CN108978587B - Dyke ecological slope protection structure and construction method - Google Patents
Dyke ecological slope protection structure and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108978587B CN108978587B CN201810758874.1A CN201810758874A CN108978587B CN 108978587 B CN108978587 B CN 108978587B CN 201810758874 A CN201810758874 A CN 201810758874A CN 108978587 B CN108978587 B CN 108978587B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
Abstract
The invention relates to a dam ecological slope protection structure and a construction method, wherein crop planting grooves and connecting strip tenons are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of a top slope protection plate, and a flexible waterproof layer is arranged between the connecting strip tenons and a connecting groove plate on the outer side of a dam filling body; the lower part of the crop planting groove is provided with a water storage groove; the two limiting bodies at the bottom end of the slope protection plate are connected, and a bottom water collecting layer is laid at the bottom inside the dam filling body; a vertical water collecting pipe and a water pumping pipe are arranged in the vertical direction; the lower surfaces of the middle slope protection plate and the bottom slope protection plate are provided with plate bottom connecting ribs and positioning rods, and a rib adding layer and a filling layer are arranged between the middle slope protection plate and the dam filling body; the top slope protection plate is simultaneously provided with a wave-proof body, and two ends of the wave-proof body are respectively connected with the connecting end plate and the limiting connecting rod. The invention can enhance the integrity of the slope protection structure, reduce the influence of waves and backwater on the slope protection body and improve the seepage environment inside the dam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction method of a dam slope protection structure, in particular to a dam ecological slope protection structure and a construction method, which can enhance the integrity of the slope protection structure, reduce the influence of waves and backwater on a slope protection body and improve the seepage environment inside a dam, belong to the field of civil engineering and are suitable for the impending dam engineering.
Background
In river-following dam works, the stability of the dam slope protection structure is often affected by waves, stagnant water, water seepage, and the like. From hydrological data, the water level of the water body adjacent to the dam has obvious seasonality, the water level in the rich water period is obviously higher than that in the dry water period, and the periodic change of the water level can generate adverse effect on the stability of the dam slope structure.
Among the existing engineering structure, there has been a new construction dykes and dams bank protection prefabricated section of utilizing recycled aggregate production, its characterized in that: the main body of the slope protection precast block is a cuboid, the left surface and the right surface are provided with structural grooves, and the front surface and the rear surface are provided with fixing bulges and grooves; the top surface is provided with a triangular slope with the height of 60mm, and an energy dissipation ridge is formed between every two layers of oblique angles; the center of the block body is provided with a drain hole made of a water permeable material. Although the wave has been considered in above-mentioned structure and has been climbed and the drainage problem is strained to the contrary, nevertheless be difficult to effectively strengthen dykes and dams slope protection structure's wholeness, be difficult to control the inside seepage of dykes and dams, can not play the effect that reduces the stormy waves. A protective surface adopts horizontal interlocking type concrete blocks, holes are formed in the blocks, and stable safety of a dam under the condition of large wave scouring can be better realized by determining reasonable hole opening rate, volume weight and thickness of the blocks and designing cushion materials. Analysis shows that the structure does not consider the connection enhancement of the building blocks and the dam, the problem of infiltration damage is difficult to solve, and the integrity of the masonry structure is weak.
In conclusion, although the existing dam masonry structure has a certain application effect under the suitable working condition, the invention mainly focuses on the design innovation of a single plate, and has innovation points in the aspects of enhancing the integrity of a slope protection structure, reducing the influence of waves and backwater on a slope protection body, improving the seepage environment inside the dam and the like. In view of this, based on the actual needs of the current engineering, the invention of an ecological slope protection structure of a dam and a construction method thereof, which have the advantages of strong structural integrity, good anti-seepage performance, convenient construction and effective prevention and control of the influence of waves, is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an ecological slope protection structure for a dam and a construction method thereof, which can not only enhance the integrity of a slope protection structure, but also reduce the influence of waves and stagnant water on a slope protection body and improve the seepage environment inside the dam.
In order to realize the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a dam ecological slope protection structure is characterized by comprising a top slope protection plate, a middle slope protection plate and a bottom slope protection plate which are arranged from top to bottom on a slope of a dam filling body and fixedly connected together along the slope, wherein plate bottom connecting ribs and positioning rods are arranged on the lower surfaces of the middle slope protection plate and the bottom slope protection plate, and a rib adding layer and a filling layer are sequentially arranged between the dam filling body and the middle slope protection plate and the bottom slope protection plate from inside to outside; the bottom of the bottom slope protection plate is fixed on a dam foundation soil layer through a second anchoring rib, and the inner side and the outer side of the bottom slope protection plate are also respectively provided with a first limiting body and a second limiting body for clamping the first limiting body and the second limiting body; a vertical water collecting pipe is vertically arranged in the dam filling body, a bottom water collecting layer is arranged at the bottom of the dam filling body and is paved to the vertical water collecting pipe, and a water pumping pipe communicated with the outside of the dam filling body is arranged in the vertical water collecting pipe; the bottom plate of the top slope protection plate is provided with a connecting strip tenon, the upper part of the slope surface of the dam filling body is provided with a mortise, the mortise is provided with a connecting groove plate with the same shape as the mortise and is fixed on the dam filling body through a first anchoring rib, the top slope protection plate is fixed on the connecting groove plate through the connecting strip tenon, and a flexible waterproof layer is arranged between the connecting groove plate and the connecting strip tenon; the outer surface of the top slope protection plate is provided with a crop planting groove and a wave-proof body, the outer side of the crop planting groove is provided with a connecting end plate, the upper end of the connecting end plate is fixed with the upper end of the wave-proof body, the middle slope protection plate is provided with two rows of transverse connecting ribs which extend to the interior of a dam filling body, and the two rows of transverse connecting ribs are fixed together with the lower end of the wave-proof body through a limiting connecting rod.
