CN218298041U - Biofouling evaluation experimental apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the biological stained research, concretely relates to biological stained evaluation experimental apparatus. The utility model discloses a biofouling evaluation experimental apparatus includes circulating filtration system, illumination system, biological culture system, adheres to test evaluation system, can assess the biological condition of adhering to and the anti-biological stained ability of the material model of placing in the culture apparatus on line in real time. The utility model provides a can carry out the cultivation of aquatic organisms in waters such as ocean and fresh water to and the experimental apparatus who assesses to the anti biological dirty ability of material under the different water environment, it is difficult to reflect the defect of the biological dirty condition under the natural environment to have remedied current experimental apparatus, the difficult problem of the anti biological dirty ability assessment of different material surfaces in sea water and the fresh water has been solved, can cultivate multiple different types of aquatic organisms simultaneously, and can realize carrying out antifouling performance evaluation to the material on line in real time.

Description

Biofouling evaluation experimental apparatus

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the biological stained research, concretely relates to biological stained evaluation experimental apparatus.

Background

Biofouling refers to the accumulation of living organisms on submerged surfaces, is most common in seawater environments, such as large-area attachment of marine organisms such as seaweed and mussels to the bottoms of ships, and also relates to attachment pollution of equipment probes such as water quality monitoring (such as dissolved oxygen monitoring, pH value monitoring, temperature monitoring) by fresh water algae such as short-staple algae and gossypium hirsutum. The biological fouling has great harm to ocean and fresh water equipment, the ship speed of ocean ships can be directly reduced, the fuel consumption is accelerated, the corrosion of ship bottom metal can also be directly accelerated by attached substances secreted by organisms, the service safety of the ships is threatened, the measured data can be directly distorted due to the biological fouling of measuring equipment in fresh water culture, the decision of culture personnel and the delivery of nutrient substances are influenced, and a large amount of manpower and financial resources are consumed to remove dirt on a sensor every year.

The biofouling prevention is a 'world-level' problem focused by experts and scholars at home and abroad, and the development of the evaluation of biofouling is very important due to the diversity and complexity of biological species. The evaluation of biofouling at home and abroad is mainly carried out by two methods: actual field testing and laboratory simulations. The actual field test can truly reflect the anti-biofouling effect of the developed material, but the test cost is high, the risk is high, the period is long, and more importantly, the effect on certain fouling organisms cannot be accurately determined, so that the development of the biofouling evaluation of the simulated environment in the laboratory is very important.

In a traditional laboratory biofouling simulation, indexes such as a hydrophobic angle and the like are adopted to indirectly reflect the antifouling capacity of a material, or a culture solution containing certain specific organisms (such as algae, bacteria and the like) is adopted to research the antifouling capacity of the material, so that a real biofouling environment is difficult to simulate, and the anti-adhesion capacity of a prepared material cannot be evaluated in real time.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a simple structure, convenient operation, running cost are low, can reflect the biological stained condition under the natural environment comparatively truthfully, realize the culture of full basin aquatic organism to realize the biological experimental apparatus at the attached quantity on different material surfaces and stained condition on-line evaluation, can be used to carry out the evaluation of different materials anti biological stained ability.

Specifically, the utility model discloses a biological stained evaluation experimental apparatus includes circulating filtration system, illumination system, biological culture system, adheres to test evaluation system.

The biological culture system comprises a water tank, an oxygen supply pump, a temperature controller and a thermometer, wherein the water tank is made of transparent materials such as ultra-white glass, and the side surface of the water tank can be provided with an overflow hole so as to conveniently replace water in the tank. Oxygen supply air pump, thermostat, thermometer set up inside the jar, through the temperature of the water temperature in the thermostat control system to the temperature that is most suitable aquatic organism to grow, through thermometer monitoring water temperature, provide oxygen for the biology in the biological culture system through small-size oxygen supply air pump.

The water tank is filled with a water sample of a water body to be researched, which can be a fresh water sample or a seawater sample, and also contains an introduction substrate (attached with a substrate of aquatic organisms which can cause biological fouling, such as algae stone, stock solution and the like) and common aquatic organisms (referring to organisms which can survive in the water body environment to be researched and provide nutrient substances for an ecosystem), so that a simple ecosystem is formed, and long-time attachment test and observation can be carried out.

