CN1021965C - 无机防水石膏天花板 - Google Patents

无机防水石膏天花板 Download PDF

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CN1021965C
CN1021965C CN 90104281 CN90104281A CN1021965C CN 1021965 C CN1021965 C CN 1021965C CN 90104281 CN90104281 CN 90104281 CN 90104281 A CN90104281 A CN 90104281A CN 1021965 C CN1021965 C CN 1021965C
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water
gypsum
weight
sugar
solution
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CN1047667A (zh
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钟征君
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XINYI PLASTER BOARD SUPPLEMENT CO Ltd
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XINYI PLASTER BOARD SUPPLEMENT CO Ltd
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Abstract

一种无机防水石膏天花板,由石膏、水泥、玻璃纤维、膨胀珍珠岩、添加剂和水组成,水泥掺加量是石膏重量的3~6%,玻璃纤维掺加量为石膏重量的1.5~3%,膨胀珍珠岩掺加量为石膏重量的0.7~2.5%;添加剂为三种溶液,A:碳酸钙、糖、水溶液;B:重铬酸铵、糖、水溶液;C:硅酸钠、氟化钠、硫酸铝钾、水溶液。有搭接型和插接型两种形状,具有强度高、防水性能好的特点,可用于建筑物室内装修及湿度大的场所。

Description

本发明涉及一种石膏天花板,特别是一种防水型石膏天花板。
石膏天花板以质轻、隔热保温、可钉可锯的优热在建筑工程中得到广泛应用,但由于石膏板防水性能差,在许多湿度大的场合又限制了其使用,因此,石膏板的防水问题一直是国内、外的技术难题,解决方法一般是加入水溶性聚合物质:一、沥青型有机物;二、松香石蜡型防水剂;三、有机硅乳液。但是,加入了这些有机物质后又出现了强度下降、返霜、和成本偏高的缺点。
在现有用于建筑内墙的石膏板中,为了解决防水问题,采用了加入一定量水泥、矿渣、或粉煤灰、膨胀珍珠岩等多孔轻质材料的方法来提高石膏板的强度和防水性,水泥的掺加量一般为石膏重量的5~10%;膨胀珍珠岩掺量一般为石膏重量的15~80%。但是,这种掺用无机材料的方法使石膏板的色泽灰暗、重量偏大,尚不能应用于石膏天花板中。
另外,现有的石膏天花板为插接式,装拆不方便;板厚一般为20~30毫米,才能满足强度要求。
本发明的目的在于用加入无机材料和无机添加剂的方法来解决石膏天花板耐水性差和强度低的问题。
本发明的无机防水石膏天花板由石膏、水泥、玻璃纤维、膨胀珍珠岩、添加剂和水组成,其特征在于:水泥掺加量是石膏重量的3~6%,玻璃纤维掺加量为石膏重量的1.5~3%,膨胀珍珠岩掺加量为石膏重量的0.7~2.5%;添加剂为三种溶液,
A:碳酸钙、糖、水溶液,掺加量为石膏重量的1.8~5.6%;
B:重铬酸铵、糖、水溶液,掺加量为石膏重量的0.7~1.8%;
C:硅酸钠、氟化钠、硫酸铝钾、水溶液,掺加量为石膏重量的0.7~1.8%。其中A溶液各组份的重量比为:碳酸钙∶糖∶水=1∶1∶5~10;
B溶液各组份的重量比为:重铬酸铵∶糖∶水=2∶3∶4000~6000;
C溶液各组份的重量比为:硅酸钠∶氟化钠∶硫酸铝钾∶水=0.01~0.03∶1∶9∶20000~25000。
本发明的无机防水石膏天花板有搭接型和插接型两种形状,板的背面四周厚,芯部薄,搭接型板的四边均有凸缘,以便与龙骨相搭接;插接型板的两对边有凸缘,另两对边呈凹形,以便一边同龙骨搭接,一边同龙骨插接。
本发明中所用石膏为β型半水石膏,其细度100目以上,在制作时,首先将石膏、水泥、玻璃纤维、膨胀珍珠岩的干料搅拌均匀,然后加入适量的水和三种添加剂溶液搅拌成浆料,再经过成型、养护、自然干燥工序即出成品。
通过在众多的添加剂中反复探索选取的三种添加剂溶液,它们的共同特点是对石膏天花板白度影响较小。其制备方法和特性如下:
A溶液:在常温下将1份糖加入5~10份水中充分溶解,尔后掺入1份碳酸钙将搅拌均匀。这 种溶液主要起缓凝作用,使半水石膏溶解速度降低或溶解度减少,以利于有充足的时间完成成型工序。
B溶液:用2份重铬酸铵和3份糖在常温下与4000~5000份水充分混合即成。它主要起早强和固化激发作用,使料浆控制在生产工艺操作时间内早强。
C溶液:采用硅酸钠、氟化钠硫铝酸钾三种无机材料按4∶5∶1的比例配制成混合物,用20000~25000份50~60℃的温水溶解,主要起防水、胶凝、稳定、粘结作用,促使硅胶体形成。
主要技术性能指标与国家标准对照如下:
(表见文后)
本发明的无机防水石膏天花板,强度高于普通石膏板,防水性能大大提高,可用于建筑物室内装修及人防工程、溶室、厕所等湿度大的场所,它的抗裂荷载大、重量轻阻燃吸声好、图案清晰、表面雪白美观,且工艺简便、板材易装易拆、便于检修管道线路。
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明:
附图1为本发明的搭接式石膏天花板示意图。
附图2为本发明的插接式石膏天花板示意图。
选用的膨胀珍珠岩容重为40~120kg/m3,最佳掺入量为1.2~2%,玻璃纤维的长度为2~2.5厘米,最佳掺入量为1.5~2%,水泥为525#普通硅酸盐水泥或矿渣水泥,最佳掺入量为3~5.5%(以上掺入量均以石膏重量为准)。
本发明的规格可为600×600×14(mm)或500×500×12(mm),凸边宽5mm,厚6mm,背面边框宽50mm,芯部厚8mm。
项目    国标    本发明
断裂荷载(kgf)    16    24
受潮挠度(毫米)    15    1~1.5
淋水挠度    24小时内均匀淋水挠度≤3mm
含水率(%)    4    1
吸水率(%)    10    5
单位面积重量(kg/m2) 18 9

Claims (3)

1、一种无机防水石膏天花板,由石膏、水泥、玻璃纤维、膨胀珍珠岩、添加剂和水组成,其特征在于:水泥掺加量是石膏重量的3~6%,玻璃纤维掺加量为石膏重量的1.5~3%,膨胀珍珠岩掺加量为石膏重量的0.7~2.5%;添加剂为三种溶液:
A:碳酸钙、糖、水溶液,掺加量为石膏重量的1.8~5.6%;
B:重铬酸铵、糖、水溶液,掺加量为石膏重量的0.7~1.8%;
C:硅酸钠、氟化钠、硫酸铝钾、水溶液,掺加量为石膏重量的0.7~1.8%。
2、根据权利要求1所述的无机防水石膏天花板,其特征在于所述的添加剂A溶液各组分的重量比为:碳酸钙∶糖∶水=1∶1∶5~10;
B溶液各组份的重量比为:重铬酸铵∶糖∶水=2∶3∶4000~6000;
C溶液各组分的重量比为:硅酸钠∶氟化钠∶硫酸铝钾∶水=0.01~0.03∶1∶9∶20000~25000。
3、根据权利要求1所述的无机防水石膏天花板,其特征在于:它的四边均有凸缘,板的背面周边厚,中间薄。
CN 90104281 1990-06-15 1990-06-15 无机防水石膏天花板 Expired - Fee Related CN1021965C (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1597607A (zh) * 2003-09-19 2005-03-23 广州高权电器灯饰有限公司 一种新型环保、防火材料及其制备方法和用途
CN101696104B (zh) * 2009-10-23 2012-07-18 张超 一种防渗水水泥
CN102010172A (zh) * 2010-11-10 2011-04-13 刘洪彬 一种石膏空心条板生产配方
CN102515596B (zh) * 2011-12-07 2013-07-10 浙江博元建设股份有限公司 一种防渗水水泥
CN108658555B (zh) * 2017-03-27 2021-04-20 广东中晶激光照明技术有限公司 隔热防火芯板及其制备方法

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