The middle part of the crop planting groove is provided with a connecting step, a planting groove bottom plate is arranged on the connecting step to divide the crop planting groove into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a planting groove, the lower part is a water storage groove, an exhaust strip is arranged on the planting groove bottom plate, a reverse filtering and ventilating layer is arranged on the exhaust strip, planting soil is arranged on the reverse filtering and ventilating layer, and a water suction pipe is arranged on the reverse filtering and ventilating layer to the water storage groove; the upper part of the side wall of the crop planting groove is provided with an overflow hole, and the crop planting groove, the connecting step, the connecting end plate and the top slope protection plate are integrally poured to form the crop planting groove.
The cross sections of the connecting strip tenon and the connecting groove plate are trapezoidal and are adhered and connected with the flexible waterproof layer.
And a reverse filtering layer is also arranged between the vertical water collecting pipe and the dam filling body, and a water-resisting layer using a civil membrane or a rubber membrane is arranged on the outer side of the second limiting body.
And the joint of the middle slope protection plate and the bottom slope protection plate is provided with corresponding joint steps, and the joint steps are fixed with the waterproof strips through joint bonding layers.
The inner side end of the transverse connecting rib is provided with an enlarged end, the outer side of the transverse connecting rib is connected with an anchor backing plate fixedly arranged on the surface of the middle slope protection plate, a sleeve connecting rod is arranged on the upper row of anchor backing plates, and a connecting lifting hook is arranged on the lower row of anchor backing plates; the outer end of the sleeve connecting rod is provided with a limiting sleeve; the bottom end of the limiting connecting rod is connected with the connecting lifting hook through a rod bottom connecting ring, the middle of the limiting connecting rod penetrates through the limiting sleeve, the top of the limiting connecting rod is fixed on the wave-proof body, and a first limiting ring and a second limiting ring are further arranged at the joint of the top of the limiting connecting rod and the wave-proof body.
The wave-proof body is made of geotextile or rubber sheets, a connecting transverse plate is arranged at the connecting end of the wave-proof body and the connecting end plate, and a lantern ring is arranged at the connecting end of the wave-proof body and the limiting connecting rod; the connecting transverse plate is connected with the connecting end plate through a fastening bolt; the bottom water collecting layer adopts a drainage plate or a drainage strip, and the filling layer adopts cement concrete or cement mortar or asphalt mixture.
The limiting connecting rod is made of a steel pipe or a plastic pipe, the bottom of the limiting connecting rod is provided with a rod bottom connecting ring to be connected with the connecting lifting hook, and the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring at the top of the limiting connecting rod are connected to the limiting connecting rod through screws.
The top end of the positioning rod is connected with the middle slope protection plate or the bottom slope protection plate, the bottom end of the positioning rod is inserted into the dam filling body, a position adjusting plate is arranged at the joint of the bottom end of the positioning rod and the dam filling body, and the position adjusting plate is connected with the positioning rod through a screw; the plate bottom connecting ribs are arranged along the plate bottoms of the middle slope protection plate and the bottom slope protection plate, one end of each plate bottom connecting rib is arranged in the middle slope protection plate and the bottom slope protection plate, and the other end of each plate bottom connecting rib extends out of the surfaces of the middle slope protection plate and the bottom slope protection plate by 2-4 cm.