Preferably, the heating device of the temperature controller is a heating rod made of explosion-proof quartz glass, so that the heating safety can be improved.

The circulating filtration system comprises a water inlet pipe, a filter vat, a water pump and a water outlet pipe, wherein filter cotton or/and biochemical filter materials are arranged in the filter vat, physical or/and biochemical filtration can be carried out on water entering the filter vat, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are communicated with the inside of the filter vat and the water tank, the water pump is arranged at the water inlet pipe, the water pump pumps out water in the water tank during operation of the circulating filtration system, and the water is returned to the inside of the experimental system through the water outlet pipe after physical and biochemical filtration in the filter vat.

One construction of filter vat that may be employed is as follows: the biochemical filter material partition plate is arranged at the lower end in the filter barrel, the plurality of water inlet grids are arranged on the upper portion of the biochemical filter material partition plate in the filter barrel, the water inlet grids are mutually separated by grids, and filter cotton is arranged in the water inlet grids.

Set up discharge valve on the bung, discharge valve air inlet and the inside intercommunication of filter vat, the gas outlet intercommunication filter vat is outside.

The water inlet pipe one end intercommunication inlet tube, the other end accesss to biochemical filter media baffle bottom, and the water that the inlet pipe will get into the filter vat is introduced biochemical baffle bottom, and the water that gets into the filter vat is from supreme filtration through the filter pulp on biochemical filter media baffle and a plurality of water grids down, gets back to in the jar via the outlet pipe of top intercommunication.

When the filter vat is used, the water inlet pipe is firstly inserted into water, the exhaust valve on the vat cover is opened, the filter vat is vacuumized through the exhaust valve by means of modes such as an air pump and the like, water enters the filter vat and fills the filter vat through the siphon principle, and then the water pump is opened, so that circulating filtration can be started.

The filter barrel can simultaneously realize biochemical filtration of biochemical filter materials and physical filtration of filter cotton, realizes multiple purposes of one barrel, does not damage the integral structure of the water tank, can be integrally arranged outside the water tank, and is flexible in configuration. The mode that can also adopt many barrels to establish ties, the outlet pipe of last filter vat communicates the inlet tube of next filter vat promptly, inside last filter vat outlet pipe intercommunication jar, can infinitely increase filtration space in theory, filtration efficiency is high, low cost.

The filter vat can be internally provided with a waterproof ultraviolet lamp which can be opened as required for eliminating part of plankton in water, and the outer wall of the filter vat is processed in a light-shading way by adopting a light-shading material, so that the periphery is not affected after the filter vat is opened.

The adhesion test evaluation system comprises a bracket, a slide rail and a high-speed camera. The bracket is arranged above or in the water tank and used for fixing a sample, and the sample can be suspended and fixed on the bracket by a thread or a plastic clamp and placed in water. The slide rail is arranged near the outside of the water tank, and the high-speed camera is arranged on the slide rail and can slide through the slide rail. Specifically, the slide rail may be a screw slider type slide rail mechanism provided on a tripod to facilitate movement and rotation of the high-speed camera.

The illumination system is a full-spectrum LED lamp with adjustable brightness, is arranged above or around the water tank, and can adapt to illumination requirements of growth of different aquatic organisms or simulate illumination of actual sunrise and sunset through adjustment of wavelength and brightness.

The utility model discloses an experimental apparatus specifically uses in the aspect of the cultivation to common easy attached aquatic organism and carry out the evaluation that the material prevented the biofouling performance, and the method that adopts above-mentioned experimental apparatus to experiment includes following step:

s1: collecting water sample and seeding matrix (such as algae stone) attached with aquatic organisms according to the water body environment to be researched, putting the seeding matrix into a water tank, and simultaneously injecting the water sample into the tank; if the overflow hole is arranged, the water level line is required to be kept lower than the overflow port so as to prevent the water sample from flowing out.

S2: and (3) opening a circulating filtration system, starting a temperature controller and an oxygen supply air pump, and putting a plurality of common aquatic organisms into the water tank after the environment (including water flow rate, temperature, oxygen content and the like) of the water sample in the water tank is stable. Common aquatic organisms are organisms that survive in the aqueous environment under study and provide nutrients to the ecosystem. For example, if a freshwater body is to be studied, the common aquatic organisms can be grass goldfish, about 1 to 10 pieces of grass goldfish are put in the grass goldfish, and the length of each piece of grass goldfish can be about 3 to 5 cm.

