CN1308782C - Multi-point intelligent temp control method and temp controlled multi-channel light radiation standard probe - Google Patents
Multi-point intelligent temp control method and temp controlled multi-channel light radiation standard probe Download PDFInfo
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- CN1308782C CN1308782C CNB200410064659XA CN200410064659A CN1308782C CN 1308782 C CN1308782 C CN 1308782C CN B200410064659X A CNB200410064659X A CN B200410064659XA CN 200410064659 A CN200410064659 A CN 200410064659A CN 1308782 C CN1308782 C CN 1308782C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a multi-point intelligent temperature control method and a temperature control multi-channel light radiation standard probe, which is based on a digital temperature sensor. The temperature control multi-channel light radiation standard probe is composed of a multi-channel light radiation standard probe, a plurality of intelligent digital temperature sensors DS18B20, an SCM AT89C55WD, a D/A converter AD7248A, a high-current drive circuit OPA548, a semiconductor thermoelectric cooler Peltier, a 2*2 keyboard, an RS232C interface and a vacuum fluorescent display screen VFD. The temperature digital quantity information of a plurality of detecting-controlling points of the multi-channel light radiation standard probe is directly obtained in real time by a plurality of intelligent digital temperature sensors, the temperature control quantity is obtained on the basis of PID algorithmic processing by a microprocessor of the SCM, and the temperature control quantity is output into the semiconductor thermoelectric cooler Peltier through the D/A; thereby, the full digital intelligent high-precision temperature control is achieved. The present invention has the advantages of high temperature control precision, high efficiency and low power consumption.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the standard detector temperature control technology field of high precision ray radiation calibration.
Background technology
High precision radiation calibration technology is one of main support technology of modern space remote sensing.Based on the novel multi-channel light radiation standard probe of optical filter radiometer in the open air, have broad application prospects in the high precision radiation calibration on the airborne and star.In engineering was used, temperature characterisitic was a key factor that influences standard detector absolute precision and stability.Therefore, need carry out precision temperature control to light radiation standard probe.(Wu Haoyu etc. " the temperature characterisitic research of high precision spectral radiance standard detector " optics journal the 24th is rolled up in February, 2004 the 2nd phase for Li Zhaozhou, Zheng Xiaobing)
Up to the present, to the control of the multiple spot distributed temperature of light radiation standard probe, all be that to adopt analogue technique to carry out temperature controlled usually, mainly form by analog temperature sensor, triode, recirculated water temperature control chamber and electric furnace silk.Its temperature control principle is: light radiation standard probe places recirculated water temperature control chamber, by analog temperature sensor (thermopair, thermistor etc.), the temperature amount of the standard detector that records is converted to analog voltage signal, this analog voltage signal feeds back to triode, curtage by triode control electric furnace silk, come the water temperature in the recirculated water temperature control chamber is controlled, and then realize the temperature of standard detector is controlled.
Above-mentioned employing analogue technique is carried out temperature controlled method to light radiation standard probe, has many weak points:
One, temperature element adopts analog temperature sensor (as thermopair, thermistor etc.), in order to obtain higher temperature measurement accuracy, just must take good measure to solve because the transmission of long line, multimetering switching and these three main measuring error that error source caused of amplifying circuit zero point drift.And the fine solution of above-mentioned measuring error is often needed to adopt complicated compensating circuit, construction cycle that cost is long and higher expense realize.
Its two, control procedure is simple negative feedback process, can only deal with linear temperature inversion.Nonlinear temperature inversion process in system, occurs, and when the temperature disturbance of transient state takes place, do not possess sensitive temperature-responsive ability and effective processing power.Therefore, temperature fluctuation is comparatively obvious, and precision is difficult to improve.
