CS238839B1 - Method of fixing of thermal insulating materals on building elements - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of fixing the heat-insulating material to building objects or parts affects the construction industry. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention is based on the fact that a mixture of sand, gypsum and cement dispersed in a dilute aqueous emulsion of polymers which is no longer soluble in water and provides a continuous film is used for the fixation in a suitable ratio. Advantageously, it can be used in the construction industry for fixing heat-insulating materials, preferably polystyrene, in a very simple manner, or to increase the thermal insulation already on existing buildings.

Description

(54) A method of fixing heat-insulating material to building objects or components

2

The method of fixing the thermal insulation material on building objects or parts touches on the building industry.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to use a suitable proportions consisting of sand, gypsum and cement dispersed in a dilute aqueous emulsion of polymers which, after drying, are no longer water-soluble and provide a continuous film.

Advantageously, it can be used in the building industry to fix heat-insulating materials, preferably polystyrene, in a very simple manner, or to increase thermal insulation already in existing buildings.

The invention relates. a method of fixing the thermally insulating material to building objects or components by means of a mixture consisting of inorganic components in the form of an aqueous dispersion in a dilute polyvinyl acetate latex.

A significant amount of thermal energy escapes through imperfectly insulated building parts of residential dwellings. Especially recently, great attention has been paid to reducing this loss.

The literature describes several processes that either aim to reduce the thermal conductivity directly of the building component or the insulating material is fixed to the surface of the building component or structure. For example, expanded perlite is mixed with mortar and thus applied to the building structure.

a method is known in which the insulating inserts are fixed by means of a steel structure by means of a 25 mm thick cement mortar. Another method utilizes the possibility of mechanically fixing the thatched insulation, for example by starch. There are methods that use latex rubber adhesives to fix the insulating material.

The application of these processes has certain disadvantages. In the case of using a perlite mortar, the possibility of reducing the thermal conductivity is limited by the maximum possible ratio of perlite and mortar. If only cement mortar is used, the insulation inserts must be specially treated, which significantly increases the cost of the thermal insulation with the labor intensive. The mechanical method of fixing, for example by starch, is considerable time-consuming and requires modification of the substrates. The use of rubber adhesive is expensive and the preparation of substrates is very time consuming.

These drawbacks will be eliminated by the method of fixing the heat-insulating material according to the invention, which consists in carrying out a curing mixture which is dispersed in 4 to 6% of an aqueous emulsion of polymeric substances which, after drying, give a continuous film which is already insoluble in water. polystyrene. The correct ratio of the components ensures that a dispersion is obtained which has sufficient adhesion to the building elements, respectively. insulation material immediately after gluing to the components. Dry sand of 1 mm grain size, gypsum and cement, for example in a cement mixer, are mixed until a homogeneous mixture is obtained for 10-15 minutes. The mixture is then dispersed before use, for example, into a dilute aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsion. The dispersion is uniformly applied to the surface of the insulating thatch and waits until the dispersion acquires thixotropic properties sufficiently to render the dispersion inert in the vertical position. Then the insulating board is pressed against the components.

The same mixture is used to treat the exterior surface, except that a more dilute dispersion is prepared on which, after drying, traditional lime mortar can also be applied.

The method of fixing the thermally insulating material with the curing composition of the present invention has several advantages over the prior art.

The dispersion has thisotropic properties, which allows easy handling when bonding the insulating material to the wall. Once applied, the dispersion hardens sufficiently when pressed onto the wall, so that it is held on the surface of the walls and there is no need to mechanically secure the parts against displacement.

The preparation of the mixture or dispersion requires no investment costs and can be prepared directly on site.

It follows that the subject of the invention can also be used by an individual builder, not only at the completion of the new building, but also for the retrofitting of existing family houses.

From the economic point of view, the use of the proposed method is of enormous significance, as the material costs of gluing and exterior treatment per 1 m ^{2 of} thermal insulation material are around 6 to 7 Kčs; whereby the heat losses due to the passage of heat through the components are substantially reduced by up to two.

The proposed method of preparation and use does not require any professional qualifications of the worker, or the use of special aids, nor the demanding modification of the materials.

No harmful pollutants are produced during the preparation of the dry mixture or dispersion.

Example 1

Ten parts by weight of dry sand which was sieved through a 1 mm sieve, three parts by weight of gypsum and one part by weight of cement are homogenized, for example, in a concrete mixer for 10 to 15 minutes. Of this mixture, 4 parts by weight are dispersed. to 3 liters of a 5% aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsion which is poured onto the surface of 1 m ^{2 of} insulating material. After obtaining a sufficient thixotropic property, i.e. if it is already inert in the vertical position of the dispersion, requiring 15 to 30 s, according to the ratio of the dry mixture to the aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsion, the insulating material is pressed onto the component.

Example 2

Ten parts by weight of dry sand, which was sieved through a 1 mm sieve, ten parts by weight of gypsum and heels of parts by weight of cement are homogenized, for example, in a concrete mixer for 10 to 15 minutes. From this mixture, the weight parts are dispersed in 10 liters of a 6% aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsion which is poured onto the surface of 1 m ^{2 of} insulating material. After obtaining sufficient thixotropic properties, i.e. the dispersion already in the vertical position is inert, requiring 15 to 30 seconds, depending on the ratio of the dry mixture and the aqueous emulsion of the polyvinyl acetate, the insulating material is pressed onto the component.

Example 3

Ten parts by weight of dry sand, five parts by weight of gypsum and two parts by weight of cement are homogenized, for example, in a concrete mixer for 10 to 15 minutes. From this mixture, the 5 parts by weight are dispersed in 8 liters of a 6% aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsion. The perfect dispersion is sprayed or sprayed onto the 2 m ^{2 of the} external surface of the already glued material.

Example 4

Ten parts by weight of dry sand which was sieved through a 1 mm sieve, 7 parts by weight of gypsum and 3 parts by weight of cement are homogenized, for example, in a concrete mixer for 10 to 15 minutes. From this mixture, 5 parts by weight are dispersed in 5 liters of 6% methyl methacrylate latex, which is poured onto the surface of 1 m ^{2 of} insulating material. After obtaining a sufficient thixotropic property, i.e. a dispersion! already in the vertical position is inert, which requires 15 to 30 sec. according to the ratio of the dry mixture to the aqueous emulsion, the insulating material is pressed onto the building component.

Example 5

Ten parts by weight of dry sand which has been sieved through a 1 mm sieve, 5 parts by weight of plaster and. 2 parts by weight of cement are homogenized, for example, in a concrete mixer for 10 to 15 minutes. Of this mixture, 6 parts by weight are dispersed in 6 liters of 6% butadiene-styrene latex, which is poured onto the surface of 1 m ^{2 of} insulating material. After obtaining a sufficient thixotropic property, i.e. the dispersion already in the vertical position is inert, requiring 15 to 30 seconds depending on the ratio of the dry mixture to the aqueous emulsion, the insulating material is pressed onto the building component.

Claims (2)

SUBJECT Method of fixing the heat-insulating material on building objects or components with a hardening composition, characterized in that 4 to 6 parts by weight of a thixotropic mixture consisting of 10 parts by weight of sand with a particle size of 1 mm are applied to the surface of 1 m ^{2 of the} insulating material. 3 to 10 parts by weight of gypsum and 1 to 5 parts by weight of cement suspended with 3 to 10 liters of a 4 to 6% aqueous emulsion of polymeric lava flows which, after drying, give a continuous film of water-insoluble, for example polyvinyl acetate and heat insulating material. , for example polystyrene, which is fixed to the surface of the building part by pressing and from the outside a heat-insulating material such as polystyrene is coated or sprayed with the same mineral mixture but suspended by 4 to 12 liters of 4 to 6% aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsion.