CN2729185Y - Wall structure - Google Patents
Wall structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN2729185Y CN2729185Y CN 200420073889 CN200420073889U CN2729185Y CN 2729185 Y CN2729185 Y CN 2729185Y CN 200420073889 CN200420073889 CN 200420073889 CN 200420073889 U CN200420073889 U CN 200420073889U CN 2729185 Y CN2729185 Y CN 2729185Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a wall structure, which comprises building blocks used for forming walls. The building blocks are longitudinally connected together and overlapped layer by layer to form wall layers. The building blocks of the adjacent wall layers are alternatively arranged mutually. The building blocks are longitudinal section bars, and each building block comprises a top face, a bottom face and two end faces; the cross section of the building blocks is forms a downward bell mouth shape integrally; the top face has a middle ridge and two low sides, which forms a left and a right supporting slope; when the wall layers formed by the building blocks are combined with a column of the walls, the side edge of the column is provided with an overhanging block, one end face of the overhanging block is jointed with the surface of the column, another end face is jointed with the end face of the building blocks, the top face of the overhanging block is matched with the bottom face of the building blocks in an upper layer, and the bottom face of the overhanging block is matched with the top face of the building blocks in a lower layer; a plurality of the overhanging blocks arranged in order in a spacing way on the surface of the column and is jointed to the adjacent building blocks dislocatingly overlapped. The utility model provides a stable wall structure with the functions of water leakage prevention, water permeation, soil keeping and shock resistance.
Description
(1) technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of construction wall with two-sided obstruction and supporting role, and the joint of especially a kind of masonry and frame column also can prevent the construction wall that leaks.
(2) background technology
Anti-leak, the permeable soil that stays, be the great difficult problem of building field.
Buildings such as house, tunnel, subway, wave wall, underground warehouse, underground people's air defense, mine, tunnel need anti-leaking, but because of contraction, humiture variation, differential settlement, the many reasons of load action, often make some position of construction wall produce crack and cause and leak, this is still the common fault that present construction work exists.
The position that leaks mainly is: 1. the seam of building by laying bricks or stones of the masonry of concrete block masonry leaks, 2. in the building of frame construction, leak between masonry and the frame column, 3. in the building of frame construction, leak between the upper surface of masonry and Vierendeel girder, 4. in the building of frame construction, leak between the soffit of masonry and Vierendeel girder.
Solution is built seam by laying bricks or stones and is leaked, and prior art mainly is: the shrinkage joint is set, strengthen beam column, reduce roof system with the temperature difference of masonry alleviating the crack, but, leak so can not effect a radical cure because of the crack can not solve at all; The design of adopting the building block of band groove tenon class is also arranged, and bonding mutually by building block makes masonry have some leakproof effects, but or because of producing complexity or because of building inconvenience by laying bricks or stones or because of deficient function, but the leakproof problem of seam is built in the basic solution of finally all failing by laying bricks or stones.
Solve the seepy question of the joint of masonry and frame column, prior art mainly is: whenever stretch out reinforcing bar at a distance of 500cm on the frame column and be embedded in building by laying bricks or stones in the seam of masonry, sometimes also water to smash and be tie-beam, to strengthen engaging of masonry and frame column, alleviate cracking herein, but can not effect a radical cure cracking, thoroughly leakproof.
Between the upper surface of masonry and Vierendeel girder, the soffit, there is not anti-method of leaking so far.
(3) summary of the invention
, poor seismic behavior poor, deficiency poor for applicability for the leak resistance that overcomes existing body of wall, and solve the seepy question of masonry and the joint of frame column in the prior art, the firm wall body structure of while antidetonation.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of wall body structure comprises the building block that forms described body of wall, and described building block is vertically joined and formed the wall layer, described wall is stacked layer by layer to be put, interlaced layout between the building block of adjacent wall layer, described building block is a longitudinal profile, comprises end face, bottom surface and two end faces; The cross section of described building block is bell mouth shape down on the whole; Described end face has middle ridge, and both sides are low, forms left and right support slopes; Described end face and bottom surface are such formation, when described building block and below the stacked formation body of wall of similar building block the time, the left and right support slopes of the end face of following facing block contacts with the bottom surface of described building block, thereby with two building block lockings, has stoped relative laterally moving; The longitudinal profile of indication, be not for the cross section on the pure geometry all identical, but the longitudinal profile with identical principal character for example establishes tongue and groove or establishes the hole in building block inside on two end faces, here still is summarized within all identical longitudinal profile of cross section.When the wall layer that described building block forms combines with the post in the described body of wall, described post side is provided with overhanging, described overhanging comprises upper surface, soffit, two end faces and two sides, described overhanging an end face and described post surface engagement, the end joined of another end face and described building block, described overhanging is connected with described column sealing, and described overhanging end face cooperates with the bottom surface of upper strata building block, and described overhanging bottom surface cooperates with the end face of lower floor's building block; A plurality of described overhanging is spaced in order on the post surface, and described a plurality of overhanging and the dislocation stacked building blocks adjacent with post engage.