Its three, the temperature control of light radiation standard probe is to realize by the temperature of controlling its outer loop water temperature control chamber, rather than it is directly carried out temperature control.This just makes system power dissipation increase, and most of power wastages are on the bigger circulating water temperature chamber of volume, and efficient is lower; And whole temperature control system volume and weight is bigger.This seriously fettered standard detector in the open air, the engineering practical application in the airborne and spaceborne light radiation scaling.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defective of the employing analog temperature control method of light radiation standard probe, propose a kind of intelligent multipoint temperature-controlled process and temperature control multi-channel light radiation standard probe based on digital temperature sensor.It has high-level efficiency, low-power consumption, the temperature-controlled precision height, the prominent high characteristics of monitor temperature can realize multi-point temp observing and controlling and demonstration in real time simultaneously in real time, have simultaneously friendly man-machine interface and and upper PC between the function of serial communication, lower, the compact conformation of whole system cost.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Intelligent multipoint temperature control method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: (1) a plurality of measurement and control of temperature points in multi-channel light radiation standard probe are provided with a plurality of digital temperature sensors, directly gather the Current Temperatures digital quantity signal of each measurement and control of temperature point in real time; (2), temperature digital amount signal in microcontroller serial port is admitted to singlechip microprocessor, by being solidificated in the data processing of the pid control algorithm in the microprocessor, obtain being used to regulate the positive negative temperature controlled quentity controlled variable of temperature; (3), this positive negative temperature controlled quentity controlled variable after D/A converter is done mould one number conversion, the output or the temperature control voltage analog of plus or minus; (4), this temperature control voltage analog is behind current driving circuit, be loaded on the semiconductor heat electric refrigerator that is installed on the multi-channel light radiation standard probe, realize heating or refrigeration operation, so final realization is to the precision temperature closed-loop control of multi-channel light radiation standard probe.
The temperature control multi-channel light radiation standard probe, it is characterized in that comprising multi-channel light radiation standard probe, be installed with semiconductor heat electric refrigerator Peltier on the detector, a plurality of digital temperature sensor DS18B20, on the semiconductor heat electric refrigerator heat radiator is installed, the flat mutually connection of the signal wire of digital temperature sensor, insert the digital intelligent temperature-adjusting circuit, this temperature-adjusting circuit comprises the microprocessor AT89C55WD that is solidified with pid control algorithm, 12 D/A converter AD7248 that link to each other with microprocessor, the output of D/A converter AD7248 signal inserts current driving circuit OPA548, the output of current driving circuit OPA548 signal inserts the multi-channel analog beginning, and the analog switch signal inserts semiconductor heat electric refrigerator Peltier.
Described semiconductor cooler Peltier, a plurality of digital temperature sensor DS18B20 are fixedly mounted on the standard detector, the employing heat conductive silica gel is bonding, the bonding or solder welding with heat-conduction epoxy resin between standard detector and temperature sensor and the Peltier.
Described semiconductor cooler Peltier, a plurality of digital temperature sensor DS18B20 are fixedly mounted on the standard detector, are to adopt anchor clamps fixedly connected, and evenly smear heat conductive silica gel between standard detector and temperature sensor and the Peltier.
Described multi-channel light radiation standard probe contains a plurality of standard detectors, digital temperature sensor DS18B20 in each standard detector independent addressing serial parallel with one another inserts single-chip microcomputer, the semiconductor cooler Peltier access multiway analog switch parallel with one another CD4066 on a plurality of standard detectors.
Characteristics of the present invention and effect: the present invention directly obtains the digital information of multi-point temp by adopting a plurality of intelligence digital temperature sensors, utilize singlechip microprocessor to handle and obtain the temperature controlled quentity controlled variable based on pid algorithm, this temperature control amount exports semiconductor heat electric refrigerator Peltier to by D/A again, thereby has realized the intelligent high-precision temperature control of total digitalization; This method monitor temperature sudden change in real time therefore can produce sensitive reflection to temperature jump, and output shows the mutation temperature value simultaneously, to understand the sudden change situation, effectively prevents temperature jump.The temperature control precision height of temperature control multi-channel light radiation standard probe of the present invention, the efficient height, low in energy consumption, have the data input/output function and the good man-machine interaction interface of ppu easily simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a general structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a principle of work block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an electrical connection schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the specific embodiment of the present invention workflow diagram.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4.