Preferably, the temperature controller controls the environment temperature in the water tank to be 0-35 ℃, and covers most of the water body temperature. In winter, the heating mode can be started to prevent organisms from dying due to low temperature; the cooling mode can be started in summer to prevent the death of organisms due to overhigh temperature. Meanwhile, the user can set the temperature controller to be at the designated temperature, so that the temperature in the cylinder is kept constant, and the temperature is not influenced by the temperature difference of the external environment.

S3: the wavelength and the brightness of an illumination system are adjusted to provide illumination for the growth of aquatic organisms, the water tank is placed under the illumination to culture the aquatic organisms, the excrement and the like of common aquatic organisms provide nutrition for an ecological system, and the culture of the aquatic organisms and the introduction of common microorganisms are completed through introduction matrixes such as algae and stones collected in a specific water body environment.

By adjusting the color temperature, the wave band, the illumination intensity, the illumination time and the like of the illumination system lamps, sunrise and sunset can be simulated, for example, 8/16h illumination/dark time is set, or the illumination which is most suitable for the growth of the required organisms can be adjusted to realize the effect of accelerating the cultivation.

S4: the material sample plate to be tested is hung in water through a bracket, the slide rail is adjusted to enable the sample plate to be positioned in a view-finding frame of a high-speed camera, a picture on the surface of the material sample plate is captured through the high-speed camera, and the microorganism adhesion condition on the surface of the material sample plate is observed.

S5: the biofouling prevention ability of the material sample was evaluated according to the biofouling condition such as the kind of biofouling on the surface of the material sample and the size of the area to be fouled. In addition, the growth condition of the microorganisms can be judged according to the biological condition attached to the wall of the water cylinder and the color of the water body.

The high-speed camera is applied to the field for the first time, the attachment process and the macroscopic attachment mechanism of the aquatic organisms can be observed through pictures shot by the high-speed camera, and the biological attachment condition and the anti-biological fouling capability of the material sample plate placed in the culture device are evaluated in real time on line by adopting a mode that the camera is matched with built-in software.

The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

the utility model provides a can carry out the cultivation of aquatic organisms in waters such as ocean and fresh water to and the experimental apparatus who assesses to the anti biological defilement ability of material under the different water environment, compensatied the defect that current experimental apparatus is difficult to reflect under the natural environment the biological defilement condition. The experimental device is simple in manufacturing method, low in price, convenient to operate, free of professional electric equipment, suitable for indoor simulation experiments, capable of solving the problem of evaluating the anti-biological fouling capacity of the surfaces of different materials in seawater and fresh water, capable of simultaneously culturing various aquatic organisms and capable of realizing online real-time anti-fouling performance evaluation of the materials.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a view showing an overall structure of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a filter vat according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein: 1-water tank, 2-oxygen supply air pump, 3-temperature controller, 4-bracket, 5-slide rail, 6-high speed camera, 7-sample plate, 8-tripod, 9-lamp, 10-water inlet pipe, 11-filter barrel, 12-water outlet pipe, 13-quick connection elbow, 14-biochemical filter material partition board, 15-water inlet grid, 16-grid, 17-water inlet conduit, 18-exhaust valve, 19-seed guiding matrix and 20-goldfish.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples. The materials and equipment used in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional in the art, unless otherwise specified.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the present embodiment provides an experimental apparatus for simultaneously completing the culture of common aquatic organisms and the capture and recording of the attachment of organisms on the surfaces of different materials, thereby evaluating the anti-biofouling capability of the materials, which comprises a circulating filtration system, an illumination system, an organism culture system and an attachment test evaluation system.

The biological culture system comprises an ultra-white glass water tank 1, an oxygen supply air pump 2, a temperature controller 3 and a thermometer, wherein the water tank is a cuboid, the volume of the water tank is 65L, common plankton and periphyton can be cultured respectively, and the side surface of the water tank is provided with an overflow hole with the diameter of 2.5cm so as to conveniently replace water in the tank.

