JPS5821489A - Lubricant for cold working or hot-cold working of metallic tube - Google Patents
Lubricant for cold working or hot-cold working of metallic tubeInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5821489A JPS5821489A JP11991281A JP11991281A JPS5821489A JP S5821489 A JPS5821489 A JP S5821489A JP 11991281 A JP11991281 A JP 11991281A JP 11991281 A JP11991281 A JP 11991281A JP S5821489 A JPS5821489 A JP S5821489A
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lubricant
- dispersant
- cold working
- hydrogen carbonate
- bicarbonate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
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Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は金属管の冷間乃至温間加工用潤滑剤に関し、詳
細には炭酸水素塩を主成分としこれに適量の分散剤と界
面活性剤、或いは更に金属石けんや黒鉛等の固形潤滑剤
を配合してなる水分散液に謁するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a lubricant for cold to warm processing of metal pipes, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a lubricant for cold to warm processing of metal pipes, and more specifically, a lubricant containing hydrogen carbonate as a main component and an appropriate amount of a dispersant and a surfactant, or further containing a metal soap or a surfactant. It is used in an aqueous dispersion containing a solid lubricant such as graphite.
鋼管をはじめとする種々の金属管を、冷間乃至温間で圧
延、鍛造、押出し、抽伸加工等の加工に付す場合、加工
製品の品質向上及び工具の摩耗抑制(焼付防止)を期し
て覆々の潤滑剤が用いられている。しかしながら公知の
潤滑剤は、潤滑性能、加工後の除去容易性及び廃液の低
公害性等のすべてを満足するものとは言い難い。When various types of metal pipes, including steel pipes, are subjected to cold or warm processing such as rolling, forging, extrusion, drawing, etc., it is necessary to cover them in order to improve the quality of processed products and suppress tool wear (prevention of seizure). Various lubricants are used. However, the known lubricants cannot be said to satisfy all of the requirements such as lubrication performance, ease of removal after processing, and low pollution of waste fluid.
例えば比較的軽度の加工に用いられる潤滑剤としては金
属石けん、勅命植物油、鉱油、塑性加工油(極圧添加剤
含有)等がそのまま利用されているが、加工度が高くな
ると被加工管と工具との金属接触領域が増加し、工具及
び製品の損傷が著しくなる。この様な障害を防止する目
的で、管材の表面に予め化成被膜を形成すると共に化成
金属石けん被膜剤によって潤滑性を高めることが従来よ
り行なわれている。上記化成被膜としては燐酸塩被膜(
普通鋼や低合金鋼)、ふつ化アル電ニウム被膜(IAj
) 、蓚酸塩波IE(ステンレス鋼)等が知られている
。この方法であれば被加工管と化成金属石けん被膜の間
に化成被膜が介装され、これらが夫々化学的に一体化さ
れているから、潤滑被膜は極めて強固な密着性を示し、
加工率を高めたときでも十分な潤滑機能を発揮する。し
かしながらこの手段には加工温度が高くなるにつれて潤
滑効果が低下するという問題がある。例えば燐酸塩被膜
に化成金属石けん被膜を施したものでは、350℃・付
近で潤滑効果を殆んど喪失してしまう。しかも化学反応
型の潤滑剤であるから処理液の管理が面倒であり、且つ
その寿命が短い為に廃液処理を頻繁に行なう必要があっ
て経済性に問題があると共に公害発生の原因となること
もある。加えて上記の潤滑被膜は密着性が良好でありす
ぎる為に加工後の製品から該被膜を除去することが困難
であるという問題もある。For example, metal soap, designated vegetable oil, mineral oil, plastic working oil (containing extreme pressure additives), etc. are used as lubricants for relatively light machining, but when the degree of machining increases, the workpiece tube and tool The area of metal contact with the metal increases and damage to the tool and product becomes significant. In order to prevent such troubles, it has been conventional practice to form a chemical conversion film on the surface of the pipe material in advance and to improve lubricity with a chemical metal soap coating agent. The above chemical conversion coating is a phosphate coating (
common steel and low alloy steel), aluminum fluoride coating (IAj
), oxalate wave IE (stainless steel), etc. are known. With this method, a chemical coating is interposed between the pipe to be processed and the chemical metal soap coating, and since these are chemically integrated, the lubricating coating exhibits extremely strong adhesion.
Demonstrates sufficient lubrication function even when machining rates are increased. However, this method has the problem that the lubricating effect decreases as the processing temperature increases. For example, a chemical metal soap coating applied to a phosphate coating loses most of its lubricating effect at around 350°C. Moreover, since it is a chemically reactive lubricant, managing the treatment liquid is troublesome, and its short lifespan requires frequent treatment of waste liquid, which poses economic problems and causes pollution. There is also. In addition, since the above-mentioned lubricating coating has too good adhesion, there is also the problem that it is difficult to remove the coating from the processed product.
従って高加工率で且つ冷間はもとより温間加工において
も優れた潤滑作用を示し、しかも潤滑液の取り扱いが容
易で加工後は簡単Iコ除去することができ、廃液公害を
生じない様な潤滑剤の開発が望まれる。Therefore, it has a high machining rate and exhibits an excellent lubrication effect in both cold and warm machining.Moreover, the lubricating fluid is easy to handle and can be easily removed after machining, making it possible to provide lubrication that does not cause waste fluid pollution. Development of new agents is desired.
本発明者等は上記の様な事情に着目し、前述の如き要求
を全て満足し得る様な潤滑剤の開発を期して研究を進め
てきた。その結果、この種の潤滑剤成分として、・これ
までに使用されたことのない炭酸水素塩を主成分とし、
これに少量の分散剤と界面活性剤或はこれらと共に適量
の固形潤滑剤を配合した水分散液は、上記の目的にかな
う優れた潤滑剤となることを知り、弦に本発明を完成し
た。The present inventors have focused on the above-mentioned circumstances and have conducted research with the aim of developing a lubricant that can satisfy all of the above-mentioned requirements. As a result, as a lubricant component of this type, the main component is hydrogen carbonate, which has never been used before.
We found that an aqueous dispersion containing a small amount of a dispersant and a surfactant, or a suitable amount of a solid lubricant together with these, becomes an excellent lubricant that meets the above objectives, and completed the present invention for strings.
即ち本発明に係る金属管の冷間乃至温間加工用潤滑剤の
構成とは、炭酸水素塩:5〜55%(重量−:以下同じ
)、分散剤:0.1〜1.0%並びに界面活性剤:1〜
2%を含み、或はこれらの他12哄以下の金属石けん及
び/若しくは黒鉛を含む水分散液からなるところに要旨
が存在する。That is, the composition of the lubricant for cold to warm working of metal pipes according to the present invention is hydrogen carbonate: 5 to 55% (weight: the same below), dispersant: 0.1 to 1.0%, and Surfactant: 1~
The gist is that it consists of an aqueous dispersion containing 2% of metal soap and/or graphite, or in addition to these, 12 volumes or less.
前述の如〈従来の金属管加工用潤濯剤は、低加工率の場
合はともかく高加工率になると概して十分な潤滑作用を
示さず、しかも加工温度が高くなると潤滑効果は極端に
低下する。ところが本発明者等が多数の物質について高
圧下に勿ける潤滑性能を調べたところ、炭酸水素ナトリ
ウムや炭酸水素カリウム等の炭酸水素塩は、高圧下にお
いても極めて良好な潤滑被膜を形成することが確認され
た。しかもこの潤滑被膜は、冷間加工はもとより約40
0℃程度の温度が加わる温間加工条件下においても安定
であり、高い潤滑機能を維持することが分かった。その
結果加工時の焼付き等が防止され、製品の表両性状を高
めると共に工具の寿命も延長することができる。しかも
上記の潤滑被膜は加工品の表面から簡単に除去すること
ができると共に、廃液公害等の問題も殆んど起こさない
ことが確認された。しかしながら炭酸水素塩は固形物で
あり、そのま型潤滑剤として使用することは作業性等の
点で困難であるから、潤滑剤としての適正な使用形態を
整える必要がある。この点に関しては、炭酸水素塩を少
量の分散剤及び界面活性剤と共に水に分散させることに
よって容易に対処てきた。即ち炭酸水素塩の好適含有率
は追って明確にするが、潤滑剤全量に対する配合比率は
相当高く、水に対する溶解度を越えた状態で使用するこ
とが多い。従って特に工夫を加えなければ懸濁状態で使
用することになり、潤滑剤のべ定性が悪く実用上問題が
ある。しかしながらこの懸濁系に少量の分散剤及び界面
活性剤を共存させると、分散液調製時の混合・分散性が
改善されると共に調製後の分散液の安定性が向上し、更
には加工時における潤滑被膜の形成及び潤滑性自体も助
長される。殊に界面活性剤は、水と固体成分(炭酸水素
塩)との界面に作用して界面張力を低下せしめ、固体成
分を均−且つ迅速に分散させる作用がある。As mentioned above, conventional lubricants for processing metal pipes generally do not exhibit sufficient lubrication at high processing rates, even at low processing rates, and furthermore, as the processing temperature increases, the lubricating effect is extremely reduced. However, when the present inventors investigated the lubricating performance of a number of substances under high pressure, they found that hydrogen carbonates such as sodium hydrogen carbonate and potassium hydrogen carbonate form extremely good lubricating films even under high pressure. confirmed. Moreover, this lubricating film is not only applied during cold working, but also
It was found that it is stable even under warm working conditions where temperatures of about 0°C are applied and maintains high lubrication function. As a result, it is possible to prevent seizure during machining, improve the surface and surface properties of the product, and extend the life of the tool. Moreover, it has been confirmed that the above-mentioned lubricating film can be easily removed from the surface of the processed product and hardly causes problems such as waste liquid pollution. However, since hydrogen carbonate is a solid substance, it is difficult