Temperature control multi-channel light radiation standard probe embodiment general structure of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, comprise: multi-channel light radiation standard probe 1, be fixed on a plurality of digital temperature sensor DS18B20 2 above the standard detector, the semiconductor heat electric refrigerator Peltier 3 that links to each other with standard detector, heating radiator 4, intelligent temperature control circuit that links to each other with the digital temperature sensor output terminal and man-machine interface circuit.
All must keep good rigidity thermo-contact between the standard detector of this enforcement and a plurality of DS18B20 temperature sensor and between standard detector and the Peltier, so just can reach desirable temperature control effect.Can adopt the bonding or employing anchor clamps ways of connecting of heat conductive silica gel in actual the connection.When adopting bonding way, the bonding or solder welding of available heat-conduction epoxy resin between standard detector and temperature sensor and the Peltier; When adopting anchor clamps to connect, all need evenly to smear heat conductive silica gel between standard detector and temperature sensor and the Peltier, to reduce the thermal resistance of surface of contact.
The multi-channel light radiation standard probe of this enforcement is one and contains a plurality of spectrum channels, is used for the Scientific Measurement level high precision instrument of optical radiation absolute measurement.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, intelligent multipoint temperature control method and temperature control multi-channel light radiation standard probe based on digital temperature sensor of the present invention, comprise a plurality of digital temperature sensor DS18B20, the Peltier semiconductor cooler that are fixedly mounted on the multi-channel light radiation standard probe, AT89C55WD single-chip microcomputer, 2 * 2 keyboards, RS232C interface and VFD (vacuum fluorescent display screen) form.Multi-channel light radiation standard probe, DS18B20, single-chip microcomputer, the big current driving circuit of AD7248, OPA548 and Peltier semiconductor cooler have been formed a negative feedback control closed loop jointly.DS18B20, semiconductor heat electric refrigerator Peltier are many groups, and be parallel with one another.
That the temperature element of present embodiment adopts is one-line intelligence digital temperature sensor DS18B20.It is a kind of new digital temperature sensor that U.S. DALLAS company adopts Single Wire Bus Technology to produce.So-called Single Wire Bus Technology is that address wire, data line, control line are combined into a signal wire, is implemented in and carries out bidirectional data transfers on the data lines, reduces the quantity of signal wire to greatest extent.The input and output of this class temperature sensor all are digital signal, and are connected with outside with serial mode, and the system antijamming capability of making is improved, and can be integrated in the microprocessor application system simplified system design easily.And, the technical barriers such as long line transmission, multimetering switching and amplifying circuit zero point drift that it has been run into when well having solved employing analog temperature sensor commonly used.
The present invention adopts the AT89C55WD single-chip microcomputer to control core cell as it.The output quantity of temperature sensor DS18B20, D/A, RS232 serial ports, keyboard and VFD show that in real time the normal operation of each module all directly is subjected to the instruction control of this single-chip microcomputer.AT89C55WD is the compatible single-chip microcomputer of MCS51 series that atmel corp produces, and its inside has 256 byte RAM, and the Flash storer of 20K has on the sheet hardware and sees the doorway dog.Readable preferably for software is had, so that system's later maintenance, the present invention has abandoned traditional assembly language, selects higher level lanquage C51 for use.The temperature control algorithm of the present invention by solidifying in the single-chip microcomputer calculates the temperature controlled quentity controlled variable that D/A should export.Wherein, the temperature control algorithm has adopted the temperature control algorithm that increment type PID and Bang-Bang control (being heating with full power or refrigeration) combine.
Be used among the present invention to heat or the device of refrigeration operation has adopted semiconductor heat electric refrigerator Peltier, it is based on the Peltier effect many to thermoelectric cooling on electric series connection, in heat conduction, compose in parallel.Being added in galvanic polarity on the device by change is that variable refrigeration is heating, the neither endothermic nor exothermic rate then be proportional to add the size of DC current.Because Peltier not only can realize heating but also can carry out refrigeration, and volume is small and exquisite, to use simple and conveniently, the temperature that is particularly suitable for little heat and space-constrained precision instrumentation is controlled.