Oxygen supply air pump, thermostat, thermometer set up inside the jar, through the temperature of the water temperature in the thermostat control system to the temperature that is most suitable aquatic organism to grow, through thermometer (not drawn in the picture) monitoring water temperature, provide oxygen for the biology in the biological culture system through small-size oxygen supply air pump.

The outer wall of the temperature controller and the heating rod are made of high-strength explosion-proof quartz glass, the inner part of the temperature controller is made of a nickel-chromium alloy resistance wire and an R22 refrigerant, and an HIC constant temperature chip is arranged in the temperature controller and can accurately control the temperature of the water body.

The adhesion test evaluation system comprises a bracket 4, a slide rail 5 and a high-speed camera 6. In this embodiment, the bracket is two corrosion resistant plate that block in jar top both sides, and the centre is connected fixedly through the metal wire. The material sample plate 7 of the experiment is two metal blocks made of different materials, and the material sample plate is suspended below the bracket through a plastic clamp and a fishing line and is immersed in the water tank.

The slide rail sets up near the jar is outside, and the slide rail is connected to high-speed camera bottom, the slide rail is the slide rail mechanism that electronic ball and slip table are constituteed, and the slip table can be according to required distance automatic movement of shooing, is provided with the buckle on the slip table, during high-speed camera was fixed in the buckle on the slip table, buckle and high-speed camera had three degree of freedom on the slip table, can the rotation in arbitrary position. The lower part of the sliding rail is supported and stabilized by a tripod 8. The high-speed camera can be easily moved through the sliding rail, and the moving distance can be accurately controlled.

The illumination system is a group of full-spectrum LED lamps 9, and can provide 28 kinds of light with different wavelengths and 0-100% brightness to adapt to illumination requirements of different aquatic organisms for growth. The built-in controller of lamps and lanterns can realize fresh water, biological full coverage formula cultivation of sea water through functions such as cell-phone APP control its illumination intensity, illumination spectrum wave band and time switch, can provide different illumination for different living beings, perhaps the sunrise sunset under indoor simulation true environment.

The circulating filtration system comprises a water inlet pipe 10, a filter barrel 11, a water pump and a water outlet pipe 12, wherein the filter barrel is a cylinder with a cover and a radius of 15cm and a height of 40cm, the top of the filter barrel is provided with a water outlet with a diameter of 2cm, the water outlet is communicated with the water outlet pipe through a quick-connection elbow 13, the bottom of the filter barrel is provided with a water inlet with a diameter of 2cm, and the installation positions of the water inlet and the water outlet are staggered. The water pump is not shown in the figures, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the water pump may be placed on the water inlet pipe to allow water in the water tank to be drawn into the water inlet pipe and flow back to the water tank through the filter drum and the water outlet pipe to allow circulating filtration.

The perspective structure in the filtering barrel is shown in fig. 3, the biochemical filter material partition plate 14 is arranged at the lower end in the filtering barrel, a plurality of water inlet grids 15 are arranged on the biochemical filter material partition plate, the water inlet grids are separated by grids 16, and filter cotton is arranged in the water inlet grids. One end of the water inlet conduit 17 is communicated with the water inlet pipe, and the other end of the water inlet conduit enters the bottom of the filter barrel through the water inlet and leads to the bottom of the biochemical filter material partition plate. The water inlet guide pipe leads the water entering the filter barrel into the bottom of the biochemical partition plate, and the water entering the filter barrel is filtered by the biochemical filter material partition plate and the filter cotton on the plurality of water inlet grids from bottom to top and then returns to the water tank through the water outlet pipe.

When the filter vat and the circulating system are applied, the water inlet pipe is firstly inserted into water, the exhaust valve 18 on the vat cover is opened, the filter vat is vacuumized through the exhaust valve by means of air pumps and the like, water enters the filter vat and fills the filter vat through the siphon principle, and then the water pump is opened, so that circulating filtration can be started.

The operation steps of the experimental device are as follows:

s1, firstly, collecting a water sample and stones with periphyton as a seeding matrix 19, putting the stones into a water tank, and injecting the water sample.

In this embodiment, the seeding matrix is a stone to be tested to be attached to the water area to be tested, and those skilled in the art can also adopt other seeding matrices from the testing coast or river bank, such as algae stone, stock solution, etc., and the species of the seeding matrix is not limited to the utility model.

