CN2630912Y - High-precision temperature control circuit for thermoelectric refrigerator - Google Patents
High-precision temperature control circuit for thermoelectric refrigerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN2630912Y CN2630912Y CN 03254143 CN03254143U CN2630912Y CN 2630912 Y CN2630912 Y CN 2630912Y CN 03254143 CN03254143 CN 03254143 CN 03254143 U CN03254143 U CN 03254143U CN 2630912 Y CN2630912 Y CN 2630912Y
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- temperature
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Abstract
The present utility model discloses a high-precision temperature control circuit used in thermoelectric refrigerator, including five parts: a temperature setting part used for the work temperature initialization of a TEC exports temperature initialization signal to a PID controller; a temperature collecting part composed of a temperature sensor and an excitation source is used to collect the work temperature of the TEC and exports temperature signal to the PID controller; the PID controller compares the temperature initialization signal with the temperature signal collected, and the differential signal generates TEC control signal after computing by the PID. Then the TEC control signal is sent to a PWM power driver. PWM signal is generated by the PWM power driver according to the TEC control signal and provides DC output to the TEC after filter by filter circuit. The present utility model designs a high-precision, low-cost temperature control circuit via pulse width modulation (PWM) method. The traditional bridge balance method for temperature measurement is not applied, thus a plurality of precision resistors are not in need. The utility model has high integration, high precision control, and is ease to real-time setting. The temperature control accuracy is improved from internationally popular plus or minus 10mK to 5mK.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the Electronics Science and Technology field, relates to a kind of high-precision temperature control circuit that is used for thermoelectric refrigerating unit.
Background technology
Thermoelectric refrigerating unit is a kind of small-sized heat pump that does not have motion parts, applies to the various occasions of microminiaturized and high reliability.Refrigeration or pyrogenicity depend on the direction of supply current.A kind of typical single-stage refrigerator, it is made of two potsherds that are respectively P type and N-type semiconductor material, and semiconductor material is connected in circuit and is parallel way in the heat transmission.When a forward current acted on N-type semiconductor, electronics flow to N-type semiconductor from P-type semiconductor, because heat is absorbed, so cold junction temperature descends, heat conduction is dispersed in heat sink (heat sink) and the surrounding environment to the hot junction of refrigerator.Absorption of this heat (refrigeration) and supply current I, thermoelectric quantity to (thermoeletric couples is made of in pairs P type and N type thermoelectric material) are directly proportional, and can multistagely use.
Thermoelectric refrigerating unit (Thermoelectronic Cooler, TEC) little because of its volume, both can freeze and also can heat, refrigeration (heat) speed is fast, multistage polyphone uses can obtain more low temperature, in addition low price and characteristics such as easy to use have obtained to use widely at aspects such as electronics, communication, medical treatment, aviations.It is semiconductor laser, infrared eye, charge-coupled device (CCD), the first-selected refrigerator of high speed integrated circuit.As in non-refrigerating infrared focal plane is used, require its temperature stabilization precision reach ± 0.01 ℃, otherwise will have a strong impact on the performance of infrared imaging system, and TEC is first-selected.
The driving of TEC, traditional method adopts Linear Driving.The large power triode that needs push-pull configuration, its biggest advantage are that noise is little, but refrigerating efficiency is low, and are difficult to reach high-precision temperature control." high-precision semiconductor laser diode temperature control system " (Luo Zhongsheng, Zhang Meidun etc.; Semiconductor optoelectronic 1999; (20) 2:115-119) literary composition promptly adopts the method for Linear Driving, utilizes mimic channel to finish the setting of temperature, exists degree of regulation not high, the entire circuit complicated problems.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of high-precision temperature control circuit that is used for thermoelectric refrigerating unit, and it has high precision, advantage that integrated level is high, and cost is low and compact conformation.
For realizing above-mentioned utility model purpose, a kind of high-precision temperature control circuit that is used for thermoelectric refrigerating unit is made up of temperature setting portion branch, temperature acquisition part, PID controller, pwm power driver and filtering circuit (5); The temperature setting portion branch is used to set the required working temperature of TEC, and temperature setting signal is outputed to the PID controller; The temperature acquisition part is made up of temperature sensor and driving source, is used to gather the working temperature of TEC, and temperature signal is outputed to the PID controller; The PID controller is compared temperature setting signal with the temperature signal of collection, its differential signal produces the TEC control signal through the PID computing, sends into the pwm power driver; The pwm power driver produces pwm signal, and provides direct current to export to TEC after filtering circuit filtering according to the TEC control signal.