Further, when the upper surface of the beam in the wall layer that described building block forms and the described body of wall combined, the upper surface of described beam was provided with the projection chimeric with the bottom surface of described building block, and described projection extends on the post at two adjacent bean column node places; When the soffit of the beam in the wall layer that described building block forms and the described body of wall combined, the soffit of the beam in the described body of wall was provided with the recess that combines with the end face of described building block, and described recess extends on the post at two adjacent bean column node places.
Further again, wall body structure described in the utility model recommends to use also, and the building block of the following characteristics of tool is built into: the bottom of the support slopes of described building block has shoulder, described shoulder comprises upper table surface, platform bottom surface and transverse side, and described upper table surface, upper ramps and middle ridge constitute end face; The loudspeaker recess of the bottom surface of jut that the slope of both sides constitutes and adjacent upper strata building block is bonded.
Further, wall body structure described in the utility model more recommends to have such shape and size with building block, thereby when three similar building blocks were stacked up and down, the ridge of bottom building block was higher than the footing portion of building block topmost.The formed body of wall of building block with such shape and size can be got rid of the possibility that puzzle joint leaks fully.Here said footing portion refers to the middle ridge to be the building block both sides lowest part separately on boundary.
Described overhanging with described post be one.
Described projection and described beam column with waterproof material for being tightly connected.Described projection and described beam column are one.
One side of described wall body structure is if there is structure, and body of wall can be connected with described structure by connector.
One side of described wall body structure has structure, and body of wall also can be connected with structure by the aperture plate sheet.
Need to prove that wall body structure of the present utility model can be used for anti-pierced wall and the permeable body of wall that stays soil.Be used for the permeable body of wall that stays soil, when building by laying bricks or stones, the perps place that builds seam, particularly blockhouse by laying bricks or stones will leave the water-permeable passage that connects the body of wall two sides, preferably laid dry.
The beneficial effect of wall body structure described in the utility model mainly shows:
1, the seepy question of masonry and frame column joint in the solution wall body structure;
2, the seepy question of masonry and Vierendeel girder joint in the solution wall body structure;
3, building block is a rigid member, its end face and bottom surface cooperate can rise structure chain, carry stabilization, non-bearing wall body was also bonded closely; In the wall body structure masonry with frame column, beam is chain engages, body of wall is chain, and to be that an integral body, antidetonation are anti-incline, and improves the stability and safety performance greatly;
4, simple, the easy construction of method helps the reduction of erection time, reduces cost.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that forms a kind of building block of body of wall of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of wall body structure.
Fig. 3 is building block and the structural representation that cooperates of the soffit of beam.
The structural representation of the another kind of building block of Fig. 4.
Fig. 5 is the block structure figure that has one-sided shoulder.
Fig. 6 is the block structure figure that has the bilateral shoulder.
Fig. 7 is the block structure figure that top that middle ridge is mesa-shaped, bottom surface is mesa-shaped.
Fig. 8 is that transverse side is the block structure figure on inclined plane.
Fig. 9 is that the shoulder of both sides is not at conplane block structure figure.
Figure 10 is the width block structure figure inequality of the shoulder of both sides.
Figure 11 is the block structure figure that top that middle ridge is mesa-shaped, bottom surface is mesa-shaped.
Figure 12 is that a side has shoulder, and opposite side does not have the block structure figure of shoulder.
Figure 13 is the block structure figure that has vertical core on the shoulder.
Figure 14 is the block structure figure that has vertical hole.
Figure 15 is the block structure figure that has longitudinal opening on the shoulder.
Figure 16 is the sectional drawing of body of wall shown in Figure 2.
Figure 17 is building block and the another kind of structural representation that cooperates of the soffit of beam.
Figure 18 is a post and overhanging structural representation.
Figure 19 is the structural representation of projection and beam column.
Figure 20 is the structural representation of building by laying bricks or stones between the building block in the body of wall.
Figure 21 is the structural representation of another kind of masonry way between the building block in the body of wall.
Figure 22 is the structural representation of another masonry way between the building block in the body of wall.
Figure 23 is the lateral force schematic diagram of the body of wall of building block formation.
Figure 24 is a kind of tunnel lining wall body structure schematic diagram.
Figure 25 is a kind of wall body structure schematic diagram that has air layer.
Figure 26 is a kind of wall body structure schematic diagram that connector is connected with the external structure body that is provided with.
Figure 27 is a kind of wall body structure schematic diagram that is provided with every anti-layer.
Figure 28 is the structural representation of permeable soil keeping wall, and the bottom building block of this body of wall has the shoulder of broad.
Figure 29 is the structural representation of the permeable soil keeping wall of inclination.
Figure 30 is a kind of structural representation of permeable soil keeping wall, and the building block of employing as shown in figure 11.
Figure 31 is a kind of structural representation of permeable soil keeping wall, and the shoulder of building block is towards land side.
Figure 32 is a kind of structural representation of earth and rockfill dam body of wall.
Figure 33 is a kind of structural representation of the underground storehouse body of wall that catchments.
Figure 34 is a kind of structural representation of check dam body of wall.
