CN85108691B - 耐热和/或耐火纤维材料的生产方法及设备 - Google Patents
耐热和/或耐火纤维材料的生产方法及设备 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/04—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor
- C03B37/05—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor by projecting molten glass on a rotating body having no radial orifices
- C03B37/055—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor by projecting molten glass on a rotating body having no radial orifices by projecting onto and spinning off the outer surface of the rotating body
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/005—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture of glass-forming waste materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
- C21B2400/022—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
本发明涉及到使用由金属精炼加工时得到的液态熔渣为原材料,来生产耐热和/或耐火纤维材料的方法。按照本发明,熔渣混合炉(5)用于使基本均匀和连续的熔融料流从熔渣熔化炉(3)流入到矿物棉炉(6)。本发明同时也涉及用于实施该方法的一种设备,在该设备中,混合炉(5)上至少安装一个操纵装置(12),用于使混合炉(5)在不同的装料位置间变动,以便得到均匀和连续的熔融料流。
Description
本发明涉及一种用电炉生产耐热和/或耐火纤维材料的方法及设备。所用的原料是金属精炼过程中产生的液态熔渣。
通常所用的耐热材料是矿物棉,矿物棉是由含硅酸盐的熔融物质快速冷却而制成,使所形成的产物具有类玻璃态结构,且通常能耐受低于800℃的温度。除硅酸盐外,矿物棉还含有氧化钙、氧化铝和氧化镁。玻璃棉和岩石棉的生产工艺以及它们的特性是不同的。玻璃棉(耐热温度低于600℃)比岩石棉具有更细和更长的纤维,而玻璃棉的比重例如可能只是岩石棉的一半。对于酸性的玻璃棉,其耐热性主要受到纤维的软化或烧结的限制;而对于大多数碱性岩石棉,其耐热性则是由于它们常发生结晶化而被降低。在建筑工业,玻璃棉用于保温和隔音;而岩石棉则是工业炉及管道工程广泛使用的一种保温材料。
耐火陶瓷纤维也是具有高硅酸盐含量的纤维材料中的一种,它是由氧化铝,陶土和氧化锆制成。此种纤维的直径是几个微米而长度是2-20厘米。此外,陶瓷纤维含有大量的微孔,这样,要是能把这类孔的尺寸保持到足够小,就可部分地降低陶瓷纤维的导热性。耐火陶瓷纤维的耐热温度能够高达约1200℃,这些纤维例如可以作为各种热处理炉的内衬。
耐热和耐火纤维材料的生产通常是在冲天炉中进行,这样的生产方法普遍存在一些缺点,例如:不利于质量控制,环境问题以及作为主要燃料的焦碳的价格上涨。
此外,一般已倾向于避免长距离送料,因为那会需要大量空间,这样冲天炉就仅仅具有很小的生产能力了。在此情形下,纤维材料生产中的熔化时间即变得相当短,而使产品质量控制比较困难,容易导致不均匀的最终产品。
从目前的趋势看,用电熔炉熔化作为矿物棉的原始材料越来越受欢迎。当使用电熔炉时,在相等时间内它能比以前处理更多的给料批量,生产过程变得更为迅速,使生产成本降低,并且更易于进行产品质量控制。除以上所述外,还能够方便地调节电熔炉内的熔化的状况,但是,电熔炉的使用例如并没有消除需对送进的原料进行分批熔的状况,而为了得到优质的最终产品,必须连续地完成矿物棉的纤维分离。
按照矿物棉的要求,必须将最终产品中所含的非纤维状渣粒限制在最低程度。此外,矿物棉必须具有足够的强度,得以经受包装操作而无断裂;而为了使它的每单位重量能提供足够的保温本领,还要求它有优良的气动柔度。更进一步,矿物棉必须是柔软的,并在使用时粉尘越少越好。其他方面的需要则主要取决于矿物棉的实际使用情形,例如:纤维的长度和直径、导热量、耐火性、均匀度以及材料的玻璃态性质和它的比重与化学稳定性。
本发明的目的在于克服已有技术的缺点,并获得一种改进的方法:当原材料为从金属生产中得到的有用熔渣时,能更可靠地用于生产具有有益性质的耐热和/或耐火纤维。按照后附的权利要求书,本发明本质性的新颖特征是显然的。
为了更有利地实施本发明的方法,由于工艺的特性,作为矿物棉的原料是取自分批生产工艺过程的,并且在将该材料进一步输送到适合于用来生产矿物棉的熔渣棉熔炉之前,先将它输送到混合炉中。照按本发明,位于分批作业的原料熔炉和连续作业的矿物棉熔炉之间的混合炉,是作为熔融料流的一种均衡装置。这样,矿物棉的生产成为一个连续的过程,即保持了单位时间能具有很高的生产率和低的生产成本。同时也有可能使用一种方便的方法进行最终产品的质量控制。
根据特定的生产方法,可在原料进入混合炉之前或者只是在进入矿物棉炉之前,来完成可能要添加到矿物棉原材料中的添加剂组分的进料。例如,可以在一个用来将原材料从该材料的熔化炉移入到本发明的混合炉中的钢水包中,将此种材料方便地进行熔合。也可以将添加剂组分添加到一个简便方式形成的,基本上是连续地从混合炉流入矿物棉熔炉的熔融态料流中。
下面参照附图对本发明进行更加详细地说明,在此
图1是本发明最佳实施例的示意图;
图2是附图1中最佳实施例的熔渣混合炉沿其Ⅱ-Ⅱ线的作局部剖视的正视图。
根据图1,作为矿物棉的原料首先通过竖立的输送器1输送到预热炉2,随后进一步进入熔渣熔化炉3。用钢水包4将液态熔渣运送到熔渣混合炉5。控制混合炉5,使得在整个过程中渣出料口保持在同一位置,这样,便于使矿物棉原料以大体上连续流的形式流入矿物棉熔炉6。在矿物棉生产中所需的添加剂组分也被加入到矿物棉熔炉6中;这些组分从它们专门的加料仓7中注入炉6。这些组分(随要生产的矿物棉之组成而定)是氧化钙、氧化铝、氧化镁与引入的硅酸盐原料中氧化硅,而更好是氧化锆,氧化锌以及氧化钛,除此之外,还有氧化铬(Ⅲ)。借助于这些添加组分,可以调节熔渣的粘度以及纤维分离的温度,使之适合于每一种矿物棉材料。来自矿物棉熔炉6的熔融态矿物棉材料被引到矿物棉机器8上,在此完成纤维的分离。将所形成的产物输送在收集室9内,此后,进一步将它输送到包装机10或作进一步加工。
