CN85109714A - 机动车辆中使用的制动回路 - Google Patents

机动车辆中使用的制动回路 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN85109714A
CN85109714A CN198585109714A CN85109714A CN85109714A CN 85109714 A CN85109714 A CN 85109714A CN 198585109714 A CN198585109714 A CN 198585109714A CN 85109714 A CN85109714 A CN 85109714A CN 85109714 A CN85109714 A CN 85109714A
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China
Prior art keywords
brake
wheel
valve
brake fluid
braking
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CN198585109714A
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CN85109714B (zh
Inventor
垂永泰正
小熊行雄
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Komatsu Ltd
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Komatsu Ltd
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Publication of CN85109714A publication Critical patent/CN85109714A/zh
Publication of CN85109714B publication Critical patent/CN85109714B/zh
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/24Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being gaseous
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/18Safety devices; Monitoring
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/17Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
    • B60T8/1701Braking or traction control means specially adapted for particular types of vehicles
    • B60T8/1708Braking or traction control means specially adapted for particular types of vehicles for lorries or tractor-trailer combinations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/26Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels
    • B60T8/262Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels using valves with stepped characteristics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/10Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/14Trucks; Load vehicles, Busses
    • B60Y2200/142Heavy duty trucks

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)

Abstract

为了即使当制动气主导管之一受到损坏时仍能制动机动车辆,本发明提供了一种用于车辆的制动回路,它具有四个制动液容器(它们分别连接到前、后轮的左、右制动器);一个制动液储存器(它分成左右容器,这些容器通过左右制动液主导管连接到制动液容器)和设置在导管中的四个中继阀。靠操纵左右制动阀分别控制右边和左边的中继阀的开、闭。

Description

本发明是关于一种用在机动车辆,如倾卸卡车中的制动回路。
为了保证行驶的安全,在装有轮子的机动车辆(例如倾卸卡车)中,人们业已设计和提出了各种各样类型的制动回路。
例如,迄今已为人们熟知和使用的一种制动装置,它包括用于前轮和后轮的两个独立系统,其结构使得即使两个系统中的一个受到损坏或发生故障时,另一个系统的制动回路仍能发生效用,致使车辆停住;同时还有另一种制动系统,它包括两个制动系统回路,这两个回路都适合加于前轮和后轮二者之上,它们的结构使得,如果其中一个回路受到损坏,则剩下的另一个系统回路仍能保证车辆制动,等等。
但是,前一种制动系统(它的制动回路是由于用于前轮和后轮的两个独立系统所组成)的缺点在于两个系统中有一个失效时,车辆不得不仅仅依靠加在前轮或者后轮二者之一的制动力来制动,其结果是制动能力即制动效果会大大地减小。特别是在后轮的制动回路受到损坏的场合,制动车辆时,产生前轮制动器的逐渐失灵,因而使机动车辆紧急制动发生困难。
而后一种制动系统(具有两个制动回路系统,其中每一个系统都能作用到所有的前轮和后轮上)的缺点在于当主回路受到损坏时,车辆的制动会发生困难。
本发明的目的是在于企图消除上述缺点,并为此而必须提供一种用于车辆的制动回路,该制动回路包括左右前轮各自独立的制动器和左右后轮各自独立的制动器,这些独立的前后轮制动器具有各自分别与它们相连接的制动液容器,这些制动液容器通过各自的中继阀分别连接到独立的左右制动气主导管;本发明还必须提供一个制动气储存器,其中有左右两个容器和分别连接到储存器的左右容器上,上述左右主导管。这种结构布置,使得聚集在制动空气储存器的每一个容器中的受压缩制动气体能分别送入上述中继阀。利用刹车脚踏板控制上述中继阀的开、关,能使得左右制动阀相应地开、关,从而达到车辆的制动。即使当上述主导管之一受到损坏时,也能靠前后轮上的制动器使车辆安全地制动。
根据附图和下面详细地叙述已公开的本发明最佳结构实施例,能使本领域的技术人员更清楚地看到本发明的其它目的、优点和特性。
该附图是说明本发明最佳实施例的回路示意图。
现在通过实例,参照附图对本发明作详细说明。标号1,1′是建筑工程车辆的(例如倾卸卡车等)右左前轮的制动器,2,2′是右左后轮的制动器,每个左右制动器都是独立的。前轮制动器1,1′由两根制动液导管3和3′相互连接,而后轮制动器2,2′由制动液主导管5,5′通过双向阀4,4′相互连接。由连接前轮制动器1,1′的导管3,3′出来,导管3通过制动液容器6连接到右边的制动气主导管7,而导管3′通过制动液容器6′连接到左边的制动气主导管7′。
制动气储存器8分成两个容器81和82。主导管7和7′分别连接到容器81和82
在制动气储存器8和每一个制动液容器6,6′之间设有中继阀11和11′,中继阀的开和关受紧急制动阀9通过控制空气导管10和10′的通道提供的控制空气压力来操纵。
此外,接到后轮制动器2,2′的导管5,5′通过制动液容器12和12′分别连接到上述主导管7和7′。在每一个制动液容器12,12′和制动空气储存器8之间分别设有中继阀14和14′,中继阀14和14′的开、关分别受来自紧急制动阀9(通过控制导管13和13′)的控制空气压力的操纵。
聚集在湿式储存器15中的压缩空气通过止回阀16和16′分别送入制动气储存器8中的容器81和812。储存在每个容器81和82(在制动气储存器8中)中的压缩空气通过独立的右、左制动阀18和18′(由压下刹车脚踏板17同时操纵),再分别通过导管19,19′进入中继阀11,11′,也通过双向阀20,20′分别进入中继阀14,14′,以便打开中继阀11,11′及14,14′,使得制动气储存器8中的空气通过主导管7,7′进入各个制动液容器6,6′和12,12′。结果,制动液(油)在压力作用下从制动液容器6,6′,12和12′送入前轮制动器1,1′和后轮制动器2,2′,从而使得所有前后轮制动。
另一方面,贮存在湿式储存器15中的压缩空气通过导管22和单向阀23送入储存器24,并通过导管25进入紧急制动阀,同时也通过管道26进入停车制动阀27。当减速阀28打开时,送入储存器24的压缩空气通过导管29和双向阀20,20′进入中继阀14和14′并使其打开,从而能使后轮制动器2,2′充当减速器的作用。当紧急制动阀9打开时,送入其中的压缩空气通过导管10和10′流入中继阀11,11′,14和14′,从而使得前轮制动器1,1′和后轮制动器2,2′同时受到操纵。当停车制动阀27打开时,送入其中的压缩空气流入停车制动器30并使其打开。而且,停车制动器30是负性制动器,当送入压缩空气时该制动器放松,但当停止送入压缩空气时,由于弹簧的弹力使该制动器处于制动状态。标号31,31′是保护阀,其作用是:即使当一个主导管7或7′受损坏时压缩空气仍可能通过另一主导管向制动液容器12或12′输送。
由于本发明已在上文中详细说明,而常规的制动操作是这样进行的,压下刹车脚踏板17从而打开制动阀18,18′,由此同时打开和主导管7和7′相连的中继阀11,11′和14,14′。即使当主导管7和7′之一损坏时,由制动气储存器8所提供的压缩空气仍可通过剩余的另一导管7或7′给前轮制动器1,1′和后轮制动器2,2′施加制动力,从而可使车轮制动,安全地停住车辆。此外,即使当操纵回路中出现故障时,储存在制动气储存器8中的压缩空气还能被送入中继阀11,11′和14,14′使之动作,从而使前轮制动器1,1′及后轮制动器2,2′同时起作用。因此,即使当导管之一受损坏或者部件(如阀门等)发生故障时,机动车辆仍能安全地停住,因而增加了行驶机动车辆的安全性。
应该理解,前面的描述仅仅是本发明的一个最佳实施例的说明,本发明的范围不限于此,而由附上的权利要求的范围来确定。

Claims (1)

  1. 一种机动车辆中使用的制动回路,其特征在于它包括:左右前轮各自独立的制动器(1,1′),右左后轮各自独立的制动器(2,2′),这些独立的前轮制动器(1,1′)和后轮制动器(2,2′)具有各自与其分别连接的制动液容器(6,6′,12和12′),这些制动液容器(6,6′,12和12′)通过各自的中继阀(11,11′和14,14′)分别连接到独立的右左主导管;一个制动液储存器(8),该制动液储存器具有内设的右左两个容器(81,82),上述右左制动液主导管(7,7′)分别连接到上述储存器(8)的右左容器(81,82)。上述结构安排使得贮存在每个容器(81,82)(在上述制动气储存器8内)中的压缩制动气能分别供入上述中继阀(11,11′和14,14′),操作方法是利用刹车脚踏板(17)(它能控制上述中继阀的开、闭)来控制右左制动阀(18,18′)的开、闭。
CN85109714A 1984-12-28 1985-12-27 机动车辆中使用的制动回路 Expired CN85109714B (zh)

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JP1984196808U JPH0421743Y2 (zh) 1984-12-28 1984-12-28
JP196808/1984 1984-12-28
JP196808/84 1984-12-28

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CN85109714A true CN85109714A (zh) 1986-07-23
CN85109714B CN85109714B (zh) 1988-01-27

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KR (1) KR930003317B1 (zh)
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101565052B (zh) * 2008-04-25 2011-06-08 南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 制动切换阀及其实现机车操纵状态切换的方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104401306B (zh) * 2014-12-02 2017-06-20 湘电重型装备有限公司 一种大型电动轮矿用自卸车液压制动控制集成系统
CN105151027A (zh) * 2015-10-19 2015-12-16 广西大学 一种农用拖拉机用前后气刹行车制动系统

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54125039U (zh) * 1978-02-22 1979-09-01
JPS6116192Y2 (zh) * 1978-04-07 1986-05-19

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101565052B (zh) * 2008-04-25 2011-06-08 南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 制动切换阀及其实现机车操纵状态切换的方法

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Publication number Publication date
JPH0421743Y2 (zh) 1992-05-18
KR930003317B1 (ko) 1993-04-26
KR860004770A (ko) 1986-07-14
CN85109714B (zh) 1988-01-27
JPS61113072U (zh) 1986-07-17

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