CN220712031U

CN220712031U - Hilly mountain area corn seeding equipment

Info

Publication number: CN220712031U
Application number: CN202321852375.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡红; 熊友; 吴瑶; 田富强; 彭长虹; 庄其涛
Original assignee: Xihua University
Current assignee: Xihua University
Priority date: 2023-07-14
Filing date: 2023-07-14
Publication date: 2024-04-05
Anticipated expiration: 2033-07-14

Abstract

The utility model relates to novel hilly mountain corn sowing equipment. The whole machine comprises two main parts, namely a power part: comprises a low-power gasoline engine, a three-stage speed reducer, a front wheel and a power transmission component; the seeding part follows: comprises a fertilizer feeder, a spoon-type precise seed metering device, a furrow opener, a land wheel and a seed and fertilizer discharging power input mechanism. The two parts are arranged on a frame, the gasoline engine drives the front wheel to realize advancing, the rear wheel is driven to rotate simultaneously when advancing, and the power of the rear wheel is transmitted to the seeding part to complete seeding. The light weight design of the whole machine (the weight of the whole machine is within 100 kg) meets the passing and operation requirements of hilly and mountain areas, and the machine body is small and exquisite and can be operated by a single person. And two rows of precision seeding, the seeding interval depth is adjustable, satisfies different actual seeding demands. Meanwhile, the matched operations such as ditching, sowing, earthing and compacting are completed, so that the corn sowing efficiency and precision in hilly and mountain areas are further improved, and the problem that the variety of planting machines in the hilly and mountain areas is single and insufficient is solved.

Description

Hilly mountain area corn seeding equipment

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of crop planting, and particularly relates to small-sized hilly mountain area corn sowing equipment.

Background

Corn is not only an important grain crop as the main crop, but also an important source of livestock feed and industrial raw materials. Is an important barrier for guaranteeing the safety of Chinese grains.

The existing cultivated lands in China have larger occupied land in hilly areas, lower mechanization degree, less seeding equipment types suitable for the hilly areas and respective defects. The precision seeder for multi-row corn is widely used in the market, and needs a small and medium tractor to drive the operation, so that most hilly areas cannot be met. Part of self-propelled seeding machines cannot realize precision seeding, and the weight is also generally large. The hand-push type seeder mainly has the problems of high labor cost, imprecise seeding and the like. For example: the corn no-tillage single grain dibbler of the mechanical equipment company, lu Hong of the monster city, has an overweight machine body, and is difficult to control by a single person when passing through an inclined ground.

Application number 202310515527.7 discloses a corn drill with adjustable play grain hole, and its play grain subassembly includes the connecting rod, and connecting rod fixed connection is at the top of roof, and the axle center department of liftout section of thick bamboo is rotated with the connecting rod and is connected, and the quantity of liftout section of thick bamboo is provided with three, and the surface of three liftout section of thick bamboo all rotates to be connected with the storage section of thick bamboo, and forms the cavity between the surface of liftout section of thick bamboo and the inner wall of storage section of thick bamboo, and the surface rotation of storage section of thick bamboo is connected with the ejection of thick bamboo, one side fixedly connected with material loading pipe that ejection of compact section of thick bamboo is close to the roof, the one end fixedly connected with slope pan feeding pipe that the material loading pipe is close to the roof. Setting up conical slope pan feeding pipe and preventing that corn from planting and piling up at last material pipe mouth of pipe department, causing the mouth of pipe to block up, all being provided with the connecting cylinder between three storage cylinder, the storage cylinder sets up threely for discharge threely corn at every turn, prevent that single corn from planting and not sprouting, cause the field extravagant, improved the germination percentage of corn. The corn planter utilizes the grain discharging assembly to realize one-time discharge of three corn seeds, solves the problem that single corn seeds do not germinate, but has overlarge volume and is not suitable for hilly areas and precision quantitative sowing.

In conclusion, the existing corn sowing equipment on the market has large volume and weight, and is not suitable for transportation and operation in hilly areas; or the precision seeding can not be realized, and the consumption of seeds and fertilizers is enlarged; or the labor cost is high and the operation is complex, so that the sowing efficiency cannot be improved. Therefore, a small corn planter in hilly mountain areas is proposed according to the above-mentioned problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides small-sized hilly mountain corn sowing equipment.

The utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the corn sowing equipment in the hilly and mountainous areas is characterized by comprising a gasoline engine, wherein the gasoline engine is fixedly arranged on a rack, a driving gearbox connected with the gasoline engine through a belt is arranged below the rear side of the gasoline engine, a driving wheel shaft is arranged right below the driving gearbox, the driving wheel shaft is connected with the driving gearbox through a chain, a driving wheel is arranged on the driving wheel shaft, and the driving wheel shaft drives the driving wheel to rotate;

the rear side of the gasoline engine is provided with a fertilizer mechanism arranged on a rack, a fertilizer device shaft of the fertilizer mechanism is connected with a shaft of a spoon type precise seed metering device at the rear side of the fertilizer mechanism through a chain, a seed box is arranged above the spoon type precise seed metering device, the spoon type precise seed metering device is connected with a seed metering pipe, a fertilizer box is arranged above the fertilizer mechanism, a fertilizer outlet is formed in the fertilizer box, the fertilizer outlet is connected with a fertilizer pipe at the lower side, and a ditching mechanism is arranged below the fertilizer mechanism;

the hand-held handle is positioned behind the spoon-type precise seed metering device and is connected to the rack through a bolt, the control panel is arranged on the hand-held handle through welding, a land wheel shaft arranged on the rack is arranged below the hand-held handle, the land wheel is arranged on the land wheel shaft and is connected with a shaft of the spoon-type precise seed metering device through a chain, and a front bumper arranged on the rack is arranged right in front of the gasoline engine.

The ditching mechanism, the fertilizer mechanism, the seed box, the spoon type precise seed metering device, the seed metering pipe and the fertilizer metering pipe are two.

The spoon type precise seed metering device is arranged on the frame through a bolt, a seed box is arranged above the spoon type precise seed metering device, the lower part of the spoon type precise seed metering device is connected to the rear side of the seed metering plow through a seed metering pipe, a chain wheel is arranged on the side face of the spoon type precise seed metering device, the chain wheel of the spoon type precise seed metering device is connected to the chain wheel of the land wheel shaft through a chain, and seeds enter the spoon type precise seed metering device through the seed box and then enter the rear side of the seed metering plow.

The sliding adjusting mechanism is positioned above the ditching mechanism and consists of a part of rack and a part of ditching mechanism, and comprises an adjusting bolt, a rack chute, a rack upper cross arm, a rack vertical arm, a rack lower cross arm, a U-shaped bayonet fixing plate, a vertical arm chute and a cross arm.

The fertilizer mechanism comprises an outer grooved wheel type fertilizer device, a fertilizer device positioning plate, a supporting plate, a fertilizer device chain wheel, a fertilizer device shaft, a belt seat bearing and a fertilizer device flexible pipe, wherein a fertilizer box is arranged above the fertilizer device positioning plate, the outer grooved wheel type fertilizer device is arranged below the fertilizer device positioning plate, the outer grooved wheel type fertilizer device is fixed on the supporting plate through bolts, the supporting plate is fixed on a frame, the fertilizer device flexible pipe is fixed under the outer grooved wheel type fertilizer device, the tail end of the fertilizer device flexible pipe is connected with a lower fertilizer pipe of the ditching mechanism, the fertilizer device shaft is fixed on the supporting plate through the belt seat bearing and penetrates through the outer grooved wheel type fertilizer device, meanwhile, the fertilizer device chain wheels are arranged on two sides of the fertilizer device flexible pipe, and the fertilizer device flexible pipe is connected with a seed sowing device chain wheel on the rear side through a chain.

The ditching mechanism comprises a vertical arm, a vertical arm sliding groove, a cross arm, a lower fertilizer pipe head, a seed metering plough tip, a seed metering plough, a soil covering disc and a compression spring, wherein the vertical arm sliding groove is formed in the upper portion of the vertical arm, the lower portion of the vertical arm is welded with the cross arm, the lower fertilizer pipe is welded right in front of the cross arm, the lower fertilizer pipe head is welded right below the lower fertilizer pipe, the seed metering plough is welded on the rear side of the cross arm, the front tip of the seed metering plough tip is connected with the seed metering plough tip through a screw, and the soil covering disc is installed on the rear side of the seed metering plough and fixed through the compression spring, so that the ditching soil turning functions of fertilizer metering and seed metering are realized.