The utility model provides an ecological slope protection structure of dykes and dams, includes following construction steps:
(1) preparing a component: preparing a top slope protection plate, a middle slope protection plate and a bottom slope protection plate by adopting reinforced concrete materials, respectively arranging crop planting grooves and connecting bar tenons on the upper surface and the lower surface of the top slope protection plate, and arranging plate bottom connecting ribs and positioning rods on the lower surfaces of the middle slope protection plate and the bottom slope protection plate; manufacturing an anchor backing plate according to the anchoring requirement, and firmly connecting the anchor backing plate with the sleeve connecting rod or the connecting lifting hook; preparing a connecting groove plate according to the size condition of the connecting strip tenon;
(2) constructing a first limiting body and a second limiting body: erecting a template at the position of the bottom slope protection plate, and respectively pouring to form a first limiting body and a second limiting body;
(3) laying a water-resisting layer and a bottom water collecting layer: paving a water-resisting layer and a bottom water collecting layer on the upper surface of the dam foundation soil layer respectively, wherein the water-resisting layer is paved on the outer side of the second limiting body, and the bottom water collecting layer is paved between the first limiting body and the vertical water collecting pipe;
(4) and (3) dam filling construction: according to the size requirement of the dam filling body, filling dam fillers from bottom to top in layers to form the dam filling body;
(5) the vertical water collecting pipe is arranged: firstly, vertically guiding holes in a dam filling body, inserting a vertical water collecting pipe connected with an inverted filter layer to the lower part of a bottom water collecting layer, and then inserting a water pumping pipe in the vertical water collecting pipe;
(6) the transverse connecting ribs are arranged: transversely guiding holes on the outer side of the dam filling body, inserting transverse connecting ribs into the holes, and grouting the end parts of the inner sides of the transverse connecting ribs to form enlarged end heads;
(7) the bottom slope protection plate and the middle slope protection plate are arranged: paving a reinforcement layer on the outer side surface of the dam filling body, installing a first anchoring rib on the lower part of the bottom slope protection plate, and adjusting the position of the positioning plate on the positioning rod according to the thickness requirement of the filling layer; firstly, inserting a bottom slope protection plate into a gap between a first limiting body and a second limiting body, then installing a middle slope protection plate from bottom to top, and arranging a seam step, a seam bonding layer and a waterproof strip between the connected middle slope protection plates and at the seam between the middle slope protection plate and the bottom slope protection plate;
(8) and (3) setting a filling layer: filling a filling material downwards from a gap between the uppermost row of middle slope protection plates and the dam filling body to form a filling layer;
(9) and (3) laying a top slope protection plate: firstly, mounting a connecting groove plate on the outer side of a dam filling body, mounting a top slope protection plate on the upper part of the uppermost row of middle slope protection plates, arranging a flexible waterproof layer between a connecting strip tenon on the bottom surface of the top slope protection plate and the connecting groove plate, and arranging a seam step, a seam bonding layer and a waterproof strip at the seam between the middle slope protection plate and the top slope protection plate;
(10) stretching and drawing transverse connecting bars and setting an anchor backing plate: after the end head is expanded to form strength, arranging an anchor backing plate outside the transverse connecting rib, checking that the positions of a connecting lifting hook and a sleeve connecting rod outside the anchor backing plate meet the requirements, and applying tensile force to the transverse connecting rib;
(11) arranging limiting connecting rods: firstly, arranging a limiting sleeve at the outer side end of a sleeve connecting rod, arranging a rod bottom connecting ring at the bottom of the limiting connecting rod, then sleeving the limiting connecting rod in the limiting sleeve from the bottom of the limiting sleeve, and firmly connecting the rod bottom connecting ring at the bottom of the limiting connecting rod with a connecting lifting hook;
(12) wave-proof body setting: the first limiting ring is installed on the top of the limiting connecting rod, a connecting transverse plate is arranged at the connecting end of the wave-proof body and the connecting end plate, and the connecting transverse plate and the connecting end plate are fixed through fastening bolts; arranging a lantern ring at the joint of the wave-proof body and the limiting connecting rod, arranging the lantern ring on the upper part of the first limiting ring, and finally installing the second limiting ring;
(13) and (3) paving planting soil: firstly, arranging a planting groove bottom plate on a connecting step of a crop planting groove; then the bottom end of the water suction pipe is inserted into the water storage tank; then laying an exhaust strip and a reverse filtering and ventilating layer on the bottom plate of the planting tank, and enabling the reverse filtering and ventilating layer and the water suction pipe to enable the exhaust strip to extend to the outer side of the vertical plate of the planting tank; and finally, planting soil is paved on the upper part of the reverse filtering breathable layer.
The present invention has the following features and advantageous effects
1. The top slope protection plate and the dam filling body are firmly connected through the connecting strip tenon and the connecting groove plate, the joint step and the joint bonding layer are arranged between the connected bottom slope protection plate and the middle slope protection plate, the transverse connecting rib is arranged between the middle slope protection plate and the dam filling body, the reinforcing rib layer and the filling layer are arranged between the middle slope protection plate and the dam filling body and between the bottom slope protection plate and the dam filling body, and the structural design can effectively improve the integrity of a dam slope protection structure.
2. The wave-preventing body is arranged on the outer side of the top slope protection plate, and can move up and down although waves exist, so that the influence of the waves and the stagnant water on the dam is reduced.
3. According to the invention, the vertical water collecting pipes are arranged in the dam filling body and are communicated with the bottom water collecting layer on the upper surface of the dam foundation soil layer, so that the seepage water in the dam filling body can be quickly discharged; the upper surface of the dam foundation layer on the outer side of the dam filling body is provided with the waterproof layer, so that the effect of prolonging the permeation path can be achieved.