The digital to analog converter D/A that adopts among the present invention is the AD7248A of U.S. Analog Devices company (AD).This is a kind of parallel DAC of 12 high-precision low-power consumptions that has built-in output amplifier and reference voltage source on the sheet, is operated under the bipolarity powering mode, with the output voltage of generation ± 5V.Because to reach 3.9A big for required electric current during the Peltier full power operation, the temperature control analog voltage amount that D/A directly exports, its electric current far can not satisfy this requirement, has introduced big current drives one OPA548 between D/A and semiconductor cooler for this reason.OPA548 is the big current drives integrated chip of Burr-Brown company, and the drive current that it can provide maximum to reach 5A can satisfy the system design needs.
Man-machine interface part of the present invention mainly comprises three parts: 2 * 2 keyboards, high brightness vacuum fluorescent display screen (VFD), RS232C serial ports.Wherein, keyboard is used to set or change the constant temperature setting value of temperature control system.VFD is used for showing in real time the current temperature value of each measurement and control of temperature point of multi-channel light radiation standard probe.The existence of RS232C serial ports, make temperature control system not only historical temperature or other data can have been sent in the upper PC but also can by this interface realize and other microprocessor between swap data.
The present invention is except adopting single-point grounding and circuit shield technology in circuit design, also added reset circuit, detect the ruuning situation of single-chip microcomputer, " deadlock " phenomenon appears in case find single-chip microcomputer, reset circuit can in time send reset pulse, program recovery is normally moved, thereby improved the antijamming capability of system greatly.
The temperature control algorithm that is adopted among the present invention is the control algolithm that increment type PID control combines with Bang-Bang control.Discrete PI D (Proportion Integral Differential) controller algorithm, be exactly the controller that has ratio, integration, derivative control action simultaneously, in automatic control system, especially for the bigger controlling object that lags behind, in temperature controlling, use very extensive.Its governing equation is expressed from the next:
In the formula: the temperature control amount output of u (k)--controller;
E (k)--deviate;
The K--scale-up factor;
T
I--integral coefficient;
T
D--differential coefficient;
T
0--the sampling time.
In order to reduce the expense of storage space, be convenient to the realization of computing machine, can and then adopt recursive algorithm to obtain the stepping type of following more brief introduction to Discrete PI D controller.
u(k)＝u(k-1)+q
0e(k)+q
1e(k-1)+q
2e(k-2)
Wherein,
The employing following formula is programmed, and can realize the auto-increment regulating action of the PID controller of temperature control amount in single-chip microcomputer by software.
The real time process flow of temperature control method of the present invention as shown in Figure 4, at first, the Control Software that is solidificated in the single-chip microcomputer is imported the constant temperature setting value T of temperature control object by VFD (vacuum fluorescent display screen) prompting user, and finishes system initialization work automatically.Then, Control Software sends the temperature reading command to digital temperature sensor DS18B20, reads the current temperature value Ts of temperature control object.Then, calculate Ts-T, obtain the difference of Ts and T, system selects one of PID control or Bang-Bang control algolithm for use automatically according to the size of this difference, calculates Current Temperatures control figure amount.Temperature control figure amount is output as analog voltage amount through 12 D/A converter AD7248A, and this voltage signal is admitted to the big current driving circuit of OPA548, to improve its current driving ability.The big current drive signal that OPA548 exported is added on the semiconductor cooler Peltier at last, and then the temperature control object is heated or refrigeration.Heating or refrigeration depend on the Peltier that institute is alive positive and negative, if the difference of temperature control object current temperature value and system's constant temperature setting value is being for just, then Control Software is exported negative signal, the last loading of Peltier negative voltage, and temperature control object temperature degree reduces; Otherwise, the last loading of Peltier positive voltage, the temperature control object temperature raises.The process that above-mentioned temperature control object Current Temperatures sampling-temperature difference calculating-PID adjusting-controlled quentity controlled variable drives output circulates again and again, thereby the temperature of temperature control object is controlled near the fluctuation up and down setting value, increase along with cycle index, fluctuating range can be reduced to a certain a small amount of gradually, and this is temperature-controlled precision in a small amount.