The vertical wall sliding chute at the upper end of the vertical arm is arranged on the upper cross beam of the frame through an adjusting bolt, the middle part of the vertical arm is arranged on the lower cross beam of the frame through a U-shaped bayonet and a U-shaped bayonet fixing plate, and the sliding adjusting mechanism enables the ditching mechanism to be manually adjusted up and down and left and right within a specified range, so that the adjustment of the sowing row spacing and the sowing depth of the sowing equipment is realized.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. the self-propelled walking mode is adopted, so that the sowing efficiency is improved, and the labor cost is saved.

2. The sliding adjusting mechanism can adjust the sowing depth and the sowing row spacing, and meets different agronomic requirements.

3. The seed metering device selects a small spoon type precise seed metering device, the plant spacing is adjustable, the seeding precision is high, the seed discharge is uniform, the probability of rebroadcasting and miss-seeding is reduced, and seeds are saved.

4. The small-sized corn precision planter in hilly and mountain areas is designed in a lightweight manner, and particularly, (1) the complete machine adopts a self-propelled design to avoid a complex connecting mechanism of a front driving part and a rear sowing part. (2) The fertilizer discharging and sowing furrow opener is integrated, and the structure is simplified. (3) The machine frame is installed at the lowest position according to agricultural requirements, so that the height of the center of gravity is effectively reduced. Simple structure, the focus is low, is applicable to hilly mountain area complex arable land environment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the fertilizer apparatus of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the ditching mechanism of the present utility model;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the sliding mechanism of the present utility model.

In the figure: 1-gasoline engine, 2-driving gearbox, 3-front bumper, 4-driving wheel, 5-driving wheel axle, 6-fertilizer box, 7-rack, 8-fertilizer mechanism, 9-sliding adjustment mechanism, 10-seed box, 11-spoon type precision seed sowing device, 12-control panel, 13-hand grip, 14-land wheel, 15-land wheel axle, 16-seed sowing device sprocket and 17-ditching mechanism;

81-fertilizer distributor positioning plate, 82-supporting plate, 83-fertilizer distributor shaft, 84-outer sheave type fertilizer distributor, 85-fertilizer discharging hose, 86-bearing with seat and 87-fertilizer distributor sprocket;

171-vertical walls, 172-vertical arm sliding grooves, 173-cross arms, 174-fertilizer discharging pipes, 175-fertilizer discharging pipe heads, 176-seed metering plough tips, 177-seed metering ploughs, 178-earthing disks and 179-compression springs;

71-adjusting bolts, 72-frame sliding grooves, 73-frame upper cross beams, 74-frame vertical arms, 75-frame lower cross beams, 76-U-shaped buckles and 77-U-shaped bayonet fixing plates.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions in the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1-7, the corn sowing equipment in hilly and mountainous areas comprises a gasoline engine, wherein the gasoline engine 1 is fixedly arranged on a frame 7, a driving gearbox 2 connected with the gasoline engine through a belt is arranged below the rear side of the gasoline engine, the driving gearbox 2 is provided with three gears, one of the gears is a backward gear and the other is a forward gear under the control of a gear shifting deflector rod, the forward fast gear is used for the transportation of the equipment, the forward slow gear is used for sowing operation, and the backward gear is used for the backward of the sowing equipment (a three-stage speed reducer is a common part sold in the market, and a reverse gear of Ningjin Kai mechanical limited company is adopted without a reduction gearbox). A driving wheel shaft 5 is arranged right below the driving reduction gearbox 2 and is connected with the driving gearbox 2 through a chain, and then the driving wheel shaft 5 drives the driving wheel 4 to rotate, so that the whole sowing equipment can move. The whole machine adopts a self-propelled design, and avoids a complex connecting mechanism of a front driving part and a rear sowing part.