Figure 35 is a kind of structural representation of the cofferdam body of wall of building up fields.
Figure 36 is the structural representation that has the barricade body of connector.
Figure 37 is the barricade body structure schematic diagram that has the aperture plate sheet.
Figure 38 is a kind of wall body structure schematic diagram of building perps by laying bricks or stones that is provided with increasing.
Figure 39 comprises the wall body structure schematic diagram that forms with the similar building block of Figure 13.
(5) specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
A kind of wall body structure, comprise the building block that forms described body of wall, described building block is vertically joined and is formed the wall layer, described wall is stacked layer by layer to be put, interlaced layout between the building block of adjacent wall layer, and described building block is a longitudinal profile, the longitudinal profile of indication, be not for the cross section on the pure geometry is all identical, but have the longitudinal profile of identical principal character, building block comprises end face 1, bottom surface 2 and two end faces 3; The cross section of building block is bell mouth shape down on the whole; End face 1 has middle ridge 6, and both sides are low, forms left support slopes 4, right support slopes 4; End face 1 and bottom surface 2 are such formation, when building block and below the stacked formation body of wall of similar building block the time, the left and right support slopes of the end face 1 of following facing block contacts with the bottom surface 2 of building block, thereby with two building blocks lockings, has stoped relative laterally moving; When the wall layer that described building block forms combines with the post in the described body of wall, described post side is provided with overhanging 7, described overhanging comprises upper surface, soffit, two end faces and two sides, described overhanging an end face and described post surface engagement, described overhanging is connected with described column sealing, the end joined of another end face and described building block, described overhanging end face cooperates with the bottom surface of upper strata building block, and described overhanging bottom surface cooperates with the end face of lower floor's building block; A plurality of described overhanging is spaced in order on the post surface, and described a plurality of overhanging and the dislocation stacked building blocks adjacent with post engage.
When the upper surface of the beam in the wall layer that building block forms and the described body of wall combined, the upper surface of described beam was provided with the projection 8 chimeric with the bottom surface of described building block, and described projection extends on the post at two adjacent bean column node places; When the soffit of the beam in the wall layer that building block forms and the body of wall combined, the soffit of the beam in the body of wall was provided with the recess 9 that combines with the end face of building block, and recess extends on the post at two adjacent bean column node places.
The bottom of the support slopes of building block has shoulder 10, shoulder comprises upper table surface 11, platform bottom surface 12 and transverse side 13, upper table surface and upper ramps 5 constitutes support slopes, and the jut that sloped sides constitutes and the horn mouth of bottom surface 2 are bonded, and can be one-sidedly to have shoulder or bilateral has shoulder.
Building block has such shape and size, thereby when three similar building blocks are stacked up and down, the ridge 6 of bottom building block is higher than the footing portion 14 of building block topmost, and the formed body of wall of building block with such shape and size can be got rid of the possibility that puzzle joint leaks fully.Here said footing portion refers to the middle ridge to be the building block both sides lowest part separately on boundary.
Described overhanging with described post be one.
Described projection and described beam column with waterproof material for being tightly connected.Described projection and described beam column are one.
One side of wall body structure has structure, and described body of wall is connected with described structure by connector 19.
One side of wall body structure has structure, and described body of wall is connected with described structure by aperture plate sheet 23.
Building block shown in Figure 1, it is longitudinal profile, its cross section is bell mouth shape down on the whole, building block comprises end face 1, bottom surface 2 and two end faces 3, end face 1 has middle ridge 6, and both sides are low, forms left support slopes 4, right support slopes 4, the top of its middle ridge 6 is pointed shape, and the top of bottom surface 2 also is pointed shape.
Wall body structure shown in Figure 2, the wall layer that building block forms combines with the post in the described body of wall, the post side is provided with overhanging 7, overhanging comprises upper surface, soffit, two end faces and two sides, overhanging an end face and described post surface engagement, the end joined of another end face and building block, overhanging end face cooperates with the bottom surface of upper strata building block, and overhanging bottom surface cooperates with the end face of lower floor's building block; A plurality of overhanging is spaced in order on the post surface, and a plurality of overhanging and the dislocation stacked building blocks adjacent with post engage.
Among Fig. 2, when the upper surface of the beam in the wall layer that building block forms and the body of wall combined, the upper surface of beam was provided with the projection 8 chimeric with the bottom surface of building block, and projection extends on the post at two adjacent bean column node places.
The structural representation that cooperates of building block that shown in Figure 3 is and the upper surface of beam, when the soffit of the beam in the wall layer that building block forms and the body of wall combines, the soffit of the beam in the body of wall is provided with the recess 9 that combines with the end face of building block, and recess extends on the post at two adjacent bean column node places.
Fig. 4 is the building block based on building block shown in Figure 1, has transverse side 13.
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are the building blocks that has shoulder 10 based on Fig. 4, shoulder comprises upper table surface 11, platform bottom surface 12, transverse side 13, upper table surface and upper ramps and middle ridge constitute end face, when building block and above the stacked formation body of wall of similar building block the time, the loudspeaker recess of jut that sloped sides constitutes and top similar building block bottom surface is bonded.One side of building block shown in Figure 5 has shoulder, and the both sides of building block shown in Figure 6 all have shoulder, helps carrying.The width of bilateral shoulder, highly can have nothing in common with each other.