The said temperature setting section can be made of one 12 D/A converter and microcontroller or PC; The pwm power driver can be formed any in the following chip of optional usefulness: LTC1923, DRV591, DRV592, DRV593 and DRV594 by the field benefit pipe drive part that signal is imported amplifier stage, PWM controller and H bridge construction.Temperature setting portion branch, temperature acquisition part and PID controller are selected the AMC7820 chip jointly for use, by PC by parallel port and this chip communication.Regulate the voltage-limiting protection circuit that can adopt OPA2134 binary channels operational amplifier to constitute between output stage and the pwm power driver at analog pid.
The utility model is primarily aimed in non refrigerating infrared imaging technology and the modern optical communication, the high-precision requirement that its core component temperature stabilizer proposes, the pulse width modulating scheme that employing has improved, by multidigit high precision D/A design temperature, make temperature-controlled precision by 0.01 ℃ (10mK) extensively adopting in the world, bring up to 5mK, control accuracy improves 1 times, be the TEC driving circuit of a kind of integrated level height, the high and low cost of precision, compact conformation, for accurate temperature controlling need provide a kind of new selection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the utility model circuit;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the utility model circuit;
Fig. 3 is the result of use figure of the utility model circuit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and implementation example the utility model is further specified.
The utility model is by temperature setting 1, temperature acquisition 2, PID (proportion integration differentiation) controller 3, PWM (width modulation) analog line driver 4, filtering circuit 5, and totally five parts are formed.
Temperature setting portion is divided 1 setting of finishing the working temperature of system core parts needs.In order to guarantee temperature accuracy, adopt digital form, by μ C (microcontroller) or PC, control one 12 D/A, the working temperature that the output of D/A will be reached corresponding to system core parts (semiconductor laser, non-refrigerating infrared focal plane etc.), the output of D/A is exactly temperature setting signal.
Temperature acquisition part 2 is made up of temperature sensor, driving source.Common temperature sensor has thermistor, thermopair, crystal diode and temperature sensor chip that some are integrated, and driving source then is constant current source or constant pressure source.With modal thermistor is example, with a constant current source as its driving source, because the resistance value of thermistor changes with the conversion of temperature, then the change in voltage at its two ends can be reacted the temperature of core devices, and traditional bridge circuit detected temperatures, need at least 3 high-precision resistance like that, and have the linearizing problem of vs. temperature, precision is not high.
PID controller 3 is compared temperature setting signal with the temperature signal (voltages at thermistor two ends) of collection, its differential signal produces the TEC control signal through the PID computing.The realization of PID controller is very simple, only needs an operational amplifier, and 2 electric capacity and a resistance get final product.
Pwm power driver 4 is made up of the field benefit pipe drive part of signal input amplifier stage, PWM controller, H bridge construction.Now had the single integrated chip of finishing these 3 functions to select, modulating frequency can reach 1MHz.The output of PID controller is as the input signal of pwm power driver, and the pwm signal that is produced by the pwm power driver is wave circuit 5 after filtration at last, drives TEC, finishes temperature control.Systematic schematic diagram is seen Fig. 1.
Illustrate below.
The temperature setting portion branch: 12 D/A has a lot of selections, as AD7390, LTC1658 or the like.
The temperature acquisition part: in optical communication and non refrigerating infrared imaging technology, the temperature sensor in semiconductor laser and the non-refrigerating infrared focal plane is generally thermistor.Driving source then generally can be selected the constant current source of 100uA, as REF200.And the PID controller architecture is very simple, only needs an operational amplifier, is convenient to realize.Now use the AMC7820 chip of TI (TIX).AMC7820 is integrated one 8 12 analog to digital converters of passage (ADC), 3 12 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converters (DAC), 9 operational amplifiers, 1 thermal control current source, 1 inside+2.5V voltage reference and 1 SPI serial line interface in small-sized TQFP-48 encapsulation.AMC7820 can finish temperature setting, temperature acquisition and PID and control this 3 big function.The integrated level of system is greatly improved.
Selecting temperature coefficient (TCR) is 10ppm/ ℃, and precision is 0.1% 100K Ω precision resistance, and the constant current source output of AMC7820 is 100uA.For thermistor provide lasting accuracy very high electric current, make the voltage at thermistor two ends represent the actual temperature of the refrigeration device of wanting.
For the ease of observation and easy to use, the setting of temperature is finished by PC.Software section utilizes VisualBasic6.0 to write and forms, may operate on the PC based on windows platform (Windows 95,98, NT, 2000), the equilibrium temperature that need reach can be set easily, each register value of AMC7820 can be detected simultaneously.PC links to each other with the parallel port data line of circuit board by IEEE1284 25 pins, and by the DACO of parallel port with synchronous serial interface (SPI) communication mode control AMC7820, the output voltage of DACO is represented the temperature that will set.