The rear side of the gasoline engine 1 is provided with a fertilizer mechanism 8 arranged on a frame 7, and a fertilizer mechanism shaft 83 of the fertilizer mechanism 8 is connected with a spoon-type precise seed metering device 11 at the rear side of the fertilizer mechanism through a chain, so that power transmission is realized. The fertilizer box 6 is arranged above the fertilizer mechanism 8, the fertilizer box 6 is provided with two fertilizer discharging openings, the fertilizer discharging openings are connected with a fertilizer discharging pipe 174 at the lower side, fertilizer discharged from two rows of ridges can be supplied, and a ditching mechanism 17 is connected below the fertilizer mechanism 8.

Specifically, the rear of the ditching mechanism 17 and the fertilizer mechanism 8 is provided with a spoon type precision seed metering device 11, the spoon type precision seed metering device 11 has the functions of adjusting the sowing speed and the grain number, the spoon type precision seed metering device 11 is arranged on the frame 7 through bolts, the seed box 10 is arranged above the spoon type precision seed metering device 11, the lower part of the spoon type precision seed metering device 11 is connected to the rear side of the seed metering plow 177 through a seed metering pipe, and a chain wheel is arranged on the side surface of the spoon type precision seed metering device 11. The chain wheel of the spoon type precise seed sowing device 11 is connected to the chain wheel of the land wheel shaft 15 through a chain, so that power transmission is realized. Seeds enter the spoon type precise seed sowing device 11 through the seed box 10 and then enter the rear side of the seed sowing plow 171, and are covered with soil and compacted through the soil covering disc 178 to finish sowing.

The sliding adjusting mechanism 9 is located above the ditching mechanism 17 and consists of a part of frames and a part of ditching mechanisms, and comprises an adjusting bolt 71, a frame sliding chute 72, a frame upper cross arm 73, a frame vertical arm 74, a frame lower cross arm 75, a U-shaped bayonet 76, a U-shaped bayonet fixing plate 77, a vertical arm 171, a vertical arm sliding chute 172 and a cross arm 173. The upper end of the frame vertical arm 74 is connected with the frame upper beam 73, the lower end of the frame vertical arm 74 is connected with the frame lower beam 75, and the frame upper beam 73 is provided with an open frame chute 72. The machine frame is installed at the lowest position according to agricultural requirements, so that the height of the center of gravity is effectively reduced.

Specifically, the fertilizer mechanism 8 includes an outer sheave type fertilizer apparatus 84, a fertilizer apparatus positioning plate 81, a support plate 82, a fertilizer apparatus sprocket 87, a fertilizer apparatus shaft 83, a bearing with a seat 86, and a fertilizer apparatus hose 85, wherein the fertilizer box 6 is installed above the fertilizer apparatus positioning plate 81, the outer sheave type fertilizer apparatus 84 is installed below, and the outer sheave type fertilizer apparatus 84 is fixed on the support plate 82 by bolts. The supporting plate 82 is fixed on the frame 7, the fertilizer discharging hose 85 is fixed under the outer sheave type fertilizer discharging device 84, the tail end of the fertilizer discharging hose 8 is connected with the lower fertilizer pipe 174 of the ditching mechanism 17, the fertilizer discharging shaft 83 is fixed on the supporting plate 82 through the bearing 86 with a seat and penetrates through the outer sheave type fertilizer discharging device 84, meanwhile, the fertilizer discharging device chain wheels are arranged on two sides of the supporting plate, and the fertilizer discharging device chain wheels are connected with the seed sowing device chain wheels 16 on the rear side through chains. The fertilizer discharging and sowing furrow opener is integrated, and the structure is simplified.

Specifically, the ditching mechanism 17 is installed below the rear part of the fertilizer mechanism 8, and the ditching mechanism 17 comprises a vertical arm 171, a vertical arm chute 172, a cross arm 173, a lower fertilizer pipe 174, a lower fertilizer pipe head 175, a seed metering plough tip 176, a seed metering plough 177, a soil covering disc 178 and a pressing spring 179. The upper part of the vertical arm 171 is provided with a vertical arm chute 172, the lower part of the vertical arm 171 is welded with a cross arm 173, the lower fertilizer pipe 174 is welded right in front of the cross arm 173, and a lower fertilizer pipe head 175 is welded right below the lower fertilizer pipe 174. The seed metering plow 177 is welded to the rear side of the cross arm 173, and the front tip end of the seed metering plow is connected with the seed metering plow tip 176 by a screw. The earthing disc 178 is arranged at the rear side of the seed sowing plow 177 and is fixed through a pressing spring 179, so that the functions of fertilizer sowing and ditching and soil turning required by seed sowing are realized.

Specifically, a vertical wall sliding groove 172 at the upper end of the vertical arm 171 is mounted on the frame upper beam 73 through an adjusting bolt 71, and the middle part of the vertical arm 171 is mounted on the frame lower beam 75 through a U-shaped bayonet 76 and a U-shaped bayonet fixing plate 77. The sliding adjusting mechanism 9 can enable the ditching mechanism 17 to be manually adjusted up, down, left and right within a specified range, so that the adjustment of the sowing row spacing and the sowing depth of the sowing equipment is realized.

The hand-held handle 13 is positioned behind the spoon-type precise seed sowing device 11, is connected to the stand 7 through a bolt, the control panel 12 is arranged on the hand-held handle 13 through welding, and a switch of a gasoline engine (the gasoline engine is provided with) and a gear adjusting deflector rod of a speed reducer (the speed reducer is connected with an adjusting rod of the speed reducer through a control line) are arranged on the control panel 12. A land axle 15 arranged on the stand 7 is arranged below the hand-held grip 13, and a land wheel 14 is arranged on the land axle 15 and is connected with the spoon type precise seed sowing device 11 through a chain. A front bumper 3 mounted on a frame 7 is provided immediately in front of the gasoline engine 1.

The working process of the utility model comprises the following steps:

according to different soil conditions and agronomic requirements in hilly areas, the spoon type precise seed metering device 11 and the outer grooved wheel type fertilizer device 84 are adjusted to be in a proper state (the adjustable quick spoon type precise seed metering device 11 with good soil conditions is used for adjusting the outer grooved wheel type fertilizer device 84 to be properly densely planted), the two ditching mechanisms 17 are adjusted to be in proper row spacing and sowing depth (the sowing spacing can be properly densely planted when the soil conditions are good, and otherwise, the sowing spacing and sowing depth can be adjusted to be large). At this time, the gasoline engine 1 is started, the driving wheel 4 is driven to start rotating by driving the reduction gearbox 2, an operator starts to advance by controlling the whole seeder through the hand grip 13, then the land wheel 14 is driven to start rotating, the ditching mechanism 17 moves forwards to realize ditching and earthing of soil, meanwhile, the chain wheel on the rear land wheel 14 rotates along with the land wheel 14, the small-sized spoon type precision seed metering device 11 and the outer sheave type fertilizer device 22 are driven to start working through a chain, and seed guiding pipes and fertilizer guiding pipes connected to the ditching mechanism 17 are arranged below the spoon type precision seed metering device and the outer sheave type fertilizer device, so that the precision of sowing is further ensured.

Hilly areas are generally small in land mass, scattered in position and poor in road condition. The sowing work has a situation that the work place is shifted. When the work of a certain land is completed, the U-shaped buckle 76, the U-shaped bayonet fixing plate 77 and the adjusting bolt 71 are loosened, the ditching mechanism 17 is lifted up, the soil is ensured not to contact the ditching mechanism 17, and the small and light machine body is convenient for the seeding equipment to withdraw from the work land and transfer to the next work land. Compared with traditional manual sowing, the automatic sowing machine has the advantages of greatly reducing labor intensity, improving sowing efficiency, along with simple structure, low cost, strong applicability, realizing quantitative sowing, effectively preventing sowing deviation and improving yield. Simple structure, the focus is low, is applicable to hilly mountain area complex arable land environment.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and are not limiting; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model.