Building block shown in Figure 7, based on building block shown in Figure 4, the top that middle ridge is mesa-shaped, bottom surface is mesa-shaped.
Fig. 8, Fig. 9, building block shown in Figure 10 are based on building block shown in Figure 6.The transverse side of building block shown in Figure 8 is the inclined plane.The both sides shoulder of building block shown in Figure 9 is not at grade.The width of the both sides shoulder of building block shown in Figure 10 is inequality
Building block shown in Figure 11, based on building block shown in Figure 1, the top that middle ridge is mesa-shaped, bottom surface is mesa-shaped.
Building block shown in Figure 12, based on building block shown in Figure 5, its transverse side is the inclined plane.
Figure 13, building block shown in Figure 14, its inside is provided with the hole.Building block shown in Figure 13 has vertical core 15 on the shoulder.Building block shown in Figure 14 has vertical hole 16.
Building block shown in Figure 15 has longitudinal opening 17 on its shoulder.
Figure 16 is the sectional drawing of body of wall shown in Figure 2.
The process of the leakproof of wall body structure of the present invention can be seen from Fig. 2, Figure 16: when the body of wall either side has water, arrow shown in Fig. 2 is represented flowing water, if the water desire from the masonry transverse joint deeply then is blocked in the both sides of support slopes, thereby plays the transverse joint leakproof effect of building by laying bricks or stones by the building block support slopes; If the water desire from the masonry perps deeply, water inwardly flows downwards because of action of gravity, and is blocked in the both sides of support slopes by the support slopes of following one deck building block of the formed perps of this layer building block, thereby plays the perps leakproof effect of building by laying bricks or stones.Leaking has certain rule, is generally downwards inwardly form.As can be seen from Figure 16, desirable leakproof situation is: when building block has such shape and size, thereby when three similar building blocks are stacked up and down, when the ridge 6 of bottom building block is higher than the footing portion of building block topmost, the water of body of wall either side always is supported the slope and keeps off go back to the same side, can not leak to opposite side from building transverse joint or perps by laying bricks or stones deeply.
See from Fig. 2, concrete post in the body of wall is combined closely with the blockwork layer by overhanging 7, as mentioned above, and building block and overhanging transverse joint that engages, perps place, building block support slopes, overhanging support slopes play the leakproof effect, thus the perfect leakproof problem that has solved between concrete post and the blockwork layer.See from Fig. 2, Figure 16, building block is vertically joined and is formed the wall layer, wall is stacked layer by layer to be put, interlaced layout between the building block of adjacent wall layer, the left and right support slopes of the end face of following facing block contacts with adjacent bottom surface of going up facing block, thereby with two building block lockings, has stoped relative laterally moving, chain mutually, improve integrality of wall, stability.
As shown in Figure 2, when the upper surface of the beam in the wall layer that building block forms and the body of wall combines, the upper surface of beam is provided with the projection 8 chimeric with the bottom surface of building block, projection extends on the post at two adjacent bean column node places, the upper surface of beam and the leakproof problem between the blockwork layer have been solved, and chain be one, improve integrality of wall, stability.
As shown in Figure 3, when the soffit of the beam in the wall layer that building block forms and the body of wall combines, the soffit of the beam in the body of wall is provided with the recess 9 that combines with the end face of building block, and recess extends on the post at two adjacent bean column node places, has solved the upper surface of beam and the leakproof problem between the blockwork layer; And the end face of building block enters the recess of the soffit of beam, helps the stable of body of wall.
Figure 17 is building block and the another kind of structural representation that cooperates of the upper surface of beam, when building block during near the soffit of beam, splash guard 18 is installed earlier in the recess 9 of the soffit of beam, and splash guard covers the left and right support slopes of building block respectively, and little building block is inserted in the outside of splash guard again.
Figure 18 is a post and overhanging structural representation, and overhanging joint with post is provided with waterproof material 19.Overhanging length is generally less than the building block total length.The pillar of frame construction generally precasts overhanging on post, make overhanging with post be one, this is the better seal connected mode.Also can overhanging that make be installed on the pillar, overhanging with modes such as the employing welding of pillar, bolt.When installing overhanging, must waterproof material be set with sealed against leakage between pillar and overhanging, as being clipped in waterproof material such as rubber, ointment, glass cements between pillar and overhanging, watertight welding also can be considered and is tightly connected.
Shown in Figure 19 is the structural representation of projection and beam column, and the projection of the upper surface of beam and the joint of beam column are tightly connected by being provided with waterproof material 19, and method to set up, leak preventing effect are with shown in Figure 180 identical.For the concrete beam of frame construction, the better seal connected mode generally is to make projection at the beam top-pour, makes projection and beam be one.For steel column, girder steel, overhanging, projection can with its seal welding.
