CS236678B2 - Cooling and lubricating paste for metal working and theier cold pressing - Google Patents
Cooling and lubricating paste for metal working and theier cold pressing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CS236678B2 CS236678B2 CS825935A CS593582A CS236678B2 CS 236678 B2 CS236678 B2 CS 236678B2 CS 825935 A CS825935 A CS 825935A CS 593582 A CS593582 A CS 593582A CS 236678 B2 CS236678 B2 CS 236678B2
- Authority
- CS
- Czechoslovakia
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- lubricating
- bentonite
- coolant
- cooling
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000017520 skin disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium tristearate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 229940063655 aluminum stearate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000721 bacterilogical effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005569 Iron sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035987 intoxication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000566 intoxication Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M113/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickening agent being an inorganic material
- C10M113/02—Carbon; Graphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M113/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickening agent being an inorganic material
- C10M113/04—Sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M113/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickening agent being an inorganic material
- C10M113/10—Clays; Micas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M117/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof
- C10M117/06—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having more than one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or cycloaliphatic carbon atom
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/02—Water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M2201/0416—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black used as thickening agents
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- C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
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- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
- C10M2201/0426—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride used as thickening agents
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- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/043—Sulfur; Selenenium; Tellurium
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- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/043—Sulfur; Selenenium; Tellurium
- C10M2201/0436—Sulfur; Selenenium; Tellurium used as thickening agents
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- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
- C10M2201/102—Silicates
- C10M2201/103—Clays; Mica; Zeolites
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
- C10M2201/102—Silicates
- C10M2201/103—Clays; Mica; Zeolites
- C10M2201/1036—Clays; Mica; Zeolites used as thickening agents
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/08—Aldehydes; Ketones
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
- C10M2207/124—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
- C10M2207/1245—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof used as thickening agent
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
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- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
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- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
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- C10N2040/20—Metal working
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
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- C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
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- C10N2040/242—Hot working
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/243—Cold working
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
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Abstract
Description
Vynález se týká nových chladicích a mazacích přípravků, které je možné používat - při třískovém a beztřískovém obrábění kovů a jiných materiálů, jakož i způsobu zlepšení známých chladicích a mazacích kapalin.The present invention relates to novel coolants and lubricants which can be used in the machining of metal and other materials, as well as to methods for improving known coolants and lubricants.
Při provádění zmíněných obráběcích technologií se používá větší počet chladicích a mazacích prostředků, které mají takový chladicí a mazací účinek, že zabraňují poškození materiálu ohřevem a mohou zaručit potřebnou hladkost povrchu materiálu. Tyto prostředky nesmí být škodlivé pro -lidi a okolí, dále musí být smývatelné a jejich použití musí být ekonomické.In carrying out said machining technologies, a plurality of coolants and lubricants are used which have a cooling and lubricating effect such that they prevent damage to the material by heating and can guarantee the necessary smoothness of the material surface. These compositions must not be harmful to the people and the environment, must be washable and economical to use.
Jako chladicí a mazací prostředky se používá obecně vhodná kapalina, například olejové emulze, avšak u profilových nástrojů, při velkých pracovních rychlostech a velkém plošném tlaku nelze chlazení pomocí kapalíny zaručit.Generally, a suitable liquid, such as an oil emulsion, is used as a cooling and lubricating agent, however, for profile tools, at high working speeds and at high surface pressure, liquid cooling cannot be guaranteed.
V odborrné literatuře je popsáno- více řešení shora uvedeného problému a některé zde uvedené přípravky lze již v obchodě dostat.More solutions to the above problem are described in the literature, and some of the compositions herein can be obtained from the market.
V rakouském patentovém spisu č. 313 452 je popsána chladicí kapalina, která obsahuje soli těžkých kovů a potřebný chladicí účinek se dosahuje chemickým ’ procesem. Nedostatek tohoto přípravku spočívá v jeho obsahu síranu a dusitanu železa, niklu a kobaltu, což s ohledem na nebezpečí intoxikace vyžaduje při používání velkou opatrnost.Austrian patent specification 313 452 discloses a coolant which contains heavy metal salts and the necessary cooling effect is achieved by a chemical process. The drawback of this product is its content of iron sulphate and nitrite, nickel and cobalt, which requires great caution in use due to the risk of intoxication.