Claims

1. The corn sowing equipment in the hilly and mountainous areas is characterized by comprising a gasoline engine, wherein the gasoline engine is fixedly arranged on a rack, a driving gearbox connected with the gasoline engine through a belt is arranged below the rear side of the gasoline engine, a driving wheel shaft is arranged right below the driving gearbox, the driving wheel shaft is connected with the driving gearbox through a chain, a driving wheel is arranged on the driving wheel shaft, and the driving wheel shaft drives the driving wheel to rotate;

2. The hilly mountain area corn sowing device as recited in claim 1, wherein the ditching mechanism, the fertilizer mechanism, the seed box, the spoon-type precision seed metering device, the seed tube and the fertilizer tube are two.

3. The hilly and mountain area corn sowing device as recited in claim 1, wherein the spoon type precision seed sowing device is mounted on the frame through bolts, a seed box is mounted above the spoon type precision seed sowing device, the lower part of the spoon type precision seed sowing device is connected to the rear side of the seed sowing plow through a seed sowing pipe, a chain wheel is mounted on the side face of the spoon type precision seed sowing device, the chain wheel of the spoon type precision seed sowing device is connected to the chain wheel of the land axle through a chain, and seeds enter the spoon type precision seed sowing device through the seed box and then enter the rear side of the seed sowing plow.

4. The hilly and mountain area corn sowing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sliding adjusting mechanism is located above the ditching mechanism and is composed of a part of the frame and a part of the ditching mechanism, and comprises an adjusting bolt, a frame chute, a frame upper cross arm, a frame vertical arm, a frame lower cross arm, a U-shaped bayonet fixing plate, a vertical arm chute and a cross arm, wherein the upper end of the frame vertical arm is connected with a frame upper cross beam, the lower end of the frame vertical arm is connected with a frame lower cross beam, the frame upper cross beam is provided with an opening frame chute, the adjusting bolt is screwed into the frame upper cross beam, and the U-shaped bayonet is locked and sleeved on the frame lower cross beam through the bolt after being inserted into the U-shaped bayonet fixing plate.

5. The hilly and mountain area corn sowing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer mechanism comprises an outer sheave type fertilizer, a fertilizer positioning plate, a supporting plate, a fertilizer sprocket, a fertilizer shaft, a bearing with a seat, and a fertilizer hose, wherein the fertilizer box is installed above the fertilizer positioning plate, the outer sheave type fertilizer is installed below the fertilizer positioning plate, the outer sheave type fertilizer is fixed on the supporting plate through bolts, the supporting plate is fixed on the frame, the fertilizer hose is fixed under the outer sheave type fertilizer, the tail end of the fertilizer hose is connected with a lower fertilizer pipe of the ditching mechanism, the fertilizer shaft is fixed on the supporting plate through the bearing with the seat and penetrates through the outer sheave type fertilizer, simultaneously, the fertilizer sprockets are installed on two sides, and the fertilizer sprocket is connected with the seed sowing sprocket on the rear side through a chain.

6. The hilly mountain area corn sowing equipment as recited in claim 4, wherein the ditching mechanism comprises a vertical arm, a vertical arm chute, a cross arm, a lower fertilizer pipe head, a seed metering plough tip, a seed metering plough, a soil covering disc and a compression spring, wherein the vertical arm chute is arranged at the upper part of the vertical arm, the lower part of the vertical arm is welded with the cross arm, the lower fertilizer pipe is welded right in front of the cross arm, the lower fertilizer pipe head is welded right below the lower fertilizer pipe, the seed metering plough is welded on the rear side of the cross arm, the front tip end of the seed metering plough is connected with the seed metering plough tip through a screw, and the soil covering disc is arranged at the rear side of the seed metering plough and fixed through the compression spring, so that the ditching soil turning functions required by the seed metering and the seed metering are realized.

7. The hilly mountain area corn sowing device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the vertical wall chute at the upper end of the vertical arm is mounted on the upper beam of the frame through an adjusting bolt, the middle part of the vertical arm is mounted on the lower beam of the frame through a U-shaped bayonet and a U-shaped bayonet fixing plate, and the sliding adjusting mechanism enables the ditching mechanism to be manually adjusted up and down and left and right within a specified range, so that the sowing row spacing and the sowing depth of the sowing device are adjusted.