to use it directly as a lubricant in terms of workability and the like, so it is necessary to find an appropriate form of use as a lubricant. This point has been easily addressed by dispersing bicarbonate in water with small amounts of dispersants and surfactants. That is, although the preferred content of hydrogen carbonate will be clarified later, its blending ratio with respect to the total amount of the lubricant is quite high, and it is often used in a state exceeding its solubility in water. Therefore, unless special measures are taken, the lubricant must be used in a suspended state, and the lubricant has poor stability, which poses a practical problem. However, when a small amount of a dispersant and a surfactant are coexisting in this suspension system, the mixing and dispersibility during the preparation of the dispersion are improved, the stability of the prepared dispersion is also improved, and furthermore, during processing. The formation of a lubricating film and the lubricity itself are also promoted. In particular, surfactants act on the interface between water and solid components (bicarbonate) to lower the interfacial tension and have the effect of uniformly and rapidly dispersing the solid components.
但し界面活性剤は分散液の発泡を促がし、これは加工時
に種々の問題(II滑剤の付着不良や付着むら等)を起
こすので必要最小限に抑えるべきである。この様な作用
を発揮する界面活性剤としては種々のものがあるが、予
備実験によって確認した最も好ましい界面活性剤は、脂
肪酸モノエタノールアミドや脂肪酸ジェタノールアミド
等の脂肪酸アミン石けんであった。However, the surfactant promotes foaming of the dispersion, which causes various problems during processing (poor adhesion of II lubricant, uneven adhesion, etc.), so it should be kept to a necessary minimum. Although there are various surfactants that exhibit such an effect, the most preferred surfactants confirmed through preliminary experiments were fatty acid amine soaps such as fatty acid monoethanolamide and fatty acid jetanolamide.
また分散剤は、分散液の安定性を高める作用があり、炭
酸水素塩の沈降防止剤として不可欠の成分である。しか
しながら多すぎると分散液の流動性が低下し、潤滑面に
均一に付着させることが困難になるので、やはり必要最
小限に抑えるべきである、この様な作用を発揮する分散
剤も種々考えられるが、予備実験で確認した最適の分散
剤は、線状多糖類、珪酸塩類、脂肪酸金属塩等であった
。Further, the dispersant has the effect of increasing the stability of the dispersion liquid, and is an essential component as an anti-settling agent for bicarbonate. However, if the amount is too high, the fluidity of the dispersion will decrease and it will be difficult to apply it uniformly to the lubricated surface, so it should be kept to the minimum necessary.There are various dispersants that can have this effect. However, the optimal dispersants confirmed in preliminary experiments were linear polysaccharides, silicates, fatty acid metal salts, etc.
本発明の潤滑剤は上記3成分を必須の構成々分とし、各
配合率を適正に調整することによって目的を達成で会る
が、これに金属石けん及び/又は黒鉛よりなる固形潤滑
剤を少量配合すれば、工具新生間の保護効果が高まり、
工具の寿命を更に返長することができる。The lubricant of the present invention has the above three components as essential constituents, and achieves its purpose by appropriately adjusting the proportions of each component.Additionally, a small amount of solid lubricant made of metal soap and/or graphite is added to the lubricant of the present invention. If combined, the protection effect during tool regeneration will increase,
The tool life can be further extended.
以下本発明に怠ける必須構成4分の含有率範囲を定めた
理由を、実験経過を追って説明する。The reason why the content range of the four essential constituents that are neglected in the present invention was determined will be explained below by following the experimental progress.
まず分散剤として線状多糖類:0.2%、界面活性剤と
して脂肪酸モノエタノール:1.lを夫々走とし、炭酸
水素塩(NaHCOs及び■■S)の含有率を種々変え
た水分散液を調製し、夫々について潤滑性能を調べた。First, linear polysaccharide: 0.2% as a dispersant, fatty acid monoethanol as a surfactant: 1. Aqueous dispersions were prepared with various contents of hydrogen carbonate (NaHCOs and ■■S), and the lubrication performance of each was examined.