4. According to the invention, the crop planting groove is arranged on the outer side of the top slope protection plate, and the water storage groove is arranged on the lower part of the crop planting groove, so that the water absorption requirement of crops can be met; meanwhile, the air exhaust strip is arranged in the crop planting groove, and the requirement of oxygen exchange of crop root systems can be met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ecological slope protection structure of a dam according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection of the bottom and intermediate slope guards of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the top slope protection plate and the wave breaker in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the construction of an ecological slope protection structure of a dam according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1-top slope protection plate; 2-a crop planting groove; 3-connecting the strip tenon; 4-connecting the groove plates; 5-a flexible waterproof layer; 6-vertical plate of planting groove; 7-connecting the end plate; 8-dam filling; 9-a first anchoring rib; 10-a water storage tank; 11-a second anchoring rib; 12-a second spacing body; 13-a first stop body; 14-a water barrier layer; 15-vertical water collecting pipes; 16-bottom water collection layer; 17-a water pumping pipe; 18-an inverted filter layer; 19-intermediate slope protection plate; 20-bottom slope protection plate; 21-plate bottom connecting ribs; 22-a positioning rod; 23-a rib-adding layer; 24-a filler layer; 25-a positioning plate; 26-a seaming step; 27-a seam bonding layer; 28-a waterproof strip; 29-transverse connecting ribs; 30-enlarging the end; 31-anchor backing plate; 32-a socket connection rod; 33-connecting a hook; 34-a limit connecting rod; 35-a limit sleeve; 36-a first stop collar; 37-a second stop collar; 38-wave-proof body; 39-connecting steps; 40-a venting strip; 41-reverse filtering air-permeable layer; 42-planting soil; 43-suction pipe; 44-connecting the transverse plates; 45-pole bottom connecting ring; 46-a collar; 47-a fastening bolt; 48-overflow holes; 49-dam foundation soil layer; 50-planting groove bottom plate.
Detailed Description
The following description will be provided in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, and all similar structures and similar variations using the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
The technical requirements of design and preparation construction of the top slope protection plate, the technical requirements of design and preparation construction of the middle slope protection plate, the technical requirements of design and preparation construction of the bottom slope protection plate, the technical requirements of construction of transverse connecting ribs, the technical requirements of arrangement construction of vertical water collecting pipes and the like are omitted in the embodiment, and the embodiment of the pressure-extruded, water-drainage-first and then-grouting branch-node pile structure is mainly explained.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ecological slope protection structure of a dam according to the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic connection view of a bottom slope protection plate and a middle slope protection plate of fig. 1, and fig. 3 is a schematic connection structure view of a top slope protection plate and a wave breaker of fig. 1. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an ecological slope protection structure of a dam is characterized in that a crop planting groove 2 and a connecting strip tenon 3 are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of a top slope protection plate 1, and a flexible waterproof layer 5 is arranged between the connecting strip tenon 3 and a connecting groove plate 4 on the outer side of a dam filling body 8; the lower part of the crop planting groove 2 is provided with a water storage groove 10; the bottom end of the bottom slope protection plate 20 is connected with the first limiting body 13 and the second limiting body 12, and a bottom water collection layer 16 is laid between the second limiting body 13 and the vertical water collection pipe 15; a water pumping pipe 17 is arranged in the vertical water collecting pipe 15, and an inverted filter layer 18 is arranged on the outer side of the vertical water collecting pipe; the lower surfaces of the middle slope protection plate 19 and the bottom slope protection plate 20 are provided with plate bottom connecting ribs 21 and positioning rods 22, and a reinforcing rib layer 23 and a filling layer 24 are arranged between the middle slope protection plate and the dam filling body 8; the two ends of the wave-proof body 38 are respectively connected with the connecting end plate 7 and the limit connecting rod 34.
The top slope protection plate 1, the middle slope protection plate 19 and the bottom slope protection plate 20 are all made of cement concrete plates, the thickness of the cement concrete plates is 120mm, and the strength grade of the concrete plates is C30. The width of the seam step 26 is 10cm, the height is 5cm, the seam bonding layer 27 adopts a rubber bonding strip, the width is 10cm, and the thickness is 0.5 cm; the waterproof strip 28 is 10cm wide and 1.5cm thick and is cut from a rubber sheet.
The crop planting groove 2 arranged on the upper surface of the top slope protection plate 1 is 15cm in depth and 20cm in width; the vertical plate 6 of the planting groove has the thickness of 120 mm; the top width of the connecting strip tenon 3 is 30cm, the bottom width is 40cm and the height is 15 cm; the top width of the connecting groove plate 4 is 35cm, the bottom width is 50cm and the height is 15 cm; the gap between the connecting strip tenon 3 and the connecting groove plate 4 is filled with a flexible waterproof layer 5, and the flexible waterproof layer 5 is formed by cutting a geomembrane. The water storage tank 10 is positioned at the lower part of the crop planting tank 2, and has the width of 15cm and the depth of 15 cm; the width of the connecting step 39 is 3 cm; the fastening bolt 47 is a screw rod having a diameter of 12mm and a length of 6 cm. The aperture of the overflow hole 48 is 3 cm. The planting groove bottom plate 50 is 5cm in thickness and 15cm in width, and is made of a PVC plate.
The connecting end plate 7 outside the crop planting groove 2 is 120mm in thickness and 100mm in width.
The dam filling body 8 adopts sandy soil filling, and the height is 30 m.
The first anchoring rib 9 and the second anchoring rib 11 are both made of twisted steel bars with the diameter of 32mm and the length of 30 cm.
