CN219625707U - 具有光电检测器器件的移动设备 - Google Patents

具有光电检测器器件的移动设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN219625707U
CN219625707U CN202221563654.1U CN202221563654U CN219625707U CN 219625707 U CN219625707 U CN 219625707U CN 202221563654 U CN202221563654 U CN 202221563654U CN 219625707 U CN219625707 U CN 219625707U
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
terminal
mobile device
region
coupled
photodetector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202221563654.1U
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
乔纳森·克拉姆金
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN219625707U publication Critical patent/CN219625707U/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/08Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
    • H01L31/10Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
    • H01L31/101Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
    • H01L31/102Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier
    • H01L31/105Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier the potential barrier being of the PIN type
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4816Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of receivers alone
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S17/89Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4811Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements common to transmitter and receiver
    • G01S7/4813Housing arrangements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/483Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/486Receivers
    • G01S7/4861Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
    • G01S7/4863Detector arrays, e.g. charge-transfer gates
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14601Structural or functional details thereof
    • H01L27/14609Pixel-elements with integrated switching, control, storage or amplification elements
    • H01L27/1461Pixel-elements with integrated switching, control, storage or amplification elements characterised by the photosensitive area
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14601Structural or functional details thereof
    • H01L27/1462Coatings
    • H01L27/14621Colour filter arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14601Structural or functional details thereof
    • H01L27/14625Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
    • H01L27/14627Microlenses
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14643Photodiode arrays; MOS imagers
    • H01L27/14645Colour imagers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14683Processes or apparatus peculiar to the manufacture or treatment of these devices or parts thereof
    • H01L27/14689MOS based technologies
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14683Processes or apparatus peculiar to the manufacture or treatment of these devices or parts thereof
    • H01L27/14694The active layers comprising only AIIIBV compounds, e.g. GaAs, InP
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/02016Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices
    • H01L31/02019Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0216Coatings