尚加工条件は第1表の通りとした
結果を第2表に示す
第2表
×:管材と工具の焼付舎が著しい
○:良 好
O:極めて良好
この結果から明らかな様に、少量の分散剤及び界面活性
剤と共に炭酸水素塩を含有する水分散液は、極めて良好
な潤滑性能を示す、そして炭酸水素塩の潤滑効果を有効
に発揮させる為には、分散液中に少なくとも5哄以上、
好ましくは20−以上含有させる必要がある。しかし本
実験で行なった含有率範囲内に$いては、潤滑性能に関
する限り上限は存在しなかった。但し上記実験で使用し
たもののうち、炭酸水素塩含有率が60%を越えるもの
では水分散液が分離する傾向が観察されたので、水分散
液の安定性と炭酸水素塩含有率の関係を明らかkすべく
実験を行なった。The machining conditions were as shown in Table 1, and the results are shown in Table 2. An aqueous dispersion containing bicarbonate together with a surfactant and a surfactant exhibits extremely good lubricating performance.In order to effectively exhibit the lubricating effect of bicarbonate, at least 5 liters of bicarbonate should be added to the dispersion.
Preferably, it is necessary to contain 20 or more. However, within the content range used in this experiment, there was no upper limit as far as lubricating performance was concerned. However, among those used in the above experiments, a tendency for the aqueous dispersion to separate was observed in those with a hydrogen carbonate content of over 60%, so the relationship between the stability of the aqueous dispersion and the hydrogen carbonate content was clarified. An experiment was conducted to find out.
即ち前記と同様の分散剤及び界面活性剤を使用し、これ
に5〜70−の炭酸水素塩(NmHCσ0を配合して水
分散液(m滑剤)を調製し、200時間静置した後の液
の安定性を調べた。That is, an aqueous dispersion (m lubricant) was prepared by using the same dispersant and surfactant as above and adding 5 to 70 hydrogen carbonate (NmHCσ0), and after standing for 200 hours, the liquid We investigated the stability of
結果を第3表に示す。The results are shown in Table 3.
第3表
O:優 秀・・・一様に分散〔第1図四〕0: 良
・・・下部に若干分離がみられるものの実用上問題なし
C111図(ハ)〕
Δ:問題あり・・・固形成分が上下に分離し下層部は凝
固傾向〔第1図9〕
X:不 良・・・固形成分が下部に沈澱して凝固〔第
1図(ロ)〕
上記の結果からも明らかな如く、潤滑剤の分離安定性は
炭酸水素塩濃度の低い方が良好であり、その含有率が4
5哄程度までは優秀であるが、50哄を越えると低下傾
向が現われ、55哄を越えると分離が著しくなると共に
分離した固形成分が凝固状態になり実用不能となる。し
かし55哄以下であれば若干分離傾向がみられるものの
使用時の自然攪拌で十分に再分散し得る程度であり1.
実用上問題はない。Table 3 O: Excellent...uniformly distributed [Figure 1 4] 0: Good
... Although there is some separation in the lower part, there is no practical problem (Figure C111 (c))] Δ: Problem... The solid components are separated into upper and lower parts, and the lower layer tends to solidify [Figure 1, 9] X: Poor ...The solid component precipitates at the bottom and solidifies [Figure 1 (b)] As is clear from the above results, the separation stability of the lubricant is better when the concentration of hydrogen carbonate is lower; rate is 4
It is excellent up to about 5 liters, but if it exceeds 50 liters, it tends to deteriorate, and if it exceeds 55 liters, separation becomes significant and the separated solid components become coagulated, making it impractical. However, if it is less than 55 gallons, there will be a slight tendency for separation, but it will be sufficient to redisperse by natural stirring during use.1.
There is no practical problem.
これらの実験より、潤滑性能と分離安定性を同時に満足
する為には、炭酸水素塩の含有率を5〜55%、より好
ましくは20〜45哄の範囲に設定すべきことが理解さ
れる。From these experiments, it is understood that in order to satisfy both lubrication performance and separation stability, the content of hydrogen carbonate should be set in the range of 5 to 55%, more preferably 20 to 45%.
次〈上記実験結果を基に、炭酸水素塩量を最適と思われ
る30哄に定め、且つ分散剤の含有率を0.5哄で一定
として界面活性剤の含有率を種々変えた潤滑剤を作製し
、界面活性剤量と固形成分の分散性等の関係を調べた。Next〈Based on the above experimental results, the amount of hydrogen carbonate was set at 30 liters, which is thought to be the optimum, and the lubricant was prepared with various surfactant contents while keeping the dispersant content constant at 0.5 liters. The relationship between the amount of surfactant and the dispersibility of solid components was investigated.
尚炭酸水素塩としては炭酸水素ナトリウム、分散剤とし
ては線状多糖類界面活性剤としては脂肪酸モノエタノー
ルアミドを使用した。Note that sodium hydrogen carbonate was used as the hydrogen carbonate, and fatty acid monoethanolamide was used as the dispersant and linear polysaccharide surfactant.
その結果、界面活性剤無添加では固形成分を均一に分散
させることができなかったが、1哄以上添加すると固形
成分は短時間の攪拌で容易に分離し、均一な潤滑剤を得
ることができた。しかし2哄を越えると潤滑剤の発泡が
著しくなり、使用時に潤滑剤の付着不良や潤滑むらを起
こし易くなる。As a result, it was not possible to uniformly disperse the solid components without adding a surfactant, but when more than 1 liter of surfactant was added, the solid components were easily separated with short stirring, making it possible to obtain a uniform lubricant. Ta. However, if it exceeds 2 gallons, foaming of the lubricant becomes significant, which tends to cause poor adhesion of the lubricant and uneven lubrication during use.
これらの結果より、界面活性剤の量は全潤滑剤中1〜2
哄が最適である。From these results, the amount of surfactant is 1 to 2 in the total lubricant.
Singing is the best.
次に炭酸水素塩(NaHCOs)を30%、界面活性剤
(脂肪酸モノエタノールアミド)を1.0哄一定とし、
分散剤(線状多糖類)の添加量と潤滑剤の安定性との関
係を調べた。その結果分散剤無添加では炭酸水素塩を均
一に分散させることができず、均一で安定な潤滑剤を得
ることができないが、0.1−以上の分散剤を添加すれ
ば極めて安定な均一分散液が得られることが分かった。Next, hydrogen carbonate (NaHCOs) was set at 30%, surfactant (fatty acid monoethanolamide) was set at 1.0%,
The relationship between the amount of dispersant (linear polysaccharide) added and the stability of the lubricant was investigated. As a result, if no dispersant is added, hydrogen carbonate cannot be uniformly dispersed and a uniform and stable lubricant cannot be obtained, but if a dispersant of 0.1- or more is added, extremely stable and uniform dispersion can be achieved. It was found that a liquid was obtained.
しかし分散剤の添加量が増加するにつれて分散液の流動
性が低下し、1.0%を越えると分散液がゲル状に固化
し潤滑剤として使用し得なくなる。これらの結果より、
分散剤の含有率は潤滑剤全量中0.1〜1.0哄の範・
囲に設定すべきであるという結論に達した。However, as the amount of dispersant added increases, the fluidity of the dispersion decreases, and if it exceeds 1.0%, the dispersion solidifies into a gel-like state and cannot be used as a lubricant. From these results,
The content of the dispersant is in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 liters in the total amount of lubricant.
We came to the conclusion that it should be set within the limits.
以上の実験で本発明潤滑剤の必須構成4分である炭酸水
素塩、分散剤及び界面活性剤の好適含有率範囲は一応明
確にされた。しかしながら本発明者等は上記必須成分の
うち、特に主成分となる炭酸水素塩のより好ましい含有
率範囲を明確にする為、次の実験を行なった。Through the above experiments, the preferred content ranges of hydrogen carbonate, dispersant, and surfactant, which are the four essential constituents of the lubricant of the present invention, have been clarified. However, the present inventors conducted the following experiment in order to clarify the more preferable content range of hydrogen carbonate, which is the main component, among the above-mentioned essential components.
即ち第4表に示す如く炭酸水素塩の含有率を変えた多数
の潤滑剤を調製U決々の潤滑剤について、本出願人が開
発した潤滑性能試験法(特開昭52−68493号)に
従って潤滑性能を測定した。この試験法は、例えば9J
2図(イ)〜幻に示す如く内面に潤滑剤を塗布した鋼製
短管1をダイス2内に隙間を置いて挿入配置し、上方に
載せた鋼球3をラム4によって強引に押し込んで短管1
を圧廻する。That is, as shown in Table 4, a large number of lubricants with varying hydrogen carbonate contents were prepared.U. The lubrication performance was measured. This test method uses, for example, 9J
As shown in Figure 2 (A) ~ Illustrated, a short steel tube 1 coated with lubricant on the inside is inserted into the die 2 with a gap, and the steel ball 3 placed above is forcefully pushed in by the ram 4. Short tube 1
to press around.
圧蔦された短管1の内面の性状及び鋼球3の表面性状か
ら、潤滑剤の性能を判断するもので、実際の圧蔦条件よ
りも苛酷な条件であるから潤滑剤の性能を厳格に判定す
ることができる。The performance of the lubricant is judged from the inner surface properties of the short tube 1 and the surface properties of the steel balls 3. Since the conditions are harsher than the actual conditions of the tube, the performance of the lubricant is strictly determined. can be determined.