根据图2,混合炉5通过中间的活塞11支撑到气缸12上,汽缸能够容易地由液压或者气压驱动。使用汽缸12调节炉5的位置,使得熔渣的出料口13不但在位置上而且相对于熔液表面保持基本在同一部位,与炉5中熔渣的数量无关。当炉5处于附图2所示位置时,炉内的熔渣量是很大的,例如处在刚刚送入一批熔融态的材料后。由于矿物棉的生产基本上是以连续作业进行,炉5内的熔渣量将连续减少。为维持熔液面与熔渣出料口处在同一水平面上,令汽缸12以使熔液表面相对于出料口13基本上保持一标准高度h的速度,将炉朝向直立位置翻转。当将一批新的熔渣加入到炉5中时,则通过使汽缸12返回到图2所述的位置,而使熔炉5下放。这样,在所有时间内,熔渣出料口13相对于熔液表面保持在一个有利的位置,并且得到了均匀的连续的熔融态流体。
在生产矿物棉时,通过使用本发明的方法,取得了很高的生产率,并在同时为完成一种有益的热传递,能使混合炉内的熔液表面保持到尽可能低的高度且基本处在一水平面上。这样,也就可将矿物棉炉内的熔液表面基本上保持在一标准水平面上了。另外,将混合炉内的下部设计成倾斜的,以便能够更加容易地排空炉子并使炉子比以前更为实用。除此,还能使炉子各个部分使用不同的内衬,这是因为在图2所描述的最佳实施例中,内衬仅仅部分地与熔融料直接相接触。也可以通过汽缸变动炉子的位置,使便于利用炉子出料口两边的两个不同的低位置,在此情况下,炉子内衬基本上各处均相同;通过上述交错变动炉子的位置,能够减轻其内衬的磨损。
虽然以上的描述仅仅介绍了本发明的一个最佳实施例,但是,虽然可以改变有关设备的位置及其数量的,例如对于生产原材料中所需的辅助设备等,而这些从本质上说并没有影响本发明。更进一步,为了建立生产过程中的理想条件,也可以改变属于此设备之各装置的形状。
Claims (2)
1、一种生产耐热和/或耐火材料的方法,所用的原材料是金属处理时所产生的液态熔渣,在该方法中熔渣在熔化炉中熔化,将熔化的熔渣分批地从熔化炉中倒出,然后,送入矿物棉炉,该方法特征在于通过使用熔渣混合炉(5),使基本上均匀及连续的熔融料流从熔渣熔化炉(3)流入到矿物棉炉(6),混合炉(5)具有一出料口(13),熔渣通过该口流入矿物棉炉(6),调整混合炉(5)的位置,使混合炉(5)中熔渣的自由液面相对于出料口(18)维持在一个恒定的高度。
2、一种用于实施权利要求1所述的方法的设备,该设备包括预热炉(2)、熔化熔渣的炉(3),混合液态熔渣的炉(5)和生产纤维状材料的装置(6、8、9),该设备特征在于混合炉(5)上装备一个驱动汽缸(12),用于使混合炉(5)在不同的装料位置间变动,安装在驱动汽缸(12)上的混合炉(5),由该汽缸驱动绕炉(5)的经过出料口(13)的纵轴转动。
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FI845113 | 1984-12-21 | ||
FI845113A FI72502C (fi) | 1984-12-21 | 1984-12-21 | Saett och anordning foer framstaellning av vaermebestaendigt och/eller eldbestaendigt fibermaterial. |
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CN85108691B true CN85108691B (zh) | 1988-08-24 |
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US (1) | US4650510A (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH0674154B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN85108691B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1268947A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE3543987A1 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI72502C (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2575150B1 (zh) |
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US5066325A (en) * | 1987-08-31 | 1991-11-19 | Northern States Power Company | Cogeneration process for production of energy and iron materials, including steel |
FI80667C (sv) * | 1988-09-02 | 1990-07-10 | Partek Ab | Förfarande och anordning för tillverkning av mineralull |
US4969940A (en) * | 1990-01-05 | 1990-11-13 | Schwarb Charles H | Apparatus and method for making mineral wool from coal-ash |
FR2671792B1 (fr) * | 1991-01-18 | 1994-05-13 | Isover Saint Gobain | Procede et dispositif d'obtention de fibres minerales. |
AU652795B2 (en) * | 1991-01-18 | 1994-09-08 | Isover Saint-Gobain | Process and device for obtaining mineral fibres |
BE1005411A6 (fr) * | 1991-10-09 | 1993-07-20 | Cockerill Sambre Sa | Procede pour conditionner la composition des scories. |
EP2767597B1 (en) | 2012-06-27 | 2016-11-02 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Method of reduction processing of steel-making slag |
JP5970354B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-27 | 2016-08-17 | 新日鉄住金エンジニアリング株式会社 | 溶融スラグの還元処理装置 |
