CN219772321U - Electrolytic polishing device for arc-shaped sample - Google Patents

Electrolytic polishing device for arc-shaped sample Download PDF

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Publication number
CN219772321U
CN219772321U CN202321257360.0U CN202321257360U CN219772321U CN 219772321 U CN219772321 U CN 219772321U CN 202321257360 U CN202321257360 U CN 202321257360U CN 219772321 U CN219772321 U CN 219772321U
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electrolytic polishing
arc
shaped sample
sample
cover plate
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CN202321257360.0U
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王效贵
林梓韩
程阳
王哲衡
吴思腾
谢宇宸
刘世聪
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Abstract

The utility model discloses an electrolytic polishing device for an arc-shaped sample, which comprises a magnetic stirrer, wherein an electrolytic polishing tank is arranged on the magnetic stirrer; the bottom in the electrolytic polishing pool is provided with a magnet; the inner side wall of the electrolytic polishing tank is provided with a cathode lead plate, the cathode lead plate is a hollow cylinder, and the cathode lead plate is connected with the negative electrode of a direct current power supply through a lead; a cover plate is arranged at one end of the opening of the electrolytic polishing pool; the cover plate is provided with a through hole; the through hole of the cover plate is provided with a centering fixing ring; the centering fixing ring is used for fixing an arc-shaped sample; the arc-shaped sample is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply through a lead. The electrolytic polishing device has the advantages of low cost, convenient carrying, little influence by environment, prolonged consumable durability and simple and convenient operation, solves the problem that the arc surface and the appointed position of the existing arc-shaped sample are difficult to thin, and simultaneously avoids the problems of introducing residual stress and plastic deformation layers during mechanical thinning.

Description

Electrolytic polishing device for arc-shaped sample
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of electrolytic polishing, in particular to an electrolytic polishing device for an arc-shaped sample.
Background
The basic principle of electrolytic polishing is that a metal material is used as an anode in a certain electrolyte, and the contradiction process of generating and dissolving is carried out in an oxide film on the surface of the metal. According to the theory of mucous membrane, a viscous liquid film is formed between the dissolved metal and the electrolyte, when the liquid film is positioned at the low recess of the surface of the part, the liquid film has higher resistance and smaller conductivity, the low recess of the surface of the workpiece is prevented from discharging, and the electric lines of force are highly concentrated after the electric conduction caused by the protrusions, such as burrs. Therefore, under certain electrolysis conditions, the slightly convex part of the sample surface dissolves faster than the concave part, so that the effect that the sample surface becomes flat and bright from rough is achieved. The desired surface effect can be obtained by controlling the electropolishing time, temperature and current density.
The mechanical property of the gradient nano-structure metal is tested, and arc-shaped samples thinned to different sizes are required to be prepared. The surface state of the sample has a certain influence on the test result, and the traditional mechanical polishing can introduce certain residual stress and plastic deformation layer on the surface of the workpiece due to macroscopic 'cutting force' and 'cutting heat', thereby influencing the test result. However, the electrolytic polishing does not have the above-mentioned condition, and the anodic dissolution does not have the directional problem, so the surface quality is approximately the same in all directions, and the tensile sample with the specified size is easier to obtain; currently, portable electropolishing devices are not effective for small-area specimens, and for large-area specimens in the shape of circular arcs.
Since the size of the thinning needs to be measured accurately, the arc-shaped sample needs to be thinned many times, and the arc-shaped sample needs to be thinned at a specified position.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art and provides an electrolytic polishing device for arc-shaped samples.
The aim of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: an electrolytic polishing device for arc-shaped samples comprises a magnetic stirrer, wherein an electrolytic polishing tank is arranged on the magnetic stirrer; the bottom in the electrolytic polishing pool is provided with a magnet; the inner side wall of the electrolytic polishing tank is provided with a cathode lead plate, the cathode lead plate is a hollow cylinder, and the cathode lead plate is connected with the negative electrode of a direct current power supply through a lead; a cover plate is arranged at one end of the opening of the electrolytic polishing pool; the cover plate is provided with a through hole; the through hole of the cover plate is provided with a centering fixing ring; the centering fixing ring is used for fixing an arc-shaped sample; the arc-shaped sample is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply through a lead.
Further, the arc-shaped sample is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply through a lead; the copper mouth clamp is used for clamping the arc-shaped sample, and the copper mouth clamp is connected with the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply through a wire.
Further, the centering fixing ring is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
Further, the magnetic rotation speed is 100-1500RPM.
Further, the non-thinned portion of the circular arc-shaped test piece was protected with epoxy glue and sealed with an insulating tape.
An electrolytic polishing method based on the device comprises the following steps:
(1) Immersing the arc-shaped sample in absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning, taking out, cleaning with clear water and airing;
(2) The dried arc-shaped sample passes through a cover plate with holes and is fixed by a centering fixing ring, one end of the arc-shaped sample is clamped by a copper opening clamp, electrolyte is added into an electrolytic polishing tank, the thinned part of the arc-shaped sample is ensured to be completely immersed in the electrolyte, and the arc-shaped sample is subjected to first electrolytic polishing;
(3) Taking out an arc-shaped sample, repeating the step (1), and mechanically thinning the arc-shaped sample to remove the influence of excessive corrosion on the surface of the transition section, wherein the thickness of the mechanical thinning is 1-2 mu m;
(4) The arc-shaped sample is exchanged, namely the copper port clamp clamps the other end of the arc-shaped sample, and electrolytic polishing is carried out again;
(5) Repeating the steps (1) - (4) until the target size is thinned;
wherein, in the step (2), the non-thinned part of the arc-shaped sample is protected by epoxy glue and sealed by an insulating tape before the electrolytic polishing.
Further, in the step (3), the mechanical thinning is specifically: and polishing the thinned part of the arc-shaped sample by using silicon carbide sand paper of No. 2000, no. 2500 and No. 3000 in sequence until all grinding marks are removed, and polishing the thinned part of the arc-shaped sample by using diamond polishing paste of W2.5 and W0.5 until the surface of the thinned part of the arc-shaped sample presents a bright mirror surface.
Further, by controlling the voltage, current density, number of exchanges of the arc-shaped specimen, temperature and time of the electropolishing to match, it is ensured that the sample is thinned to a target size and has a bright surface.
Further, in the step (2) or the step (4), the voltage of the electrolytic polishing is 6-8V, and the current density of the electrolytic polishing is 10-25A/cm 2
Further, the electrolyte is phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid-chromic anhydride mixed electrolyte, phosphoric acid-citric acid mixed electrolyte and mixed electrolyte composed of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrofluoric acid and glycerin or similar compounds.
Further, the thinning rate of the electrolytic polishing is 1-10 μm/min.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
compared with the existing single polishing mode, the utility model integrates two polishing modes, has good polishing quality and stable thinning speed, the thinning speed ranges from 1 to 10 mu m/min, the roundness is corrected, the ellipticity can not exceed 0.01mm, and the roughness does not exceed Ra0.2 mu m.
The electrolytic polishing device has the advantages of low cost, convenient carrying, little influence on environment, prolonged durability of consumable materials and simple and convenient operation.
The utility model is used for solving the problem that the arc surface and the appointed position of the existing arc-shaped sample are difficult to thin, and simultaneously avoiding the problems of introducing residual stress and plastic deformation layer during mechanical thinning.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electropolishing apparatus of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a 3D view of an electropolishing apparatus of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing dissolution profiles of the electropolishing apparatus of the present utility model; in the figure, the abscissa represents time, and the ordinate represents thinning dimension; the metal material thinned by electrolytic polishing is 316L stainless steel;
FIG. 4 is a view showing the thinning accuracy of the electrolytic polishing device of the present utility model; in the figure, the abscissa represents the number of samples, and the ordinate represents the specific diameter size;
in the figure: the device comprises a 1-electrolytic polishing tank, a 2-cover plate, a 3-centering fixing ring, a 4-copper mouth clamp, a 5-dog-bone-shaped round bar tensile sample, a 6-cylindrical lead plate, a 7-magnetic stirrer, an 8-magnet and a 9-direct current power supply.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples do not represent all implementations consistent with the utility model. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with aspects of the utility model as detailed in the accompanying claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The present utility model will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The features of the examples and embodiments described below may be combined with each other without conflict.
An electrolytic polishing device for arc-shaped samples, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprises an electrolytic polishing tank 1, a cover plate 2, a centering fixing ring 3, a copper opening clamp 4, an arc-shaped sample 5, a cathode lead plate 6, a magnetic stirrer 7, a magnet 8 and a direct current power supply 9;