上記の試験で得た各潤滑剤の性能(鋼管lの内面傷及び
鋼球3の表面傷)を、潤滑剤付着量及び安定性並びに実
際の圧蔦実験結果(前記第1表の条件)と共に第4表に
一括して示す。The performance of each lubricant obtained in the above tests (inner surface flaws of steel pipe 1 and surface flaws of steel ball 3), along with the lubricant adhesion amount and stability, and the actual pressure tube test results (conditions in Table 1 above) Table 4 shows them all.
尚表中の性能評価基準は下記の通りである。The performance evaluation criteria in the table are as follows.
〇−優秀 0−・・良
Δ−問題あり(表面傷がやや多い)
×−・不良(表面傷が着しく使用不能)第4表の結果よ
り次の様に考えることができる。0--Excellent 0--Good Δ--Problems (slightly many surface scratches) ×---Poor (unusable due to surface scratches) Based on the results in Table 4, the following can be considered.
■上記の胃酸な圧延試験では、炭酸水素塩の量を規定量
以上に配合した場合でも短管内面傷は殆んど現われず、
この傾向は実際の圧延試験結果と同じであるが、鋼球の
表面傷は炭酸水素塩が40哄を越えると著しくなる傾向
がみられる。鋼球の表面傷発生の有無は、実際の圧延試
験に$けるダイスの摩耗と相関性を有しており、この実
験から炭酸水素塩のより好ましい上限値は40−付近と
考えられる。tだ短管内面傷の発生状況から観察すると
、炭酸水素塩の含有率が15%から20’4に増加した
時点で「良」から「優秀」に転じてぷり、炭酸水素塩量
の好ましい下限値は20%程度と考えられる。■In the above gastric acid rolling test, even when the amount of hydrogen carbonate was added above the specified amount, almost no scratches appeared on the inner surface of the short tube.
This tendency is the same as the results of actual rolling tests, but there is a tendency for surface scratches on the steel balls to become significant when the amount of hydrogen carbonate exceeds 40 liters. The presence or absence of surface scratches on the steel ball has a correlation with the wear of the die during actual rolling tests, and from this experiment it is considered that the more preferable upper limit of the hydrogen carbonate is around 40-40. Observing the occurrence of scratches on the inner surface of the short tube, it changes from "good" to "excellent" when the bicarbonate content increases from 15% to 20'4, indicating that the preferable lower limit of the amount of bicarbonate The value is thought to be around 20%.
■上記の傾向は潤滑剤の付着量からもうかがうことがで
きる。即ち本発明の潤滑剤に詔いては、潤滑剤を付着量
が多くなるほどダイスの焼付きが著しくなる傾向が予備
実験で確認されているが、炭酸水素塩量が40−を越え
ると付着量が急激に増加しており、この点からしても、
炭酸水素塩量は40%以下が最も好ましいと考えられる
。■The above tendency can also be seen from the amount of lubricant deposited. In other words, it has been confirmed in preliminary experiments that the lubricant of the present invention tends to seize more severely as the amount of lubricant increases, but when the amount of hydrogen carbonate exceeds 40%, the amount of adhesion decreases. It is rapidly increasing, and from this point of view,
It is considered that the most preferable amount of hydrogen carbonate is 40% or less.
■潤滑剤^■のグループは、炭酸水素塩と共に炭酸塩を
併用した例であるが、この場合でも優秀な性能の潤滑剤
を得ることができる。但し炭酸水素塩の全てを炭酸塩で
置換したものは、潤滑剤の分離安定性及び潤滑機能共に
はるかに劣っていることが確認されている。The group ``Lubricant ^■'' is an example in which carbonate is used in combination with hydrogen carbonate, and even in this case, a lubricant with excellent performance can be obtained. However, it has been confirmed that when all of the hydrogen carbonate is replaced with carbonate, the separation stability and lubricating function of the lubricant are far inferior.
又別途行なった予備実験によると、前述の潤滑剤中に金
属石けん及び/又は黒鉛よりなる固形潤滑剤を少量添加
すれば潤滑性能が更に高まり、特にダイスの焼付きが減
少する傾向が認められたので、固形潤滑剤の好適含有率
を明確にすべく実験を行なった。In addition, according to preliminary experiments conducted separately, it was found that adding a small amount of solid lubricant made of metal soap and/or graphite to the above-mentioned lubricant further improved the lubrication performance, and in particular, there was a tendency to reduce die seizure. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to clarify the preferred content of the solid lubricant.