    • H01L31/02161Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0216Coatings
    • H01L31/02161Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02162Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for filtering or shielding light, e.g. multicolour filters for photodetectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0232Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
    • H01L31/02327Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device the optical elements being integrated or being directly associated to the device, e.g. back reflectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/0248Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
    • H01L31/0256Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
    • H01L31/0264Inorganic materials
    • H01L31/0304Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14601Structural or functional details thereof
    • H01L27/14634Assemblies, i.e. Hybrid structures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/0248Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
    • H01L31/0256Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
    • H01L31/0264Inorganic materials
    • H01L31/0304Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
    • H01L31/03042Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds characterised by the doping material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/0248Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
    • H01L31/0256Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
    • H01L31/0264Inorganic materials
    • H01L31/0304Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
    • H01L31/03046Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds including ternary or quaternary compounds, e.g. GaAlAs, InGaAs, InGaAsP
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/0248Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
    • H01L31/0352Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions
    • H01L31/035209Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions comprising a quantum structures
    • H01L31/035218Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions comprising a quantum structures the quantum structure being quantum dots
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/08Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
    • H01L31/10Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
    • H01L31/101Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
    • H01L31/102Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier
    • H01L31/107Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier the potential barrier working in avalanche mode, e.g. avalanche photodiodes
    • H01L31/1075Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier the potential barrier working in avalanche mode, e.g. avalanche photodiodes in which the active layers, e.g. absorption or multiplication layers, form an heterostructure, e.g. SAM structure

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
  • Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了具有光电检测器器件的移动设备。提供了一种移动设备,包括:外壳,具有外部区域和内部区域;激光设备,在空间上设置在所述外壳的感测部分上;以及用于光电检测器设备的电路。所述电路包括:第一端子;第二端子;硅(Si)衬底;多个v形凹槽;成核层,包括砷化镓材料以涂覆所述硅衬底的表面区域;缓冲材料,包括多个纳米线、第一过渡区域和第二过渡区域;光电检测器的阵列,所述阵列的特征在于N和M个像素元素。所述光电检测器中的每一个包括:n型材料,包括InP材料,所述InP材料包括上覆于所述缓冲材料的硅杂质;吸收材料;p型材料;第一电极;第二电极;照明区域。

Description

具有光电检测器器件的移动设备
技术领域
本申请涉及具有光电检测器器件的移动设备。
背景技术
多年来,电子设备已经激增。由Apple公司设计和销售的iPhone 12到Amazon.com公司用于销售几乎所有类型商品的先进网络,电子设备几乎已进入我们日常生活的方方面面。这些设备依赖于由半导体材料(通常是硅(“Si”))制成的微型芯片。这些硅材料还用于制造可以捕捉物体或场景的图像的光电检测器器件。硅被广泛使用是因为它是一种丰富的材料,并且由于对电子行业的投资,硅基半导体制造已经成熟。一种常见的技术工艺称为互补金属氧化物半导体,或“CMOS”。CMOS技术是为制造集成电路而开发的,但现在用于图像传感器。这种图像传感器称为CMOS图像传感器。通常,此类CMOS图像传感器是使用12英寸硅晶片大批量制造的。
尽管CMOS图像传感器取得了进步,但仍存在限制或缺点。例如,CMOS图像传感器在可检测波长范围内具有局限性。此外,这样的CMOS图像传感器在可检测波长范围内的较长波长下灵敏度较差。这些和其他限制也可能存在。
综上所述,期望工业开发改进的感测器件。
实用新型内容
本申请总体上涉及电子器件。更具体地,本申请提供与用于移动应用的光电子器件相关的技术,例如但不限于在硅上使用化合物半导体(“CS”)材料的异质外延的光电检测器和光电检测器阵列电路。仅作为示例,本申请可以应用于各种应用,包括图像感测、测距(包括LIDAR(光检测和测距))等,但是应该认识到存在许多其他应用。
根据一个实施例,本申请提供了一种被配置有LIDAR功能的移动设备。该移动设备可以被配置用于虚拟现实(VR)、移动电话、智能手机、平板电脑、膝上型电脑、智能手表、电子阅读器、手持游戏控制台或其他移动计算设备。移动设备可以具有带有外部区域和内部区域的外壳。内部区域包括显示部分、感测部分、和检测部分。
移动设备的感测部分可以耦合到激光器器件(或激光器阵列),该激光器器件被配置为发射电磁辐射。该激光器可以在空间上设置在外壳的感测部分上,以包括被配置在外壳的外部区域的感测部分上的孔。电磁辐射发射可以具有在850nm到1550nm之间的波长范围。激光器器件可以是VCSEL(垂直腔面发射激光器)阵列器件、EEL(边缘发射激光器)器件、耦合到反射镜器件的激光器器件等。
移动设备的检测部分可以耦合到图像传感器器件,该图像传感器器件被配置为检测光子并将它们转换为电信号。该图像传感器可以在空间上被设置为包括被配置在外壳的外部区域的检测部分上的孔。图像传感器可以耦合到逻辑/读出电路,并且激光器可以耦合到激光器驱动器。这些器件可以被配置在同一个集成电路设备内。
移动设备还可以包括耦合在外壳的内部区域内的分类器模块。在示例中,分类器模块可以耦合到逻辑/读出电路以进一步处理由图像传感器收集的数据。该分类器模块可以包括一个或多个类别的分类,包括:速度感测、图像感测、面部识别、距离感测、声学感测、热感测、颜色感测、生物感测(即,经由生物传感器)、重力感测、机械运动感测或其他类似的感测类型。
在特定实施例中,图像传感器包括光电检测器器件,该光电检测器器件包括第一端子和第二端子等。光电检测器器件包括具有表面区域的Si衬底。该器件具有缓冲材料,该缓冲材料包括CS材料,该CS材料使用直接异质外延沉积在Si衬底的表面区域上,使得CS材料的特征在于第一带隙特性、第一热特性、第一极性和第一晶体特性,并且Si衬底具有第二带隙特性、第二热特性、第二极性和第二晶体特性。该设备具有光电检测器的阵列,该阵列的特征在于N×M个像素元素,其中N是大于7的整数,M是大于0的整数。
在一个实施例中,每个像素元素具有各种特征。在一个实施例中,每个像素元素具有从0.3微米到50微米范围内的特征长度。在一个实施例中,每个像素元素具有从0.3微米到50微米范围内的优选特征长度。在一个实施例中,每个光电检测器包括:n型材料,该n型材料包括磷化铟(InP)材料,该InP材料包括浓度在3×1017cm-3至8×1018cm-3范围内的Si杂质;上覆于n型材料上的吸收材料,该吸收材料包括含砷化铟镓(InGaAs)材料,该吸收材料基本上不含杂质;上覆于吸收材料上的p型材料,该p型材料包含浓度在3×1017cm-3至5×1018cm-3范围内的锌杂质或铍杂质;第一电极,耦合到n型材料并耦合到第一端子;以及第二电极,耦合到p型材料并耦合到第二端子以限定双端子器件。该器件具有照明区域,该照明区域的特征在于孔区域,以允许多个光子与CS材料相互作用并被吸收材料的一部分吸收,以生成移动电荷载流子,该移动电荷载流子在第一端子和第二端子之间产生电流。
实现了优于常规技术的益处或优点。基于通过直接或选择性异质外延而在Si上异质外延CS材料和器件结构的集成平台能够大批量制造用于移动应用的光电器件,例如图像传感器和激光器阵列。使用本技术制造的这些器件可以表现出改进的可检测波长范围、更高的灵敏度和其他相关的性能指标。这些和其他益处或优点在整个本说明书中进行了描述,并且在下文中更具体地进行了描述。
可以通过参考说明书的后半部分和附图来实现对本申请的本质和优点的进一步理解。
附图说明
图1A是根据本申请的示例的具有集成的图像感测的移动设备的俯视图的简化图;
图1B是图1A所示的移动设备的示例图像传感器阵列芯片的透视图的简化图;
图1C是图1A所示的移动设备的示例激光器芯片的透视图的简化图;
图1D是图1A所示的移动设备的示例激光器芯片的透视图的简化图;
图1E是根据本申请的示例的具有集成图像感测的移动设备的前视图的简化图;
图1F是根据本申请的示例的具有集成图像感测的移动设备的后视图的简化图;
图1G是根据本申请的示例的LIDAR系统的简化框图;
图2A是根据本申请的示例的电路设备的简化图,其中该电路设备包括的光电检测器阵列电路被耦合到读出电路;
图2B是图2A所示的光电检测器阵列电路被耦合到读出电路的简化电路图;
图3是根据本申请的示例的光电检测器电路设备的简化图;
图4是根据本申请的示例的设备的简化图,该设备包括在Si衬底上通过异质外延实现的CS缓冲材料、CS器件材料、p掺杂区域、隔离沟槽、平面膜、金属接触件、过孔、过孔中的金属和沟槽中的顶部金属;
图5是根据本申请的示例的在Si衬底上通过选择性区域异质外延实现的CS缓冲材料、CS器件材料、p掺杂区域、隔离沟槽、平面膜、金属接触件、过孔、过孔中的金属和沟槽中的顶部金属的简化图;
图6A-6C分别是根据本申请的示例的具有图案化的管芯的晶片的俯视图描述和被图案化有圆形或矩形条以用于选择性区域异质外延的示例管芯的俯视图描述;
图7是示出用于本申请的InGaAs材料和用于常规CMOS感测器件的Si材料的近似吸收光谱图的绘图的简化图。
图8是示出根据本申请的示例的光电检测器器件的简化图。
具体实施方式
在一个示例中,本申请提供了一种设备,用于在Si衬底上实现高度可制造和可扩展的半导体光电器件,包括光电检测器电路阵列,该设备可实现在各种移动设备中。通过在硅衬底上直接沉积CS材料,可以利用成熟的Si微电子制造工艺来制造高性能光电检测器电路。在CMOS技术中常见的12英寸Si衬底上的沉积可以在CMOS生产线中进行后续制造,但是该技术不仅限于12英寸Si衬底。CS材料可以用本申请中描述的技术直接沉积在Si衬底上。