PID controller part is by the operational amplifier OPA7 of AMC7820 and resistance, capacity cell are finished on every side.Element C1, the C2 of PID control loop, R2 parameter are determined jointly by the performance (thermal enhancement and time constant) of TEC, the gain of pwm power driver and the response of loop.For certain specific T EC, performance index are V
Max=2V, I
Max=1.5A, C1 and C2 get 1uF, and R2 gets 1M Ω, and when design temperature was 25 ℃, 20 seconds stabilization time, overshoot 20% had obtained satisfied effect.The control voltage V that obtains TEC is regulated in the voltage at temperature sensor two ends and the output of DACO through analog pid
TEC
Temperature controlled last ring of TEC is the pwm power driver portion.The chip that can select has LTC1923, DRV591, DRV592, DRV593, DRV594 etc.The DRV593 chip that in the utility model, adopts TI company to produce.
DRV593 is that maximum output current reaches ± the pwm power driver of 3A, can provide bidirectional current to TEC, and pulse width modulation frequency reaches 500KHZ, and efficient is very high.Therefore chip integration has become H bridge-type field benefit pipe in addition, can directly drive and need not to increase adjunct circuit powerful TEC.The gain amplifier that it is pointed out that DRV593 is 2.34, and there is following relational expression in its output voltage:
V
OUT＝V
PWM-V
H/C＝2.34(V
IN+-V
IN-)＝2.34(V
TEC-V
REF)
V wherein
PWM, V
H/CBe two output signals of DRV593, V
IN+, V
IN-Be two input signal, the corresponding V of difference
TEC(output signal of PID controller) and V
REF(reference voltage of AMC7820 output is 2.5V).The DRV593 principle of work is V
TECGreater than V
REFThe time, electric current flows to the TEC negative terminal from the TEC anode, and TEC is operated in refrigerating state; Otherwise, V
TECLess than V
REFThe time, TEC then is operated in the state of heating.In order to make the output V of DRV593
OUTBe no more than the maximum voltage V of TEC operate as normal
Max, for example, to a certain TEC, performance index are V
Max=2V, then V
TECShould be between 1.66V and 3.35V.So between the output stage of PID controller and pwm power driver, carried out the holding circuit design.Principle is to utilize operational amplifier and diode to form amplitude limiter circuit to V
TECCarry out clamper.Because V
TECBound is arranged, thus twin-channel amplifier adopted, as OPA2134, and peripheral cell resistance and diode pair V
TECPressure limiting should be considered the conduction pipe pressure drop of diode during to resistance value.
The output pwm signal of DRV593 provides direct current to export to TEC after LC filtering.Layout and wires design in this subelement are meticulous, can very effective switch noise inhibiting.Because resource is a lot of on the sheet of AMC7820, so utilize its ADC6 and ADC7 to monitor the voltage and the electric current that flows through TEC at TEC two ends respectively, the working condition of record TEC makes things convenient for the analysis of experimental result.
The whole temperature controlling Design of system is finished.
Utilize the Wuhan Institute of Post and Telecommunication's device 1550nm of institute single mode semiconductor laser as tested object, the performance index of its TEC are V
Max=2V, I
Max=1.5A.Temperature sensor is 10K Ω for nominal value in the time of 25 ℃, negative temperature coefficient (NTC) is-4.4%/℃ thermistor.The constant current source of 100 μ A is 1V in the pressure drop at 10K thermistor two ends in the time of 25 ℃, so the heat sensitivity of thermistor is 44mV/ ℃ (25 ℃ of at).When design temperature was 25 ℃, thermistor voltage fluctuateed between 1.00097V to 1.00130V, and maximum fluctuation 0.33mV, temperature control precision reach 0.025 ℃, and long-time temperature stabilization precision reaches ± and 0.005 ℃, result such as Fig. 8 show.
Temperature sensor commonly used also has the silicon sensor of thermopair, RTD temperature sensor, PN junction type.Because the thermal control current source of AMC7820 can easily be set the output current of 10 μ A to 1000 μ A, so can design thermometric interface circuit easily at the different temperatures sensor, and major control partly need not to change, so the temperature-controlled process of this TEC has practical use widely, and not only is confined to the field that temperature sensor is a thermistor.Can be according to application need, only need to use microcontroller, replace PC as single-chip microcomputers such as 80C51 series, MSP430 series, 68HC series, finish SPI mouth communication function with AMC7820, the temperature that setting needs refrigeration device to reach, be convenient to the system integration and secondary development, can extensively apply to the temperature stabilization control of non-refrigerating infrared focal plane in semiconductor laser that optical communication uses and the infrared imaging.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of high-precision temperature control circuit that is used for thermoelectric refrigerating unit is characterized in that: this circuit is made up of temperature setting portion branch (1), temperature acquisition part (2), PID controller (3), pwm power driver (4) and filtering circuit (5);
Temperature setting portion branch (1) is used to set the required working temperature of TEC, and temperature setting signal is outputed to PID controller (3);
Temperature acquisition part (2) is made up of temperature sensor and driving source, is used to gather the working temperature of TEC, and temperature signal is outputed to PID controller (3);
PID controller (3) is compared temperature setting signal with the temperature signal of collection, its differential signal produces the TEC control signal through the PID computing, sends into the pwm power driver;
Pwm power driver (4) produces pwm signal, and provides direct current to export to TEC after filtering circuit (5) filtering according to the TEC control signal.
2. circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described temperature setting portion is divided by one 12 D/A converter and microcontroller or PC and is constituted.
3. circuit according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: pwm power driver (4) is made up of the field benefit pipe drive part of signal input amplifier stage, PWM controller and H bridge construction.
4. circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described temperature setting portion branch (1), temperature acquisition part (2) and PID controller (3) are selected the AMC7820 chip jointly for use, by PC by parallel port and this chip communication.
5. circuit according to claim 4 is characterized in that: any in the following chip of the optional usefulness of described pwm power driver (4): LTC1923, DRV591, DRV592, DRV593 and DRV594.
6. circuit according to claim 5 is characterized in that: regulate the voltage-limiting protection circuit that adopts OPA2134 binary channels operational amplifier to constitute between output stage and the pwm power driver at analog pid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03254143 CN2630912Y (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2003-05-23 | High-precision temperature control circuit for thermoelectric refrigerator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03254143 CN2630912Y (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2003-05-23 | High-precision temperature control circuit for thermoelectric refrigerator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2630912Y true CN2630912Y (en) | 2004-08-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03254143 Expired - Fee Related CN2630912Y (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2003-05-23 | High-precision temperature control circuit for thermoelectric refrigerator |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102566627A (en) * | 2011-12-18 | 2012-07-11 | 西安航天精密机电研究所 | Static-error-free high-precision instrument temperature control circuit |
| CN102722199A (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2012-10-10 | 上海交通大学 | Refrigeration cooling device for biological electrophoresis apparatus |
| CN103064449A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-04-24 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Refrigerating machine control circuit based on microcontroller |
| CN101887275B (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2014-01-29 | 山东朗进科技股份有限公司 | High-precision temperature control method |
| CN104332808A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-02-04 | 核工业理化工程研究院 | Control device for adjusting laser crystal temperature through semiconductor peltier |
| CN107031056A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-08-11 | 广东环境保护工程职业学院 | Welding source control method and device for welding welding machine |
| CN107975973A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-05-01 | 成都航空职业技术学院 | A kind of liquid-type semiconductor heat-exchanger |
| CN108879320A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-11-23 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of driving power of semiconductor laser |
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2003
- 2003-05-23 CN CN 03254143 patent/CN2630912Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101887275B (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2014-01-29 | 山东朗进科技股份有限公司 | High-precision temperature control method |
| CN102566627A (en) * | 2011-12-18 | 2012-07-11 | 西安航天精密机电研究所 | Static-error-free high-precision instrument temperature control circuit |
| CN102566627B (en) * | 2011-12-18 | 2014-12-03 | 西安航天精密机电研究所 | Static-error-free high-precision instrument temperature control circuit |
| CN102722199A (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2012-10-10 | 上海交通大学 | Refrigeration cooling device for biological electrophoresis apparatus |
| CN102722199B (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2014-12-10 | 上海交通大学 | Refrigeration cooling device for biological electrophoresis apparatus |
| CN103064449A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-04-24 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Refrigerating machine control circuit based on microcontroller |
| CN103064449B (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2016-04-27 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | A kind of refrigeration machine control circuit based on microcontroller |
| CN104332808A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-02-04 | 核工业理化工程研究院 | Control device for adjusting laser crystal temperature through semiconductor peltier |
| CN107031056A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-08-11 | 广东环境保护工程职业学院 | Welding source control method and device for welding welding machine |
| CN107975973A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-05-01 | 成都航空职业技术学院 | A kind of liquid-type semiconductor heat-exchanger |
| CN108879320A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-11-23 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of driving power of semiconductor laser |
| CN108879320B (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-04-21 | 南京理工大学 | Drive power supply of semiconductor laser |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |