CN85108487A - 生产耐火或耐热轻质模制件的方法 - Google Patents
生产耐火或耐热轻质模制件的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN85108487A CN85108487A CN198585108487A CN85108487A CN85108487A CN 85108487 A CN85108487 A CN 85108487A CN 198585108487 A CN198585108487 A CN 198585108487A CN 85108487 A CN85108487 A CN 85108487A CN 85108487 A CN85108487 A CN 85108487A
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- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 4
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920004935 Trevira® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000931143 Gleditsia sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/16—Sulfur-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及用粒度为0.1至0.5毫米的耐火或耐热材料、石膏、有机和/或无机纤维、发泡剂和水制造耐火或耐热轻质模制件的方法。先将物料制成含泡沫的料浆，经浇铸成模、出模、干燥、焙烧而成耐火或耐热轻质模制件。此法的特点是使用泡沫。所用的发泡剂是：烷基醚硫酸铵与芳香族磺酸钠的混合物；烷基聚乙二醇醚硫酸钠；烷基聚乙二醇醚硫酸钠、芳香族磺酸钠和脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺的混合物。按此法生产的轻质模制件具有特殊的微孔和良好的机械性能。
Description
本发明涉及生产耐火或耐热轻质模制件的方法。利用最大粒度为0.5毫米，最好是粒度为0.1毫米的耐火或耐热材料、石膏、需要时还有有机纤维和/或无机纤维与水和分别制成的泡沫添加剂组成的混合物为原料，按通常的成型操作方式成型、出模、干燥和焙烧以及按此法生产的耐火或耐热轻质模制件。
为了生产耐火或耐热轻质模制件，已知的方法是，生产时在流动态或灰浆态的物料中添加一种能单独起泡的发泡剂，以获得产品的多泡性，然后将此混合物浇铸成型来生产轻质模制件。在Harders-Kienow“耐火知识”（Feuerfestkunde）（1960）第904-906页中报道过按所谓泡沫法生产轻质耐火粘土砖以及含铝土量多的轻质耐火砖的情况;此外，作为发泡剂提出的是松香皂、皂角、磺酸盐的醇溶液。另外，从德国专利公开说明书2934249的例12中知道了生产一种泡沫石膏的方法。生产这种泡沫石膏时，首先使用了一种混合物。此混合物由半水合的硫酸钙、磨成细粉的铝氧土、有机纤维以及用水和发泡剂（Millifoam）制成的泡沫物料组成。
在用石膏生产耐火或耐热轻质模制件时，添加一种能单独发泡的添加物，结果证明：为了获得具有良好性能的轻质模制件，应该使用一种泡沫，此种泡沫在和耐火或耐热材料及石膏的混合物混合后仍保持着大量细孔。
本发明方法就用于解决此任务。此法特点在于使用以下添加物作发泡剂时产生的气泡。这些添加物是：
a）烷基醚硫酸铵和芳香族磺酸钠的混合物;或
b）烷基聚乙二醇醚硫酸钠;或
c）烷基聚乙二醇醚硫酸钠;芳香族磺酸钠和脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺的混合物。
此法的最好实施方式是这样进行的：将耐火或耐热材料，需要时还包括有机纤维和/或无机纤维，首先和水混合，紧接着加入干石膏，并迅速混合之。然后立即混入分别制成的泡沫物料。
按此发明方法生产耐火或耐热材料时，所用的耐火或耐热材料，其粒度最大为0.5毫米，最好是0.1毫米，也就是说要尽可能磨细。这样的耐火或耐热材料的一些例子是以Al2O3、SiO2、ZrO2、SiC为基础或以它们的混合物为基础的材料，例如硅酸铝、耐火土、高岭土、铝土矿、金刚砂、氧化锆、石英粉等。另外，胶态SiO2或胶态Al2O3也属于这些耐火或耐热材料。生产所用的石膏是通常的可水合石膏。
另外，生产轻质模制件时，还可用有机纤维和/或无机纤维。这种有机纤维的例子是天然纤维或合成纤维，例如纤维素纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚酯纤维、碳纤维;无机纤维的例子是玻璃纤维、硅酸铝纤维，其中Al2O3含量通常高于45%（重量百分），还有Al2O3含量为95%（重量百分）或比95%更高的高度耐火纤维。
用本发明的方法将此基本成分和适量的水混合形成一种浆料。另外，分别用所述发泡剂制成一种泡沫物料，然后尽快将此泡沫物料混入浆状基础物料中。
所用的发泡剂是已为人所知的表面活性剂，在市场可以买到。本发明方法的实质在于，只使用完全确定的发泡剂或这些发泡剂的混合物。由此可以获得具有特别微小孔隙的轻质模制件。
现以实例对本发明作进一步说明：先不加石膏，将表中列举例子中的基础成分混合约8分钟，然后加石膏混合而成基础混合物。泡沫混合物搅拌8分钟后即可制成。在一分钟内使泡沫混合物与基础混合物混合。将总混合物浇铸成1000×500×300毫米的模制体，这些模制体约30分钟后凝结，接着把它切成小块，在120到180℃的温度下干燥，然后，需要时在1100到1300℃的温度下焙烧，即可获得可以使用的轻质模制件。
混合物的实施例
（以重量百分比计）
1 2 3
基础混合物：
高岭土 20 15 10
耐火粘土 0-0.1mm 40 - 33
耐火粘土 0.1-0.5mm 4 - -
铝土矿 0-0.1mm - 20 -
钙铝氧土 0-0.1mm 5 22 20
石膏 30 40 35
硅酸铝纤维
（47%（重量）Al2O3）
纤维长度 5米以下 - 1 -
聚酯纤维
（纤维长度） 最长3mm - - 2
胶态SiO21 2 -
水（以固体物质总量为基础） +50 +47 +50
泡沫混合物
（以固体物质总量为基础）：
水 10 7 12
芳香族磺酸钠和烷基醚
硫酸铵盐混合物 2 - -
烷基聚乙二醇醚硫酸钠 - 1.5 -
烷基聚乙二醇醚硫酸钠
+芳香族磺酸钠
+脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺 - - 2.5
Claims (3)
1、一种耐火或耐热轻质模制件的生产方法，此模制件是以最大粒度为0.5毫米，最好是0.1毫米的耐火或耐热材料、石膏、需要时还有有机纤维和/或无机纤维与水和分别制成的泡沫添加剂组成的混合物为原料，以通常的方法成型、出模、干燥和焙烧，其特征在于使用泡沫，产生泡沫的发泡剂是：
a)烷基醚硫酸铵与芳香族磺酸钠的混合物；或
b)烷基聚乙二醇醚硫酸钠；或
c)烷基聚乙二醇醚硫酸钠、芳香族磺酸钠和脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺的混合物。
2、按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于将耐火或耐热材料，需要时加上有机纤维和/或无机纤维，先与水混合，接着加干石膏并迅速混合，立即再将分别制成的泡沫添加剂与之混合。