即ち第5表に示す如くNa□S1分散剤及び界面活性剤
の含有率を一定とし、固形潤滑剤(ステアリン酸カルシ
ウム又は黒鉛)の量のみを変えた潤滑剤を調製し、第4
表と同様の試験法で分離安定性及び潤滑性能を調べた。That is, as shown in Table 5, lubricants were prepared in which the contents of the Na□S1 dispersant and surfactant were kept constant and only the amount of the solid lubricant (calcium stearate or graphite) was changed.
Separation stability and lubrication performance were investigated using the same test methods as shown in the table.
結果を第5表に一括して示す。The results are summarized in Table 5.
第6表からも明らかなように、適量の金属石けん及び/
又は黒鉛を併用すると潤滑性能は更に向上する。これら
固形潤滑剤の許容添加量は、潤滑剤の安定性の点から1
2%以下であるが、潤滑性能向上効果を有効に発揮させ
る上では2〜8−の範囲が最適である。As is clear from Table 6, an appropriate amount of metal soap and/or
Or, if graphite is used in combination, the lubrication performance will be further improved. The allowable addition amount of these solid lubricants is 1 from the viewpoint of lubricant stability.
Although the content is 2% or less, a range of 2 to 8-8 is optimal in order to effectively exhibit the effect of improving lubrication performance.
ところて潤滑剤は、前記した様な分離安定性及び潤滑性
能が良好であることは勿論のこと、被加工管の耐食性を
損なわないものであることが望まれる。そこでこの点を
明確にすべて確認実験を行なった。However, it is desired that the lubricant not only have good separation stability and lubrication performance as described above, but also not impair the corrosion resistance of the pipe to be processed. Therefore, we conducted an experiment to clearly confirm this point.
下記3種類の潤滑剤を準備し、エメリー紙φ240で研
磨した鉄、鋼又は〜板(60mjx 80謹W)#c各
濶滑剤を浸漬塗布する。これを110℃で2時間放置し
た後、表面の腐食状況を観察した。Prepare the following three types of lubricants, and dip-coat each lubricant on iron, steel, or plate (60mj x 80W) #c polished with emery paper φ240. After this was left at 110° C. for 2 hours, the state of corrosion on the surface was observed.
結果を第6表に示す。The results are shown in Table 6.
潤滑剤A、、、NaHω@ : 36 %、分散剤:0
.2%、界面活性剤:1−
潤滑剤B 、、 NaHOOs : 30 %、分散剤
:0.2%、界面活性剤:1%、ステアリン駿Cm
:4悌、
潤滑剤C−N出ω$:30哄、分散剤:0.2哄、界面
活性剤:1チ、黒鉛:4−
第6表
O:腐食は全く認められない。Lubricant A, NaHω@: 36%, dispersant: 0
.. 2%, surfactant: 1-Lubricant B, NaHOOs: 30%, dispersant: 0.2%, surfactant: 1%, stearin Cm: 4, lubricant C-N output ω$: 30 liters, dispersant: 0.2 liters, surfactant: 1 liter, graphite: 4- Table 6 O: No corrosion observed at all.
0:腐食は麺んど認められない。0: No corrosion was observed in the noodles.
上記の結果からも明らかな如く、本発明の潤滑剤は被熟
理管材を腐食さぜる恐れもない。As is clear from the above results, the lubricant of the present invention has no fear of corroding the materials to be aged.
本発明な概略以上の様に構成されているが、要は主成分
として炭酸水素塩を使用し、これを適量の分散剤及び界
面活性剤と共に水に均一に分散し、或いはこれに適量の
固形潤滑剤を添加すること(より、以下化列記する如く
優れた諸特性を有する潤滑剤を提供し得ることになった
。The outline of the present invention is constructed as described above, but the key point is that hydrogen carbonate is used as the main component, and this is uniformly dispersed in water with an appropriate amount of a dispersant and a surfactant, or an appropriate amount of solid is added to this. By adding a lubricant, it became possible to provide a lubricant having various excellent properties as listed below.
■強加工条件下でも優れた性能の潤滑膜を形成するから
、幅広い加工率の範囲で有効に利用することがて會る。■It forms a lubricating film with excellent performance even under severe machining conditions, so it can be used effectively over a wide range of machining rates.
また加工時の焼付台等が激減し、加工品の品質が向上す
ると共に、加工々^の寿命も大幅に返長する。In addition, the number of printing tables and the like during processing is drastically reduced, improving the quality of processed products and significantly extending the life of the processed parts.
■熱に対して安定であり、400t:程度の加工条件で
も優れた潤滑作用を発揮するから、冷間加工はもとより
温間加工にも利用できる。■It is stable against heat and exhibits excellent lubrication even under processing conditions of about 400 tons, so it can be used not only for cold working but also for warm working.