Ve švýcarském patentovém spisu 481 208 je popsána chladicí kapalina, která obsahuje jako emulzi alkanolaminy a glykoly. Zmíněné složky mohou ale vyvolávat onemocnění kůže.Swiss Patent 481,208 discloses a coolant which contains alkanolamines and glycols as an emulsion. However, these ingredients may cause skin disease.
V DE-PS č. 239 895 je popsáno mazivo, které sestává v podstatě z oleje, hliníkového prášku a grafitového prášku. Při použití směsi je důležitým předpokladem, že teplota látky, která se bude obrábět, bude vyšší, než je teplota tání hliníku, a proto je možné tuto směs používat jen ve válcovnách.DE-PS No. 239 895 discloses a lubricant consisting essentially of oil, aluminum powder and graphite powder. When using a mixture, it is an important assumption that the temperature of the material to be machined will be higher than the melting point of aluminum, and therefore the mixture can only be used in rolling mills.
V DE-PS č. -1 594 532 je popsán přípravek s -omezeným- vývinem kouře, který je ale rovněž upotřebitelný jen ve válcovnách.DE-PS No. 1,594,532 discloses a composition with limited smoke generation, but which is also useful only in rolling mills.
Je známé, že možnost -zatížení teplem lze zvyšovat pomocí syntetických -olejů nebo syntetických tuků, tyto látky jsou ale značně drahé a škodlivé pro okolí.It is known that the possibility of heat loading can be increased by using synthetic oils or synthetic fats, but these substances are considerably expensive and harmful to the environment.
K těmto- přípravkům patří například pasta pro závitovou frézu firmy Ci-ncinatti, Holandsko, a kapalina „Dundy“ firmy Daniel a Jáger, Stuttgart. Tyto přípravky mohou ale snadno- při velkých řezných výkonech snadno zplynovat a vznikající plyny jsou škodlivé -pro- zdraví.These include, for example, a thread milling paste from Ci-ncinatti, the Netherlands, and "Dundy" liquid from Daniel and Eger, Stuttgart. However, these preparations can readily gasify at high cutting speeds and the resulting gases are harmful to health.
U některých chladicích kapalin vystupují vedle problémů použitelnosti také velké problémy -s osídlením bakteriemi. Švýcarský patentový spis č. 508 035 nabízí řešení tohoto· problému například použitím formaldehydu. S ^ohledem na jeho rychlé odpařování je ale třeba jej dávkovat ve velkých množstvích, tato množství mohou vyvolávat onemocnění kůže a znečišťovat vzduch. Stejné nedostatky mají i ostatní dezinfekční prostředky.In some coolants, in addition to serviceability problems, there are also major problems with settling bacteria. Swiss Patent No. 508,035 offers a solution to this problem, for example using formaldehyde. However, due to its rapid evaporation, it is necessary to dispense it in large amounts, these amounts can cause skin diseases and air pollution. Other disinfectants have the same drawbacks.
Zlepšení vlastností známých chladicích a mazacích kapalin zabraňuje ale i ta skutečnost, že v těchto kapalinách nejsou rozpustné vhodné přísady, jako jsou například látky, které zvyšují mazací účinek, například mýdla, grafit, síra a jiné -přísady, a výroba homogenních a stabilních přípravků naráží na velké potíže.However, the improvement of the properties of known coolants and lubricants is prevented by the fact that suitable additives, such as lubricants, such as soaps, graphite, sulfur and other additives, are not soluble in these liquids, and the production of homogeneous and stable formulations is hampered. in big trouble.
Úkolem vynálezu je proto- vytvoření takových chladicích a mazacích prostředků, které by při obrábění kovů a jiných materiálů za velkých řezných výkonů mohly poskytnout odpovídající chladicí účinek, které by tedy připouštěly možnost velikého zatížení a měly dobrou přilnavost.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide cooling and lubricating agents which, when machining metals and other materials at high cutting capacities, can provide an adequate cooling effect, which would therefore allow for high loads and good adhesion.