The first limiting body 13 and the second limiting body 12 are both made of concrete materials, the cross sections of the first limiting body 13 and the second limiting body 12 are both trapezoidal, and the distance between the first limiting body 13 and the second limiting body 12 is 120 mm.
The water-resisting layer 14 and the bottom water collecting layer 16 are laid along the upper surface of the dam foundation soil layer 49, wherein the water-resisting layer 14 is made of a geomembrane, the bottom water collecting layer 16 is made of a drainage plate, and the dam foundation soil layer 49 is made of strongly weathered granite.
The diameter of the vertical water collecting pipe 15 is 300mm, and a PVC pipe is adopted; a water pumping pipe 17 with the diameter of 100mm is arranged inside the vertical water collecting pipe 15; and a reverse filtering layer 18 is arranged on the outer side of the vertical water collecting pipe 15, and the reverse filtering layer 18 is made of geotextile.
The plate bottom connecting rib 21 is a twisted steel bar with the diameter of 10mm and the length of 3 cm; the positioning rod 22 adopts a screw rod with the diameter of 25 mm; the plane size of the positioning plate 25 is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, and the positioning plate is rolled by a steel plate with the thickness of 1cm, and the diameter of a middle screw hole is 25 mm.
The reinforcing rib layer 23 adopts a glass fiber grid.
The filling layer 24 adopts M15 cement mortar with the thickness of 5 cm.
The transverse connecting ribs 29 are threaded reinforcing steel bars with the diameter of 25mm and the length of 8 m; the diameter of the enlarged end 30 is 130mm and the length is 3 m; the anchor backing plate 31 is formed by rolling a steel plate with the thickness of 2cm and the strength grade of Q235, and the plane size is 300 multiplied by 300 mm.
The sleeve connecting rod 32 is a stainless steel tube with the diameter of 100 mm; the connecting hook 33 is made of a twisted steel bar with the diameter of 32mm, and the radius of the inner circle of the hook is 3 cm. The limiting connecting rod 34 is a steel pipe with the diameter of 50 mm; the limiting sleeve 35 is a steel pipe, and the inner diameter of the limiting sleeve is 60 mm. The first limiting ring 36 and the second limiting ring 37 are matched with the limiting connecting rod 34 and are in threaded connection with the limiting connecting rod 34. The wave-resisting body 38 is made of rubber sheets, and the thickness is 1 mm; the collar 46 is made of plastic pipe with an inner diameter of 60mm and is adhered and connected with the wave-preventing body 38. The diameter of the rod bottom connecting ring 45 is 6cm, and the rod bottom connecting ring is connected with the limit connecting rod 34 in a welding mode.
The exhaust strip 40 is made of a plastic plate with a groove; the reverse filtering and ventilating layer 41 is formed by cutting geotextile materials. The planting soil 42 adopts cohesive soil; the water suction pipe 43 adopts a plastic pipe with the diameter of 2 cm; the connecting transverse plate 44 is rolled from a steel plate with the thickness of 2cm and the strength grade of Q235B, and the width of the connecting transverse plate is 5 cm.
A construction method of a dam ecological slope protection structure comprises the following construction steps:
1) preparing a component: preparing a top slope protection plate 1, a middle slope protection plate 19 and a bottom slope protection plate 20 by adopting reinforced concrete materials, respectively arranging crop planting grooves 2 and connecting strip tenons 3 on the upper surface and the lower surface of the top slope protection plate 1, and arranging plate bottom connecting ribs 21 and positioning rods 22 on the lower surfaces of the middle slope protection plate 19 and the bottom slope protection plate 20; manufacturing an anchor backing plate 31 according to anchoring requirements, and firmly connecting the anchor backing plate 31 with a sleeve connecting rod 32 or a connecting lifting hook 33; preparing a connecting groove plate 4 according to the size condition of the connecting strip tenon 3;
2) the construction of the first limiting body 13 and the second limiting body 12: erecting a template at the position of the bottom slope protection plate 20, and respectively pouring to form a first limiting body 13 and a second limiting body 12;
3) laying a water-resisting layer 14 and a bottom water collecting layer 16: paving a waterproof layer 14 on an outer dam foundation soil layer 49 of the first limiting body 13, and paving a bottom water collecting layer 16 between the second limiting body 13 and the vertical water collecting pipe 15;
4) constructing a dam filling body 8: according to the size requirement of the dam filling body 8, filling dam fillers from bottom to top in layers to form the dam filling body 8;
5) the vertical water collecting pipe 15 is arranged: firstly, vertically guiding holes in the dam filling body 8, then inserting a vertical water collecting pipe 15 connected with an inverted filter layer 18 to the lower part of a bottom water collecting layer 16, and then inserting a water pumping pipe 17 into the vertical water collecting pipe 15;
6) the transverse connecting ribs 29 are provided with: transversely guiding holes on the outer side of the dam filling body 8, inserting transverse connecting ribs 29 into the holes, and grouting the inner side ends of the transverse connecting ribs 29 to form enlarged end heads 30;
7) the bottom slope protection plate 20 and the middle slope protection plate 19 are arranged: paving a reinforcement layer 23 on the outer side surface of the dam filling body 8, installing a first anchoring rib 9 on the lower part of the bottom slope protection plate 20, and adjusting the position of an adjusting plate 25 on a positioning rod 22 according to the thickness requirement of a filling layer 24; firstly, inserting a bottom slope protection plate 20 into a gap between a first limiting body 13 and a second limiting body 12, then installing a middle slope protection plate 19 from bottom to top, and arranging a seam step 26, a seam bonding layer 27 and a waterproof strip 28 between the connected middle slope protection plates 19 and at the seam between the middle slope protection plate 19 and the bottom slope protection plate 20;