■粘着剤等を全(使用しておらず、且つ主成分たる炭酸
水素塩は水に易溶性であるから、加工後の除去が極めて
簡単である。■Since no adhesive is used and the main component, hydrogen carbonate, is easily soluble in water, it is extremely easy to remove after processing.
■炭酸水嵩塩は一般の潤滑剤に比べて安価であるから経
済的であり、且つ無害であるから廃液公害を起こす恐れ
もない。- Carbonated water bulk salt is economical because it is cheaper than general lubricants, and since it is harmless, there is no risk of causing waste liquid pollution.
■潤滑剤は安定で変質が少なく寿命が長いから、連続加
工用としての適性も高い。■The lubricant is stable and has a long service life with little deterioration, making it highly suitable for continuous processing.
■この潤滑剤は金属管や加工(殊に圧延)に利用したと
きにその機能を最大限有効に発揮するが、金属製の板材
、棒材及び線材等の圧延や伸線加工用潤滑剤としても優
れた機能を発揮する。■This lubricant is most effective when used for metal pipes and processing (especially rolling), but it is also used as a lubricant for rolling and wire drawing of metal plates, bars, wires, etc. also exhibits excellent functionality.
第1図は潤滑剤の分離安定性試験でみられた分離状態を
示す図、第2図は潤滑剤の性能試験法を示す概略断面説
明図である。
1・・・金属短管、2・・・ダイス、3・−鋼球、4・
・・ラム。
出願人 株式会社神戸製鋼所FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a separation state observed in a lubricant separation stability test, and FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing a lubricant performance test method. 1... Short metal tube, 2... Dice, 3... Steel ball, 4...
...Rum. Applicant Kobe Steel, Ltd.
Claims (2)
1.0重量哄並びに界面活性剤:1〜2重量−を含む水
分散液よりなることを特徴とする金属管の冷間乃至温間
加工用潤滑剤。(1) Hydrogen salt: 5 to 55 weight - 1 dispersant 80.1 to
1. A lubricant for cold to warm working of metal pipes, comprising an aqueous dispersion containing 1 to 2 parts by weight of a surfactant.
1.0重量哄、界面活性剤=1〜2重量−1並びに金属
石けん及び/若しくは黒鉛:12重量哄以下を含む水分
散液よりなることを特徴とする金属管の冷間乃至温間加
工用潤滑剤。(2) Hydrogen carbonate = S~55 weight, weight agent: 0.1~
For cold to warm processing of metal pipes, comprising an aqueous dispersion containing 1.0 kg by weight, surfactant = 1 to 2 kg by weight, and metal soap and/or graphite: 12 kg by weight or less. lubricant.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11991281A JPS5830358B2 (en) | 1981-07-30 | 1981-07-30 | Lubricant for cold to warm processing of metal pipes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11991281A JPS5830358B2 (en) | 1981-07-30 | 1981-07-30 | Lubricant for cold to warm processing of metal pipes |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5821489A true JPS5821489A (en) | 1983-02-08 |
JPS5830358B2 JPS5830358B2 (en) | 1983-06-28 |
Family
ID=14773264
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP11991281A Expired JPS5830358B2 (en) | 1981-07-30 | 1981-07-30 | Lubricant for cold to warm processing of metal pipes |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5830358B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1035193A1 (en) * | 1997-10-24 | 2000-09-13 | Sadao Futahashi | Metal working water and metal working composition |
WO2001025374A1 (en) * | 1999-10-06 | 2001-04-12 | Kikuko Fukutani | Metal working fluid |
US7687443B2 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2010-03-30 | Construction Research & Technology Gmbh | Method of lubrication of conduits for cementitious slurries |
CN113857281A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2021-12-31 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Coating lubricant for cold drawing of high-temperature alloy bar and preparation and use methods thereof |
-
1981
- 1981-07-30 JP JP11991281A patent/JPS5830358B2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1035193A1 (en) * | 1997-10-24 | 2000-09-13 | Sadao Futahashi | Metal working water and metal working composition |
EP1035193A4 (en) * | 1997-10-24 | 2002-06-12 | Sadao Futahashi | Metal working water and metal working composition |
WO2001025374A1 (en) * | 1999-10-06 | 2001-04-12 | Kikuko Fukutani | Metal working fluid |
US6448207B1 (en) * | 1999-10-06 | 2002-09-10 | Kikuko Fukutani | Metal working fluid |
US7687443B2 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2010-03-30 | Construction Research & Technology Gmbh | Method of lubrication of conduits for cementitious slurries |
CN113857281A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2021-12-31 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Coating lubricant for cold drawing of high-temperature alloy bar and preparation and use methods thereof |
CN113857281B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-10-27 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Coating lubricant for cold drawing of high-temperature alloy rod and preparation and use methods thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5830358B2 (en) | 1983-06-28 |
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