CO2018008590A2 - Anticuerpos anti tgfbeta 2 - Google Patents

Anticuerpos anti tgfbeta 2

Info

Publication number
CO2018008590A2
CO2018008590A2 CONC2018/0008590A CO2018008590A CO2018008590A2 CO 2018008590 A2 CO2018008590 A2 CO 2018008590A2 CO 2018008590 A CO2018008590 A CO 2018008590A CO 2018008590 A2 CO2018008590 A2 CO 2018008590A2
Authority
CO
Colombia
Prior art keywords
antibodies
tgf
tgfbeta
human
isoforms
Prior art date
Application number
CONC2018/0008590A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Chikwendu Ibebunjo
Carsten Jacobi
Angelika Meyer
Eveline Schaadt
Anne-Ulrike Trendelenburg
Mitina Olga Vladimirovna
Original Assignee
Novartis Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=58191507&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CO2018008590(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Novartis Ag filed Critical Novartis Ag
Publication of CO2018008590A2 publication Critical patent/CO2018008590A2/es

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/18Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
    • C07K16/22Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against growth factors ; against growth regulators
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/02Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P21/00Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • A61P35/04Antineoplastic agents specific for metastasis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K2039/505Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising antibodies
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/10Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by their source of isolation or production
    • C07K2317/14Specific host cells or culture conditions, e.g. components, pH or temperature
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/30Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency
    • C07K2317/33Crossreactivity, e.g. for species or epitope, or lack of said crossreactivity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/30Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency
    • C07K2317/34Identification of a linear epitope shorter than 20 amino acid residues or of a conformational epitope defined by amino acid residues
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/50Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
    • C07K2317/55Fab or Fab'
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/50Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
    • C07K2317/56Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments variable (Fv) region, i.e. VH and/or VL
    • C07K2317/565Complementarity determining region [CDR]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/70Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
    • C07K2317/76Antagonist effect on antigen, e.g. neutralization or inhibition of binding
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/90Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by (pharmaco)kinetic aspects or by stability of the immunoglobulin
    • C07K2317/92Affinity (KD), association rate (Ka), dissociation rate (Kd) or EC50 value

Abstract

Esta invención se encuentra en el campo de los anticuerpos anti factor de crecimiento beta 2 transformante (TGF-β2). En particular, la invención proporciona anticuerpos monoclonales humanos que se unen a la isoforma TGF-β2 humana preferentemente sobre las isoformas TGF-β1 o TGF-β3 humanas.
CONC2018/0008590A 2016-02-17 2018-08-15 Anticuerpos anti tgfbeta 2 CO2018008590A2 (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201662296282P 2016-02-17 2016-02-17
PCT/IB2017/050917 WO2017141208A1 (en) 2016-02-17 2017-02-17 Tgfbeta 2 antibodies

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CO2018008590A2 true CO2018008590A2 (es) 2018-08-21

Family

ID=58191507

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CONC2018/0008590A CO2018008590A2 (es) 2016-02-17 2018-08-15 Anticuerpos anti tgfbeta 2

Country Status (21)