除了Si衬底之外,可以使用替代衬底,包括但不限于绝缘体上硅(SOI)、斜切Si、斜切Si上SOI或Si上锗(Ge),而不脱离本申请的范围。
本申请的技术可以用于大批量的各种光电器件。这些器件包括但不限于边缘发射或垂直腔面发射激光器、光调制器、光电检测器或光电二极管、半导体光放大器和用于光梳或频率生成的非线性器件。对于图像传感器和光电检测器电路阵列具体而言,可以通过对器件层的异质外延沉积和随后的制造步骤来实现各种器件结构。这些器件结构包括但不限于平面光电二极管、台面光电二极管、双台面光电二极管、PIN或NIP光电二极管、雪崩光电二极管(APD)和单行载流子(UTC)光电二极管。
通过在Si上沉积CS材料而实现的光电器件和器件阵列可用于各种应用,包括但不限于:LIDAR;用于自动驾驶车辆的LIDAR,自动驾驶车辆包括但不限于汽车、飞行器、飞机、喷气式飞机、无人机、机器人车辆;高级驾驶员辅助系统(ADAS);用于移动设备的LIDAR,移动设备包括但不限于手机和平板电脑;用于相机应用的成像,相机应用包括但不限于数码相机、手机、平板电脑;用于机器人、人工智能(AI)应用、增强现实(AR)应用和虚拟现实(VR)应用的成像和感知;3D成像和感测;国防和航空航天;工业视觉、工厂自动化;医学和生物医学成像;地形、天气和风测图;气体感测;红外(IR)成像;智能建筑、安全、人数统计;热成像、热影像;供暖、通风和空调(HVAC)。
除了III-V族CS材料之外,本申请的技术可以应用于光电检测器电路的其他材料,包括但不限于II-VI化合物、IV-VI化合物、II-V化合物、或IV-IV化合物。
在另一实施例中,CS成核、缓冲材料和随后的光电检测器材料可以通过选择性区域异质外延来沉积和形成,其中可以首先用电介质图案化Si或类似衬底以形成凹部,在该凹部内可以选择性地沉积CS成核、缓冲材料和光电检测器材料。选择性区域异质外延是如下工艺:用电介质对硅衬底进行图案化,并且随后对半导体材料的沉积将选择性地沉积在暴露的Si硅表面上,而不是电介质表面上。选择性区域异质外延有利于提高Si上CS材料的质量,以便于光电检测器的制造,也便于实现新型器件结构。选择性区域异质外延可以通过释放由CS材料和Si之间的热膨胀系数不匹配引起的热应变并通过提供缺陷和位错的纵横比俘获来提高材料质量。
上述技术可以应用于为移动设备配置的集成电路。图1A是根据本申请的示例的具有集成的图像感测的移动设备的俯视图的简化图。如图所示,设备101包括电路板110(例如,印刷电路板(PCB)等),该电路板110具有读出/逻辑器件120、图像传感器器件130、激光器器件(或激光器阵列)140和被配置在顶部上的激光器驱动器150。在这种情况下,图像传感器芯片130面朝下接合在读出/逻辑芯片120之上。由相关联的激光器驱动器150配置的激光器阵列芯片140发射一个或多个输出光束,这些输出光束被目标反射并返回以由图像传感器芯片130成像。图1B-1D示出了设备101的某些组件的附加细节或变化。图1B示出了被配置为具有M×N个像素元素的阵列132的示例图像传感器芯片130的透视图。激光器阵列芯片140可以是:VCSEL(垂直腔面发射激光器)阵列142,如图1C所示;EEL(边缘发射激光器)144,如图1D所示;等等。示例输出光束149在两个示例中均由虚线示出。
根据示例,本申请提供了一种被配置有LIDAR功能的移动设备。如图1E(前视图)和图1F(后视图)所示,示例移动设备105可以具有外壳160,外壳160具有内部区域162和外部区域164。内部区域包括显示部分172、感测部分174和检测部分176。在这种情况下,显示部分172被配置在设备105的内部区域的前侧,并且感测部分174和检测部分176被配置在内部区域162的后侧。可以存在其他配置,例如在前侧上具有感测部分174和检测部分176或在前侧和后侧上都具有感测部分174和检测部分176。显示部分172可以包括各种显示器类型,例如液晶显示器(LCD)、发光二极管(LED)显示器、触摸屏显示器、可折叠和可卷曲显示器等。
移动设备105的感测部分174可以耦合到被配置为发射电磁辐射的激光器器件140。该激光器140可以在空间上被设置为包括孔,该孔被配置在外壳160的内部区域的感测部分174上。在一个示例中,电磁辐射发射可以具有在850nm到1550nm之间的波长范围。在一个具体示例中,波长可为940nm。激光器器件140可以是VCSEL阵列设备(参见图1C)、EEL设备(参见图1D)、耦合到反射镜设备的激光器器件等。
移动设备105的检测部分176可以耦合到图像传感器器件130,该图像传感器器件130被配置为检测光子并将它们转换为电信号。该图像传感器可以在空间上被设置为包括孔,该孔被配置在外壳160的内部区域162的检测部分176上。图像传感器130和激光器140可以被配置为类似于图1A所示的集成电路设备101。如内部区域162(图1E中的虚线剖面106)所示,图像传感器130电耦合到逻辑/读出电路120。在这种情况下,图像传感器130面向设备105的后侧(由虚线表示)。此外,激光器140电耦合到激光器驱动器150。
移动设备105还可以包括耦合在外壳160的内部区域162内的分类器模块178。在示例中,分类器模块178可以耦合到逻辑/读出电路120以进一步处理由图像传感器130收集的数据。该分类器模块178可以包括一个或多个类别的分类,包括速度感测、图像感测、面部识别、距离感测、声学感测、热感测、颜色感测、生物感测(即,经由生物传感器)、重力感测、机械运动感测或其他类似的感测类型。
在示例中,图像传感器130是光电检测器电路,该光电检测器电路包括CS材料堆叠,该CS材料堆叠上覆于Si衬底上。该材料堆叠可以包括缓冲材料和光电检测器阵列,该光电检测器阵列由n型材料、吸收材料和p型材料配置。每个光电检测器还包括照明区域、耦合到n型材料和第一端子的第一电极、以及耦合到p型材料和第二端子的第二电极。参考其余附图讨论光电检测器电路的进一步细节。
该移动设备105可以被配置用于虚拟现实(VR)、移动电话、智能手机、平板电脑、膝上型电脑、智能手表、电子阅读器、手持游戏控制台或其他移动计算设备。本领域普通技术人员将认识到先前讨论的设备配置和应用的其他变型、修改和替代物。
图1G是示出根据本申请的示例的LIDAR系统的简化框图。如图所示,系统107包括图像传感器器件130、光学器件134、激光器器件(或激光器阵列)140、可移动反射镜180,可移动反射镜180光耦合到光学循环器136。在这种配置中,可移动反射镜180可以将来自激光器140的一个或多个出射光束(通过光学循环器136)转向到反射物体/点199。然后,来自该反射物体/点199的一个或多个返回光束用图像传感器130成像(即,从可移动反射镜180反射回来并由光学循环器136引导通过光学器件134到达图像传感器130)。使用这些元件之间的这个光路(由带有方向箭头的线所示),可移动反射镜180可以在2维中实现转向以实现场景或物体的3维成像。当然,对于这个示例LIDAR系统,可以有其他变型、修改和替代物。
图2A是根据本申请的示例的电路设备200的简化图,其中包括的光电检测器阵列电路201被耦合到读出电路202。如图所示,光电检测器电路201在接合界面203处接合到CMOS读出电路202。光电检测器电路和CMOS电路的前段制造步骤可以在细节或顺序上有所不同,而不脱离本申请的范围。在一个示例中,阵列201中的每个光电检测器器件结构都包括n型CS材料214、CS吸收材料216、p型CS材料220(配置在CS材料218内)、耦合到第一端子228(即,阳极)的p金属接触件224、耦合到第二端子232(即,阴极,在图2B中示出)的n金属接触件。在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下,可以从光电检测器电路的顶部或从后侧制成n金属接触件/第二端子耦合件。这些光电检测器器件可以被隔离沟槽222分隔开。
读出电路202包括Si衬底240,该Si衬底240可以包括读出集成电路(ROIC)242和其他前侧集成电路(IC)。电介质层244内的读出电路202的金属层可以包括在接合界面203处连接到光电检测器201的阳极端子228和阴极端子232的端子(例如,第一输入端子246和第二输入端子)。图2B示出了设备200的简化电路图表示,其中光电检测器201耦合到读出电路202,该读出电路202具有用于像素读出262和触发264的端子。本领域普通技术人员将认识到金属接触件和端子连接的配置的其他变型、修改和替代物。
用于后段制造的步骤(包括粘合、后侧接触、光学涂层、滤色器集成或透镜附接)可以在细节或顺序上有所不同,而不脱离本申请的范围。在本申请的示例中,在与Si CMOS电路面对面接合之后,从光电检测器电路的后侧去除Si处理衬底和一些CS材料(参见图3中的衬底210和CS缓冲材料212)。该去除的部分形成照明区域,该照明区域被配置为允许光与光电检测器材料(例如,CS吸收材料)相互作用。光学涂层250和/或滤色器252可应用于n型CMOS材料以帮助限定用于像素元素的照明孔。透镜阵列254可以耦合到光学涂层250/滤色器252以增加光到每个像素元素的耦合以提高光电检测器电路的响应度。图2A的光电检测器电路表示后侧照明(BSI)光电检测器。在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下,可以通过在Si上进行CS异质外延来实现修改的前侧照明(FSI)光电检测器电路。
图3是根据本申请的实施例的光电检测器阵列电路设备300的简化图。如前所述,本申请可以包括通过异质外延在Si衬底之上沉积CS材料以形成CS材料堆叠。设备300可以表示接合到CMOS电路(图2A的器件202)的光电检测器阵列电路(图2A的器件201)的先前制造阶段。此处,CS缓冲材料212在空间上被配置在Si衬底210的Si表面211之上。光电检测器器件材料(包括n型CS材料214、CS吸收材料216、CS材料218)在空间上被配置为上覆于CS缓冲材料212之上。一个或多个p型CS区域220被配置在CS材料218的一个或多个部分内。一个或多个隔离沟槽222被配置在光电检测器器件材料的部分(即,层214、216和218)内并且填充有用于光学或电隔离的电介质材料226,或者替代性地或包含性地填充有诸如金属之类的其他材料,这些材料可以将阵列的各个CS光电检测器器件分隔开。
每个光电检测器可以被配置为具有到n型CS材料214和p型CS材料220的金属接触件(或电极)。在图3中,p接触金属224被配置为上覆于每个p型CS材料220上,并且尽管未示出,但n接触金属可以耦合到n型CS材料214。在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下,可以从光电检测器电路212的顶侧或从后侧进行n金属接触和耦合。p接触金属224可以进一步耦合到第一端子228(例如,阳极),并且n接触金属可以耦合到第二端子(例如,阴极)。
根据一个示例,本申请提供了一种用于光电检测器的电路。光电检测器电路包括缓冲材料等,该缓冲材料被包括以上覆于Si衬底的表面区域上。该缓冲材料可以包括CS材料,该CS材料使用直接异质外延而沉积在Si衬底的表面区域上,使得CS材料的特征在于第一带隙特性、第一热特性、第一极性和第一晶体特性。与缓冲材料相比,Si衬底的特征在于第二带隙特性、第二热特性、第二极性和第二晶体特性。
在具体示例中,CS材料可以包括InP、InGaAs、砷化镓(GaAs)、磷化镓(GaP)、磷砷化铟镓(InGaAsP)、砷化铟铝镓(InAlGaAs)、砷化铟(InAs)、磷化铟镓(InGaP)或它们的组合。
光电检测器电路还包括光电检测器的阵列。该阵列的特征在于N×M个像素元素(即N×M阵列;N>0,M>0)。在具体示例中,N为大于7的整数,M为大于0的整数。这些像素元素中的每一个都具有从0.3微米到50微米的范围内的特征长度。此外,每个光电检测器包括n型材料、上覆于n型材料上的吸收材料、以及上覆于吸收材料上的p型材料。
在特定示例中,n型材料可以包括InP材料,该InP材料具有浓度范围为3×1017cm-3至5×1018cm-3的硅杂质,上覆于缓冲材料之上。吸收材料可以包括含有InGaAs的材料并且可以主要(或基本上)不含任何杂质。并且,p型材料可以包括浓度范围为3×1017cm-3至5×1018cm-3的锌杂质或铍杂质。
在替代的光电检测器CS器件结构中,n型材料包括GaAs材料,该GaAs材料包括浓度范围为3×1017cm-3至5×1018cm-3的硅杂质,吸收材料包括InAs量子点材料,并且p型材料包括浓度范围为3×1017cm-3至1×1020cm-3的锌杂质或铍杂质或碳杂质。
此外,光电检测器器件结构可以配置有包括InGaAs或InGaAsP的单独吸收材料以及包括InP的倍增材料,其中倍增材料通过雪崩增益产生附加的电荷载流子。
光电检测器电路还包括耦合到n型材料并耦合到第一端子的第一电极,以及耦合到p型材料并耦合到第二端子的第二电极。这种配置将每个光电检测器限定为双端子器件(即,具有阳极和阴极端子)。
光电检测器电路还包括以孔区域为特征的照明区域,以允许多个光子与CS材料相互作用并被吸收材料的一部分吸收,以生成移动电荷载流子,这些移动电荷载流子在第一端子和第二端子之间产生电流。在特定示例中,Si衬底被配置为允许光子穿过其中。照明区域也可以被配置为不含硅衬底的任何部分。滤色器可以被配置为上覆于(或以其他方式耦合到)照明区域上,并且透镜可以被配置为上覆于(或以其他方式耦合到)滤色器上。
此外,光电检测器电路的特征在于响应度大于0.1安培/瓦(表征第一端子和第二端子之间的电路)以及在第一端子和第二端子之间测量的大于10%的光电二极管量子效率。根据应用,光电检测器电路可以表征为BSI设备或FSI。
光电检测器电路设备还可包括耦合到光电检测器阵列的模拟前端电路,例如ROIC。ROIC包括第一输入端子、第二输入端子和像素输出端。第一输入端子和第二输入端子分别耦合到光电检测器的第一端子和第二端子。光电检测器电路还可以包括模数转换功能(例如,配置有ROIC或配置为ROIC的一部分)。对于上面讨论的元件和配置,可以有其他变型、修改和替代物。
图4和图5是示出根据本申请的示例的化合物半导体(CS)光电检测器电路设备400和500的简化图。在这些图中,后续图中的共用附图标记指的是与前面图中所述的相同元件。
在设备400的实施例中,CS缓冲材料420在空间上被设置为上覆于Si衬底410的表面区域上,以使CS缓冲材料420成核并俘获和/或过滤CS缓冲材料420内的缺陷并且靠近CS缓冲材料420和Si衬底410之间的界面。