CN103641299B (zh) * | 2013-12-06 | 2016-04-06 | 江苏大学 | 碱性精炼渣用于生产矿渣棉的调渣方法 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE8387C (de) * | R. M. ATWATER in Millville und J. WHITALL in Philadelphia (Verein. St. N. Amerika) | Neuerungen an Glasöfen und in der Glasbereitung | ||
FR452578A (fr) * | 1912-03-09 | 1913-05-19 | Joseph Lambot | Four basculant pour la fusion du verre et des métaux |
US2079111A (en) * | 1931-12-15 | 1937-05-04 | Brosius | Apparatus for treating molten materials |
US3332758A (en) * | 1963-06-21 | 1967-07-25 | Miles S Firnhaber | Apparatus for manufacturing glass fibers |
US3573017A (en) * | 1968-11-04 | 1971-03-30 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Method and apparatus for melting and supplying heat-softenable materials in a process |
US3567413A (en) * | 1969-04-07 | 1971-03-02 | Colvilles Ltd | Method for the disposal of molten slag |
JPS5184929A (en) * | 1975-01-20 | 1976-07-24 | Asahi Komen Kk | Rotsukuuruno seizohoho |
SU707690A1 (ru) * | 1977-04-06 | 1980-01-05 | Предприятие П/Я В-8173 | Устройство дл автоматического поддержани посто нного расхода металла из промежуточной емкости установки непрерывного лить металла |
FR2401999A1 (fr) * | 1977-09-02 | 1979-03-30 | Gagneraud Francis | Dispositif pour ameliorer l'expansion des laitiers et scories metallurgiques avant leur granulation |
US4350326A (en) * | 1981-02-02 | 1982-09-21 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for heat recovery from molten slag |
JPS5834565A (ja) * | 1981-08-24 | 1983-03-01 | Toshiba Battery Co Ltd | 二価酸化銀電池の製造法 |
-
1984
- 1984-12-21 FI FI845113A patent/FI72502C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1985
- 1985-12-02 US US06/803,956 patent/US4650510A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-12-12 DE DE19853543987 patent/DE3543987A1/de active Granted
- 1985-12-12 NO NO854995A patent/NO162418C/no unknown
- 1985-12-13 CA CA000497679A patent/CA1268947A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-12-13 SE SE8505924A patent/SE462967B/sv unknown
- 1985-12-20 FR FR8518930A patent/FR2575150B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-12-20 CN CN85108691A patent/CN85108691B/zh not_active Expired
- 1985-12-21 JP JP28766685A patent/JPH0674154B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1268947A (en) | 1990-05-15 |
JPH0674154B2 (ja) | 1994-09-21 |
FI845113L (fi) | 1986-06-22 |
NO162418B (no) | 1989-09-18 |
SE462967B (sv) | 1990-09-24 |
FI72502B (fi) | 1987-02-27 |
FI72502C (fi) | 1987-06-08 |
CN85108691A (zh) | 1986-06-10 |
NO162418C (no) | 1990-01-03 |
DE3543987A1 (de) | 1986-07-03 |
SE8505924D0 (sv) | 1985-12-13 |
DE3543987C2 (zh) | 1990-12-20 |
FR2575150B1 (fr) | 1990-07-20 |
NO854995L (no) | 1986-06-23 |
FR2575150A1 (fr) | 1986-06-27 |
US4650510A (en) | 1987-03-17 |
FI845113A0 (fi) | 1984-12-21 |
JPS61158837A (ja) | 1986-07-18 |
SE8505924L (sv) | 1986-06-22 |
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