Pokusy prokázaly, že bentonit -může s ohledem na botnavost tvořit s kapalinami, například -s různými bodno-bazickými chladicími a mazacími kapalinami, pastu, - která r^ů:že být s dobrými výsledky používána jako- chladicí a mazací pasta i při velkých rychlostech obrábění.Experiments have shown that bentonite can form a paste with fluids such as various bodily-basic coolants and lubricants with respect to swelling, which can be used with good results as a coolant and lubricant paste even with large machining speeds.
Pokusy také ukázaly, že kvalita a homogenita pasty je- ovlivňována rozdělením velikosti zrn bentonitu. Jestliže bentonitová drť má částice větší než 70 μία, nelze zaručit při použití pasty obsahující bentonit s ohledem na špatnou botnavost příliš velkých částic například při lisování - desky potřebnou hladkost povrchu.Experiments have also shown that the quality and homogeneity of the paste is influenced by the grain size distribution of the bentonite. If the bentonite pulp has particles larger than 70 μία, the smoothness of the bentonite paste cannot be guaranteed due to poor swelling of oversized particles, for example, when pressing the plate.
Vynález se proto týká chladicí a mazací pasty k obrábění kovů a jiných materiálů, která sestává z vody, 5,0 až 30,0 °/o hmot, bentonitu s velikostí zrna pod 70 μΐη a popřípadě z obvyklého oleje běžného druhu a obvyklého- množství, který je použitelný pro vodně-bazické chladicí a mazací kapaliny, popřípadě z přísad sloužících pro zlepšení mazacích schopností.The invention therefore relates to a cooling and lubricating paste for machining metals and other materials which consists of water, 5.0 to 30.0% by weight, bentonite with a grain size below 70 μΐη and, optionally, a customary oil of the conventional type and the usual amount , which is applicable to water-base coolants and lubricants, or from additives for improving lubricating properties.
Chladicí a mazací pasta podle vynálezu sestává s výhodou ze 40,0 až 60,0 % hmot, vody, 5,0 až 30,0 % hmot, bentonitu a 10,0 až 50,0 % hmot, obvyklého oleje.The cooling and lubricating paste according to the invention preferably consists of 40.0 to 60.0% by weight of water, 5.0 to 30.0% by weight of bentonite and 10.0 to 50.0% by weight of a conventional oil.
Chladicí a mazací pasta podle vynálezu obsahuje vedle vody, -bentonitu a obvyklého oieje s výhodou také 1,0 až 10,0 % hmot, přísad pro zlepšení mazacího účinku, zejména mýdlo, grafit a/nebo síru, s tou výhradou, že celkové množství bentonitu a přísad nesmí být větší než 30,0 % hmot., dále 5,0 až 20,0 °/o dezinfekčního -činidla a 0,1 až 1,0 % hmot, aromatické látky.The cooling and lubricating paste according to the invention contains, in addition to water, bentonite and the usual oil, preferably also 1.0 to 10.0% by weight of additives for improving the lubricating effect, in particular soap, graphite and / or sulfur, provided that the total amount The bentonite and the additives must not exceed 30.0% by weight, furthermore 5.0 to 20.0% by weight of the disinfectant and 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of the flavoring.
K pastě podle vynálezu se jako přísada mohou používat s výhodou mýdla jako například stearát vápenatý, horečnatý, hlinitý nebo- zlneěnatý, grafit, síra, dále všechny obvyklé dezinfekční látky, například formaldehyd a aromatické -látky.Soaps such as, for example, calcium, magnesium, aluminum or granulated stearate, graphite, sulfur, as well as all the usual disinfectants, for example formaldehyde and aromatic substances, can be advantageously used as the additive according to the invention.
Vynález se týká dále způsobu zlepšení obvyklých chladicích a mazacích kapalin, který spočívá v tem, že se 0,1 až 20 % hmot, přísad, nerozpustných v chladicí a mazacíThe invention further relates to a method for improving conventional coolants and lubricants, which comprises 0.1 to 20% by weight of additives insoluble in coolants and lubricants.
