CN85101462B - 切削机器刀具的改进 - Google Patents
切削机器刀具的改进 Download PDFInfo
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- CN85101462B CN85101462B CN85101462A CN85101462A CN85101462B CN 85101462 B CN85101462 B CN 85101462B CN 85101462 A CN85101462 A CN 85101462A CN 85101462 A CN85101462 A CN 85101462A CN 85101462 B CN85101462 B CN 85101462B
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- cutting edge
- cutter
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 abstract description 40
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 40
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B7/00—Cutting tobacco
- A24B7/02—Cutting tobacco by machines with reciprocating knives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B7/00—Cutting tobacco
- A24B7/04—Cutting tobacco by machines with revolving knives
- A24B7/08—Cutting tobacco by machines with revolving knives with several knives which act one after the other
- A24B7/12—Cutting tobacco by machines with revolving knives with several knives which act one after the other with cutter axes transverse to the feeding direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
- B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
- B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
- B26D2001/006—Cutting members therefor the cutting blade having a special shape, e.g. a special outline, serrations
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
一种用于烟叶切削机器的刀具有一块板,该板有一斜面为切削刃,该板的非斜面上有若干与切削刃成直角的槽使切削刃呈锯齿状,其前切削刃和后切削刃前后交错。这些槽的间隔方式使得每一前切削刃的宽度小到足以在切削过程中,在前切削刃区域,切丝产生的应变大于0.4。
Description
本发明涉及的是切削机器的刀具,特别是用于,但并非唯一用于,切削烟草。
用于切削烟草的机器是众所周知的,在这类机器中,烟叶被送入截面积为矩形的收敛喉道,该喉道由两块相互平行的板和两条收敛传送带,或者两块平行的板和两个收敛辊式输送机所组成。该收敛形喉道的收敛端是出口。烟叶从收敛形喉道的扩张端进入该收敛形喉道,由传送带或者辊轴将烟叶送向出口,当烟叶从出口送出时,便被刀切削,使用的刀具可以是往复式横切过出口的单刀,也可以是装在旋转刀座上的单刀或数把刀具,其旋转轴线与喉道轴线可以成直角,也可以相互平行,以便使刀座上的单把或多把刀具的切削刃横切过出口。喉道的收敛使烟叶被充分压紧,这样使烟叶在出口不是被拉出,而是被切断。两个传送带中之一,或者两个辊式输送机中之一,可以自由活动,对烟叶加压以便调节烟叶的紧压程度。烟丝的切削宽度可以调节,方法是改变传送带的速度,从而调节紧压烟叶在刀具每次切削之间被送过出口的距离。
用于这种机器的横切刀具公开在英国第1,195,163号专利中,该刀具呈板状,该板的斜面是切削刃,该板的非斜面有若干与切削刃成直角的槽,因而形成锯齿状的切削刀刃。
根据这个设计,该刀具每次进刀切过烟草,同时形成一次首次切削和一次横向切削。使用这种刀具,烟叶仅经过切削机一次,从而避免了二次紧压,使烟叶切削得更加均匀。
英国专利1,195,163中所描述的这种刀具,当其槽宽介于3.2-9.6毫米,槽距介于6.35-18.9毫米时,工作情况良好。但是,卷烟的烟丝或类似产品所要求的烟丝长度可以长达38.1毫米。
曾经试验过将烟丝长度控制在8-38.1毫米之内,在试验中采用的是与切削刃成直角、槽距离为槽宽1.5-2倍的矩形截面槽,其结果是在产品中还是常常有超过要求长度的烟丝,随着控制长度的增加,这种情况更加严重。
当英国第1,195,163号专利公开的矩形刀刃切过烟叶时,前切削刃部切削下来的薄层便与烟叶(或烟叶捆坯)主体分离。结果,切下的薄片部分的拉伸长度相当于其位移的二倍。假设F为位移量,前切削刃的宽度为G,那么每一被切下的小块所拉长的长度等于G+2F,否则就断裂。所产生的应变,为伸长量除以原长,即:2F÷G。但是,切下的烟丝往往在相邻两前切削刃相距较远的尖角处断裂,结果是,一股烟丝可能为需要长度的3倍。因此,一股烟丝便有被相邻的两个前切削刃切下的两个薄层,其中间的薄层是被后切削刃切下的。
本发明的目的是提供一种能在刃部所需要的位置切断烟丝的刀片,不管槽距如何,以获得确定长度的烟丝。
根据本发明,切削机器上装有的刀具呈板状,该板的斜面是切削刃,该板的非斜面有若干与切削刃成直角的槽,从而形成锯齿状切削刃,其中前切削刃和后切削刃前后交错,这些槽间有间隔,使得每条前切削刃的宽度窄到在切削过程中,烟丝在前切削刃区所产生的应变大于0.4。
使用窄的前切削刃,烟丝的折断几乎与槽的宽窄无关。
本发明的结构形式下面参考附图举例加以描述。
图1是具有矩形截面槽的刀具的部分端视图。
图2是上述刀具的平面图。
图3是图2的A-A剖视图。
图4是旋转式切削机器的侧视图。
图5是带刀具的转盘的轴向视图。
图6是在旋转式切削机器中紧压烟叶的剖视简图。
图7是图6的B-B剖视图。
图8是图6的C-C剖视图。
图9类似于图6的B-B剖视图,但是其肋棱截面为三角形。
