crossing with a road, made of rubber conveyor belts, characterized in that it is formed by rubber slats (2) arranged side by side perpendicular to the plane of the rubber plate (1). 2. Rubber plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the rubber slats (2) are joined to each other by mechanical fasteners (3) or chemically bonded (4) contact surfaces of the rubber slats (2) or vulcanized into a rubber wrapper (5). ), or. are connected by a combination of said connections. 3 sheets of drawings 26 0é4’3 7777777 (^ 777).