CN85103844B - 熔融石英玻璃铝土匣缽 - Google Patents
熔融石英玻璃铝土匣缽 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title abstract description 3
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- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 4
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- WKBPZYKAUNRMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pentyl]1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=1C(CCC)CN1C=NC=N1 WKBPZYKAUNRMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种陶瓷行业中能适用于高温快烧的装烧瓷器的匣缽,由耐火粘土40-60%,铝土熟料20-35%,熔融石英玻璃15-35%组成。与现有匣缽相比较,本发明具有很好的高温机械强度和优良的抗热冲击性能。在1400-1440℃高温快烧隧道窑炉中使用,安全可靠,提高使用寿命3-5倍以上。是一种多功能复合材料制品,同时具有制造工艺简单,成本较低的优点。
Description
本发明属于陶瓷行业中装烧瓷器产品的匣缽。
目前国内匣缽一般采用粘土、铝土原料制成,这种匣缽容易开裂、变形,难以满足日用瓷高温快烧工艺的要求,据《广东陶瓷》1984年第一期题为“粘土-熔融石英质匣缽”报导,其使用温度只能在1370℃以内,且成本比熔融石英铝土匣缽高二倍以上。
苏联1011606号专利报导了一种耐火陶瓷,由碳化硅、铝色磷酸盐粘土料、粘土、矾土和碎玻璃制得。这种耐火陶瓷能适应高温快烧,但制造工艺复杂,成本高。苏联9907338号专利报导的用于制造匣缽的耐热、低膨胀耐火材料,其配方含有粘土、矾土,滑石、莫来石、堇青石、熟耐火土和钠氟硅酸盐。苏联893957号专利提到的制造匣缽窑具的配方料为耐火土、粘土、矾土、水解硅酸乙醋粘结料以及合金黄玉。这两种匣缽制造成本不高。但使用于高温快烧隧道窑时,达不到好的使用效果。
美国2772176号专利报道了用石墨粉、熔融石英等两种以上的热膨胀系数小的原料改进制动器头(stop heads),用于控制金属从钢桶的流动。在其配方中,12~20%的石墨粉是必不可少的,石墨粉主要缺点是它在700℃左右能被氧化,造成污染,且成本也较高。配方的煅烧温度为11285℃,烧成时在高温下要急骤升温,时间太长则易造成熔融石英转变为结晶态,由于在配方中缺乏保护非晶质的SiO〈`;;2`〉和石墨的抗氧化措施,因而不能适用于陶瓷行业的高温快烧。
美国323002号专利报道了一种用于将熔融金属倒入模子的耐火导管,其配方由高铝耐火原料,非晶质石英,球状高岭土以及煅烧铝粉组成,在配方中结合粘土(即球状高岭土)的含量为5~15%,耐火导管煅烧温度一般不超过2250°F(相当于约1233℃)最好在2000°F(相当于约1094℃)时煅烧,在配方颗粒级配上,3~10目(1.65~6.68mm)占总量的12.5~24.5%,由此可以看出,由于用途所致,这种球土含量不但不能起到包裹石英颗粒作用,保护非晶质SiO2的析晶,在无外来胶结物情况下,不可能单刀压坯成型,颗粒直径超过了熔融石英铝土匣缽墙底的部分厚度,不但成型产品困难,而且高温中不可能有较好的机械强度,其使用温度也就不能适应陶瓷行业的高温快烧。
本发明的目的在于提供一种能适用于高温快烧(烧成周期18~20小时)且使用寿命长,制造工艺简单,成本低廉的匣缽。
本发明的配方按重量百分比为:耐火粘土40~60%,铝土熟料20~35%,熔融石英玻璃15~35%。其各种原料在配方中的作用为:耐火粘土用量较大,是可塑成型必不可少的一种自然粘结剂,它将保证成型后的生坯在干燥后具有足够的机械强度,更重要的是在本配方中利用粘土这种粘结剂包裹熔融石英玻璃,防止有害气体侵入,延缓熔融石英玻璃的析晶,从而使匣缽在隧道窑循环使用中保持优良的物理化学性能,增加匣缽在高温中的使用次数;铝土熟料是该匣缽制品中主要的耐高温骨架相,其Al2O3的含量在80%左右,在温度作用下它与耐火粘土中的SiO2常常发生反应生成莫来石,形成网络结构晶体,使匣缽在高温中具有优良的高温机械强度,熔融石英玻璃引入匣缽配方中,对匣缽制品具有多种功能作用,它在制品中同样起着高温骨架相作用,另一种作用是利用熔融石英玻璃的膨胀系数小的特点,当铝土发生二次莫来石化作用时,晶体长大,在升降温过程中产生热应力,熔融石英便能抵消这种热应力的扩散。
配方中各种原料的化学组成为:(见表2)
配方中瘠性物料(铝土熟料、熔融石英玻璃)的颗粒级配和粘结剂的细度对加强匣缽内部的堆积密度和匣缽制品的组织结构有很重要的作用,各种原料的颗粒级配为:
耐火粘土 120 目筛余1~3%