236S78 б236S78 б
kapalině, s výhodou látek zvyšujících mazací účinek, dezinfekčních prostředků a/nebo aromatických látek promísí se směsí, sestávající ze 30,0 až 80,0 % hmot, vody, 5,0 až 30,0 % hmot, bentonitu a popřípadě 30,0 až 50,0 % hmot, obvyklého oleje a přidají se к chladicí a mazací kapalině.a liquid, preferably a lubricant, a disinfectant and / or a flavoring agent is mixed with a mixture consisting of 30.0 to 80.0% by weight, water, 5.0 to 30.0% by weight, bentonite and optionally 30.0% by weight up to 50.0% by weight of conventional oil and added to the coolant and lubricant.
Způsobem podle vynálezu lze značně rozšířit okruh použití obvyklých chladicích a mazacích kapalin, neboť je možné použít takové přísady, jako jsou například mýdla, grafit, síru a/nebo aromatické látky a/nebo dezinfekční prostředky pro zlepšení obvyklých chladicích a mazacích kapalin, které s ohledem na nerozpustnost ve vodě a rychlé vylučování se к tomu nehodily.By the method according to the invention, the range of conventional coolants and lubricants can be greatly expanded as additives such as soaps, graphite, sulfur and / or flavorings and / or disinfectants can be used to improve conventional coolants and lubricants which, insolubility in water and rapid excretion were not appropriate.
Chladicí a mazací pasta podle vynálezu má následující přednosti:The inventive cooling and lubricating paste has the following advantages:
a) Obsah vázané vody v bentonitu se uvolňuje při teplotě 500 až 700 °C, a proto má pasta podle vynálezu chladicí účinek během obrábění i při tak vysokých teplotách, při kterých se olej spaluje,a) The bound water content of the bentonite is released at a temperature of 500 to 700 ° C and therefore the paste according to the invention has a cooling effect during machining even at such high temperatures at which the oil is burned,
b) s ohledem na bod a) se zabraňuje vzniku par a plynů,(b) with regard to point (a), the generation of vapors and gases is prevented;
c) odvodněný bentonit má i sám o sobě dobrý mazací účinek a mazací účinek pasty je tedy větší než mazací účinek oleje,c) the dewatered bentonite itself has a good lubricating effect and the lubricating effect of the paste is therefore greater than the lubricating effect of the oil,
d) zapracováním přísad jako například mýdel, grafitu, síry, aromatických látek a dezinfekčních prostředků, které s ohledem na rychlé vylučování nebyly až dosud použitelné, lze dále zvýšit mazací účinek pasty,(d) the incorporation of additives such as soaps, graphite, sulfur, flavorings and disinfectants, which have not been used up to now due to rapid elimination, can further enhance the lubricating effect of the paste;
e) bentonit je vhodný také jako prostředek stabilizující emulzi, a tak je možné použitím siměsi sestávající z bentonitu a přísad zabránit nebo při nejmenším oddálit vylučování u chladicích a mazacích kapalin,(e) bentonite is also suitable as an emulsion-stabilizing agent, and thus the use of bentonite-containing simulations and additives may prevent or at least delay the elimination of coolants and lubricants,
f) smíšením dezinfekčního prostředku a bentonitu a přidáním této směsi к obvyklé chladicí a mazací kapalině je možné dosáhnout koncentrace dezinfekčního prostředku pod obvyklou citlivostí kůže a současně zajistit biologickou čistotu a zabránit špičkové koncentrace dezinfekčního prostředku,f) By mixing the disinfectant and bentonite and adding this mixture to the usual coolant and lubricant, it is possible to reach the concentration of the disinfectant under the usual sensitivity of the skin, while ensuring biological purity and preventing peak concentrations of the disinfectant,
g) pasty podle vynálezu se mohou v protikladu ke známým syntetickým pastám a tukům snadno smývat.g) The pastes according to the invention can be easily washed off, in contrast to known synthetic pastes and fats.
Chladicí a mazací pasty podle vynálezu a způsob podle vynálezu jsou objasněny následujícími příklady, aniž by se omezovaly pouze na ně.The cooling and lubricating pastes according to the invention and the process according to the invention are illustrated by the following examples without being limited to them.
Příklad 1Example 1
Pro zjištění hlubokotažnosti byla z ocelové desky o tloušťce 2 mm vytažena nádobka o průměru 70 mm a výšce 40 mm. Podle obvyklých způsobů se deska má fosfátovat, jinak se povrch nádobky poruší, zbrázdí a síla stěny bude nerovnoměrná. Rychlost lisování činí 0,1 m/s.A container with a diameter of 70 mm and a height of 40 mm was withdrawn from a 2 mm thick steel plate to determine the deep-drawing. According to conventional methods, the plate is to be phosphated, otherwise the surface of the container will break, groove and the wall thickness will be uneven. The pressing speed is 0.1 m / s.
Jako; chladicí a mazací pasta byla vyrobena emulze, obsahující vodu, chladicí a mazací olej v poměru 1 :1. Chladicí a mazací olej sestává z 84,0 % hmot, lehkého· minerálního. oleje, 10,0 °/o hmot, směsi řepkového oleje, parafínového oleje a palmového oleje, 5,0 % hmot, emulgátoru, 0Ό5 °/o hmot, baktericidního prostředku a 0,5 % hmot, sulfonátu vyššího alifatického alkoholu. 95 dílů hmotnostních emulze bylo· smícháno s 5,0 díly· hmotnostními bentonitu.Like ; the coolant and lubricant paste was made an emulsion containing water, coolant and lubricating oil in a ratio of 1: 1. Cooling and lubricating oil consists of 84.0% by weight of light mineral. oil, 10.0% w / w, a mixture of rapeseed oil, paraffin oil and palm oil, 5.0% w / w, emulsifier, 0-5% w / w, bactericidal agent and 0.5% w / w aliphatic alcohol sulfonate. 95 parts by weight of the emulsion were mixed with 5.0 parts by weight of bentonite.
Touto pastou byla deska zpracována bez fosfátování a potom byla hlubokotažena, jak je uvedeno shora. Získala so nádobka s rovnoměrnou tloušťkou stěny a hladkým povrchem.With this paste, the plate was processed without phosphating and then deep-drawn as above. A container with a uniform wall thickness and a smooth surface was obtained.
Příklad 2Example 2
Vířivou frézou byl vysoustružen kulový závit následujících technických parametrů:A spiral thread of the following technical parameters was turned by a whirl cutter:
Závit:Thread:
stoupání 20 mm délka 190 mm vnější průměr 0 28 h 11 hloubka 2,6 mm kužel 0 7 mm.pitch 20 mm length 190 mm outside diameter 0 28 h 11 depth 2.6 mm cone 0 7 mm.
Soustružení:Turning:
řezná rychlost 300 m/min soustružení 5 min.cutting speed 300 m / min turning 5 min.
nástroj: soustružnický nůž s břitem ze slinutého karbidu základní surovina: ocel normalizovaná na 660 až 800 N/mm2 (Ra = 2,5 μ).tool: turning tool with cemented carbide blade basic material: steel standardized to 660 to 800 N / mm 2 (R a = 2.5 μ).
Požadovaná kvalita povrchu je Ra = 2,5 μ. Pro tento proces byla jako chladicí a mazací prostředek použita koncentrovaná kapalina pro frézování závitů na bázi silikonu. Životnost nástroje byla 2 hodiny a bylo možno konstatovat velmi silný vývoj plynů. S ohledem na koncentrovaný prostředek vznikala na kůži ekzematická onemocnění. Zdraví škodlivý účinek bylo možno zmírnit například zředěním kapaliny, ale tím se současně zkrátila i životnost nástroje.The required surface quality is R a = 2.5 μ. For this process, a concentrated silicone thread milling fluid was used as a coolant and lubricant. The tool life was 2 hours and a very strong gas evolution was observed. With regard to the concentrated agent, eczematic diseases developed on the skin. The harmful effect could be mitigated, for example, by diluting the liquid, but this also shortened the tool life.
Vyrobila se pasta smísením 30,0 dílů hmotnostních bentonitu, 56,0 dílů hmotnostních vody a 14,0 dílů hmotnostních silikonového· oleje. Proces byl opakován za použití této pasty, a bylo tak dosaženo zvýšení životnosti o 50 % a současné zabránění vývoje plynů a onemocnění kůže.A paste was made by mixing 30.0 parts by weight of bentonite, 56.0 parts by weight of water and 14.0 parts by weight of silicone oil. The process was repeated using this paste to achieve a 50% increase in durability while avoiding the development of gases and skin diseases.
Příklad 3Example 3
Pro stejné soustružení jako v příkladu 2 byla použita pasta z chladicího a mazacího oleje, popsaného v příkladu 1, sestávající ze 13,0 dílů hmotnostních bentonitu, 45,0 dílů hmotnostních vody a 42,0 dílů hmotnostních shora zmíněného oleje. S touto pastou byly dosaženy stejné výsledky jako; v příkladu 2.For the same turning as in Example 2, the cooling and lubricating oil paste described in Example 1 was used, consisting of 13.0 parts by weight of bentonite, 45.0 parts by weight of water and 42.0 parts by weight of the aforementioned oil. The same results were obtained with this paste as; in Example 2.
Potom byla zjišťována závislost účinku množství vody, bentonitu a oleje a bylo kom236 * statováno, že zvýšení obsahu oleje vede ke zlepšení kvality povrchu, toto zlepšení není ale značné a při obsahu oleje nad 50,0 % * hmot, nijak významné. Zvýšení obsahu vody vede k několikaprocentnímu zvýšení životnosti, avšak při obsahu nad 60 °/o hmot, poškozuje kvalitu povrchu. Snížení obsahu bentonitu pod 5,0 % hmot, se ukázalo být neúčinné. Při soustružení závitů, analogicky jako v příkladu 2, se základními surovinami s velkou pevností, bylo nalezeno nejpříznivější prodloužení životnosti při obsahu bentonitu maximálně 30 % hmot.The effect of the amount of water, bentonite and oil was then determined and it was stated that the increase in the oil content leads to an improvement in the surface quality, but this improvement is not significant and not significant at an oil content above 50.0%. Increasing the water content leads to a several percent increase in the service life, but at a content above 60% by weight, it damages the surface quality. Reducing the bentonite content below 5.0% by weight has proven ineffective. When turning threads, as in Example 2, with high strength base raw materials, the most favorable lifetime extension was found at a bentonite content of not more than 30% by weight.
Příklad 4Example 4
Do pasty pro hluboké tažení jako v příkladu 1 byl jako- přísada vmíchán stearát vápenatý. Pastou, která obsahovala 44,5 % hmot, vody, 44,5 % hmot, oleje uvedeného v příkladu 1 a 5,0 % hmot, bentonitu a 6,0 procent hmot, stearátu vápenatého. Byla zpracována bez fosfátování deska a po- hlubokém tažení byl získán hrnec s dokonale hladkým povrchem. Kvalita povrchu byla dokonce vyšší než v příkladu 1. Stejný účinek byl dosažen i s grafitem a se sírou.Calcium stearate was mixed into the deep drawing paste as in Example 1. A paste containing 44.5% by weight of water, 44.5% by weight of the oil of Example 1 and 5.0% by weight of bentonite and 6.0% by weight of calcium stearate. It was processed without phosphating the plate and deep drawing to obtain a pot with a perfectly smooth surface. The surface quality was even higher than in Example 1. The same effect was achieved with graphite and sulfur.
Příklad 5Example 5
Účinek stearátů byl zjišťován i při obrábění za odběru třísek. Bylo- provedeno soustružení závitů analogicky jako v příkladu 2, přičemž základní surovinou byla ocel s pevností vyšší o 100 až 150 N/mm2. Zde se životnost může při obsahu 1 % hmot, stearátu prodloužit o 5 až 8 %, přičemž prodloužení životnosti se může dále zvýšit až na 10 %. Při obsahu -stearátu nad 10 % hmot, se již účinnost dále -nezvyšuje.The effect of stearates was also measured during chip removal. Thread turning was carried out analogously to Example 2, the basic raw material being a steel with a strength of 100 to 150 N / mm 2 higher. Here, the service life can be extended by 5 to 8% at a content of 1% by weight of the stearate, and the service life extension can be further increased up to 10%. With a content of stearate above 10% by weight, the efficiency is no longer increased.