8) the filling layer 24 is provided with: filling material is poured downwards from the gap between the uppermost row of middle slope protection plates 19 and the dam filling body 8 to form a filling layer 24;
9) and (3) laying a top slope protection plate 1: firstly, mounting a connecting groove plate 4 on the outer side of a dam filling body 8, mounting a top slope protection plate 1 on the upper part of the uppermost row of middle slope protection plates 19, arranging a flexible waterproof layer 5 between a connecting strip tenon 3 on the bottom surface of the top slope protection plate 1 and the connecting groove plate 4, and arranging a joint step 26, a joint bonding layer 27 and a waterproof strip 28 at the joint of the middle slope protection plate 19 and the top slope protection plate 1;
10) the transverse connecting rib 29 is tensioned and the anchor backing plate 31 is arranged: after the end head 30 is expanded to form strength, an anchor backing plate 31 is arranged on the outer side of the transverse connecting rib 29, and after the positions of a connecting lifting hook 33 and a sleeve connecting rod 32 on the outer side of the anchor backing plate 31 are checked to meet requirements, tensile force is applied to the transverse connecting rib 29;
11) the limit connecting rods 34 are arranged: firstly, arranging a limiting sleeve 35 at the outer end of the sleeve connecting rod 32, then arranging a rod bottom connecting ring 45 at the bottom of the limiting connecting rod 34, then sleeving the limiting connecting rod 34 in the limiting sleeve 35 from the bottom of the limiting sleeve 35, and firmly connecting the rod bottom connecting ring 45 at the bottom of the limiting connecting rod 34 with the connecting hook 33;
12) the wave breaker 38 is provided with: the first limiting ring 36 is firstly installed at the top of the limiting connecting rod 34, a connecting transverse plate 44 is arranged at the connecting end of the wave-proof body 38 and the connecting end plate 7, and the connecting transverse plate 44 and the connecting end plate 7 are firmly fixed through a fastening bolt 47; a lantern ring 46 is arranged at the joint of the wave-proof body 38 and the limit connecting rod 34, the lantern ring 46 is arranged at the upper part of the first limit ring 36, and finally, the second limit ring 37 is installed;
13) laying of planting soil 42: firstly, arranging a planting groove bottom plate 50 on a connecting step 39 of a crop planting groove 2; then the bottom end of the water suction pipe 43 is inserted into the water storage tank 10; then laying an exhaust strip 40 and a reverse filtering and ventilating layer 41 on the bottom plate 50 of the planting groove, and enabling the reverse filtering and ventilating layer 41 and the water suction pipe 43 to enable the exhaust strip 40 to extend to the outer side of the vertical plate 6 of the planting groove; finally, planting soil 42 is paved on the upper part of the reverse filtering and ventilating layer 41.
Claims (10)
1. An ecological slope protection structure of a dam is characterized by comprising a top slope protection plate (1), a middle slope protection plate (19) and a bottom slope protection plate (20) which are arranged from top to bottom on a slope of a dam filling body (8) and fixedly connected together along the slope, wherein plate bottom connecting ribs (21) and positioning rods (22) are arranged on the lower surfaces of the middle slope protection plate (19) and the bottom slope protection plate (20), and a rib adding layer (23) and a filling layer (24) are sequentially arranged between the dam filling body (8) and the middle slope protection plate (19) and the bottom slope protection plate (20) from inside to outside; the bottom of the bottom slope protection plate (20) is fixed on a dam foundation through a second anchoring rib (11), and the inner side and the outer side of the bottom slope protection plate (20) are simultaneously and respectively provided with a first limiting body (13) and a second limiting body (12) for clamping the first limiting body and the second limiting body; a vertical water collecting pipe (15) is vertically arranged inside the dam filling body (8), a bottom water collecting layer (16) is arranged at the bottom of the dam filling body (8), the bottom water collecting layer (16) is paved to the vertical water collecting pipe (15), and a water pumping pipe (17) communicated with the outside of the dam filling body (8) is arranged in the vertical water collecting pipe (15); the bottom plate of the top slope protection plate (1) is provided with a connecting strip tenon (3), the upper part of the slope surface of the dam filling body (8) is provided with a mortise, the mortise is provided with a connecting groove plate (4) with the same shape as the mortise and is fixed on the dam filling body (8) through a first anchoring rib (9), the top slope protection plate (1) is fixed on the connecting groove plate (4) through the connecting strip tenon (3), and a flexible waterproof layer (5) is arranged between the connecting groove plate (4) and the connecting strip tenon (3); the surface of top slope protection board (1) sets up crop planting groove (2) and prevents unrestrained body (38), crop planting groove (2) outside sets up connection end plate (7), it is fixed with unrestrained body (38) upper end to connect end plate (7), it stretches inside dam filling body (8) to be provided with two rows of transverse connection muscle (29) on middle slope protection board (19), two rows of transverse connection muscle (29) are together fixed through spacing connecting rod (34) and prevent unrestrained body (38) lower extreme.
2. The ecological slope protection structure of a dam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crop planting groove (2) is provided with a connecting step (39) in the middle, a planting groove bottom plate (50) is arranged on the connecting step (39) to divide the crop planting groove (2) into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a planting groove, the lower part is a water storage groove (10), the planting groove bottom plate (50) is provided with an air exhaust strip (40), the air exhaust strip (40) is provided with a reverse filtering air-permeable layer (41), the reverse filtering air-permeable layer (41) is provided with planting soil (42), and the reverse filtering air-permeable layer (41) is provided with a water suction pipe (43) to the water storage groove (10); the upper part of the side wall of the crop planting groove (2) is provided with an overflow hole (48), and the crop planting groove (2), the connecting step (39), the connecting end plate (7) and the top slope protection plate (1) are integrally poured to form the crop planting groove.
3. A dyke ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a reverse filtering layer (18) is further arranged between the vertical water collecting pipe (15) and the dyke filling body (8); and a waterproof layer (14) of a civil membrane or a rubber membrane is arranged on the outer side of the second limiting body.
4. The ecological slope protection structure of a dam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cross sections of the connecting tenon (3) and the connecting groove plate (4) are trapezoidal and are connected with the flexible waterproof layer by adhesion.
5. A dyke ecological slope protection structure, according to claim 1, characterized in that the joint of the middle slope protection plate (19) and the bottom slope protection plate (20) is provided with corresponding seam steps (26), and the seam steps (26) are fixed by seam bonding layer (27) and waterproof strip (28).
6. The ecological slope protection structure of a dam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner ends of the transverse connecting ribs (29) are provided with enlarged ends (30), the outer sides of the transverse connecting ribs are connected with anchor pads (31) fixedly arranged on the surface of the middle slope protection plate, sleeve connecting rods (32) are arranged on the upper row of anchor pads (31), and connecting hooks (33) are arranged on the lower row of anchor pads (31); the outer end of the sleeve connecting rod (32) is provided with a limiting sleeve (35); the bottom end of the limiting connecting rod (34) is connected with the connecting lifting hook (33) through a rod bottom connecting ring (45), the middle of the limiting connecting rod penetrates through the limiting sleeve (35), the top of the limiting connecting rod is fixed on the wave-proof body (38), and a first limiting ring (36) and a second limiting ring (37) are further arranged at the connecting position of the top of the limiting connecting rod (34) and the wave-proof body.
7. The ecological slope protection structure of dykes and dams of claim 1, characterized in that: the wave-proof body (38) is made of geotextile or rubber sheets, a connecting transverse plate (44) is arranged at the connecting end of the wave-proof body and the connecting end plate (7), and a lantern ring (46) is arranged at the connecting end of the wave-proof body and the limiting connecting rod (34); the connecting transverse plate (44) is connected with the connecting end plate (7) through a fastening bolt (47); the bottom water collecting layer (16) adopts a drainage plate or a drainage strip; the filling layer (24) adopts cement concrete or cement mortar or asphalt mixture.
8. The ecological slope protection structure of dykes and dams of claim 1, characterized in that: the top end of the positioning rod (22) is connected with the middle slope protection plate (19) and the bottom slope protection plate (20), the bottom end of the positioning rod is inserted into the dam filling body (8) and is provided with a positioning plate (25) at the joint with the dam filling body (8), and the positioning plate (25) is connected with the positioning rod (22) through screws; the plate bottom connecting ribs (21) are arranged along the plate bottoms of the middle slope protection plate (19) and the bottom slope protection plate (20), one end of each plate bottom connecting rib is arranged in the middle slope protection plate (19) and the bottom slope protection plate (20), and the other end of each plate bottom connecting rib extends out of the surfaces of the middle slope protection plate (19) and the bottom slope protection plate (20) by 2-4 cm.
9. The ecological slope protection structure of dykes and dams of claim 6, characterized in that: the limiting connecting rod (34) is a steel pipe or a plastic pipe, the bottom of the limiting connecting rod is provided with a rod bottom connecting ring (45) which is connected with the connecting lifting hook (33), and the first limiting ring (36) and the second limiting ring (37) at the top of the limiting connecting rod are connected onto the limiting connecting rod (34) through screws.