Country Link
US (1) US11180546B2 (es)
EP (1) EP3416982A1 (es)
JP (1) JP2019511911A (es)
KR (1) KR20180107151A (es)
CN (1) CN108699142A (es)
AU (1) AU2017219254B2 (es)
BR (1) BR112018015690A2 (es)
CA (1) CA3012294A1 (es)
CL (1) CL2018001941A1 (es)
CO (1) CO2018008590A2 (es)
CU (1) CU20180088A7 (es)
EA (1) EA201891724A1 (es)
EC (1) ECSP18064646A (es)
HK (1) HK1257455A1 (es)
IL (1) IL261065A (es)
MA (1) MA44236A (es)
MX (1) MX2018010021A (es)
PH (1) PH12018501525A1 (es)
RU (1) RU2018131123A (es)
SG (1) SG11201805941WA (es)
WO (1) WO2017141208A1 (es)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB201610044D0 (en) 2016-06-08 2016-07-20 Ucb Biopharma Sprl Antibodies
EP4007774A1 (en) 2019-08-01 2022-06-08 Vaccinex, Inc. Combined inhibition of semaphorin-4d and tgfb and compositions therefor
AU2021236660A1 (en) 2020-03-19 2022-08-18 Genentech, Inc. Isoform-selective anti-TGF-beta antibodies and methods of use
AU2022219373A1 (en) 2021-02-15 2023-08-24 Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Cell therapy compositions and methods for modulating tgf-b signaling
CN112940119B (zh) * 2021-04-26 2022-05-20 北京芳渟阳生生物科技有限公司 一种单克隆抗体及其与间充质干细胞外泌体的联合应用
WO2023201310A1 (en) 2022-04-13 2023-10-19 HCW Biologics, Inc. Multi-chain chimeric polypeptide for use in the treatment of circardian clock gene disorder
WO2023201311A1 (en) 2022-04-13 2023-10-19 HCW Biologics, Inc. Multi-chain chimeric polypeptide for use in the treatment of treating neuroinflammatory disorder