Tyto- výsledky lze dosáhnout s různými stearáty nebo jejich směsmi.These results can be achieved with various stearates or mixtures thereof.
Příklad 6Example 6
Jak bylo dříve popsáno, spočívá -velký pro-As previously described, a large
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
HU812314A HU185944B (en) | 1981-08-11 | 1981-08-11 | Process for production of new /4-/diaril-metiliden-piperidino/-alkil-pirimidinone derivatives |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CS236678B2 true CS236678B2 (en) | 1985-05-15 |
Family
ID=10958794
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CS825935A CS236678B2 (en) | 1981-08-11 | 1982-08-10 | Cooling and lubricating paste for metal working and theier cold pressing |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT382883B (en) |
CS (1) | CS236678B2 (en) |
DD (1) | DD202587A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3229159A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2511391B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2108148B (en) |
HU (1) | HU185944B (en) |
PL (1) | PL140001B1 (en) |
RO (1) | RO86699B (en) |
SU (1) | SU1503684A3 (en) |
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US5693596A (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1997-12-02 | Shin-Etsu Handotai Co., Ltd. | Cutting fluid, method for production thereof, and method for cutting ingot |
CN1328361C (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2007-07-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing water base extreme pressure lubricating liquid |
DE102009010757A1 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-09-10 | F & B Gmbh Feuerschutz & Baustofftechnik | Lubricants and lubricants |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US1517577A (en) * | 1921-04-29 | 1924-12-02 | Olsson Zacharias | Lubricant |
US1739631A (en) * | 1924-03-28 | 1929-12-17 | Silica Products Co | Lubricating composition |
GB543253A (en) * | 1940-07-05 | 1942-02-17 | Harold Albert Hadleigh Crowthe | Improvements in or relating to the drawing of metals |
US2732348A (en) * | 1952-02-15 | 1956-01-24 | Oil-in-water metalworking lubricant | |
US2947692A (en) * | 1956-11-09 | 1960-08-02 | Standard Oil Co | Metal drawing lubricant |
US3801504A (en) * | 1971-03-22 | 1974-04-02 | Texaco Inc | Non-flammable water based hot forging lubricating compositions |
CA991391A (en) * | 1972-05-05 | 1976-06-22 | John R. Le Blanc | Clay and drilling muds and process for preparing same |
JPS547509B2 (en) * | 1974-05-13 | 1979-04-07 |
-
1981
- 1981-08-11 HU HU812314A patent/HU185944B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1982
- 1982-07-30 AT AT0294482A patent/AT382883B/en active
- 1982-08-04 DE DE19823229159 patent/DE3229159A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-08-09 FR FR8213851A patent/FR2511391B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-08-09 PL PL1982237835A patent/PL140001B1/en unknown
- 1982-08-10 CS CS825935A patent/CS236678B2/en unknown
- 1982-08-10 SU SU823473780A patent/SU1503684A3/en active
- 1982-08-10 GB GB08223019A patent/GB2108148B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-08-11 DD DD82242430A patent/DD202587A5/en unknown
- 1982-08-11 RO RO108421A patent/RO86699B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AT382883B (en) | 1987-04-27 |
GB2108148B (en) | 1985-02-06 |
PL237835A1 (en) | 1983-04-25 |
HU185944B (en) | 1985-04-28 |
RO86699A (en) | 1985-04-17 |
PL140001B1 (en) | 1987-03-31 |
FR2511391A1 (en) | 1983-02-18 |
GB2108148A (en) | 1983-05-11 |
DD202587A5 (en) | 1983-09-21 |
DE3229159A1 (en) | 1983-03-03 |
FR2511391B1 (en) | 1986-09-26 |
SU1503684A3 (en) | 1989-08-23 |
ATA294482A (en) | 1986-09-15 |
RO86699B (en) | 1985-05-02 |
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