Measure when the present invention can realize the high-precision real of a plurality of temperature survey points and demonstration, and can import the design temperature of temperature control system, realize exact constant temperature control by the pid control algorithm that solidifies in the monolithic meter then by keyboard.Characteristics such as system has that volume is little, simple in structure, cost is low, precision and reliability height are very suitable for the accurate temperature control of high precision Scientific Grade instrument and meter, are with a wide range of applications.
Claims (2)
1, intelligent multipoint temperature control method, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: (1), a plurality of measurement and control of temperature points in multi-channel light radiation standard probe are provided with a plurality of digital temperature sensors, directly gather the Current Temperatures digital quantity signal of each measurement and control of temperature point in real time; (2), temperature digital amount signal in microcontroller serial port is admitted to singlechip microprocessor, by being solidificated in the data processing of the pid control algorithm in the microprocessor, obtain being used to regulate the positive negative temperature controlled quentity controlled variable of temperature; (3), this positive negative temperature controlled quentity controlled variable after D/A converter is made D/A switch, the output or the temperature control voltage analog of plus or minus; (4), this temperature control voltage analog is behind current driving circuit, be loaded on the semiconductor heat electric refrigerator that is installed on the multi-channel light radiation standard probe, realize heating or refrigeration operation, so final realization is to the precision temperature closed-loop control of multi-channel light radiation standard probe.
2, the temperature control multi-channel light radiation standard probe, it is characterized in that comprising multi-channel light radiation standard probe, be installed with semiconductor heat electric refrigerator Peltier on the detector, a plurality of digital temperature sensor DS18B20, on the semiconductor heat electric refrigerator heat radiator is installed, the signal wire of digital temperature sensor is parallel with one another, insert the digital intelligent temperature-adjusting circuit, this temperature-adjusting circuit comprises the microprocessor AT89C55WD that is solidified with pid control algorithm, 12 D/A converter AD7248 that link to each other with microprocessor, the output of D/A converter AD7248 signal inserts current driving circuit OPA548, the output of current driving circuit OPA548 signal inserts multiway analog switch, and the analog switch signal inserts semiconductor heat electric refrigerator Peltier.
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| CN101876833B (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2012-05-23 | 电子科技大学 | Intelligent temperature control method for array light receiving/transmitting module in optical switch |
| CN102392307B (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2014-04-30 | 湖南红太阳光电科技有限公司 | Thermostatic device for solar cell diffusion source phosphorous oxychloride |
| CN102685546B (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2014-07-02 | 北京空间机电研究所 | Infrared-spectrum satellite full-dynamic range multipoint radiance calibration device and calibration method |
| CN102981529B (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2015-10-28 | 中国人民解放军92941部队 | For the blackbody temperature control device of infrared dynamic tracking characteristics test |
| CN103837464B (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2017-02-15 | 常州必达科生物科技有限公司 | Constant-temperature control device based on photon detection module of flow cytometry |
| CN104330177B (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2018-10-12 | 兰州大学 | The portable ground temperature harvester of super low-power consumption and method |
| CN104808646B (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2017-06-23 | 中国空间技术研究院 | 1 Wire bus temperature measurement circuit DS18B20 single particle effects assessment systems and method |
| CN107943153B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-08-27 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | The parallel temperature-controlling system of multi-measuring point multiloop under vacuum low-temperature environment |
| CN113961024A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-21 | 四创电子股份有限公司 | Self-adaptive constant temperature control system and method |
| CN115390599A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-25 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Multi-point temperature control system applied to standard photoelectric pyrometer |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1236913A (en) * | 1998-05-22 | 1999-12-01 | 瓦马特拉法格有限公司 | Electronic thermostat control unit and its use in multipoint temperature controller for refrigeration and heating systems |
| GB2349229A (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 2000-10-25 | Varma Trafag Limited | Multipoint digital temperature controller |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2349229A (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 2000-10-25 | Varma Trafag Limited | Multipoint digital temperature controller |
| CN1236913A (en) * | 1998-05-22 | 1999-12-01 | 瓦马特拉法格有限公司 | Electronic thermostat control unit and its use in multipoint temperature controller for refrigeration and heating systems |
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