US1739631A - Lubricating composition - Google Patents

Lubricating composition Download PDF

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Publication number
US1739631A
US1739631A US702581A US70258124A US1739631A US 1739631 A US1739631 A US 1739631A US 702581 A US702581 A US 702581A US 70258124 A US70258124 A US 70258124A US 1739631 A US1739631 A US 1739631A
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Prior art keywords
bentonite
oil
water
lubricating
graphite
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Expired - Lifetime
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US702581A
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Cross Roy
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SILICA PRODUCTS CO
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SILICA PRODUCTS CO
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M5/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/102—Silicates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/102—Silicates
    • C10M2201/103—Clays; Mica; Zeolites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/402—Castor oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/12—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, biopolymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/08—Groups 4 or 14
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/02—Bearings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S106/00—Compositions: coating or plastic
    • Y10S106/04—Bentonite

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a lubricating composition or compositions of the general na- 5 high pressures.
  • the purpose of this invention is to provide a composition which is not susceptible to temperature change, has a high specific heat and has other desirable properties as to consistency.
  • Texaco heavy lubricating oil which has a specific gravity of 0.927, a Baum gravity of 2 1'.1,cold test of 21 F., a
  • a similar oil may be made from the crude oils near Laredo, Texas, or from the northern fields of California in and around Bakersfield. These oils have a very high viscosity, at the same time have a very low cold test and are practically free from wax.
  • tallic soap a specical hydrous silicate of water to be present on account of its high alumina known as bentonite and distilled .water. Graphite may or may not be'added.
  • Percent Texaco heavy lubricating oil (20 cold test) 50 Aluminum oleate (powdered) 3v Graphite (flake) or mica 3 Bentonite 4 Distilled water 40
  • This formula is compounded by first heating the lubricating oil to a temperature of 400 F. more or less, then slowly add the aluminum oleate while heating and stirring and continuing the heating until the alumlnum oleate is com letely dissolved as indicated by the absence 0 sediment and the clarity of the solution.
  • Graphite is now added to this, stirring in thoroughly until the solution is cool.
  • the bentonite is now mixed with water in the proportion of one part to ten parts.
  • a good grade of'bentonite or one capable of jelling readily should be used such as may be obtained from the deposit near Ardmore, So. Dak, from near New Castle, Wyo., or Death Valley, Galit, and other localities.
  • This bentonite should have a water absorption and form a gel with water in the proportion of one part of bentonite to twenty parts of water.
  • the water gel of the bentonite is now thoroughly mixed withthe solution of aluminum oleate in ,the lubricat ing oil. When thoroughly stirred, a highly viscous grease is obtained which is ideal for a thread cutting compound and for all lubri eating purposes where a cooling effect is desired.
  • the same proportion of lubricating oil, aluminum oleate and graphite- may be used while the proportion of bentonite relative to the water content may be considerably increased.
  • Any high viscosity, low cold test lubricating oil or castor oil may be usedinstead of the Texaco oil.
  • Any other metallic soap such as oleates, stearates or-palmitates of ma esium, calcium, aluminum, zinc, copper, ead .or other metals may be used. Copper oleate is particularly good in making an emulsion but ordinarily, aluminum oleate is satisfactory.
  • mica is a very satisfactory solid lubricant.
  • organic gums may be used but in this case, preservatives are required.
  • a material for lubricating urposes consisting of a petroleum oil jellie by dissolved metallic soap to which has been added a solid lubricant and a water jelly of hydrated bentonite.
  • a material for lubricating purposes consistin of a petroleum oil jellied by dissolved metal ic soap to which has been added a graphite and a bentonite gelatinized with water.