3、按照权利要求1或2所述的方法生产的耐火或耐热轻质模制件。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3445484A DE3445484C1 (de) | 1984-12-13 | 1984-12-13 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von feuerfesten oder feuerbeständigen Leichtformteilen |
| DEP3445484.5 | 1984-12-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85108487A true CN85108487A (zh) | 1986-06-10 |
Family
ID=6252680
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN198585108487A Pending CN85108487A (zh) | 1984-12-13 | 1985-11-20 | 生产耐火或耐热轻质模制件的方法 |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN85108487A (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE3445484C1 (zh) |
| IT (1) | IT1182958B (zh) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100431741C (zh) * | 2004-06-17 | 2008-11-12 | 里弗雷克特里知识产权两合公司 | 焙烧过的耐火模制体 |
| CN101152734B (zh) * | 2006-09-29 | 2011-01-19 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种中间包气幕挡墙透气性耐火材料 |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4040180A1 (de) * | 1990-12-15 | 1992-06-17 | Huels Troisdorf | Verfahren zur herstellung von feinporigem schaum aus im wesentlichen anorganischen bestandteilen |
| DE4207235A1 (de) * | 1992-03-07 | 1993-09-09 | Norbert Dipl Ing Lang | Daemmaterial sowie verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
| FR2845988B1 (fr) * | 2002-10-17 | 2006-05-26 | Microcast | Melange ceramique a base de platre refractaire et de charges minerales a resistance mecanique amelioree destine a la fonderie de precision par le procede moule-bloc ou un procede derive |
| FR2845986B1 (fr) * | 2002-10-17 | 2006-05-26 | Microcast | Melange ceramique a base de platre refractaire et de charges minerales a conductivite thermique amelioree destine a la fonderie de precision par le procede moule-bloc |
| FR2845987B1 (fr) * | 2002-10-17 | 2006-05-26 | Microcast | Melange ceramique a base de platre refractaire et de charges minerales destine a la fonderie de precision par le procede moule-bloc |
| CN102964141B (zh) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-11-27 | 安徽艾柯泡塑股份有限公司 | 一种轻质隔热保温材料用高性能发泡剂 |
| US10252942B2 (en) | 2015-06-29 | 2019-04-09 | Allied Foam Tech Corp. | Fiber containing aqueous foam composite, the process and use |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2598981A (en) * | 1949-02-26 | 1952-06-03 | F E Schundler And Company Inc | Magnesia cement products and their manufacture |
| US3138472A (en) * | 1955-03-09 | 1964-06-23 | Sommer Alois | Method for making foamed magnesia cement |
| US3062669A (en) * | 1957-01-28 | 1962-11-06 | Dilnot Sidney | Light weight aerated concrete |
| US2979415A (en) * | 1957-02-18 | 1961-04-11 | British Plaster Board Holdings | Cementitious material |
| GB1285701A (en) * | 1968-08-23 | 1972-08-16 | Laing & Son Ltd John | Improvements in low density concretes and their manufacture |
-
1984
- 1984-12-13 DE DE3445484A patent/DE3445484C1/de not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-11-05 IT IT48746/85A patent/IT1182958B/it active
- 1985-11-20 CN CN198585108487A patent/CN85108487A/zh active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100431741C (zh) * | 2004-06-17 | 2008-11-12 | 里弗雷克特里知识产权两合公司 | 焙烧过的耐火模制体 |
| CN101152734B (zh) * | 2006-09-29 | 2011-01-19 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种中间包气幕挡墙透气性耐火材料 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT8548746A0 (it) | 1985-11-05 |
| DE3445484C1 (de) | 1985-10-31 |
| IT1182958B (it) | 1987-10-05 |
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