光电检测器器件材料可以沉积为上覆于CS缓冲材料420和Si衬底410上。光电检测器器件材料可以包括n型CS材料510、CS吸收材料520和CS材料530。在这个实施例中,沉积为上覆于Si上的缓冲层之上的CS器件材料可以包括用于光电检测器阵列电路的平面光电二极管结构。
n型CS材料510包括Si掺杂杂质并且被包括以上覆于Si上的缓冲层之上。CS吸收材料520(被包括以上覆于n型材料510上)对具有感兴趣的特征波长或波长范围的光具有高度吸收性。吸收材料520基本上不含杂质。CS材料530(被包括以上覆于吸收材料520上)是在没有无意杂质的情况下被沉积的。所示的各种材料可以包括能带平滑层、扩散阻挡层、单独的吸收层、电荷层或倍增层。本领域普通技术人员将认识到其他变型、修改和替代物。
用于每个光电检测器的p型材料610被包括在CS材料530的一部分内。根据用于元件530的具体CS材料,p型材料610可以包括弥散的杂质材料,该杂质材料可以是锌、铍或碳等。
隔离沟槽710可以被包括在光电检测器器件材料的部分(即,层510-530)内,以用于光隔离或电隔离,并且组合地以露n型层510(例如,包括一个或多个n接触金属)。一个或多个p接触金属720可以被包括以上覆于p型材料610上。电介质材料730可以被沉积为上覆于p接触金属720、p型材料610和光电检测器器件材料上。在这种情况下,电介质材料730也填充隔离沟槽710。附加的过孔和沟槽可以被包括以暴露p接触金属720,并且然后可以用金属材料740填充过孔和沟槽以在电介质材料730的暴露表面区域处提供到p接触金属720的金属连接。当然,可以有其他变型、修改和替代物。
所包括的光电检测器器件结构可以包括但不限于PIN光电二极管、APD、UTC-PD、台面光电二极管或平面光电二极管。光电检测器可以利用体吸收层,包括但不限于InGaAs、InGaAsP,或者可以替代地利用量子阱、量子短线或量子点。本领域普通技术人员将认识到其他变型、修改和替代物。
图5表示光电检测器电路500的替代实施例,其中CS材料通过选择性区域异质外延而沉积在Si表面上,其中Si表面首先用电介质材料图案化以形成凹部,在该凹部内CS材料将被选择性地沉积在暴露的Si表面上,而不沉积在电介质材料上。这些材料可以包括与图4所述的那些相似或相同的层(由相同的附图标记表示)。如图5所示,在CS材料的选择性异质外延之后的光电检测器电路500的前段制造步骤可以与图4的实施例中的光电检测器电路400中使用的那些元件相似或相同(由相同的附图标记表示)。如图所示,电介质材料910(如果不去除则与用于图案化Si表面的电介质材料结合在一起)将由选择性区域异质外延形成的两个CS材料堆叠相隔离。
选择性区域异质外延有利于提高Si上CS材料的质量,以便于光电检测器的制造,也便于实现新型器件结构。选择性区域异质外延可以通过释放由CS材料和Si之间的热膨胀系数不匹配引起的热应变并通过提供缺陷和位错的纵横比俘获来提高材料质量。
图5的实施例由于图案化的电介质所提供的隔离而可能不需要单独的沟槽隔离(图4所示)。可以去除CS区域之间的一些电介质,并且然后可以用不透明的材料(例如金属)填充这些区域,以提供附加的光学隔离。在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下,这种沟槽隔离可以替代地被包括以通到目标读出电路Si CMOS衬底中。
图6A-6C是示出根据本申请的各种示例的晶片管芯图案601-603的简化图。图6A示出了具有示例管芯图案的晶片601,其中每个单独的管芯(例如,管芯1010)的尺寸/面积可以从诸如小于1mm×1mm的小尺寸变化到所使用的光刻系统的最大允许的更大尺寸。在每个管芯内,如果选择性区域异质外延用于硅上的CS材料生长,则可以利用各种电介质的图案。示例可以包括圆形图案(在图6B的管芯1002中示出)、矩形图案(在图6C的管芯603中示出)等。图案形状和尺寸选择与生长优化和图案填充因素一起有助于实现更高的材料质量。对于管芯603中所示的矩形条纹图案,可以包括由虚线圆圈表示的圆形光电检测器(例如,光电检测器1020)。这些图案表示如下区域:对于选择性区域异质外延,从该区域去除了电介质,以暴露电介质下方的Si表面。
在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下,可以利用其他图案,例如但不限于方形、椭圆形、梯形、不同大小的矩形、平行四边形和各种多边形。
图7是示出用于本申请的InGaAs材料和用于常规CMOS器件的Si材料的近似吸收光谱图700的绘图的简化图。此处,绘制了InGaAs(实线)和Si(虚线)在宽波长范围内吸收的数据汇编,以示出本技术的益处和优势。如图所示,InGaAs的吸收在所考虑的波长范围内更高,并且InGaAs的波长范围比Si的波长范围扩展到更长的波长。针对InGaAs所示的光谱适用于0.53的铟成分和0.47的镓成分。这种成分常常用作使其与InP晶格匹配。通过改变包含应变的InGaAs成分,可以将InGaAs的吸收波长范围进一步扩展到更长的波长。
图8是示出根据本申请的示例的光电检测器器件800的简化图。此处所示的器件可以组合在与前面讨论的那些类似的光电检测器器件中。此外,这些图中相同的附图标记指代相同的元件、区域、配置等。
在一个示例中,该器件包括大的硅衬底1310,如图8所示。硅衬底1310具有约四英寸至约十二英寸的直径。在一个示例中,清洁硅衬底的表面以去除任何本地氧化物材料。在一个示例中,该器件包括形成了多个V形凹槽1311,每个V形凹槽1311可以具有50到500纳米宽的特征尺寸。在一个示例中,每个V形凹槽暴露硅衬底的111晶面。
在一个示例中,该器件包括成核层1320,该成核层1320包括砷化镓材料以涂覆硅衬底1310的表面区域,如图8所示。成核层1320具有从10nm到100nm范围内的厚度,但可以是其他的厚度。
在一个示例中,该器件包括缓冲材料1330,该缓冲材料1330包括多个纳米线,多个纳米线被包括以上覆于多个凹槽中的各凹槽之上并且沿着各v形凹槽的长度延伸,如图8所示。缓冲材料1330包括从多个纳米线中的每一个延伸的第一过渡区域1331、以及第二过渡区域1332,该第二过渡区域1332的特征在于砷化镓化合物半导体(CS)材料的100晶面生长。
在一个示例中,缓冲材料还包括含砷化镓材料、和含磷化铟过渡区域(例如,InGaAs等)以及界面区域,该界面区域包括俘获层,该俘获层包括砷化铟镓和磷化铟,该界面区域上覆于所述含砷化镓材料和含磷化铟过渡区域上。在特定示例中,过渡区域可以在开始时更接近GaAs,并且可以随着朝向InP渐变区域而更接近InP。
虽然以上是对具体实施例的完整描述,但是可以使用各种修改、替代构造和等同物。作为示例,封装设备可以包括上述元件的任何组合,以及本说明书之外的元件。因此,以上描述和说明不应被视为限制由所附权利要求限定的本申请的范围。

Claims (15)

1.一种移动设备,其特征在于所述移动设备包括:
外壳,具有内部区域和外部区域,所述内部区域具有显示部分、感测部分以及检测部分;
激光器器件,在空间上设置在所述外壳的感测部分上,以包括被配置在所述外壳的感测部分上的孔;以及
用于光电检测器器件的电路,所述电路包括:
第一端子;
第二端子;
硅衬底,包括表面区域;
多个v形凹槽,所述v形凹槽中的每一个暴露所述硅衬底的晶面;
成核层,包括砷化镓材料以涂覆所述硅衬底的表面区域;