Family Cites Families (76)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4399216A (en) 1980-02-25 1983-08-16 The Trustees Of Columbia University Processes for inserting DNA into eucaryotic cells and for producing proteinaceous materials
US4634665A (en) 1980-02-25 1987-01-06 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Processes for inserting DNA into eucaryotic cells and for producing proteinaceous materials
US5179017A (en) 1980-02-25 1993-01-12 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Processes for inserting DNA into eucaryotic cells and for producing proteinaceous materials
US4475196A (en) 1981-03-06 1984-10-02 Zor Clair G Instrument for locating faults in aircraft passenger reading light and attendant call control system
US4447233A (en) 1981-04-10 1984-05-08 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Medication infusion pump
US4439196A (en) 1982-03-18 1984-03-27 Merck & Co., Inc. Osmotic drug delivery system
US4522811A (en) 1982-07-08 1985-06-11 Syntex (U.S.A.) Inc. Serial injection of muramyldipeptides and liposomes enhances the anti-infective activity of muramyldipeptides
US4447224A (en) 1982-09-20 1984-05-08 Infusaid Corporation Variable flow implantable infusion apparatus
US4487603A (en) 1982-11-26 1984-12-11 Cordis Corporation Implantable microinfusion pump system
US4486194A (en) 1983-06-08 1984-12-04 James Ferrara Therapeutic device for administering medicaments through the skin
US4596556A (en) 1985-03-25 1986-06-24 Bioject, Inc. Hypodermic injection apparatus
US5374548A (en) 1986-05-02 1994-12-20 Genentech, Inc. Methods and compositions for the attachment of proteins to liposomes using a glycophospholipid anchor
MX9203291A (es) 1985-06-26 1992-08-01 Liposome Co Inc Metodo para acoplamiento de liposomas.
GB8601597D0 (en) 1986-01-23 1986-02-26 Wilson R H Nucleotide sequences
US5225539A (en) 1986-03-27 1993-07-06 Medical Research Council Recombinant altered antibodies and methods of making altered antibodies
WO1988007089A1 (en) 1987-03-18 1988-09-22 Medical Research Council Altered antibodies
US4941880A (en) 1987-06-19 1990-07-17 Bioject, Inc. Pre-filled ampule and non-invasive hypodermic injection device assembly
US4790824A (en) 1987-06-19 1988-12-13 Bioject, Inc. Non-invasive hypodermic injection device
GB8717430D0 (en) 1987-07-23 1987-08-26 Celltech Ltd Recombinant dna product
US5677425A (en) 1987-09-04 1997-10-14 Celltech Therapeutics Limited Recombinant antibody
GB8809129D0 (en) 1988-04-18 1988-05-18 Celltech Ltd Recombinant dna methods vectors and host cells
US5571714A (en) 1988-12-22 1996-11-05 Celtrix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Monoclonal antibodies which bind both transforming growth factors β1 and β2 and methods of use
US5530101A (en) 1988-12-28 1996-06-25 Protein Design Labs, Inc. Humanized immunoglobulins
GB8905669D0 (en) 1989-03-13 1989-04-26 Celltech Ltd Modified antibodies
US5108921A (en) 1989-04-03 1992-04-28 Purdue Research Foundation Method for enhanced transmembrane transport of exogenous molecules
US5312335A (en) 1989-11-09 1994-05-17 Bioject Inc. Needleless hypodermic injection device
US5064413A (en) 1989-11-09 1991-11-12 Bioject, Inc. Needleless hypodermic injection device
US5714350A (en) 1992-03-09 1998-02-03 Protein Design Labs, Inc. Increasing antibody affinity by altering glycosylation in the immunoglobulin variable region
GB9206861D0 (en) * 1992-03-28 1992-05-13 Univ Manchester Wound healing and treatment of fibrotic disorders
US5383851A (en) 1992-07-24 1995-01-24 Bioject Inc. Needleless hypodermic injection device
DK1087013T3 (da) 1992-08-21 2009-05-11 Univ Bruxelles Immunoglobuliner uden lette kæder
US6121022A (en) 1995-04-14 2000-09-19 Genentech, Inc. Altered polypeptides with increased half-life
US5869046A (en) 1995-04-14 1999-02-09 Genentech, Inc. Altered polypeptides with increased half-life
US7368111B2 (en) 1995-10-06 2008-05-06 Cambridge Antibody Technology Limited Human antibodies specific for TGFβ2
