CN2669010Y - Efficient energy-saving water-coal fluid boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an efficient energy-saving water-coal fluid boiler, which comprises a boiler body, a hearth inside the boiler body, an upper drum, a lower drum, a water-coal fluid boiler inlet port, a header which is connected with the upper and lower drums, a water screen tube which is connected with the header, an air flue, an ash hole, etc. The front part of the hearth is provided with a pilot combportable chamber which is close to the entrance point, and the water-coal fluid accepts the heat reflection from the pilot combustion chamber, then fires immediately, realizing sufficient burning of fuels and enhancing heat efficiency of boilers; the bed of furnace of the water-coal fluid boiler is paved with the water screen tube which is connected with the header, enlarging the heating surface of the boiler and preventing fouling caused by excessive heating from the bed of furnace; the side wall of the boiler furnace is provided with an air chimney which is connected with the air supply, a fluid jet air inlet opposite to the bed of furnace is arranged on the pipe wall, the airflow shot from the fluid jet air inlet carrying the unburnt water-coal fluid granules close to the bed of furnace forms the ring current burning (combustion), enabling the water-coal fluid to burn sufficiently.

Description

Energy-efficient coal water slurry boiler

Technical field

The utility model belongs to boiler, specifically a kind ofly makes fuel with water-coal-slurry, can reach the coal water slurry boiler of energy-efficient purpose.

Background technology

Water-coal-slurry is used in boiler as a kind of novel fuel, is emerging technology in recent years.But, because water-coal-slurry itself contains the moisture of 30%-40%, after water-coal-slurry is sprayed into the combustion chamber, could be lighted after need evaporating moisture wherein earlier, this is with regard to the problem that water-coal-slurry occurred and be difficult for catching fire and ignition process is postponed, therefore, the igniting and the burning that reach water-coal-slurry are fast, must adopt new reinforcement to catch fire and combustion technology; Moreover, because coal water slurry fuel needs first transpiring moisture to make retarded by combustion, just shortened accordingly the time of water-coal-slurry in the stop of burner hearth internal combustion, when fuel does not also reach abundant burning, the part that does not burn also enters the lime-ash floss hole together or enters convection bank with flue gas with lime-ash, so not only make boiler thermal output low, wasted fuel, and the fuel that does not burn is easily in ash erosion.Therefore, guarantee that water-coal-slurry is caught fire soon and normally fully burning stably, the problems such as the thermal efficiency that improve coal water slurry boiler are that current urgent need will solve.

The utility model content

Be difficult for greatly catching fire for solving the water content of water-coal-slurry own, spray into that burner hearth postignition process is postponed, the insufficient problem such as boiler thermal output that makes of fuel combustion, the utility model is achieved like this: coal water slurry boiler comprises the ash hole of the water screen tube of boiler body, intrinsic burner hearth, burner hearth arranged around, last lower drum, the collection case that is communicated with last lower drum and water screen tube, convection bank, water-coal-slurry import, body of heater bottom etc., and nearly water-coal-slurry entrance point also is provided with pilot chamber in the front portion of burner hearth.

Described pilot chamber is 0.4-0.9 with the length ratio of burner hearth.

For further energy-saving and cost-reducing, the utility model also has following technical characterictic:

On the furnace bottom of coal water slurry boiler, be arranged with the many water screen tubes that are communicated with boiler header;

On the sidewall of boiler furnace, ventilation duct is installed, the jet air port of subtend furnace bottom is arranged on the tube wall.

Owing to be provided with pilot chamber in the front portion of boiler furnace, the side of pilot chamber, roof are by the roasting warm of fire, the furnace wall of high temperature will enter the water-coal-slurry of burner hearth and carry out hyperthermia radiation, through moment of pilot chamber, the moisture in the water-coal-slurry evaporates and obtains preheating rapidly, and entering behind the burner hearth is incendivity, it is fast to ignite, thereby prolonged the burning time of water-coal-slurry, the abundant burning of fuel has improved the thermal efficiency of boiler, has saved fuel.

If many water screen tubes that are communicated with boiler header are arranged in that the furnace bottom of coal water slurry boiler is arranged evenly, one side makes the heat of furnace bottom fully be absorbed by water screen tube, adds the heating surface of cauldron, has improved the thermal efficiency of boiler equally; On the other hand, produce the boiler of same heat, heating surface has increased, and just can reduce the volume of boiler, makes boiler structure compact more, and the installation and transportation of boiler are more quick; Simultaneously the water screen tube of furnace bottom has absorbed the heat of furnace bottom, can prevent effectively also that furnace bottom is overheated and the slagging scorification that causes.

When water-coal-slurry sprays into the burner hearth burning, there is the lime-ash of 10-30% to be deposited in furnace bottom usually, comprising a large amount of coal particles that does not burn, can cause slagging scorification, heap ash.Adopt ventilation duct is installed, on tube wall, be provided with the way in the jet air port of subtend furnace bottom, ventilation duct communicates with the source of the gas with certain pressure, the air-flow that the jet air port is injected is gone out the formation jet along furnace bottom, air-flow will carry near the water-coal-slurry particle that furnace bottom does not burn, meet furnace wall upwards folding turn over and form circulation and burn away, drain with flue gas until burning the ash back, thereby increased the time of the water-coal-slurry particle of the burner hearth that flies out in the stop of body of heater internal combustion, fuel is fully burned, improved the thermal efficiency of boiler, after tested, the raising of the thermal efficiency is about about 3%.The fume emission that does not contain particle also helps the protection to environment; Simultaneously because the jet wind action, make a large amount of high-temperature flue gas by injection near burner, improved the temperature of pilot chamber again, more help heating preheating and igniting of water-coal-slurry.

In sum, solved the problem that coal water slurry fuel is lighted fast and stable fully burning, improved the coal water slurry boiler thermal efficiency, realized purposes such as efficient, energy-saving and environmental protection through above-mentioned improved coal water slurry boiler.

Description of drawings

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the present utility model schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 cuts open partial view for the A-A of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the B-B echelon sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the C-C profile of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 4.

The specific embodiment

Among Fig. 1, coal water slurry boiler comprises boiler body 6, burner hearth 8 in the body 6, upper drum 1, lower drum 11, water-coal-slurry import 2, the flue 9 of smoke evacuation, burning chamber 7, convection bank 17 (referring to Fig. 3), the ash hole 10 of body of heater bottom, with last lower drum 1, the 11 collection casees 4 that are communicated with, and the water screen tube 5 that is connected with collection case 4 etc., anterior closely end of water-coal-slurry import 2 at burner hearth 8, also be provided with the pilot chamber 3 that can make the water-coal-slurry quick igniting, pilot chamber 3 is that seat is on furnace bottom 12, there is wall on both sides, be the tubular at the bottom of the inclined-plane below binding above, in order to make heat reflection better, the top of pilot chamber 3 can be designed to arch (referring to Fig. 2).Under the certain situation of heating surface, described pilot chamber 3 compares generally about 0.4-0.9 with the length of burner hearth 8; When ratio was excessive, promptly the length of pilot chamber 3 was long, caused the interior temperature of stove too high easily, thereby made coking in the stove, influenced the normal operation of boiler; When ratio was too small, promptly the length of pilot chamber 3 was too short, and its effect of igniting is not obvious, and the water-coal-slurry igniting still can postpone; In general, the tonnage of boiler is more little, and its ratio should select value bigger than normal, otherwise just selects value less than normal.

On the furnace bottom of above-mentioned boiler, be distributed with the many water screen tubes 5 (referring to Fig. 3) that are communicated with collection case 4, for boiler is absorbed heat, its water screen tube 5 can be to gather to be arranged on the furnace bottom, with only compare in the prior art with the refractory brick shop fixtures, increased more heating surface on the one hand, 11 of the two ends that collect case 4 on the other hand and lower drums are with being connected (referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 5) communicating pipe 13, like this, lime-ash can be removed by the slag notch between lower drum 11 and the collection case 4, has avoided the not problem of easy-to-clean ash of existing boiler.

Rear portion at burner hearth 8 also can be provided with burning chamber 7, also be provided with water screen tube 5 around the burning chamber 7 and be communicated with (referring to Fig. 3) with last next part case 4, the water-coal-slurry particle that does not burn still can burn away after being taken to burning chamber 7 by air-flow, the heat that burning is produced is absorbed by the water screen tube in the burning chamber 75, and the lime-ash of burning is fallen into ash hole 10 and discharged.

Among Fig. 4, on the sidewall of burner hearth 8, ventilation duct 14 (referring to Fig. 5) is installed, ventilation duct 14 is connected with the source of the gas that certain pressure is arranged, and behind the jet air port 15 that is provided with subtend furnace bottom 12 on its tube wall, the band pressure gas stream of feeding forms jet, to fall into the water-coal-slurry particle that furnace bottom 12 do not burn along furnace bottom 12 carries, meet furnace wall upwards folding turn over and form circulation and burn away, until burning the ash back to drain, do not contain particle in the flue gas that emits with flue gas.For can controlled pressure the size of air-flow, can or lead to the control valve 16 that regulating action has been installed on the pipe in jet air port 15 at ventilation duct 14.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of energy-efficient coal water slurry boiler, comprise the ash hole of the water screen tube of boiler body, intrinsic burner hearth, burner hearth arranged around, last lower drum, the collection case that is communicated with last lower drum and water screen tube, convection bank, water-coal-slurry import, body of heater bottom etc., it is characterized in that: the anterior near water-coal-slurry entrance point at burner hearth also is provided with pilot chamber.

2, energy-efficient coal water slurry boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described pilot chamber is 0.4-0.9 with the length ratio of burner hearth.

3, energy-efficient coal water slurry boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: on the furnace bottom of coal water slurry boiler, be arranged with the many water screen tubes that are communicated with boiler header.

4, as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described energy-efficient coal water slurry boilers, it is characterized in that: on the sidewall of boiler furnace, ventilation duct is installed, the jet air port of subtend furnace bottom is arranged on the tube wall.

5, energy-efficient coal water slurry boiler as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: lead at ventilation duct on the pipe in jet air port control valve is installed.

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