Figure 20, Figure 21, Figure 22 are the structural representations of building by laying bricks or stones between the building block in the body of wall.In the wall layer shown in Figure 20, be covered with mortar on the shoulder of building block.In the wall layer shown in Figure 21, be covered with mortar on the slope of building block end face.In the wall layer shown in Figure 22, be covered with mortar on the end face of building block.Mortar is not all laid in building by laying bricks or stones of wall layer in the perps.More accurate or build by laying bricks or stones less demanding or need when permeable better when the size of building block, building seam by laying bricks or stones also can laid dry, sanding slurry.
Shown in Figure 23 is the lateral force schematic diagram of body of wall.When body of wall was subjected to lateral force, the slope trend of building block bottom surface was kept out by the ridge 6 of lower floor's building block, and ridge 6 is difficult to cross the thick line shown in the figure, thereby gets back to stable state; Have only when lateral force greatly when building block is ruptured, body of wall is just understood unstability.And the post in the body of wall, beam, building block are by overhanging, projection and recess is combined closely, chain mutually, compare with the body of wall of the prior art that the mortar bonding force is only arranged, its resistance to capsizing, anti-seismic performance improve greatly, highly stable firmly.
Figure 24 is a kind of tunnel lining wall body structure schematic diagram, adopted Fig. 5, building block shown in Figure 6, is provided with connector 20, every anti-layer 21.The ground face of tunnel excavation will make to spray anchor usually, also has concrete sandwich between the blockwork that spray anchor layer and building block are built into usually, is located between blockwork and the concrete sandwich every anti-layer.Every anti-layer cast-in-place concrete sandwich can not bondd with blockwork, form air layer 22 thereby make between anti-layer and blockwork.The effect of air layer is to build the environment that leaks for leaking.Pass when leaking spray anchor layer and concrete sandwich the slit, flow to after between anti-layer and the blockwork, leaking in air layer is stopped by blockwork.For strengthening the intensity of tunnel lining, can couple together blockwork and concrete sandwich with connector, also can couple together blockwork and spray anchor layer, rock-soil layer with spray anchor pole class connector.The tunnel lining body of wall has the flexibility that adapts to distortion when adopting laid dry, deformation joint can be set, and does not also have constuction joint, therefore the problem of bringing of deformation joints such as sealing material is aging, strain cracking, constuction joint with regard to not had.The constructions such as hot spray fusing weldering of the sealing of prior art, lining cutting, waterproofing course are subjected to the influence of environment very big; And use concrete block masonry construction of the present invention, and be subjected to the influence of this environment very little, also have the advantage of under adverse circumstances such as severe cold, the many water of ground, constructing especially.Material every anti-layer can be malthoid, plastic sheeting, plastic plate etc., best and adjacent overlapping around anti-material every anti-material, the upper strata every anti-material laminate stay the layer every anti-material, needn't weld by hot spray fusing, there are not the hot spray fusing weldering of waterproofing course omission, the water-repellent paint of prior art to adhere to problems such as not firm yet, whether also needn't worry spray anchor layer, concrete sandwich can leak, and lower than the waterproofing course of prior art every anti-material cost, job practices is simpler greatly than the waterproofing course of prior art.This tunnel lining body of wall also has good chain overall performance.In a word, this tunnel lining body of wall helps simplifying working process, simplifies construction technology, reduces labour intensity, improves speed of application, reduction of erection time, reduction cost.
Figure 25 is a kind of wall body structure schematic diagram that has air layer 22, has adopted the different building block of width, and wide building block forms air layer near concrete wall or ground wall between blockwork and concrete wall or the ground wall, the same Figure 24 of the effect of air layer when building by laying bricks or stones.
Figure 26 is a kind of wall body structure schematic diagram that connector 20 is connected with the external structure body that is provided with, an end of connector and building block or build seam by laying bricks or stones and be connected, and the other end is connected with structure, by connector blockwork and concrete wall or ground wall is coupled together.Body of wall shown in Figure 27 is provided with between blockwork layer and structure every anti-layer.Same Figure 24 of effect every anti-layer, connector.
Figure 24, Figure 25, Figure 26, body of wall shown in Figure 27 can be used for buildings such as tunnel, subway, mine, tunnel, underground people's air defense, underground warehouse, solve its body of wall leakproof problem, and chain stable.If if the water that flows out or spray from the structure slit, through concrete wall or ground wall or after the air layer between anti-layer 21 and the blockwork 22 arrives on the blockworks, always stopped and can not leak by the support slopes of the building block in the blockwork, and keep off back, suitable wall is drained downwards under action of gravity.The leakproof principle of Figure 24, Figure 25, Figure 26, body of wall shown in Figure 27 is with shown in Figure 2 identical, particularly the syndeton at building block and post has adopted the syndeton of overhanging block structure and building block and beam to adopt projection, notch configuration, guarantee the building block and concrete post and building block and the thorough leak preventing effect of engaging of beam of these bodies of wall, and chain firm.