Description

Patented Dec; 17,1929
UNITED STATES PATENT; OFFICE ROY CROSS, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR, vIBY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO SILICA PRODUCTS 00., O1. KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE LUBRICATING COMPOSITION No Drawing.
This invention relates to a lubricating composition or compositions of the general na- 5 high pressures.
In ordinarygrease, used for lubrication, there is a tendency for it to become too hard for satisfactory use under certain Conditions such as very cold weather or too soft in very warm weather or when the friction of the bearings has caused the heating of the grease.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a composition which is not susceptible to temperature change, has a high specific heat and has other desirable properties as to consistency.
It more specifically relates to the compounding of very low cold test, high viscosity lubricating oils of the nature of those made from the Texas Gulf coast oils, those made by the polymerizatiori by aluminum chloride of unsaturated hydrocarbons or from castor oil-and with metallic soaps to form a lubrieating jelly. To this material may be added flake graphite which has-the property of preventing the actual contacting of two metal surfaces under very high pressures suchas gears and higlnpressure screws. A
satisfactory lubricating oil for this purpose is one known as Texaco heavy lubricating oil which has a specific gravity of 0.927, a Baum gravity of 2 1'.1,cold test of 21 F., a
flash point of 360 F., fire test of 420 F 'and a Saybolt viscocity at 70 F. of 1835.
A similar oil may be made from the crude oils near Laredo, Texas, or from the northern fields of California in and around Bakersfield. These oils have a very high viscosity, at the same time have a very low cold test and are practically free from wax.
Theaddition of metallicsoap such as aluminum oleate gives a gelatinous condition to the oil at high temperatures so that graphite, mica or other solid lubricants do not settle out At the same time,the low cold test of 20 below zero prevents the oil'from becomingstiflt'ior solid above that temperature so that when such acompound of grease is used in a transmission box, no material resistance is encountered in shifting gears or in trans- Application filed March 28, 1924. Serial No. 702,581.
mitting the power. Furthermore, the graphite is always kept in a suspended condition so that it is always placed on the bearing surfaces. I
For certain lubricating purposes, such as the cuttingof threads, it is desirable for "tallic soap, a specical hydrous silicate of water to be present on account of its high alumina known as bentonite and distilled .water. Graphite may or may not be'added.
A typical mixture which has been used with success is as follows:
Percent Texaco heavy lubricating oil (20 cold test) 50 Aluminum oleate (powdered) 3v Graphite (flake) or mica 3 Bentonite 4 Distilled water 40 This formula is compounded by first heating the lubricating oil to a temperature of 400 F. more or less, then slowly add the aluminum oleate while heating and stirring and continuing the heating until the alumlnum oleate is com letely dissolved as indicated by the absence 0 sediment and the clarity of the solution. Graphite is now added to this, stirring in thoroughly until the solution is cool. The bentonite is now mixed with water in the proportion of one part to ten parts. For this purpose, a good grade of'bentonite or one capable of jelling readily should be used such as may be obtained from the deposit near Ardmore, So. Dak, from near New Castle, Wyo., or Death Valley, Galit, and other localities. This bentonite should have a water absorption and form a gel with water in the proportion of one part of bentonite to twenty parts of water. The water gel of the bentonite is now thoroughly mixed withthe solution of aluminum oleate in ,the lubricat ing oil. When thoroughly stirred, a highly viscous grease is obtained which is ideal for a thread cutting compound and for all lubri eating purposes where a cooling effect is desired. For the plain gear lubricant, the same proportion of lubricating oil, aluminum oleate and graphite-may be used while the proportion of bentonite relative to the water content may be considerably increased. Any high viscosity, low cold test lubricating oil or castor oil may be usedinstead of the Texaco oil. Any other metallic soap such as oleates, stearates or-palmitates of ma esium, calcium, aluminum, zinc, copper, ead .or other metals may be used. Copper oleate is particularly good in making an emulsion but ordinarily, aluminum oleate is satisfactory. Instead ofgraphite, mica is a very satisfactory solid lubricant. Instead of bentonite in certain cases, organic gums may be used but in this case, preservatives are required. L
What I clalm is:
1. A material for lubricating urposes consisting of a petroleum oil jellie by dissolved metallic soap to which has been added a solid lubricant and a water jelly of hydrated bentonite.
2. A material for lubricating purposes consistin of a petroleum oil jellied by dissolved metal ic soap to which has been added a graphite and a bentonite gelatinized with water.
ROY GROSS.
US702581A 1924-03-28 1924-03-28 Lubricating composition Expired - Lifetime US1739631A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2490949A (en) * 1947-10-16 1949-12-13 Lorenzo Joseph P De Pipe-joint compound
US2926138A (en) * 1954-09-17 1960-02-23 Andre P Huet Forging paste
US2947692A (en) * 1956-11-09 1960-08-02 Standard Oil Co Metal drawing lubricant
US3816086A (en) * 1971-09-29 1974-06-11 Gen Electric Abrading mixture
US3961511A (en) * 1975-01-09 1976-06-08 Wolfe John W Metal drawing mixture
FR2511391A1 (en) * 1981-08-11 1983-02-18 Csepeli Autogyar COOLING AND LUBRICATION PREPARATIONS FOR TREATING METALS AND OTHER MATERIALS, AND METHOD FOR IMPROVING COOLING AND LUBRICATION FLUIDS
US5236628A (en) * 1991-02-27 1993-08-17 Metallon Engineered Materials Corporation Noble metal and solid-phase lubricant composition and electrically conductive interconnector
WO1994013760A2 (en) * 1992-12-01 1994-06-23 A.W. Chesterton Company Malleable packing

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2490949A (en) * 1947-10-16 1949-12-13 Lorenzo Joseph P De Pipe-joint compound
US2926138A (en) * 1954-09-17 1960-02-23 Andre P Huet Forging paste
US2947692A (en) * 1956-11-09 1960-08-02 Standard Oil Co Metal drawing lubricant
US3816086A (en) * 1971-09-29 1974-06-11 Gen Electric Abrading mixture
US3961511A (en) * 1975-01-09 1976-06-08 Wolfe John W Metal drawing mixture
FR2511391A1 (en) * 1981-08-11 1983-02-18 Csepeli Autogyar COOLING AND LUBRICATION PREPARATIONS FOR TREATING METALS AND OTHER MATERIALS, AND METHOD FOR IMPROVING COOLING AND LUBRICATION FLUIDS
US5236628A (en) * 1991-02-27 1993-08-17 Metallon Engineered Materials Corporation Noble metal and solid-phase lubricant composition and electrically conductive interconnector
US5316507A (en) * 1991-02-27 1994-05-31 Metallon Engineered Materials Corporation Nobel metal and solid-phase lubricant composition and electrically conductive interconnector
WO1994013760A2 (en) * 1992-12-01 1994-06-23 A.W. Chesterton Company Malleable packing
WO1994013760A3 (en) * 1992-12-01 1994-11-10 Chesterton A W Co Malleable packing

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