the magnetic stirrer 7 is provided with an electrolytic polishing tank 1; the bottom in the electrolytic polishing pool 1 is provided with a magnet 8; the inner side wall of the electrolytic polishing tank 1 is provided with a cathode lead plate 6, the cathode lead plate 6 is a hollow cylinder, and the cathode lead plate 6 is connected with the negative electrode of a direct current power supply 9 through a lead; one end of the opening of the electrolytic polishing tank 1 is provided with a cover plate 2; the cover plate 2 is provided with a through hole; the through hole of the cover plate 2 is provided with a centering fixing ring 3; the centering fixing ring 3 is used for fixing an arc-shaped sample 5; the arc-shaped sample 5 is connected to the positive electrode of the dc power supply 9 via a wire. Specifically, the centering fixing ring 3 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene. Wherein the cover plate 2 is detachable, and the through hole of the cover plate 2 still keeps a gap after the sample is inserted, so that electrolyte can be supplemented in real time in the electrolytic polishing process, and the liquid level is ensured to be higher than the part requiring electrolysis.
In one embodiment, the arc-shaped sample 5 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply 9 through a wire; the copper mouth clamp 4 can be further arranged, the copper mouth clamp 4 is used for clamping the arc-shaped sample 5, the copper mouth clamp 4 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply 9 through a wire, and stability of a circuit in the electrolysis process is guaranteed.
The two centering fixing rings 3 respectively act on the upper part and the lower part of the cover plate 2 and are used for fixing the arc-shaped sample 5 and the cover plate 2, so that the arc-shaped sample 5 is kept in a vertical state in the electrolytic polishing cell 1, and the position of the arc-shaped sample 5 immersed in the electrolytic polishing cell 1 is adjusted;
the cathode lead plate 6 is a hollow cylinder, namely a tubular structure with two open ends, so that the thinning effect of the arc-shaped sample 5 is uniform and consistent, the precision is high, and the actual requirements are met; the cathode lead plate 6 is vertically arranged in the electrolytic polishing tank 1, the cathode lead plate 6 is connected with a wire in a winding way, and the other end of the wire is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply 9;
the magnetic stirrer 7 is used for driving the magnet 8 in the electrolytic polishing tank 1 to rotate, and the rotating speed range of the magnet 8 is 100-1500RPM; preferably, the magnetic 8 rotation speed is set to 300RPM;
the direct current power supply 9 is used for providing stable voltage or current for the back-end load so as to meet different testing requirements.
According to the electrolytic polishing method for the arc-shaped sample, the arc-shaped sample is a dog-bone-shaped round bar tensile sample, the material is 316L stainless steel, the transition section and the parallel section of the sample are thinned parts, and the clamping section is a non-thinned part; the electrolytic polishing method comprises the following steps:
s1, at room temperature, ultrasonically cleaning a dog bone-shaped round bar tensile sample in absolute ethyl alcohol for 15min, taking out, cleaning with clear water and naturally airing;
s2, enabling the dried arc-shaped sample to pass through a cover plate with holes, fixing the sample by using a centering fixing ring, clamping one end of the dog-bone-shaped round bar tensile sample by using a copper opening clamp, adding electrolyte (special electrolyte for stainless steel is adopted as the electrolyte in the embodiment, and phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid-chromic anhydride mixed electrolyte is adopted as the main component) into an electrolytic polishing tank, ensuring that a transition section and a parallel section (the original diameter of the parallel section is 6.6 mm) of the dog-bone-shaped round bar tensile sample are completely immersed in the electrolyte, and carrying out first electrolytic polishing on the transition section and the parallel section of the dog-bone-shaped round bar tensile sample at room temperature, thereby realizing current density25A/cm 2 The voltage is 6-8V, the thinning speed is 5 mu m/min, the first polishing time is 20min (namely 100 mu m), the parallel section of the dog-bone-shaped round bar tensile sample is polished to be 200 mu m away from the target diameter (the target diameter of the parallel section is 6.3 mm), the influence of the size of the transition section on the tensile mechanical property is small, and the parallel section is focused on, so that the diameter of the transition section is not counted;
s3, taking out a dog-bone-shaped round bar tensile sample, repeating the step S1, mechanically thinning the dog-bone-shaped round bar tensile sample, removing the influence of excessive corrosion on the surfaces of the transition section and the parallel section, and stopping mechanically thinning by about 1-2 mu m;
s4, the dog-bone-shaped round bar tensile sample is exchanged, namely, the copper port clamps the other end of the arc-shaped sample, and due to the influence of magnetic stirring, electrolyte flow rates of different depths are different, so that the upper end and the lower end of the dog-bone-shaped round bar tensile sample are exchanged at intervals for a certain time, and the uniformity of the electrolysis process is ensured. Performing secondary electrolytic polishing at room temperature with current density of 25A/cm 2 The voltage is 6-8V, the thinning speed is 5 mu m/min, and the polishing time is 20min; polishing the parallel sections of the dog bone shaped round bar tensile sample to a distance of 100 μm from the target diameter;
s5, repeating the step S3;
s6, the dog-bone-shaped round bar tensile sample is exchanged again, namely the copper mouth clamp clamps the other end of the arc-shaped sample, and the third electrolytic polishing is carried out at room temperature, and the current density is 25A/cm 2 Polishing the parallel section of the dog-bone shaped round bar tensile sample to a distance of 1-2 μm from the target diameter (6.3 mm) at a voltage of 6-8V and a thinning rate of 5 μm/min;
s7, repeating the step S3 until the parallel sections are thinned to the target diameter. As shown in fig. 3 and 4.
The laser calliper can be accurately measured to the micrometer level, and the laser calliper can be used to determine the size of the sample after the sample is thinned after mechanical thinning or electrolytic thinning to reduce errors.
In the step S2, before electrolytic polishing, the clamping section is protected by epoxy resin glue and sealed by an insulating adhesive tape. The epoxy resin glue and the insulating adhesive tape are sealed to ensure that the clamping section of the tensile sample immersed in the electrolytic cell does not react with the electrolyte, so that the accurate electrolytic polishing of the appointed target position is realized.
In step S2, pits are present on the resulting electropolished surface due to the effect of over-corrosion, and mechanical thinning is required to remove the pits in step S3.
Mechanical thinning in the step S3: and sequentially polishing the transition section and the parallel section of the dog-bone-shaped round bar tensile sample by using the silicon carbide sand paper of No. 2000, no. 2500 and No. 3000 until all grinding marks are removed, and polishing the transition section and the parallel section of the dog-bone-shaped round bar tensile sample by using the diamond polishing paste of W2.5 and W0.5 until the surface of the dog-bone-shaped round bar tensile sample presents a bright mirror surface.
The room temperature is 10-20 ℃; the embodiment ensures the thinning to the target size and has a bright surface by controlling the voltage, current density, and the number of exchanges, temperature and time of the electropolishing, and matching of the dog bone shaped round bar tensile specimen.
In some embodiments, the electropolishing voltage is 6-8V and the electropolishing current density is 10-25A/cm 2 The thinning speed is 1-10 mu m/min, and the electrolytic polishing time is calculated according to the thinning thickness and the corresponding thinning speed.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather to enable any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like to be made within the spirit and principles of the utility model.
The above embodiments are merely for illustrating the design concept and features of the present utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present utility model and implement the same, the scope of the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications according to the principles and design ideas of the present utility model are within the scope of the present utility model.
Other embodiments of the utility model will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This utility model is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the utility model following, in general, the principles of the utility model and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the utility model pertains. The specification and examples are to be regarded in an illustrative manner only.
It is to be understood that the utility model is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof.