And S2, opening the circulating filtration system, starting the temperature controller and the oxygen supply air pump, and after the circulating filtration system runs for 3-4 hours and the environment of the water sample in the water tank is stable, adding common aquatic organisms, namely the 3-5cm grass goldfish 20 (the grass goldfish cannot be too small to be sucked by the filtration system) into the water.

And S3, setting parameters such as switching time, illumination intensity and illumination wave band of the full-spectrum LED lamp according to experimental simulation requirements, providing illumination for growth of aquatic organisms, and placing the water tank under the illumination to culture the aquatic organisms.

S4, the material sample plate of the experiment is two metal blocks made of different materials, and the sample plate is suspended below the bracket through a fishing line and is immersed in water. And adjusting the slide rail to enable the sample to be positioned in a view-finding frame of the high-speed camera, and observing the adhesion condition of the microorganisms on the surface of the flitch through the picture captured by the high-speed camera.

And S5, evaluating the biofouling prevention capability of the sample plate according to the biofouling condition on the surface of the sample plate. In addition, the growth condition of the microorganisms can be judged according to the biological condition attached to the wall of the water tank and the color of the water body.

The utility model discloses compare with other anti-adhesion test experimental apparatus and methods, the wave band and the water environment state simulation of different light are adjusted to the accessible, restore different waters, like the original rivers of ocean and river, temperature and illumination decay environment, make the data of obtaining more accurate, and can accomplish the cultivation of common plankton and living creature simultaneously, simulate the biofouling condition under the natural environment better.

Claims (7)

1. A biofouling evaluation experimental apparatus is characterized by comprising a circulating filtration system, an illumination system, a biological culture system and an adhesion test evaluation system;

the biological culture system comprises a water tank, an oxygen supply air pump, a temperature controller and a thermometer, wherein the oxygen supply air pump, the temperature controller and the thermometer are arranged in the water tank; the inside of the water vat is filled with a fresh water or seawater sample;

the circulating filtration system comprises a water inlet pipe, a filter barrel, a water pump and a water outlet pipe, wherein filter cotton or/and biochemical filter materials are arranged in the filter barrel, so that physical or/and biochemical filtration of water entering the filter barrel can be realized, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are communicated with the interior of the filter barrel and the interior of a water tank, and the water pump is arranged at the water inlet pipe;

the adhesion test evaluation system comprises a bracket, a slide rail and a high-speed camera, wherein the bracket is arranged above or in the water vat and used for fixing a sample; the sliding rail is arranged near the outer part of the water tank, and the high-speed camera is arranged on the sliding rail and can slide through the sliding rail;

the illumination system is a full-spectrum LED lamp with adjustable brightness and is arranged above the water tank or around the water tank.

2. The biofouling evaluation test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the water tank comprises an introduction substrate and a common aquatic organism.

3. The biofouling evaluation experimental apparatus of claim 1, wherein the filter vat comprises a water inlet conduit, a biochemical filter material partition plate, a plurality of water inlet cells, a vat cover, and an exhaust valve, the biochemical filter material partition plate is disposed at the lower end of the filter vat, one end of the water inlet conduit is communicated with a water inlet pipe, and the other end of the water inlet conduit is communicated with the bottom of the biochemical filter material partition plate;

the water inlet grids are arranged above the biochemical filter material partition plate in the filter barrel, the water inlet grids are separated by grids, and filter cotton is arranged in the water inlet grids;

set up discharge valve on the bung, discharge valve air inlet and the inside intercommunication of filter vat, the gas outlet intercommunication filter vat is outside.

4. The biofouling evaluation test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the heating device of the temperature controller is a heating rod made of explosion-proof quartz glass.

5. The biofouling evaluation test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the slide is a screw-slide type slide mechanism mounted on a tripod.

6. The biofouling evaluation test apparatus of claim 1, wherein a waterproof ultraviolet lamp is arranged in the filter drum, and a light-shielding material is used on the outer wall of the filter drum.

7. The experimental device for biofouling evaluation according to claim 1, wherein the slide rail is a slide rail mechanism composed of an electric ball screw and a slide table, the slide table can automatically move according to a required photographing distance, a buckle is arranged on the slide table, and the high-speed camera is fixed in the buckle on the slide table.

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