图1到图3所示的刀具(10)的总厚度约为3毫米,与普通刀具一样有一斜面。在非斜面刀面上带有矩形截面槽(11)与切削刃成直角,这些槽相互隔开,其间的肋棱的宽0.1-10毫米,尤其为0.5-2毫米。这些槽的作用是形成锯齿状的切削刃(12),切削刃(12)有交替出现的窄的前切削刃(12a)和相对宽的后切削刃(12b),上述的前切削刃(12a)和后切削刃(12b)分别在同一直线上,这两条直线相互平行。磨快刀具的方法同常规方法一样,是磨其斜面,同时磨快两行刀刃。槽的典型宽度是6.35-38.1毫米,槽的深度是1.6毫米,棱角锋利。适于切削烟叶典型的刀具槽宽度是38.1毫米,槽间距是39.67毫米,槽深度是1.6毫米。所磨的斜面与刀具的开槽面成18度角,所以,槽的间距非常之小,前切削刃相对很窄,如:1.57毫米,基本上呈肋状。
侧面高度(F)最好是前切削刃口宽度(G)的1-3倍。这种刀具可用于英国第1,195,163号专利中公开的往复式单刀切削机器,也可用于图4和图5中所示的旋转式切削机器之上。
在图4和图5所示的旋转式切削机器之中,烟叶被送进两条传送带(34)和(36)中间的隙(32)处,传送带(34)和(36)在烟叶送到出口(38)的同时把烟叶压紧,这样烟叶从出口伸出时就如同塞子一般。这个塞状的烟叶一出来,便被转盘(44)刀座上的刀具(10)切削,转盘(44)绕支架(47)上的轴承的轴心(46)旋转。该刀具的切削刃都在假想的圆柱面上。在本例中,刀具安装的方式是使刀槽背离出口。
由于刀具是固定的,用砂轮(49)便可不间断的磨刀;砂轮(49)带有驱动装置,在刀具旋转时沿刀具横向进给。在这种情况下,该斜面的一部分是圆柱面。另一种方法是,刀具可以依次转到固定的磨刀位,一次磨一把刀,在与刀接触的点上,砂轮面的法线并不通过转盘的轴心。这里刀具的斜面是平的,且相对于其圆柱形轨迹是倾斜的。该斜面可以为部分圆柱面。
如图6和图8所示,前切削刃的每次切削并分开一块紧压薄层,其厚度为E,该厚度被位移了一个量F,与前切削刃的截面厚度相等,前切削刃与在后切削刃的平面上刀具进行的方向基本上成直角。前切削刃的宽度G与位移量F相比小到足以使应变2F÷G大于0.4即:
2F/G>0.4
因此,烟丝在每一前切削刃处切断,从而得到了控制的长度J。
刀具肋棱的截面可以是规则四边形的,但由于烟丝是在前切削刃中心部切断,所以肋棱的截面也可以是三角形的,如图9所示,以增加强度并使控制长度J更加精确。三角形的尺寸应使烟丝产生的应变大于0.4,且其上部角为90度。
在本发明的另一种形式中,每个前切削刃的截面基本为矩形并带有倾斜的末端。肋棱可以有尖,即:大致为三角形,但两边为凹形。
Claims (5)
1、一种切削机器的刀具呈板状,该板具有一个主要的斜面以形成切削刃,该板的非斜面的另一主要表面上具有若干与该切削刃成直角的槽,使该切削刃具有呈棱齿状交错排列的前、后切削刃,这种刀具的特征在于:各前切削刃宽度(G)相同,较窄(约0.5至2毫米),各后切削刃的宽度相同,较宽(约6.35至38.1毫米),槽的深度F使每条前切削刃产生的,每条前切削刃区域中的切丝的应变在1.6至6.4之间,该值是根据公式S=2F/G推算的。
2、按照权利要求1所述的刀具,其特征在于:该槽的深度大约为1.6毫米。
3、按照权利要求1所述的刀具,其特征在于:在该槽之间的棱具有矩形横截面。
4、按照权利要求1所述的刀具,其特征在于:该棱具有尖的横截面。
5、按照权利要求1所述的刀具,其特征在于:该槽的横截面是矩形的。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN85101462A CN85101462B (zh) | 1984-04-09 | 1985-04-01 | 切削机器刀具的改进 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB848409157A GB8409157D0 (en) | 1984-04-09 | 1984-04-09 | Knives in cutting machines |
CN85101462A CN85101462B (zh) | 1984-04-09 | 1985-04-01 | 切削机器刀具的改进 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN85101462A CN85101462A (zh) | 1987-01-17 |
CN85101462B true CN85101462B (zh) | 1988-11-16 |
Family
ID=10559432
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN85101462A Expired CN85101462B (zh) | 1984-04-09 | 1985-04-01 | 切削机器刀具的改进 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4700720A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0179787A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH0716907B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR940006184B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN85101462B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1241267A (zh) |
GB (1) | GB8409157D0 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1985004616A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8813194D0 (en) * | 1988-06-03 | 1988-07-06 | Gbe International Plc | Improvements in knives in cutting machines |
AU7541794A (en) * | 1993-09-07 | 1995-03-27 | Fabriques De Tabac Reunies S.A. | Rotary cutter |
DE19854662B4 (de) * | 1998-11-26 | 2004-06-03 | British-American Tobacco (Germany) Gmbh | Tabakschneidverfahren und -vorrichtung |
US6595216B1 (en) | 2001-03-20 | 2003-07-22 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Method of cutting sheets of reconstituted tobacco |