Claims (5)

1. An electrolytic polishing device for arc-shaped samples is characterized by comprising a magnetic stirrer (7), wherein an electrolytic polishing cell (1) is arranged on the magnetic stirrer (7); the bottom in the electrolytic polishing pool (1) is provided with a magnet (8); the inner side wall of the electrolytic polishing tank (1) is provided with a cathode lead plate (6), the cathode lead plate (6) is a hollow cylinder, and the cathode lead plate (6) is connected with the negative electrode of a direct current power supply (9) through a lead; one end of the opening of the electrolytic polishing tank (1) is provided with a cover plate (2); the cover plate (2) is provided with a through hole; the through hole of the cover plate (2) is provided with a centering fixing ring (3); the centering fixing ring (3) is used for fixing an arc-shaped sample (5); the arc-shaped sample (5) is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply (9) through a lead.
2. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a copper mouth clamp (4), wherein the copper mouth clamp (4) is used for clamping the arc-shaped sample (5), and the copper mouth clamp (4) is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply (9) through a wire.
3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the centering collar (3) is a polytetrafluoroethylene piece.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the magnetic rotation speed is 100-1500RPM.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the non-thinned portion of the arcuate sample is protected with epoxy glue and sealed with an insulating tape.
CN202321257360.0U 2023-05-23 2023-05-23 Electrolytic polishing device for arc-shaped sample Active CN219772321U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Publications (1)

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CN219772321U true CN219772321U (en) 2023-09-29

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