10. A construction method of a dam ecological slope protection structure is characterized by comprising the following construction steps:
1) preparing a component: preparing a top slope protection plate, a middle slope protection plate and a bottom slope protection plate by adopting reinforced concrete materials, respectively arranging crop planting grooves and connecting bar tenons on the upper surface and the lower surface of the top slope protection plate, and arranging plate bottom connecting ribs and positioning rods on the lower surfaces of the middle slope protection plate and the bottom slope protection plate; manufacturing an anchor backing plate according to the anchoring requirement, and firmly connecting the anchor backing plate with the sleeve connecting rod or the connecting lifting hook; preparing a connecting groove plate according to the size condition of the connecting strip tenon;
2) constructing a first limiting body and a second limiting body: erecting a template at the position of the bottom slope protection plate, and respectively pouring to form a first limiting body and a second limiting body;
3) laying a water-resisting layer and a bottom water collecting layer: paving a water-resisting layer and a bottom water collecting layer on the upper surface of the dam foundation soil layer respectively, wherein the water-resisting layer is paved on the outer side of the second limiting body, and the bottom water collecting layer is paved between the first limiting body and the vertical water collecting pipe;
4) and (3) dam filling construction: according to the size requirement of the dam filling body, filling dam fillers from bottom to top in layers to form the dam filling body;
5) the vertical water collecting pipe is arranged: firstly, vertically guiding holes in a dam filling body, inserting a vertical water collecting pipe connected with an inverted filter layer to the lower part of a bottom water collecting layer, and then inserting a water pumping pipe in the vertical water collecting pipe;
6) the transverse connecting ribs are arranged: transversely guiding holes on the outer side of the dam filling body, inserting transverse connecting ribs into the holes, and grouting the end parts of the inner sides of the transverse connecting ribs to form enlarged end heads;
7) the bottom slope protection plate and the middle slope protection plate are arranged: paving a reinforcement layer on the outer side surface of the dam filling body, installing a first anchoring rib on the lower part of the bottom slope protection plate, and adjusting the position of the positioning plate on the positioning rod according to the thickness requirement of the filling layer; firstly, inserting a bottom slope protection plate into a gap between a first limiting body and a second limiting body, then installing a middle slope protection plate from bottom to top, and arranging a seam step, a seam bonding layer and a waterproof strip between the connected middle slope protection plates and at the seam between the middle slope protection plate and the bottom slope protection plate;
8) and (3) setting a filling layer: filling a filling material downwards from a gap between the uppermost row of middle slope protection plates and the dam filling body to form a filling layer;
9) and (3) laying a top slope protection plate: firstly, mounting a connecting groove plate on the outer side of a dam filling body, mounting a top slope protection plate on the upper part of the uppermost row of middle slope protection plates, arranging a flexible waterproof layer between a connecting strip tenon on the bottom surface of the top slope protection plate and the connecting groove plate, and arranging a seam step, a seam bonding layer and a waterproof strip at the seam between the middle slope protection plate and the top slope protection plate;
10) stretching and drawing transverse connecting bars and setting an anchor backing plate: after the end head is expanded to form strength, arranging an anchor backing plate outside the transverse connecting rib, checking that the positions of a connecting lifting hook and a sleeve connecting rod outside the anchor backing plate meet the requirements, and applying tensile force to the transverse connecting rib;
11) arranging limiting connecting rods: firstly, arranging a limiting sleeve at the outer side end of a sleeve connecting rod, arranging a rod bottom connecting ring at the bottom of the limiting connecting rod, then sleeving the limiting connecting rod in the limiting sleeve from the bottom of the limiting sleeve, and firmly connecting the rod bottom connecting ring at the bottom of the limiting connecting rod with a connecting lifting hook;
12) wave-proof body setting: the first limiting ring is installed on the top of the limiting connecting rod, a connecting transverse plate is arranged at the connecting end of the wave-proof body and the connecting end plate, and the connecting transverse plate and the connecting end plate are fixed through fastening bolts; arranging a lantern ring at the joint of the wave-proof body and the limiting connecting rod, arranging the lantern ring on the upper part of the first limiting ring, and finally installing the second limiting ring;
13) and (3) paving planting soil: firstly, arranging a planting groove bottom plate on a connecting step of a crop planting groove; then the bottom end of the water suction pipe is inserted into the water storage tank; then laying an exhaust strip and a reverse filtering and ventilating layer on the bottom plate of the planting tank, and enabling the reverse filtering and ventilating layer and the water suction pipe to enable the exhaust strip to extend to the outer side of the vertical plate of the planting tank; and finally, planting soil is paved on the upper part of the reverse filtering breathable layer.
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| CN201810758874.1A CN108978587B (en) | 2018-07-11 | 2018-07-11 | Dyke ecological slope protection structure and construction method |
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| CN201810758874.1A CN108978587B (en) | 2018-07-11 | 2018-07-11 | Dyke ecological slope protection structure and construction method |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4835940B2 (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2011-12-14 | 日建工学株式会社 | Dyke protection retaining wall and its construction method |
| CN204080737U (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-01-07 | 辽宁省水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of coast defence dike type structure adopting staged concrete slab revetment |
| CN205742080U (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-11-30 | 中国水利水电第五工程局有限公司 | A kind of safeguard structure for hydroelectric project |
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2018
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4835940B2 (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2011-12-14 | 日建工学株式会社 | Dyke protection retaining wall and its construction method |
| CN204080737U (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-01-07 | 辽宁省水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of coast defence dike type structure adopting staged concrete slab revetment |
| CN205742080U (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-11-30 | 中国水利水电第五工程局有限公司 | A kind of safeguard structure for hydroelectric project |
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