GB9601081D0 (en) * 1995-10-06 1996-03-20 Cambridge Antibody Tech Specific binding members for human transforming growth factor beta;materials and methods
US6277375B1 (en) 1997-03-03 2001-08-21 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Immunoglobulin-like domains with increased half-lives
EP1724282B1 (en) 1997-05-21 2013-05-15 Merck Patent GmbH Method for the production of non-immunogenic proteins
PT1071700E (pt) 1998-04-20 2010-04-23 Glycart Biotechnology Ag Modificação por glicosilação de anticorpos para melhorar a citotoxicidade celular dependente de anticorpos
US6818418B1 (en) 1998-12-10 2004-11-16 Compound Therapeutics, Inc. Protein scaffolds for antibody mimics and other binding proteins
ES2694002T3 (es) 1999-01-15 2018-12-17 Genentech, Inc. Polipéptido que comprende una región Fc de IgG1 humana variante
IL129299A0 (en) 1999-03-31 2000-02-17 Mor Research Applic Ltd Monoclonal antibodies antigens and diagnosis of malignant diseases
PT1914244E (pt) 1999-04-09 2013-07-26 Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co Ltd Processo para regular a actividade de moléculas funcionais sob o ponto de vista imunológico
EP1990409A3 (en) 1999-07-20 2011-05-18 MorphoSys AG Bacteriophage
JP2001206899A (ja) 1999-11-18 2001-07-31 Japan Tobacco Inc TGF−βII型受容体に対するヒトモノクローナル抗体及びその医薬用途
CA2441903C (en) 2000-05-26 2012-07-31 National Research Council Of Canada Single-domain brain-targeting antibody fragments derived from llama antibodies
DE60139720D1 (de) 2000-06-28 2009-10-08 Glycofi Inc Verfahren für die Herstellung modifizierter Glykoproteine
US6946292B2 (en) 2000-10-06 2005-09-20 Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd. Cells producing antibody compositions with increased antibody dependent cytotoxic activity
EP1443961B1 (en) 2001-10-25 2009-05-06 Genentech, Inc. Glycoprotein compositions
IL149820A0 (en) 2002-05-23 2002-11-10 Curetech Ltd Humanized immunomodulatory monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of neoplastic disease or immunodeficiency
CN101899114A (zh) 2002-12-23 2010-12-01 惠氏公司 抗pd-1抗体及其用途
EP1874818B1 (en) 2005-04-22 2011-04-13 Eli Lilly And Company Tgf beta 1 specific antibodies
CA2970873C (en) 2005-05-09 2022-05-17 E. R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C. Human monoclonal antibodies to programmed death 1 (pd-1) and methods for treating cancer using anti-pd-1 antibodies alone or in combination with other immunotherapeutics
EP1948675B1 (en) 2005-10-25 2014-07-30 The Johns Hopkins University Methods and compositions for the treatment of marfan syndrome and associated disorders
EP3222634A1 (en) 2007-06-18 2017-09-27 Merck Sharp & Dohme B.V. Antibodies to human programmed death receptor pd-1
US20090087443A1 (en) * 2007-09-27 2009-04-02 Bartels Stephen P Pharmacological Adjunctive Treatment Associated with Glaucoma Filtration Surgery
EP2262837A4 (en) 2008-03-12 2011-04-06 Merck Sharp & Dohme PD-1 BINDING PROTEINS
KR20110074850A (ko) 2008-08-25 2011-07-04 앰플리뮨, 인크. Pd-1 길항제 및 그의 사용 방법
CA2736829C (en) 2008-09-12 2018-02-27 Isis Innovation Limited Pd-1 specific antibodies and uses thereof
AU2009296392B2 (en) 2008-09-26 2016-06-02 Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Inc. Human anti-PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 antibodies and uses therefor
SI2424895T1 (en) 2009-04-27 2018-01-31 Novartis Ag Ingredients and procedures for increasing muscle growth
WO2011066342A2 (en) 2009-11-24 2011-06-03 Amplimmune, Inc. Simultaneous inhibition of pd-l1/pd-l2
CA2791930A1 (en) 2010-03-11 2011-09-15 Kerry Louise Tyson Pd-1 antibody
US8907053B2 (en) 2010-06-25 2014-12-09 Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited Immunosuppression modulating compounds
US8800906B2 (en) 2010-12-27 2014-08-12 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Use of transforming growth factor-beta neutralizing antibodies and fusion proteins thereof in treating pain