缓冲材料,包括多个纳米线、第一过渡区域和第二过渡区域,所述多个纳米线上覆于所述多个v形凹槽中的各v形凹槽上并沿着各v形凹槽的长度延伸,所述第一过渡区域从所述多个纳米线中的各纳米线延伸,并且所述第二过渡区域的特征在于砷化镓化合物半导体材料的晶面生长;
光电检测器的阵列,所述阵列的特征在于N×M个像素元素,所述光电检测器中的每一个包括:
n型材料,包括上覆于所述缓冲材料上的InP材料,所述InP材料包括硅杂质;
吸收材料,上覆于所述n型材料上,所述吸收材料包括含InGaAs材料,所述吸收材料不含杂质;
p型材料,上覆于所述吸收材料上,所述p型材料包括锌杂质或铍杂质;
第一电极,耦合到所述n型材料并耦合到所述第一端子;
第二电极,耦合到所述p型材料并耦合到所述第二端子以限定双端子器件;
照明区域,其特征在于孔区域,以允许多个光子与所述化合物半导体材料相互作用并被所述吸收材料的一部分吸收,以生成移动电荷载流子,所述移动电荷载流子在所述第一端子和所述第二端子之间产生电流。
2.根据权利要求1所述的移动设备,其中,所述缓冲材料还包括含砷化镓材料、含磷化铟过渡区域以及界面区域,所述界面区域包括俘获层,所述俘获层包括砷化铟镓和磷化铟,该界面区域上覆于所述含砷化镓材料和含磷化铟过渡区域上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的移动设备,还包括耦合在所述外壳的内部区域内的分类器模块。
4.根据权利要求1所述的移动设备,其中,所述照明区域不含所述硅衬底的任何部分。
5.根据权利要求1所述的移动设备,其中,所述激光器器件包括耦合到反射镜器件的激光器器件或VCSEL阵列器件。
6.根据权利要求1所述的移动设备,还包括上覆于所述照明区域上的滤色器和上覆于所述滤色器上的透镜。
7.根据权利要求1所述的移动设备,其中,所述化合物半导体材料包括InP、InGaAs、GaAs、GaP、InGaAsP、InAlGaAs、InGaP。
8.根据权利要求1所述的移动设备,其中,每个光电检测器器件包括:具有InGaAs或InGaAsP的单独吸收材料,以及具有InP的倍增材料。
9.根据权利要求1所述的移动设备,其中,所述吸收材料包括含有InAs量子点或量子短线的材料。
10.根据权利要求1所述的移动设备,还包括:
读出集成电路,包括:
第一输入端,耦合到所述第一端子;
第二输入端,耦合到所述第二端子;和
像素输出端;以及
模拟前端电路,耦合到所述第一输入端和所述第二输入端。
11.一种移动设备,其特征在于所述移动设备包括:
外壳,具有外部区域和内部区域,所述内部区域具有显示部分、感测部分以及检测部分;
激光器器件,在空间上设置在所述外壳的感测部分上,以包括被配置在所述外壳的感测部分上的孔;以及
光电检测器阵列电路,具有第一端子、第二端子和位于硅衬底上的多个光电检测器,所述光电检测器中的每一个包括:
成核层,包括砷化镓材料以涂覆所述硅衬底的表面区域;
n型材料化合物半导体材料;
化合物半导体吸收材料,上覆于所述n型材料化合物半导体材料上;
p型化合物半导体材料,上覆于所述吸收材料上;
第一电极,耦合到所述n型材料化合物半导体材料并耦合到所述第一端子;以及
第二电极,耦合到所述p型化合物半导体材料并耦合到所述第二端子;
其中,所述光电检测器阵列电路包括照明区域,所述照明区域被配置在所述多个光电检测器的n型化合物半导体材料之下。
12.根据权利要求11所述的移动设备,还包括耦合在所述外壳的内部区域内的分类器模块;并且
其中,所述激光器器件包括耦合到反射镜器件的激光器器件或VCSEL阵列器件。
13.根据权利要求11所述的移动设备,其中,所述照明区域不含所述硅衬底的任何部分;并且
所述设备还包括上覆于所述照明区域上的滤色器和上覆于所述滤色器上的透镜。
14.根据权利要求11所述的移动设备,其中,所述化合物半导体材料包括InP、InGaAs、GaAs、GaP、InGaAsP、InAlGaAs、InGaP;并且
其中,所述吸收材料包括含有InAs量子点或量子短线的材料。
15.根据权利要求11所述的移动设备,还包括:
读出集成电路,包括:
第一输入端,耦合到所述第一端子;
第二输入端,耦合到所述第二端子;和
像素输出端;以及
模拟前端电路,耦合到所述第一输入端和所述第二输入端。
CN202221563654.1U 2021-06-23 2022-06-22 具有光电检测器器件的移动设备 Active CN219625707U (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17/356,267 US20220413101A1 (en) 2021-06-23 2021-06-23 Lidar sensor for mobile device
US17/356,267 2021-06-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN219625707U true CN219625707U (zh) 2023-09-01

Family

ID=82932841

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202221563654.1U Active CN219625707U (zh) 2021-06-23 2022-06-22 具有光电检测器器件的移动设备

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20220413101A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3238882U (zh)
CN (1) CN219625707U (zh)
DE (1) DE202022103497U1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230010538A1 (en) * 2021-06-23 2023-01-12 Aeluma, Inc. Photodetector module comprising emitter and receiver
US11858581B2 (en) * 2021-11-23 2024-01-02 Shimano Inc. Detecting system
CN115295683B (zh) * 2022-10-08 2022-12-13 北京英孚瑞半导体科技有限公司 一种单载流子输运的平衡探测器及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3518585A (en) * 1966-12-30 1970-06-30 Texas Instruments Inc Voltage controlled a.c. signal attenuator
US3916351A (en) * 1974-08-06 1975-10-28 Us Army Electronic frequency selector
US10468543B2 (en) * 2013-05-22 2019-11-05 W&Wsens Devices, Inc. Microstructure enhanced absorption photosensitive devices
CN105556680B (zh) * 2013-05-22 2017-12-22 王士原 微结构增强型吸收光敏装置