Figure 27, Figure 28, Figure 29, Figure 30, Figure 31, Figure 32, Figure 33, Figure 34, Figure 35 are that wall body structure of the present invention is at the permeable embodiment that stays cubic metre of earth face, building block is vertically joined and is formed the wall layer, wall is stacked layer by layer to be put, interlaced layout between the building block of adjacent wall layer, the left and right support slopes of the end face of following facing block contacts with adjacent bottom surface of going up facing block, thereby with two building block lockings, has stoped relative laterally moving, chain mutually, improve integrality of wall, stability.
With Figure 27～Figure 28 and Fig. 2, Fig. 3 binding analysis, the permeable of body of wall of the present invention stays native effect therefrom to see.As everyone knows, muddy water is in flowing, and then deposition is many slowly for little deposit when flow velocity is fast, flow velocity.When muddy water directly flows out from the wall hole, do not stopped, flow velocity is fast, earth is taken away many; Slowed down then slow falling long-pending many, the minimizing soil erosion of flow velocity as if stopping.Build seam by laying bricks or stones when being provided with water-permeable passage when body of wall, by as Figure 20, Figure 21, building method shown in Figure 22, build seam by laying bricks or stones and leave the water-permeable passage that connects the body of wall both sides, or build seam by laying bricks or stones for laid dry, muddy water in the soil body arrives transverse joint and perps that the body of wall place enters body of wall, stopped by the support slopes of building block and assembles rising, and the water that only is higher than building block middle ridge 6 could overflow middle ridge and flow out body of wall; Muddy water is in assembling the process that raises, and the accumulation of mud in the water gets off.Middle ridge 6 is high more, and the spilling water effect is good more, and the permeable effect of soil of staying is also good more.Desirable permeablely stay native effect to be: building block has such shape and size, thereby when three similar building blocks were stacked up and down, the ridge 6 of bottom building block was higher than the footing portion 14 of building block topmost.This situation is that the muddy water that enters perps also all is the permeable mode of overflow.Can become the spilling water passage because the everywhere of body of wall is built seam by laying bricks or stones, so the muddy water at the arbitrary place of arrival body of wall all is that long-pending rising foam goes out mode in the soil body nearby, draining is rapid, stays soil reliable.Because draining is rapid, the water pressure in the soil body reduces to such an extent that almost can ignore, and has improved the resistance to capsizing of body of wall greatly.Owing to stay soil reliable, the soil stabilization of body of wall back, be difficult to wash in a pan empty, improved the stabilizing power of body of wall greatly.And building block is staggered stacked, chain mutually, has improved integrality of wall greatly.
When the lateral force of permeable soil keeping wall, for example be subjected to water and soil pressure, as shown in figure 23, the slope trend of building block bottom surface is kept out by the ridge 6 of lower floor's building block, and ridge 6 is difficult to cross the thick line in the loudspeaker recess shown in Figure 23, thereby gets back to stable state; Have only when lateral force greatly when building block is ruptured, body of wall is just understood unstability.Therefore, compare with the body of wall that the mortar bonding force is only arranged, the resistance to capsizing of permeable soil keeping wall shown in Figure 23 improves greatly, and anti-seismic performance improves greatly.
For strengthening chain globality, the stability against over turning ability of permeable soil keeping wall, in Figure 27～body of wall shown in Figure 28 pillar is set, press Fig. 2, method shown in Figure 180, on pillar, be provided with overhanging 7 and engage with building block, make the concrete post in the body of wall engage more firm with wall.By overhanging setting, make the joint of masonry and frame column can permeablely stay soil.
Permeable soil keeping wall adopts laid dry or unsaturated building by laying bricks or stones, body of wall has flexibility, adapt to sedimentation, deformation such as flexible, generally constuction joint, deformation joint needn't be set, help simplifying working process, simplify construction technology, reduce labour intensity, improve speed of application, reduction of erection time, reduction cost, also be particularly conducive to the rush construction repairing.During practice of construction, can adopt the method that strengthens perps, both can reduce the building block consumption, also aesthetic arranged.
Body of wall shown in Figure 28, the building block of the shoulder that has broad shown in Figure 10 has been adopted in its body of wall bottom.The shoulder of the broad of building block is towards by a soil body of retaining, be pressed in the soil body on the shoulder of broad from planting antidumping, help improving the stability of permeable soil keeping wall.In the practicality, also has the stable method of many reinforcement permeable soil keeping walls.For example, adopt building block shown in Figure 13, in its vertical core 15, put into rod members such as reinforcing bar, batten, pour into concrete; And for example, adopt the building method of T-shaped wall, the body of wall of T-shaped head is a permeable soil keeping wall, and the body of wall of T-shaped bottom is a load bearing wall, and load bearing wall stretches into the soil body and allows the soil body push down, and the bottom of load bearing wall is wideer than its top.
Body of wall shown in Figure 29 is according to being tilted and tilt by block body.Body of wall shown in Figure 30, the building block of employing as shown in Figure 7, a side near water, opposite side retaining soil, the body of wall footing mask of the building block of side near water has the wave effect that disappears.Body of wall shown in Figure 31, the building block of employing as shown in figure 12, the body of wall transverse side of the building block of side near water has the wave effect of disappearing, the shoulder of building block is in the soil body one side of backwater, than wall stability shown in Figure 30.