铝土熟料 8~10目颗粒占13~17%
10~20目颗粒占22~28%
<20目颗粒占60~70%
熔融石英玻璃 8~10目颗粒占18~22%
10~20目颗粒占28~32%
<20目颗粒占45~55%
本发明的生产工艺流程采用现有的匣缽生产工艺流程
本发明与现有匣缽相比有以下几个特点:
一、安全系数大,在1400~1440℃高温快烧隧道窑中循环使用,不变形,不出倒窑事故,而且也能适应于1400℃以下的各种窑炉烧成。
二、具有良好的抗热震性和高温机械强度。
三、质量轻,价格便宜,可提高使用寿命3~5倍以上。
由此可见,本发明具有多种功能,通过在1400~1440℃高温快烧后的匣缽进行微观结构分析表明,随着匣缽循环使用次数的增加,部分氧化物发生化学反应,矿物相中主要由莫来石、石英及熔融石英玻璃组成,因而是一种高温复合材料制品。
本发明有如下实施例:
按重量百分数配比:
溆浦耐火粘土 50%
铝土熟料 25%
熔融石英 25%
原料的化学组成为:(见表3)
原料颗粒级配为:
溆浦耐火粘土 过120目 筛余2%
铝土熟料 8~10目颗粒占15%
10~20目颗粒占25%
<20目颗粒占60%
熔融石英玻璃 8~10目颗粒占20%
10~20目颗粒占30%
<20目颗粒占50%
SiO2 | A2lO3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | (KNa)2O | TiO2 | 灼减 | |
耐火粘土, (%) | 40~ 50 | 30~ 37 | <1 | <0.80 | <1 | <1.3 | <0.5 | 12~ 16 |
铝土熟料 (%) | 4~ 25 | 65~ 88 | <1.5 | <1.5 | <0.5 | <0.7 | <5 | |
熔融石英玻 璃(%) | 98~ 99.9 |
SiO2 | A2lO3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | (KNa)2O | TiO2 | 灼减 | |
耐火粘土, (%) | 40~ 50 | 30~ 37 | <1 | <0.80 | <1 | <1.3 | <0.5 | 12~ 16 |
铝土熟料 (%) | 4~ 25 | 65~ 88 | <1.5 | <1.5 | <0.5 | <0.7 | <5 | |
熔融石英玻 璃(%) | 98~ 99.9 |
SiO2 | A2lO3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | (KNa)2O | TiO2 | 灼减 | |
溆浦耐火粘土, (%) | 48.21 | 34.97 | 0.76 | 0.78 | 0.89 | 1.20 | 13.07 | |
铝土熟料 (%) | 4.98 | 87.56 | 1.32 | 0.11 | 0.45 | 0.597 | 4.77 | |
熔融石英玻 璃(%) | 99.9 |
Claims (10)
1、一种在陶瓷行业中能适用于高温快烧的装烧瓷器产品的匣缽,本发明的特征是配方按重量比:耐火粘土40-60%。铝土熟料20-35%,熔融石英玻璃15-35%。
2、按权利要求1所述的匣缽,其特征是原料的化学组成为:(见表1)
3、按权利要求1所述的匣缽,其特征是配方中各种原料的颗粒级配为:
耐火粘土 过120目 筛余 1~3%
铝土熟料 8~10目 颗粒占13~17%
10~20目 颗粒占22~28%
<20目 颗粒占60~70%
熔融石英玻璃 8~10目 颗粒占18~22%
10~20目 颗粒占28~32%
<20目 颗粒占45~55%
Priority Applications (1)
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CN85103844A CN85103844B (zh) | 1985-05-06 | 1985-05-06 | 熔融石英玻璃铝土匣缽 |
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CN85103844A CN85103844B (zh) | 1985-05-06 | 1985-05-06 | 熔融石英玻璃铝土匣缽 |
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CN85103844A CN85103844A (zh) | 1986-11-05 |
CN85103844B true CN85103844B (zh) | 1988-07-06 |
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CN107382338A (zh) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-11-24 | 衡东县东康瓷业有限公司 | 一种匣钵及其制备方法 |
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