CA2833636A1 (en) 2011-04-20 2012-10-26 Amplimmune, Inc. Antibodies and other molecules that bind b7-h1 and pd-1
KR102051014B1 (ko) * 2011-06-03 2019-12-04 조마 테크놀로지 리미티드 Tgf-베타에 특이적인 항체
AU2012288413B2 (en) 2011-07-24 2016-10-13 Curetech Ltd. Variants of humanized immunomodulatory monoclonal antibodies
EP2992017B1 (en) 2013-05-02 2020-11-18 AnaptysBio, Inc. Antibodies directed against programmed death-1 (pd-1)
JP6563906B2 (ja) 2013-05-31 2019-08-21 ソレント・セラピューティクス・インコーポレイテッドSorrento Therapeutics, Inc. Pd−1に結合する抗原結合蛋白質
WO2014209804A1 (en) 2013-06-24 2014-12-31 Biomed Valley Discoveries, Inc. Bispecific antibodies
AU2013400609B9 (en) 2013-09-13 2020-03-05 Beigene Switzerland Gmbh Anti-PD1 antibodies and their use as therapeutics and diagnostics
CR20160319A (es) 2013-12-12 2016-11-08 Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co Anticuerpo pd-1, fragmento de union al antigeno de este y uso médico de este
TWI681969B (zh) 2014-01-23 2020-01-11 美商再生元醫藥公司 針對pd-1的人類抗體
JOP20200094A1 (ar) 2014-01-24 2017-06-16 Dana Farber Cancer Inst Inc جزيئات جسم مضاد لـ pd-1 واستخداماتها
TWI693232B (zh) 2014-06-26 2020-05-11 美商宏觀基因股份有限公司 與pd-1和lag-3具有免疫反應性的共價結合的雙抗體和其使用方法
TWI595006B (zh) 2014-12-09 2017-08-11 禮納特神經系統科學公司 抗pd-1抗體類和使用彼等之方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HK1257455A1 (zh) 2019-10-18
KR20180107151A (ko) 2018-10-01
PH12018501525A1 (en) 2019-03-18
EP3416982A1 (en) 2018-12-26
JP2019511911A (ja) 2019-05-09
RU2018131123A3 (es) 2020-07-09
RU2018131123A (ru) 2020-03-17
WO2017141208A1 (en) 2017-08-24
CU20180088A7 (es) 2019-05-03
CA3012294A1 (en) 2017-08-24
ECSP18064646A (es) 2018-09-30
SG11201805941WA (en) 2018-09-27
BR112018015690A2 (pt) 2018-12-26
US20190092846A1 (en) 2019-03-28
CN108699142A (zh) 2018-10-23
CL2018001941A1 (es) 2018-09-07
MA44236A (fr) 2018-12-26
MX2018010021A (es) 2018-11-09
EA201891724A1 (ru) 2019-01-31
US11180546B2 (en) 2021-11-23
AU2017219254A1 (en) 2018-08-02
AU2017219254B2 (en) 2019-12-12
IL261065A (en) 2018-10-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CO2018008590A2 (es) Anticuerpos anti tgfbeta 2
CO2021003036A2 (es) Compuestos de anillo fusionado
CO2018003500A2 (es) Anticuerpos anti-pd-1 y composiciones
CY1124619T1 (el) Αντισωματα αντι-προ/λανθανουσας μυοστατινης και χρησεις αυτων
MA54169A (fr) Tolyles substitués utilisés en tant que fongicides
CO2021001893A2 (es) Anticuerpos anti-gdf15, composiciones y métodos de uso
CL2019003093A1 (es) Anticuerpos anti-trem2 y métodos para utilizarlos.
ECSP18005520A (es) Anticuerpos de factor xi y métodos de uso
CO2019013669A2 (es) Anticuerpos anti-garp-tgf-β
CO2020013392A2 (es) Receptores quiméricos de dll3 y métodos para su uso
BR112018012113A2 (pt) anticorpos monoclonais de ctla4 anti-humana quiméricos e humanizados e usos dos mesmo
BR112018004733A2 (pt) anticorpos do receptor de transferrina humana/ a-beta anti-humana biespecíficos e métodos de uso
BR112016002199B8 (pt) Anticorpo que se liga a um complexo de hgarp e tgf-b1 latente, composição compreendendo o mesmo, uso e linhagem celular de hibridoma
CL2017001461A1 (es) Composiciones y métodos para anticuerpos que se marcan bmp6
CL2020002540A1 (es) Anticuerpos anti-hla-g y utilización de los mismos
UY37030A (es) Anticuerpos dirigidos a cd32b y métodos de uso de los mismos
UY36942A (es) Proteínas de unión a antígeno que activan el receptor de leptina
ECSP19051912A (es) Estructura cristalina de gremlina 1 y anticuerpo inhibidor
BR112021012040A2 (pt) Molécula anti-pd-1/sirpa bifuncional
CL2021000258A1 (es) Anticuerpos anti-btn3a y su uso en el tratamiento del cáncer o trastornos infecciosos.
PE20160031A1 (es) Anticuerpos del receptor 1 de ldl oxidado similar a lectina y metodos de uso
AR101486A1 (es) Anticuerpos anti proteína similar a angiopoyetina 4 y métodos de uso
DK3723858T3 (da) Fixaxfx bispecifik antistof med fælles let kæde
AR101671A1 (es) Anticuerpos anti proteína similar a angiopoyetina-4 (angptl4) y métodos de uso
MX2020009130A (es) Anticuerpos terapéuticos anti-spla2-gib y los usos de los mismos.