Figure 32 is a kind of earth and rockfill dam body of wall, the upstream dam facing has adopted building block shown in Figure 6, and the downstream dam facing has adopted building block shown in Figure 5, and the wave wall of dam crest has adopted building block shown in Figure 6 and shown in Figure 10 widened building block, upstream dam facing, downstream dam facing are the barricade body, and wave wall is the leakproof body of wall.Building block dam facing in upstream is the permeable soil that stays, and the inboard of downstream building block dam facing is that permeable soil, the outside stayed leaks for anti-, protects the safety and stability of earth and rockfill dam effectively.The anti-effect of leaking in the downstream building block dam facing outside can be used for the flood discharge draining, broken through the forbidden zone that the building block dam facing can not the flood discharge draining.Its leak preventing effect is with shown in Figure 2 identical, permeable soil and Figure 28, shown in Figure 29 identical of staying.Figure 32 also can be considered the generalized section of dyke, or the generalized section of embankment, or the generalized section of plank road in the water, and effect is identical.
Figure 33 is a kind of underground storehouse body of wall that catchments, and a side is in the storehouse, and opposite side retaining soil is also permeable.Its beneficial effect is: the everywhere of body of wall is built seam by laying bricks or stones can become water-permeable passage, so the muddy water that arrives the arbitrary place of body of wall in the soil body can overflow nearby and into catchment in the storehouse, catchments rapidly; Because the everywhere all is the deposition spilling water, retaining soil is reliable, significantly reduces the mud content that enters the water in the storehouse again, thereby significantly reduces the husky amount of desilting row in the storehouse.
Figure 34 is a kind of check dam body of wall, the permeable sediment trapping of upstream one side, and draining is rapid, and retaining is husky reliable.In dry season, it is minimum that water level is dropped to, and is convenient to take long-pending husky.In order to strengthen the anti-water of body of wall towards ability, body of wall can be widened, or builds and to be double-deck, multilayer body of wall, or in the downstream supporter is set.
Figure 35 is a kind of cofferdam body of wall of building up fields,, adopted the both sides shoulder that the building block of the discrepancy in elevation is arranged, a side of high shoulder is outside the weir, and a side of low shoulder is in the weir.The effect of the side in the weir is a water-deposited soil, and draining is rapid, and long-pending soil is reliable.The shoulder height of the side outside the weir, the height of support slopes is low, and the height of support slopes is generally less than the height of shoulder, and some is directly to cross water, do not have flooding process at the perps place to make water outside the weir, helps into containing the water of soil.When adopting the building method that strengthens perps, more help increasing the water that into contains soil.
Figure 36, permeable soil keeping wall shown in Figure 37 have taked to improve the method for stability.Figure 36 body of wall is strengthened the company of drawing of the bodies of wall and the soil body by connector 20, an end of connector be installed in building block build by laying bricks or stones in the seam, the other end is installed in the soil body or is anchored in the ground.An end that is connected with body of wall of connector is bent into has the shape that can construct and cooperate with the end face of building block or bottom surface or transverse opening, and connector can be steel, aluminium extruded sections etc.Body of wall shown in Figure 37 takes aperture plate sheet 23 to strengthen the company of drawing of the body of wall and the soil body, and an end of aperture plate sheet is connected with body of wall, and the other end is placed in the soil body.The method that the aperture plate sheet is connected with body of wall, or directly the aperture plate sheet is pressed to be stuck in and build by laying bricks or stones in the seam; Or put on rod member, broach and press to be stuck in and build by laying bricks or stones in the seam at aperture plate sheet one end; Or adopt the building block that is provided with longitudinal opening shown in Figure 15, the part aperture plate sheet of putting on rod member, broach is embedded in the longitudinal opening.The material of aperture plate sheet has geonet, plastic wire, wire lath, mesh grid etc.
Figure 38 is a kind of wall body structure schematic diagram of building perps by laying bricks or stones that is provided with increasing.
Figure 39 comprises the wall body structure schematic diagram that forms with the similar building block of Figure 13.
Figure 38, body of wall shown in Figure 39 both can leakproof or the permeable soil that stays, and can be the body of wall greening again, or be ecological wall, beautified the environment the relevant biology of protection.What be provided with increasing in the body of wall shown in Figure 38 builds perps 17 by laying bricks or stones, can adopt Figure 13, Figure 14, building block shown in Figure 15, widen perps 24, and vertical core 15 or vertical hole 16 or opening 17 in can plant flowers and plants or allow the aquatic animal utilization.Body of wall shown in Figure 39 has adopted similar building block shown in Figure 13, can plant flowers and plants or allow the aquatic animal utilization in the vertical core 15.
The masonry in the wall body structure of Figure 29～shown in Figure 39 and the connected structure of post, with the connected structure mode as shown in Figure 2 of the upper surface of beam, with the connected structure of the soffit of beam as shown in Figure 3, this connected structure has guaranteed the permeable native function and the stability against over turning of staying of the integral body of wall body structure.
Said the grouting of the application refers to build by laying bricks or stones with cement mortar, mixing mortar etc., and sticking block refers to build by laying bricks or stones with the solid of a bonding effect such as chemical glue mixture, adhesive or pulp-water etc.; Laid dry is meant direct bond, does not adopt sticking block, grouts; Block material also comprises blocks such as brick, stone, prefabricated component.Structure refers to concrete frame structure, steel work etc., or mine wall, or by a ground of retaining, spray anchor wall, the relevant structure of reinforcing wall.Post in the body of wall comprises the concrete column that constitutes body of wall, concrete wall, steel structure column etc.Beam in the body of wall comprises the concrete beam that constitutes body of wall, concrete wall, steel structure girder etc.
The foregoing description can illustrate, wall body structure of the present utility model, have excellent leakproof, permeable stay the soil effect in, also have good resistance to capsizing, shock resistance, overall stability, and have easy construction, reduction of erection time, advantage such as increase economic efficiency.
Wall body structure of the present utility model, can be used in the house, the leakproof of construction wall such as tunnel, subway, wave wall, underground warehouse, underground people's air defense, mine, tunnel, can be at retaining wall, dyke, refute the permeable important function of staying soil, stability against over turning of various architectural performances such as bank, riverbank, quaywall, bank protection, embankment, sea wall, cofferdam, earth and rockfill dam, groynes, jetty, closure dam, ground sills, check dam, the underground storehouse of catchmenting.
Claims (10)
1. a wall body structure comprises the building block that forms described body of wall, and described building block is vertically joined and formed the wall layer, and described wall is stacked layer by layer to be put, interlaced layout between the building block of adjacent wall layer,
It is characterized in that:
Described building block is a longitudinal profile, comprises end face, bottom surface and two end faces;
The cross section of described building block is bell mouth shape down on the whole;
Described end face has middle ridge, and both sides are low, forms left and right support slopes;
Described end face and bottom surface are such formation, when described building block and below the stacked formation body of wall of similar building block the time, the left and right support slopes of the end face of following facing block contacts with the bottom surface of described building block, thereby with two building block lockings, has stoped relative laterally moving;
When the wall layer that described building block forms combines with the post in the described body of wall, described post side is provided with overhanging, described overhanging comprises upper surface, soffit, two end faces and two sides, a described overhanging end face is connected with described post face seal, the end joined of another end face and described building block, described overhanging end face cooperates with the bottom surface of upper strata building block, and described overhanging bottom surface cooperates with the end face of lower floor's building block; A plurality of described overhanging is spaced in order on the post surface, and described a plurality of overhanging and the dislocation stacked building blocks adjacent with post engage.
2. wall body structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the upper surface of the beam in the wall layer that described building block forms and the described body of wall combines, the upper surface of described beam is provided with the projection chimeric with the bottom surface of described building block, and described projection extends on the post at two adjacent bean column node places;
When the soffit of the beam in the wall layer that described building block forms and the described body of wall combined, the soffit of the beam in the described body of wall was provided with the recess that combines with the end face of described building block, and described recess extends on the post at two adjacent bean column node places.
3. wall body structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the bottom of the support slopes of described building block has shoulder, and described shoulder comprises upper table surface, platform bottom surface and transverse side, and described upper table surface, upper ramps and middle ridge constitute end face; The loudspeaker recess of the bottom surface of jut that the slope of both sides constitutes and adjacent upper strata building block is bonded.
4. wall body structure as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the bottom of the support slopes of described building block has shoulder, and described shoulder comprises upper table surface, platform bottom surface and transverse side, and described upper table surface, upper ramps and middle ridge constitute end face; The loudspeaker recess of the bottom surface of jut that the slope of both sides constitutes and adjacent upper strata building block is bonded.
5. wall body structure as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described building block has such shape and size, thereby when three similar building blocks were stacked up and down, the ridge of bottom building block was higher than the footing portion of building block topmost.
6. as the described wall body structure of one of claim 1～5, it is characterized in that: described overhanging with described post be one.
7. as claim 2 or 4 or 5 described wall body structures, it is characterized in that: described projection and described beam column with waterproof material for being tightly connected.
8. as claim 2 or 4 or 5 described wall body structures, it is characterized in that: described projection and described beam column are one.
9. as the described wall body structure of one of claim 1～5, it is characterized in that: a side of described wall body structure has structure, and described body of wall is connected with described structure by connector.
10. as the described wall body structure of one of claim 1～5, it is characterized in that: a side of described wall body structure has structure, and described body of wall is connected with structure by the aperture plate sheet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200420073889 CN2729185Y (en) | 2004-07-07 | 2004-07-07 | Wall structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200420073889 CN2729185Y (en) | 2004-07-07 | 2004-07-07 | Wall structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2729185Y true CN2729185Y (en) | 2005-09-28 |
Family
ID=35047962
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200420073889 Expired - Fee Related CN2729185Y (en) | 2004-07-07 | 2004-07-07 | Wall structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2729185Y (en) |
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2004
- 2004-07-07 CN CN 200420073889 patent/CN2729185Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Granted publication date: 20050928 Termination date: 20130707 |