CN86105911A - X射线图像摄像装置 - Google Patents

X射线图像摄像装置 Download PDF

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CN86105911A
CN86105911A CN86105911.5A CN86105911A CN86105911A CN 86105911 A CN86105911 A CN 86105911A CN 86105911 A CN86105911 A CN 86105911A CN 86105911 A CN86105911 A CN 86105911A
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CN1006439B (zh
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喜利元贞
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05GX-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
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    • A61B6/02Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03Computed tomography [CT]
    • A61B6/032Transmission computed tomography [CT]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01TMEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16Measuring radiation intensity
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01TMEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/17Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular type of detector

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Abstract

本发明涉及将单元X射线传感器,按一维或二维方式排列成阵列形的X射线传感器。其特征在于,设有对上述阵列形传感器的每一单元器件保持灵敏度数据的装置,以及根据所保持的灵敏度数据,来控制开通时间的门电路。根据本发明,如果预先设定出灵敏度数据,则在被摄体摄像的同时即可完成校正,因而在校正时不需要有演算时间,也不需要外部的校正演算电路。

Description

本发明涉及将单元X射线传感器按一维或二维方式排列成阵列形的X射线传感器。
作为对X射线透视图象等进行摄象的方法,以往采用X射线胶片法,以及将X射线图象增强器和电视摄象机结合起来对X射线图象进行磁带录象的方法等。利用X射线胶片法,为了获得可视的图象需要化费时间;而利用X射线图象增强器和电视摄象机结合的方法,在快速性方面较为优越。但是,与X射线图象的动态范围相比,由于电视摄象机的动态范围较窄,所以再生图象的质量不能充分地满足要求。因此,作为能充分满足快速性和动态范围宽度两方面要求的技术,本发明提出了利用单元X射线检测器件按一维或二维方式排列成的阵列形X射线传感器,对X射线图象加以变换后进行录象的方法。该方法由闪烁器、半导体光传感器和对比光传感器的输出脉冲进行计数的计数器组成单元X射线检测器。将这种单元器件集合成为大规模集成电路来构成阵列形X射线传感器,并将此传感器配置在X射线的显象面上。此时,由于每个单元器件对X射线的灵敏度是相互离散的,在这种状态下再生的X射线图象会产生斑点,所以需要进行灵敏度偏差的校正。在以往的X射线图象增强器和电视摄象机相结合的方法中,对X射线图象显象面的灵敏度偏差的校正。采用如下的方法,即预先将X射线的均匀照射图象加以录象,再根据其数据利用计算机对被检测体的X射线图象的录象数据进行校正运算。由于这种方法需要计算机,所以X射线图象摄象装置的整机价格较为昂贵。还存在这样的问题,即从摄象后到经灵敏度偏差校正的X射线图象的再生,因进行校正运算而需要时间。
本发明考虑到了上述情况,在采用阵列形X射线传感器的X射线摄象装置中,可不用计算机进行校正运算,也能进行灵敏度偏差的校正。
本发明问题所采用的方法是,设有对阵列形传感器的每一单元器件保持灵敏度数据的装置,以及根据所保持的灵敏度数据来控制开通时间的门电路。
灵敏度数据利用阵列形X射线传感器对X射线的均匀照射图象进行摄象而分别保持在各个单元器件中。该数据是对照度均匀的图象用各个单元器件测得的数据,因而,越是灵敏度高的单元器件其表示值愈大。当对被检测体进行摄象时,在由外部向各个单元器件输入的时间信号中,当接收到与所保持的灵敏度数据值成反比的时间信号时,有关闭的门电路。通过该门便可对X射线检测器的输出脉冲用计数器进行计数。因此,各单元器件只在与其灵敏度成反比的时间内对X射线检测脉冲进行计数,从而可进行灵敏度校正。
以下描述实施例:
图1示出本发明阵列形X射线传感器的单元器件的构成。图中D为光电二极管,S为配置在其前面的闪烁器。闪烁器S的正面面积为0.5×0.5mm。光电二极管D的受光面也具有相同的面积。光电二极管D的输出经过前置放大器PA、电平选择比较器CP、“与”门AG输入计数器K内。“与”门AG由触发器FF的复位输出来开通。计数器K的高位4位的输出可读入寄存器R内。该寄存器是保存上述灵敏度信息的装置。将计数器K的高位4位的输出作为灵敏度信息,这意味着将灵敏度分为最高、1/2、1/4、1/8四级。图中用点划线IN包围起来的一组引线为与各单元器件相连的共用外加控制信号的输入线。向a加入比较器CP中设定的基准电平,向b加入使单元器件中触发器FF、计数器K复位的复位信号。K为向寄存器R内输入读入脉冲的引线。计数器K的计数输出通过门G送至输出数据总线BS。门G由阵列形X射线传感器内的寻址电路输出的操作信号来开通。AB为寻址用的数据总线。t1~t4为加入时间信号用的引线。C为使触发器FF置位的置位信号输入引线。该置位信号通过“或”门电路OR输入触发器FF内,并使FF置位。当收集灵敏度数据时,控制电路向引线b加入脉冲,以使FF和计数器K复位。“与”门AG因为是由FF的复位输出来开通的,所以可立即开始X射线检测脉冲的计数。经过一定时间后,控制电路向引线C加入脉冲,以使FF置位。于是“与”门AG关闭,停止X射线检测脉冲的计数。控制电路再向引线K加入脉冲。这样一来,计数器K的高位4位的输出便读入寄存器R内。因而将灵敏度数据保存在寄存器R内。
当对被检测体进行X射线图象摄象时,控制电路再度向引线b输出脉冲。于是,FF和计数器K被复位。“与”门AG开通,并重新开始X射线检测脉冲的计数。控制电路则计数向引线b加入脉冲后的时间,经过t1时间后向引线t1输出脉冲,此后则按t2时间后、t3时间后等分别向引线t2、t3、t4顺序输出脉冲。u为一致检测电路,由“与”门A1~A4构成。例如,在最高灵敏度级的单元器件中,由于寄存器R的端口1有输出,若在引线t1上加入t1时间的信号,则从A1输出信号,并经“或”门电路OR向触发器FF传送脉冲,以使FF置位,于是“与”门AG关闭,该单元器件停止X射线检测脉冲的计数。在这一级的单元器件中,在寄存器R的其他端口2、3、4等上也有信号输出,但t2以后的时间信号是从t1以后输出的,因而寄存器R的2~4端口的输出状态,在此情况下完全无关。同样,例如在最低灵敏度级的单元器件中,由于只是在寄存器R的端口4上有信号输出,而且只在有t4时间信号输出时,才能使FF置位,“与”门AG关闭,停止X射线检测脉冲的计数。这样一来,X射线传感器的各单元器件,按照各自本身的灵敏度,只在适当时间对X射线检测脉冲进行计数。因此,当被检测体的摄象结束后,灵敏度偏差的校正也会同时完成。
在以上的说明中,虽然将灵敏度分为四级,但在图1的构成中,可再设一个较低的灵敏度级,使全体分为5级,对第5级(最低一级)的FF,可以不经过一致电路U,而经过“或”门电路OR直接加入t5的时间信号。
图2示出本发明的另一实施例的主要部分。与图1各部分相对应的部分注有相同的符号。此实施例将计数器K的计数倒数置入减法计数器SUB内,在被检测体的摄象时,由控制电路将一定周期的时间信号送入减法计数器SUB,以使该计数器对X射线检测脉冲一直计数到0。
在上述的第一实施例中,时间信号t1、t2等的时间比率为1∶2∶4…的一定值,但各个时间长度相当于摄象设定的曝光时间,它是按照被摄体的浓度来决定的。同样,在第二实施例中,一定周期的时间信号的周期也是按照被摄体的浓度来设定的。
采用本发明,如果预先设定出灵敏度数据,则在被摄体摄象的同时即可完成校正,因而不需要校正运算的时间,也不需要外部校正运算电路。
图1示出本发明第一实施例的单元X射线检测器件的内部构成框图。图2示出第二实施例的单元X射线检测器件的内部构成框图。

Claims (1)

  1. 本X射线图象摄象装置的构成如下所述:将X射线检测器和对其输出的X射线检测脉冲进行计数的计数器所组成的单元器排列成陈列形状,并设置对上述每一单元器件保持灵敏度数据的装置,根据该装置所保持的数据来选择由外部输入的某一时间信号的装置,以及按照所选择的时间信号可进行关闭的门电路。上述计数是通过上述门电路对X射线检测器的输出脉冲进行计数的。
CN86105911A 1985-09-02 1986-08-30 X射线图象摄像装置 Expired CN1006439B (zh)

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JP1985134818U JPH0453765Y2 (zh) 1985-09-02 1985-09-02
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100339762C (zh) * 2003-05-16 2007-09-26 佳能株式会社 放射线图像校正装置
CN102033239A (zh) * 2009-09-28 2011-04-27 同方威视技术股份有限公司 加速器x射线能量测量系统

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US7477727B1 (en) * 2006-01-26 2009-01-13 Karl Adolf Malashanko Digital X-ray image detector array
CN102781152B (zh) * 2012-08-03 2014-09-17 合肥美亚光电技术股份有限公司 一种脉冲x射线的产生方法及脉冲x射线发生装置

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100339762C (zh) * 2003-05-16 2007-09-26 佳能株式会社 放射线图像校正装置
CN102033239A (zh) * 2009-09-28 2011-04-27 同方威视技术股份有限公司 加速器x射线能量测量系统

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CN1006439B (zh) 1990-01-10
EP0219953B1 (en) 1990-08-16
KR870003677A (ko) 1987-04-18
JPH0453765Y2 (zh) 1992-12-17
EP0219953A1 (en) 1987-04-29
US4742230A (en) 1988-05-03
JPS6243499U (zh) 1987-03-16
KR890000310B1 (ko) 1989-03-13
DE3673493D1 (de) 1990-09-20

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