GB0305607D0 (en) * | 2003-03-12 | 2003-04-16 | Garbuio Ltd | Tobacco cutting apparatus |
GB0816491D0 (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2008-10-15 | Dickinson Legg Ltd | Controlled strand length cutting of tobacco using uniform thickness knives |
DE102009053565A1 (de) * | 2009-11-18 | 2011-05-19 | Hauni Maschinenbau Ag | Schneidmesser eines Tabakschneiders |
PL392804A1 (pl) | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-07 | International Tobacco Machinery Poland Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością | Zespół nożowy do krajarki do tytoniu |
PL216509B1 (pl) | 2010-11-03 | 2014-04-30 | Int Tobacco Machinery Poland | Wysuwany nóż montowany na bębnie krajarki do tytoniu |
PL392927A1 (pl) | 2010-11-10 | 2012-05-21 | International Tobacco Machinery Poland Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością | Sposób przygotowania wysuwanego noża montowanego na bębnie krajarki do tytoniu do cięcia włókien o zdefiniowanej długości i nóż przygotowany według sposobu |
CN103844345A (zh) * | 2012-12-07 | 2014-06-11 | 洪湖市中瑞机械制造有限公司 | 切丝机定长切丝刀片 |
CN103563543A (zh) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-12 | 任静儿 | 一种割草机刀片改进结构 |
CN105581368A (zh) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-18 | 唐兵 | 一种烟丝及烟支 |
CN107173846B (zh) * | 2017-07-18 | 2018-03-09 | 厦门烟草工业有限责任公司 | 定长切丝刀具、方法及烟机设备 |
CN108823944B (zh) * | 2018-07-02 | 2024-04-12 | 江苏湛德医疗用品有限公司 | 一种无纺布生产过程剪裁机系统 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE132536C (zh) * | ||||
GB1195163A (en) * | 1968-03-01 | 1970-06-17 | American Mach & Foundry | Improvements in Knives in Cutting Machines. |
ZA732442B (en) * | 1972-04-20 | 1975-01-29 | Wavin Bv | Pipe connection for plastic pipes comprising a transversly or helically corrugated pipe-connecting parat |
JPS4930933U (zh) * | 1972-06-20 | 1974-03-16 |
-
1984
- 1984-04-09 GB GB848409157A patent/GB8409157D0/en active Pending
-
1985
- 1985-04-01 EP EP85901509A patent/EP0179787A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1985-04-01 JP JP60501495A patent/JPH0716907B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-04-01 US US06/754,599 patent/US4700720A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-04-01 WO PCT/GB1985/000134 patent/WO1985004616A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1985-04-01 KR KR1019850700135A patent/KR940006184B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-04-01 CN CN85101462A patent/CN85101462B/zh not_active Expired
- 1985-04-09 CA CA000478646A patent/CA1241267A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1241267A (en) | 1988-08-30 |
WO1985004616A1 (en) | 1985-10-24 |
KR940006184B1 (ko) | 1994-07-11 |
CN85101462A (zh) | 1987-01-17 |
KR860700015A (ko) | 1986-01-31 |
EP0179787A1 (en) | 1986-05-07 |
JPS61501757A (ja) | 1986-08-21 |
US4700720A (en) | 1987-10-20 |
JPH0716907B2 (ja) | 1995-03-01 |
GB8409157D0 (en) | 1984-05-16 |
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