GB201620826D0 (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-01-18 Ucl Business Plc Semiconductor device and fabrication method
WO2018146138A1 (en) * 2017-02-08 2018-08-16 Trinamix Gmbh Detector for an optical detection of at least one object
KR20190143382A (ko) * 2018-06-20 2019-12-30 삼성전자주식회사 전자소자 및 그의 제조 방법
JP7347005B2 (ja) * 2019-08-28 2023-09-20 住友電気工業株式会社 受光素子
WO2021149500A1 (ja) * 2020-01-20 2021-07-29 ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 光電変換装置の製造方法、及び光電変換装置
US20220399395A1 (en) * 2021-06-11 2022-12-15 Visera Technologies Company Limited Image sensor structure and manufacturing method thereof
US20220413156A1 (en) * 2021-06-23 2022-12-29 Aeluma, Inc. Lidar sensor for vehicle apparatus
US11527562B1 (en) * 2021-06-23 2022-12-13 Aeluma, Inc. Photodetector module comprising emitter and receiver
US11881498B2 (en) * 2021-06-23 2024-01-23 Aeluma, Inc. Photodetector circuit comprising a compound semiconductor device on silicon
US20230010538A1 (en) * 2021-06-23 2023-01-12 Aeluma, Inc. Photodetector module comprising emitter and receiver
US20220415934A1 (en) * 2021-06-23 2022-12-29 Aeluma, Inc. Lidar sensor for vehicle apparatus
US20220415950A1 (en) * 2021-06-23 2022-12-29 Aeluma, Inc. Lidar sensor for mobile device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20220413101A1 (en) 2022-12-29
DE202022103497U1 (de) 2022-10-07
JP3238882U (ja) 2022-08-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN219625707U (zh) 具有光电检测器器件的移动设备
US20220415934A1 (en) Lidar sensor for vehicle apparatus
US11881490B2 (en) Photodetector module comprising emitter and receiver
US11122227B2 (en) Image sensor, image capturing system, and production method of image sensor
US20220415950A1 (en) Lidar sensor for mobile device
EP3882981A1 (en) Photodetector, preparation method for photodetector, photodetector array, and photodetection terminal
Martin et al. 640x512 InGaAs focal plane array camera for visible and SWIR imaging
US20240162270A1 (en) Photodetector circuit comprising a compound semiconductor device on silicon
US20220413156A1 (en) Lidar sensor for vehicle apparatus
US20230010538A1 (en) Photodetector module comprising emitter and receiver
JPH04111478A (ja) 受光素子
Dries et al. A 32x32 pixel FLASH laser radar system incorporating InGaAs PIN and APD detectors
CN215678767U (zh) 长波长单光子雪崩二极管距离传感器
Martin et al. 320x240 pixel InGaAs/InP focal plane array for short-wave infrared and visible light imaging
Rutz et al. Low-light-level SWIR photodetectors based on the InGaAs material system
WO2018147141A1 (ja) 撮像装置及び撮像システム
CN111697100A (zh) 单芯片收发光电组件和模块、光电系统及电子设备
KR102393225B1 (ko) 제어 회로 웨이퍼와 결합된 일체형 수발광 소자 및 제조 방법
EP4170733A1 (en) Photodiode and electronic device including the same
JPH1117211A (ja) 半導体面型受光素子及び装置
Pham Si-based Germanium Tin Photodetectors for Short-Wave and Mid-Wave Infrared Detections
Tauke-Pedretti Compound semiconductor integrated photonics for avionics
CN114975649A (zh) 用于环境感知的硅衬底氮化镓光子集成芯片及其制造方法
CN114556533A (zh) 二极管及其制备方法、接收芯片、测距装置、可移动平台
Becker A review of advances in EO/IR focal plane array technology for space system applications

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant