CN218075189U

CN218075189U - Rewarming system for cryoablation

Info

Publication number: CN218075189U
Application number: CN202123439853.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐宏; 胡艳艳; 王晓钫; 许金苗; 项腾
Original assignee: Hangzhou Kunbo Biotechnology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Kunbo Biotechnology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-30
Filing date: 2021-12-29
Publication date: 2022-12-20
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-29
Also published as: CN114719183A; CN114526444A; CN218420016U; CN114504372A; CN114526441A; CN114521953A; CN114636102A; CN114526444B; CN114636102B; CN114376711A; CN218494750U; CN114711944A; CN114526441B; CN114699160A; CN217503347U; CN217960278U

Abstract

The application provides a rewarming system for cryoablation, which comprises a second pressure container and a sixth pipeline, wherein the sixth pipeline is used for communicating the second pressure container with cryoablation equipment; the sixth pipeline comprises a replacement and rewarming pipe, a replacement and rewarming electromagnetic valve, a replacement and rewarming heat exchanger and a replacement and rewarming one-way valve, wherein one end of the replacement and rewarming pipe is communicated with the second pressure container, the other end of the replacement and rewarming pipe is communicated with the cryoablation equipment, and the replacement and rewarming one-way valve can convey the gaseous working medium in the second pressure container to the cryoablation equipment; the replacement and rewarming electromagnetic valve is arranged on the replacement and rewarming pipe and controls the on-off of the replacement and rewarming pipe; the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger is used for heating the gas working medium in the replacement and rewarming pipe; the replacement and rewarming one-way valve is arranged on the replacement and rewarming pipe to limit backflow. Improve the rewarming efficiency during cryoablation.

Description

Rewarming system for cryoablation

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a rewarming system for cryoablation.

Background

In the course of combating cancer, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical treatment have become three common approaches to the treatment of malignant tumors, and tumor immunotherapy is also under intense research. Minimally invasive treatment of tumors is an important supplement to surgical treatment, and physical ablation is increasingly applied to various treatment means of tumors, including microwave, freezing, laser, radio frequency, high-power focused ultrasound and the like, so as to necrose cancer tissues.

In the early 20 th century, the rapid development of industry and science and technology, and the refrigeration substances such as concentrated oxygen, liquid oxygen, concentrated nitrogen, liquid nitrogen, dry ice and the like are successfully prepared in the progress of the industrial science and technology, so that the step of commercial development is accelerated, a new place of medical refrigeration is opened up, and the application of the low-temperature technology in medical treatment is promoted. Various refrigeration technologies have been developed in response to the continuous progress of low-temperature science, and gas throttling technologies, phase-change cooling, vapor pressure absorption refrigeration, thermoelectric refrigeration and the like are main refrigeration schemes used in modern medicine.

Existing cryoablation systems have low rewarming efficiency and need further improvement.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The application discloses rewarming system for cryoablation can improve rewarming efficiency in the cryoablation process.

The rewarming system for cryoablation comprises a second pressure container and a sixth pipeline, wherein the sixth pipeline is used for communicating the second pressure container with cryoablation equipment; the sixth duct includes:

one end of the replacement and rewarming pipe is communicated with the second pressure container, the other end of the replacement and rewarming pipe is communicated with the cryoablation equipment, and the replacement and rewarming pipe can convey the gaseous working medium in the second pressure container to the cryoablation equipment;

the replacement and rewarming electromagnetic valve is arranged on the replacement and rewarming pipe and controls the on-off of the replacement and rewarming pipe;

the displacement and rewarming heat exchanger is used for heating the gas working medium in the displacement and rewarming pipe;

and the replacement and rewarming one-way valve is arranged on the replacement and rewarming pipe to limit backflow.

Several alternatives are provided below, but not as an additional limitation to the above general solution, but merely as a further addition or preference, each alternative may be combined individually for the above general solution or between several alternatives without technical or logical contradictions.

Optionally, a rewarming temperature sensor is disposed on a downstream side of the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger, and the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger is correspondingly controlled.

Optionally, the second pressure vessel is configured with a second pressure transmitter and a gaseous working medium pressure relief valve, and the second pressure transmitter is configured to monitor the pressure in the second pressure vessel and correspondingly control the gaseous working medium pressure relief valve.

Optionally, a heating element is provided in the cryoablation apparatus.

Optionally, the rewarming system further comprises a seventh pipeline and an eighth pipeline which are communicated with each other, one end of the seventh pipeline is connected to the outlet of the cryoablation apparatus, and one end of the eighth pipeline is communicated to the second pressure container.

Optionally, the seventh pipe includes:

one end of the return air recovery pipe is connected to the outlet of the cryoablation device, and the other end of the return air recovery pipe is communicated with the eighth pipeline;

and the seventh pipeline check valve is arranged on the air return recovery pipe to limit reverse flow.

Optionally, the eighth conduit includes:

one end of the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe is communicated with the return air recovery pipe, and the other end of the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe is communicated with the second pressure container;

the system flow monitoring and recovery condition pumping booster pump is arranged on the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe;

and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition one-way valve is arranged in the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe to limit reverse flow.

Optionally, the eighth pipeline further includes:

a system flow rate monitoring and recovery condition control heat exchanger located at the upstream side of the system flow rate monitoring and recovery condition extraction booster pump and thermally coupled to the system flow rate monitoring and recovery condition control pipe;

and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control temperature sensor is used for acquiring the temperature of fluid in the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe and correspondingly controlling the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control heat exchanger.

Optionally, a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flowmeter is configured on the upstream side of the system flow monitoring and recovery condition extraction booster pump.

Optionally, a gas working medium recovery release valve is configured on the upstream side of the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flowmeter, and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control temperature sensor correspondingly controls the opening and closing of the gas working medium recovery release valve.

The utility model provides a second pressure vessel can stabilize output gaseous working medium among rewarming system for cryoablation, carries to the cryoablation equipment after further heating, has improved rewarming efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cryoablation system according to the present application (some of which are schematic views of a rewarming system);

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a liquid cryogen tube-in-tube configuration;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a liquid refrigerant tube gas-liquid separation device;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a liquid cryogen delivery valve;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a liquid cryogen vessel configuration;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a phase change pressure vessel;

FIGS. 7A and 7B are schematic structural views of two embodiments of a liquid working medium one-way circulation device;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a liquid working medium one-way circulation device;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a computer device;

fig. 10 to fig. 15 are method flowcharts, and the connection relationship between the drawings can refer to the corresponding marks of the boundary parts.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the present application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

Referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a rewarming system for cryoablation, comprising a gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) and a replacement and rewarming conduit (L6), the replacement and rewarming conduit (L6) being used for communicating the gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) with cryoablation equipment; the replacement and rewarming line (L6) comprises:

one end of the displacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1) is communicated with the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2), and the other end of the displacement and rewarming pipe is communicated with the cryoablation equipment and can convey the gaseous working medium in the gaseous working medium pressure container to the cryoablation equipment (CP);

the replacement and rewarming electromagnetic valve (L6-2) is arranged on the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1) and controls the on-off of the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1);

the displacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3) is used for heating the gas working medium in the displacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1);

and the replacement and rewarming one-way valve (L6-5) is arranged on the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1) to limit backflow.

Wherein, the downstream side of the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger is provided with a rewarming temperature sensor (L6-4) which correspondingly controls the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3).

In the embodiment, the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3) of the replacement and rewarming pipeline (L6) can heat the fluid working medium passing through the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1), and the rewarming temperature sensor (L6-4) monitors whether the fluid working medium in the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1) reaches the threshold temperature; opening and closing a displacement and rewarming electromagnetic valve (L6-2) to control the fluid working medium in the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) to enter a displacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1); a replacement and rewarming one-way valve (L6-5) prevents reflux of fluid into the cryoablation apparatus (CP). The replacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3) heats the fluid working medium entering the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1) to the rewarming temperature in the rewarming process of the cryoablation procedure; the rewarming temperature is more than a rewarming lower-limit threshold and less than a rewarming upper-limit threshold; the temperature detected by the rewarming temperature sensor (L6-4) in the rewarming process of the cryoablation procedure participates in closed-loop control, and the heating power of the rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3) is adjusted to enable the detected rewarming temperature to meet the following requirements: the lower rewarming threshold value is less than the rewarming temperature and less than the upper rewarming threshold value; in the replacement process of the cryoablation procedure, the rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3) does not work, and the process does not heat the fluid working medium entering the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1). Meanwhile, the far end of the cryoablation device CP (flexible cryoprobe) is provided with a heating part (heatable nickel-chromium wire) for matching with the rewarming process in the cryoablation procedure.

The gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is internally provided with a pressure sensor C2-1, the cryoablation device CP is internally provided with a temperature sensor, the output quantity of the rewarming nitrogen gas during rewarming is calculated based on the pressure detected by the pressure sensor, the heat output of rewarming is calculated by combining the nitrogen gas temperature measured and calculated by the temperature sensor, and then the heating efficiency of the nickel-chromium wire is controlled according to the heat output efficiency obtained by real-time calculation, so that the heat output during rewarming is constant. This embodiment adopts the mode that temperature-returning nitrogen gas and nichrome wire heating combine, through the detection to temperature and pressure in the equipment, adjusts the unstable phenomenon of temperature-returning of nichrome wire heating to the temperature-returning gas and compensates. Realize stable and efficient temperature return, reduce operation time and improve operation effect.

The rewarming system further comprises an air return recovery pipeline (L7) and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8), wherein the air return recovery pipeline (L7) and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8) are communicated with each other, one end of the air return recovery pipeline (L7) is connected to an outlet of the cryoablation equipment, and one end of the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8) is communicated to the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2).

The air return recovery pipeline (L7) comprises an air return recovery pipe (L7-1), one end of the air return recovery pipe (L7-1) is connected to an outlet of the cryoablation equipment, and the other end of the air return recovery pipe is communicated with a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8); the return air recovery pipe (L7-1) is provided with a one-way valve (L7-2) for limiting reverse flow.

The system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8) comprises a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe (L8-1), one end of the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe (L8-1) is communicated with a gas return recovery pipe (L7-1), the other end of the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe is communicated with a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2), and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition extraction booster pump (L8-5) and a backflow limiting system flow monitoring and recovery condition check valve (L8-6) are further arranged on the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe.

The system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8) further comprises:

a system flow rate monitoring and recovery condition controlling heat exchanger (L8-2) which is located on the upstream side of the system flow rate monitoring and recovery condition pumping booster pump (L8-5) and is thermally coupled to the system flow rate monitoring and recovery condition controlling pipe (L8-1);

and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control temperature sensor (L8-3) is used for acquiring the fluid temperature in the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe (L8-1) and controlling the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control heat exchanger (L8-2) correspondingly.

With reference to fig. 1, the present application provides a working medium precooling system for cryoablation, which includes a first pressure vessel (i.e., a liquid working medium pressure vessel C1), a second pressure vessel (i.e., a gaseous working medium pressure vessel C2), a first pipeline (i.e., a liquid refrigerant output pipeline L1), and a second pipeline (i.e., a precooled fluid recovery pipeline L2). The first pressure container is used for storing liquid-phase refrigerant, the second pressure container is used for storing gas-phase refrigerant, and the second pipeline is connected between the first pressure container and the second pressure container; the first pipeline is connected between the first pressure container and the cryoablation device (CP) and used for conveying liquid-phase frozen working medium to the cryoablation device in the ablation process, the first pipeline is of an inner-outer double-layer structure, and during precooling, the liquid-phase cold working medium sequentially flows through an inner layer (namely, the inflow channel L1-1-3) of the first pipeline, an outer layer (namely, the backflow channel L1-1-2) of the first pipeline and the second pipeline from the first pressure container until reaching the second pressure container. Therefore, one end of the second pipeline is connected to the outer layer of the first pipeline, so that the working medium can be cooled to the inner layer of the whole first pipeline and then flows to the second pressure container to be recovered. The cooling mode of the precooling system is that the inner layer, the outer layer and the like passing through are cooled by depending on the liquid freezing working medium, and precooling can be stopped until the temperature of at least the inner layer meets the preset condition z. When the cryoablation is carried out, the corresponding working medium is output from the inner layer and enters the cryoablation equipment, the temperature difference between the temperature of the inner layer and the working medium is reduced or is 0 compared with the existing cryoablation technology, the gasification amount of the liquid-state freezing working medium is greatly reduced, the air blockage phenomenon is eliminated, and the stability and the safety of the operation are improved. And the working medium on the outer layer can form an isolation layer to block the heat exchange between the working medium on the inner layer and the air outside the first pipeline, so that the time of the cryoablation operation is prolonged.

It should be noted that it is not important that the working medium undergoes a state change after or before entering the second pressure vessel, and the key point is a flow path of the working medium, for example, the working medium in the precooling process can be recovered to the second pressure vessel for storage, which is economical and environment-friendly.

Wherein one end of the first conduit adjacent to the first pressure vessel is a first end and one end adjacent to the cryoablation apparatus is a second end; the inner layer of the first pipeline is communicated with the first pressure container at the first end and is communicated with the cryoablation device at the second end, and the outer layer of the first pipeline is communicated with the second pipeline at the first end and is communicated with the inner layer of the first pipeline at the second end. The isolation layer covers the whole inner layer, and the gasification amount of the working medium is further reduced.

In one embodiment, the first pipeline is provided with a first output valve (namely, a liquid refrigerant output valve L1-2), the first output valve is provided with an output channel (L1-2-1) communicated with the inner layer and a return channel (L1-2-2) communicated with the outer layer, and the opening and closing of the first output valve controls the opening and closing of the output channel and the return channel. Wherein the liquid refrigerant output valve (L1-2) comprises two pairs of input-output channels, a first input-output channel (corresponding to the output channel L1-2-1) and a second input-output channel (corresponding to the return channel L1-2-2); the first input-output channel is communicated with the liquid refrigerant pipe inflow channel (L1-1-3); the second input-output channel is communicated with a liquid refrigerant pipe return channel (L1-1-2); a first input-output channel for supply of liquid cryogen; the second inlet-outlet passage is used for pre-cooling the valve body of the liquid refrigerant outlet valve (L1-2). When the liquid refrigerant output valve (L1-2) is in an open state, the fluid in the liquid refrigerant pipe inflow passage (L1-1-3) of the liquid refrigerant pipe (L1-1) dynamically flows into and flows out of the first input-output passage.

In this embodiment, a second electromagnetic valve (i.e., a precooling fluid recovery electromagnetic valve L2-2) for controlling on/off of the second pipeline is disposed on the second pipeline. In a precooling procedure in a cryoablation process, a precooling fluid recovery solenoid valve (L2-2) is in an open state, and backflow fluid in a liquid refrigerant tube backflow channel (L1-1-2) dynamically flows into and out of a second input-output channel; after the precooling program of the cryoablation process is finished, the precooled fluid recovery solenoid valve (L2-2) is in a closed state, the backflow fluid in the liquid refrigerant pipe backflow channel (L1-1-2) stops flowing, and the fluid in the second input-output channel stops flowing.

In one embodiment, the first pressure vessel is configured with a first liquid level sensor for acquiring a first current liquid level, and the first output valve is allowed to open when the first current liquid level meets a preset condition. Avoiding the occurrence of flow interruption during precooling or cryoablation.

In another embodiment, a first temperature sensor is disposed on the first pipe adjacent to the second end for acquiring a first current temperature of the inner layer, preferably the first current temperature is the temperature of the inner layer at the first end; and when the first current temperature meets the preset condition, the precooling is finished, and the first output valve and the second electromagnetic valve are closed.

In one embodiment, a safety relief valve (L1-3) is disposed on the outer layer of the first conduit. The liquid refrigerant pipe backflow channel (L1-1-2) is used for enabling backflow fluid in the liquid refrigerant pipe backflow channel (L1-1-2) to dynamically flow in a precooling procedure in a cryoablation process, and the backflow fluid in the liquid refrigerant pipe backflow channel (L1-1-2) stops flowing after the precooling procedure in the cryoablation process is finished; after the return fluid in the liquid cryogen tube return passage (L1-1-2) stops flowing, the fluid pressure in the layer should be limited to within the operating pressure range; the safety relief valve (L1-3) prevents the pressure in the liquid refrigerant pipe backflow channel (L1-1-2) from being too high, and when the pressure is higher than the threshold pressure of the liquid refrigerant pipe backflow channel, the safety relief valve (L1-3) is opened and releases the pressure; and when the pressure is lower than the threshold pressure of the liquid refrigerant pipe return channel, the safety relief valve (L1-3) is closed.

In another embodiment, during precooling, the liquid-phase cold working medium further enters the cryoablation apparatus from the second end of the inner layer of the first pipeline, the working medium precooling system further includes a seventh pipeline (i.e., the return gas recovery pipeline L7), and the liquid-phase frozen working medium sequentially flows through the inner layer of the first pipeline, the cryoablation apparatus, the seventh pipeline from the first pressure vessel to the second pressure vessel. The inner pipeline of the cryoablation equipment is also cooled, so that the phenomenon of air blockage in the cryoablation equipment is avoided. And the working medium in the precooling process can be recycled to the second pressure container.

In one embodiment, the second pressure vessel is connected to the first pressure vessel through a fourth pipeline (i.e., a cryoablation working pressure pressurization pipeline L4), and a controlled element is configured on the fourth pipeline, and the controlled element is correspondingly switched on and off under a condition meeting the expected condition, so that the pressures of the first pressure vessel and the second pressure vessel are mutually balanced. And when the expected condition is that the first current pressure in the first pressure container is lower than a preset value, the fourth pipeline is communicated, so that the gas-phase working medium in the second pressure container flows into the first pressure container to maintain the pressure of the first pressure container within a working pressure range, and the liquid-phase freezing working medium can be continuously output. The controlled element is a fourth pressure control element and a fourth electromagnetic valve which are sequentially connected in series between the second pressure container and the first pressure container. And the fourth electromagnetic valve is opened when the first current pressure reaches a first pressure preset value, the second pressure container is communicated with the first pressure container, and the fourth pressure control element automatically controls the output pressure of the fourth pressure control element to be smaller than the input pressure of the fourth pressure control element.

The seventh pipeline and the second pipeline are connected to the second pressure container through a booster pump (L8-5) and used for increasing the working medium pressure in the seventh pipeline and the second pipeline and then delivering the working medium pressure to the second pressure container. So that the working fluid can circulate. When the precooling is finished (when the first current temperature meets the preset condition), the booster pump is turned off in a delayed mode. So that the working medium in the second pipeline and the seventh pipeline is recycled before the cryoablation. Wherein the delayed closing can be realized by arranging a system delay timer in the system.

Wherein, dispose first check valve (L1-6) on the first pipeline, avoid liquid working medium palirrhea.

The working medium precooling system for cryoablation is transformed on the original cryoablation system, the first pipeline for conveying the working medium is divided into the inner layer and the outer layer, and the precooling system can effectively reduce the gasification amount of the working medium in the cryoablation process and eliminate air blockage. And the working medium on the outer layer is used as an isolation layer to limit the working medium on the inner layer to perform heat exchange with the air outside the first pipeline, so that the time of cryoablation is prolonged, and particularly in the cryoablation operation, the stability and the safety are improved. And a corresponding pipeline for recovering working media is additionally arranged, so that the environment is protected and the energy is saved.

With reference to fig. 1 to 6, the present application provides a delivery device for delivering a working medium from a first pressure vessel (i.e. a liquid working medium pressure vessel C1) to a cryoablation apparatus (CP), wherein the working medium is at a low temperature and in a gas-liquid two-phase state during delivery, and the first pressure vessel is used for storing the liquid working medium and can deliver the working medium through a power apparatus or its own pressure.

Firstly, the conveying device comprises a first pipeline (a liquid refrigerant output pipeline L1) and a gas-liquid separation device, wherein the inner-layer structure and the outer-layer structure of the first pipeline in the embodiment can be understood as comprising an outer pipe (L1-1-4) and a separation sleeve (L1-1-5) arranged in the outer pipe, the outer pipe and the separation sleeve form the liquid refrigerant pipe (L1-1), and the separation sleeve divides the first pipeline into an inner-layer structure and an outer-layer structure in the radial direction.

The gas-liquid separation device is of a cylindrical structure and is arranged in the isolation sleeve, the first end of the cylindrical structure is open, the second end of the cylindrical structure is closed, a first channel (namely a base pipe L1-1-4-2 of the gas-liquid separation device) is arranged inside the cylindrical structure, a second channel is arranged between the outer wall of the cylindrical structure and the inner wall of the isolation sleeve, and a through hole (namely an exhaust hole L1-1-4-3) for communicating the first channel and the second channel is formed in the side wall of the cylindrical structure. Because of the arrangement of the through holes, part of the working medium can enter the first channel, and the gas content of the mass flow of the part of the two-phase flow is higher than the liquid content of the mass flow; and the gas-liquid two-phase flow flows through the second channel and does not enter the base pipe (L1-1-4-2) of the liquid refrigerant pipe gas-liquid separation device, and the liquid content of the mass flow of the partial two-phase flow is higher than the gas content of the mass flow. Further reducing the gasification amount of the working medium in the second channel and reducing the air blocking probability during precooling or ablation. Because the second end of the gas-liquid separation device is closed, the working medium entering the first channel flows to the first end, and the flow direction of the working medium entering the first channel is opposite to that of the working medium entering the second channel. And (3) further analyzing by combining the flow path of the working medium in the first path, wherein the flow path of the working medium is also divided into two paths: the third path is from the second channel to the cryoablation device or the outer layer; the fourth path reaches the first end of the first channel through the second channel, the through hole and the first channel.

The working medium stored in the first pressure container in the embodiment is liquid nitrogen, the proportion of liquid nitrogen gasification influenced by temperature is reduced, and meanwhile, nitrogen gasified due to unavoidable factors such as friction is separated from the liquid nitrogen, so that the phenomenon of gas blockage is avoided, the output liquid nitrogen dosage is stable and controllable, and the stable cryoablation effect is realized.

The method for reducing air blockage can be to reduce the temperature difference between the inner layer temperature and the working medium during cryoablation, for example, in another embodiment, the liquid refrigerant pipe (L1-1) is a sleeve structure and at least comprises two or more sleeve structures; comprising: the liquid refrigerant pipe heat insulation channel, the liquid refrigerant pipe reflux channel (L1-1-2), the liquid refrigerant pipe inflow channel (L1-1-3) and the liquid refrigerant pipe gas-liquid separation device (L1-1-4). The liquid refrigerant pipe (L1-1) is sequentially provided with a heat insulation channel (L1-1-1), a backflow channel (L1-1-2) and a flow inlet channel (L1-1-3) from outside to inside through the three channels, the heat insulation channel can be communicated with the backflow channel (L1-1-2) and flow through the same working medium, or can be not communicated with the backflow channel (L1-1-2) and the flow inlet channel (L1-1-3) and flow through other low-temperature working mediums, so that heat exchange is further blocked. In other embodiments, heat exchange is blocked by providing an insulating layer on the outer layer.

The guide groove used for forming the second channel is formed in the outer wall of the tubular structure, the guide groove is communicated with the first end and the second end, so that the working medium can flow on the guide groove, and the through holes are formed in the groove wall of the guide groove for effective gas-liquid separation. The outer wall of the cylindrical mechanism is attached to the inner wall of the isolation sleeve, the guide groove is of a groove structure, working media can only flow through the guide groove, and then the working media can certainly pass through the through hole, so that the gas-liquid separation efficiency is improved. Under the cross section, the second channel is enclosed by the cell wall of guiding gutter and the inner wall of spacer sleeve, and wherein the cell wall of guiding gutter is the arc, and the cell wall is smooth, reduces the heat because of the friction production with working medium. The through hole is provided with an arc-shaped bottom, and is circular in shape and convenient to process.

In order to further improve the separation efficiency, the method adopted is that the diversion trench is spirally wound on the outer wall of the cylindrical structure to form a spiral channel, so that the flowing path of the working medium is prolonged. Or a plurality of through holes are distributed along the diversion trench. Wherein, the diversion trench is provided with 1-8 through holes in each circle spirally wound, and the through holes are distributed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical structure.

In one embodiment, the first end of the isolation sleeve extends out of the first end of the outer tube, the extended part serves as a bottom inserting tube, and the length of the bottom inserting tube at least can extend to be below the liquid level in the first pressure container, so that precooling and ablation can continuously output liquid-phase working medium. And the first end of the outer pipe is positioned outside the first pressure container, so that the working medium is output from the first end of the inner layer and then returns to the first end of the outer layer through the second end to flow out, and most or all of the inner layer is cooled.

The first end of the cylindrical structure and the first end of the spacer sleeve are axially adjacent to each other. The mutual proximity is understood that the first end of the gas-liquid separation device is also positioned below the liquid level in the first pressure container, so that the working medium directly enters the second channel for gas-liquid separation when being output, and the working medium entering the first channel can return to the first pressure container and be liquefied, thereby realizing local circulation and saving resources.

Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment, the first conduit is provided with an outlet valve (i.e., a liquid cryogen outlet valve L1-2) having an outlet passage (L1-2-1) in communication with the inner layer and a return passage (L1-2-2) in communication with the outer layer. The liquid cryogen output valve (L1-2) comprises two pairs of input-output channels, a first input-output channel (corresponding to the output channel) and a second input-output channel (corresponding to the return channel); the first input-output channel is communicated with the liquid refrigerant pipe inflow channel (L1-1-3); the second input-output channel is communicated with a liquid refrigerant pipe return channel (L1-1-2); when the liquid refrigerant output valve (L1-2) is in an open state, the fluid in the liquid refrigerant pipe inflow passage (L1-1-3) of the liquid refrigerant pipe (L1-1) dynamically flows into and flows out of the first input-output passage.

The gas-liquid separation device can improve the mass flow liquid containing rate of the working medium conveyed to the cryoablation equipment, and further reduces the gas blockage phenomenon.

The above-described embodiment completes the pre-cooling of the first conduit, which then requires pressurizing the first and second pressure vessels C1 and C2 to achieve the pressure required for subsequent cryoablation.

The application also provides a working medium pressure vessel system for cryoablation, which comprises a first pressure vessel (namely a liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1)), a second pressure vessel (namely a gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2)) and a third pressure vessel (namely a phase change pressure vessel (C3)), wherein the first pressure vessel is used for storing liquid working medium and supplying the liquid working medium to a cryoablation device (CP) in an ablation process, the working medium can be discharged after passing through the cryoablation device, the second pressure vessel is used for storing gas working medium and is in controlled communication with the first pressure vessel through a fourth pipeline (namely a cryoablation working pressure control element L4-3) and simultaneously receives backflow working medium from the cryoablation device, the third pressure vessel is arranged in the first pressure vessel and is used for changing the liquid working medium into the gas working medium, the third pressure vessel is in controlled communication with the first pressure vessel through a one-way circulation device to receive the liquid working medium, and is also in controlled communication with the second pressure vessel through a fifth pipeline.

Controlled elements are respectively configured on the fourth pipeline and the fifth pipeline, and the controlled elements and the one-way circulation device are correspondingly switched on and off under the condition of meeting expected conditions, so that the pressure of the first pressure container, the pressure of the second pressure container and the pressure of the third pressure container are related.

Firstly, the backflow working medium is the working medium discharged by the cryoablation equipment, the second pressure container and the cryoablation equipment can be connected through a pipeline to realize the flow of the backflow working medium, and the process is a working medium recovery process. It should be noted here that the change in state of the working fluid during the recovery process is not critical.

Secondly, the pressure linkage process among the three pressure containers is that working medium in the third pressure container enters the second pressure container to perform pressure compensation, and the second pressure container is maintained within a preset pressure range; working medium of the second pressure container enters the first pressure container to perform pressure compensation, the first pressure container is maintained in a preset pressure range, and liquid-phase working medium can be continuously output; the third pressure container maintains the self pressure in a preset pressure range by changing the state of the working medium, and each pressure container corresponds to a preset pressure range. The pressure linkage process uses the existing second pressure container as a transition to realize the integral pressure automatic cycle control. The pressure vessel system of the embodiment is mainly used for controlling the pressure in the liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1), the gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2), the phase change pressure vessel (C3) and the liquid conveying pipeline (L1) to be maintained in a working pressure range, and the working pressure of the pressure vessel is as follows: the phase change pressure vessel (C3) > the gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) > the liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1).

In the following examples, the liquid phase working medium is illustrated by taking liquid nitrogen as an example, and the corresponding gas phase working medium is gaseous nitrogen.

The first pressure container is provided with a first pressure sensor (namely a liquid working medium pressure sensor C1-1) for obtaining a first current pressure; the controlled elements on the fourth pipeline are a fourth pressure control element (namely) and a fourth electromagnetic valve (namely a booster electromagnetic valve L4-2) which are sequentially connected in series between the second pressure container and the first pressure container, wherein the fourth electromagnetic valve is opened when the first current pressure reaches the first pressure preset value to communicate the second pressure container with the first pressure container, and the fourth pressure control element automatically controls the output pressure of the fourth pressure control element to be smaller than the input pressure of the fourth pressure control element. The second pressure vessel is mainly used for compensating and increasing the pressure in the first pressure vessel. Although the first pressure vessel needs to be depressurized when the pressure in the first pressure vessel is over-pressurized, in an embodiment, the first pressure vessel is configured with exhaust pressure relief pipes, and each exhaust pressure relief pipe is provided with a solenoid valve (i.e., a depressurization solenoid valve L3-2) that opens at a preset pressure to perform depressurization.

Automatic control of pressure for the first pressure vessel:

the working pressure of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is maintained in an expected range through a cryoablation working pressure reducing pipeline (L3), a cryoablation working pressure pressurizing pipeline (L4) and a liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1); the liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1) collects a first current pressure of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1), and the first current pressure participates in judging whether the working pressure of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is within an expected range or not.

The working pressure is the nominal pressure of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1), and the working pressure range is a pressure interval of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) corresponding to the nominal pressure; the pressure interval takes the working pressure as a median value, the upper deviation relative to the median value is used as the upper limit of the pressure interval, and the lower deviation relative to the median value is used as the lower limit of the pressure interval; the working pressures of different liquid working medium pressure containers (C1) correspond to the corresponding pressure intervals, namely the working pressure ranges

When the pressure collected by the liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1) is reduced to a first pressurization opening threshold value, a cryoablation working pressure pressurization electromagnetic valve (L4-2) in the cryoablation working pressure pressurization pipeline (L4) is opened, and gaseous working medium in the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) enters the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) through the cryoablation working pressure pressurization pipeline (L4-1) to be pressurized; when the pressure collected by the liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1) is higher than a first pressurization closing threshold value, the cryoablation working pressure pressurization electromagnetic valve (L4-2) in the cryoablation working pressure pressurization pipeline (L4) is closed.

The working pressure of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range, when the pressure acquired by the liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1) is higher than a first decompression opening threshold value, a cryoablation working pressure decompression electromagnetic valve (L3-2) in a cryoablation working pressure decompression pipeline (L3) is opened, and gaseous working medium in the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is discharged to the atmosphere through the cryoablation working pressure decompression pipe (L3-1) for decompression; when the pressure collected by the liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1) is lower than a first decompression closing threshold value, the freezing and melting working pressure decompression electromagnetic valve (L3-2) in the freezing and melting working pressure decompression pipeline (L3) is closed.

The working pressure of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range by a first pressurization opening threshold, a first pressurization closing threshold, a first decompression opening threshold and a first decompression closing threshold; the first boost opening threshold is less than the first boost closing threshold; the first reduced pressure opening threshold > the first reduced pressure closing threshold; the lower limit of the working pressure range of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is less than a first pressurization starting threshold value; the upper limit of the working pressure range of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is larger than a first decompression opening threshold value.

In an embodiment, a second pressure sensor (i.e., a gaseous working medium pressure sensor C2-1) is configured on the second pressure vessel to obtain a second current pressure, and the controlled elements on the fifth pipeline are a fifth electromagnetic valve (i.e., a gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve L5-4) and a fifth pressure control element (i.e., a gaseous working medium output pressure control element L5-5) which are sequentially connected in series between the third pressure vessel and the second pressure vessel. And the fifth pressure control element automatically controls the output pressure of the fifth pressure control element to be smaller than the input pressure of the fifth pressure control element. Although the second pressure vessel needs to be depressurized when the pressure of the second pressure vessel is over-pressurized, in an embodiment, the second pressure vessel is configured with a gas discharge and pressure release pipeline, and the gas discharge and pressure release pipeline is provided with a solenoid valve (i.e., a gaseous working medium pressure release valve C2-2) which is opened at a preset pressure to perform pressure release.

The automatic control of the second pressure vessel is:

the working pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) dynamically maintains the working pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) within a working pressure range through a gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5), a gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) and a gaseous working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2); and the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) acquires second current pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2), and the second current pressure participates in judging whether the working pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is in an expected range.

The working pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range, when the pressure collected by the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is reduced to a second pressurization opening threshold value, the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve (L5-4) in the gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5) is opened, gaseous working medium in the phase change pressure container (C3) is decompressed through the gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5-1) and the gaseous working medium output pressure control element (L5-5) and then enters the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2), and pressurization compensation is performed on the second pressure container. When the pressure collected by the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is higher than a second pressurization closing threshold value, the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve (L5-4) in the gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5) is closed.

The working pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range, when the pressure acquired by the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is higher than a second decompression opening threshold value, the gaseous working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2) is opened, the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is exhausted to the atmosphere through the gaseous working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2) to perform decompression; and when the pressure collected by the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is lower than a second decompression closing threshold value, the gaseous working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2) is closed.

The second pressurization opening threshold value, the second pressurization closing threshold value, the second decompression opening threshold value and the second decompression closing threshold value are used for dynamically maintaining the working pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) within a working pressure range; the second boost opening threshold is less than the second boost closing threshold; the second reduced pressure opening threshold > the second reduced pressure closing threshold; the lower limit of the working pressure range of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is less than a second pressurization starting threshold value; the upper limit of the working pressure range of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is larger than the second decompression opening threshold value.

In an embodiment, a third pressure sensor (i.e., a phase change pressure transmitter L5-2) for monitoring a third pressure vessel is configured on the fifth pipeline (i.e., the gaseous working medium output pipeline L5) to obtain a third current pressure, and a heating device (i.e., a phase change heating device C3-2) is configured on the third pressure vessel to heat the liquid-phase working medium in the third pressure vessel to change phase into a gas-phase working medium and increase the third current pressure, wherein the third current pressure reaches a third preset pressure value, and the heating device stops heating.

In this embodiment, a liquid level sensor (C3-4) and a temperature sensor (C3-5) are configured on the third pressure vessel to obtain a third current liquid level and a third current temperature, and the third current liquid level and the third current temperature participate in the judgment of the control of the heating device. And when the third current liquid level and the third current temperature meet the expected conditions, the heating device stops heating.

Referring to fig. 6, one end of the gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5) fixed to the top end cover of the liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1) extends into the phase change pressure vessel (C3); the bottom of the phase-change pressure vessel (C3) is provided with a liquid working medium unidirectional flow device (C3-1) which can be understood as being positioned below the liquid level in the first pressure vessel. The liquid working medium in the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) can enter the phase change pressure container (C3) through the liquid working medium unidirectional flow device (C3-1), and the liquid working medium unidirectional flow device (C3-1) prevents the liquid or gaseous working medium from entering the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) from the phase change pressure container (C3). The phase-change heating device (C3-2) is positioned in the phase-change pressure container (C3), in order to avoid the influence on the liquid-phase working medium in the first container in the heating process, an isolation layer (namely a container thermal insulation layer (C3-3)) for isolating heat conduction is arranged on the third pressure container, and the container thermal insulation layer (C3-3) thermally isolates the phase-change pressure container (C3) from the liquid-phase working medium pressure container (C1).

The pressure of the third pressure vessel (i.e., the phase change pressure vessel C3) is automatically controlled:

gaseous working media in the phase-change pressure vessel (C3) can enter the gaseous working media pressure vessel (C2) through the gaseous working media output pipeline (L5).

The working pressure of the phase change pressure container (C3) is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range through a gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5), a liquid working medium one-way circulation device (C3-1), a phase change heating device (C3-2), a phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2), a liquid level sensor (C3-4) and a temperature sensor (C3-5); and the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) acquires a third current pressure of the phase change pressure container (C3), and the third current pressure participates in judging whether the working pressure of the phase change pressure container (C3) is in an expected range or not.

The working pressure of the phase-change pressure container (C3) is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range, and during the period from the pressurization of the pressure collected by the phase-change pressure transmitter (L5-2) from a third pressurization starting threshold value to a third pressurization closing threshold value, the liquid level information of the liquid level sensor (C3-4) and the temperature information of the temperature sensor (C3-5) participate in judging whether the pressurization process is effective or not:

when the pressure collected by the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is boosted to a third boosting closing threshold value from a third boosting opening threshold value, when the liquid level collected by the liquid level sensor (C3-4) is less than a first low liquid level threshold value and the temperature collected by the temperature sensor (C3-5) is less than a first high temperature threshold value, the pressure collected by the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is greater than a third boosting lower limit threshold value, the boosting process is finished, the phase change heating device (C3-2) stops heating, and the boosting process is effective; when the liquid level collected by the liquid level sensor (C3-4) is less than the first low liquid level threshold value and the temperature collected by the temperature sensor (C3-5) is greater than the first high temperature threshold value, the pressure collected by the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is less than the third pressurization lower limit threshold value, the pressurization process is finished, the phase change heating device (C3-2) stops heating, the pressurization process is invalid, and the pressurization process is repeated.

Certainly, in the whole pressure linkage process, overpressure condition exists in the phase change pressure vessel (C3), therefore, the third pressure vessel is configured with an exhaust pressure relief pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve (i.e., the phase change vessel pressure relief electromagnetic valve (L5-3) which is opened under a preset pressure to perform pressure relief is arranged on the exhaust pressure relief pipeline, so that the third current pressure is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range.

A third pressurization opening threshold, a first liquid level closing threshold, a third pressurization closing threshold, a first low liquid level threshold, a first high temperature threshold, a third pressurization lower limit threshold, a third decompression opening threshold and a third decompression closing threshold, wherein the working pressure of the phase-change pressure container (C3) is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range; the third supercharging starting threshold value is smaller than the third supercharging lower limit threshold value and smaller than the third supercharging closing threshold value; the third reduced pressure opening threshold > a third reduced pressure closing threshold; the lower limit of the working pressure range of the phase-change pressure container (C3) is less than a third pressurization starting threshold value; the upper limit of the working pressure range of the phase-change pressure container (C3) is larger than a third decompression opening threshold value; the first liquid level closing threshold value is larger than the first low liquid level threshold value; the first high temperature threshold is less than or equal to room temperature; and the first low liquid level threshold, the first high temperature threshold and the third pressurization lower limit threshold participate in judgment of the pressurization effectiveness of the phase-change pressure container (C3).

Working pressure of a liquid working medium pressure container (C1), working pressure of a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2), working pressure of a phase-change pressure container (C3), a first pressurization opening threshold, a first pressurization closing threshold, a first decompression opening threshold, a first decompression closing threshold, a second pressurization opening threshold, a second pressurization closing threshold, a second decompression opening threshold, a second decompression closing threshold, a third pressurization opening threshold, a first liquid level closing threshold, a third pressurization closing threshold, a first low liquid level threshold, a first high temperature threshold, a third pressurization lower limit threshold, a third decompression opening threshold and a third decompression closing threshold, wherein the working pressure of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) and the working pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) are respectively controlled by a control unit: the respective working pressures of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1), the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) and the phase change pressure container (C3) are dynamically maintained in respective working pressure ranges.

Dynamically maintaining the working pressure of the pressure container in a working pressure range, and enabling a cryoablation working pressure pressurization solenoid valve (L4-2), a gaseous working medium output solenoid valve (L5-4) and a phase change container pressure relief solenoid valve (L5-3) to participate in the pressurization process of the pressure container; a cryoablation working pressure reducing electromagnetic valve (L3-2), a gaseous working medium pressure reducing valve (C2-2) and a phase change container pressure reducing electromagnetic valve (L5-3) participate in the pressure reducing process of the pressure container; forbidding the cryoablation working pressure boosting electromagnetic valve (L4-2) and the cryoablation working pressure reducing electromagnetic valve (L3-2) to work simultaneously; and forbidding the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve (L5-4) and the gaseous working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2) to work simultaneously.

The working pressure range corresponding to each pressure container is dynamic, and the specific range setting method comprises the following steps:

referring to fig. 1, the cryoablation apparatus is connected to the second pressure vessel via a seventh conduit (i.e., an air return recovery conduit L7) and an eighth conduit (i.e., a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control conduit L8), the eighth conduit is provided with a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flow meter (L8-4), and the setting of the working pressure range can be adjusted according to the flow data of the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flow meter (L8-4) in the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control conduit (L8).

Wherein the pressure compensation for C1 in the above embodiments may be performed at any stage.

In a cryoablation system using nitrogen or liquid nitrogen as a freezing working medium, the liquid nitrogen needs to be heated to generate the nitrogen for freezing or rewarming. However, liquid nitrogen is extremely easy to gasify, and a large amount of nitrogen is rapidly generated after heating, so that the pressure in the container is rapidly increased, and the safety risk is high. In the embodiment, the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen container can controllably flow into the heating device with the heat insulation structure through the one-way circulation device responding to pressure control, so that the gasification amount of the liquid nitrogen is controlled, and the safety of the liquid nitrogen during gasification is improved.

With reference to fig. 7A and 7B and the structure of the phase change pressure vessel C3 described above, a liquid working medium unidirectional flow device is disposed at the bottom of the phase change pressure vessel (C3), the top of the phase change pressure vessel is connected to a gaseous working medium output solenoid valve, a phase change heating device is disposed inside the phase change pressure vessel, the liquid working medium unidirectional flow device has an internal space, the liquid working medium unidirectional flow device has a bottom port communicated with the internal space, a top port communicated with the internal space of the phase change pressure vessel (C3), a side wall port communicating the internal space with the internal space of the phase change pressure vessel (C3), and a blocking ball (C3-1-4) slidably mounted in the internal space and serving as a unidirectional circulation device;

wherein, the inner space is movably sealed and matched with the sealing plate (C3-1-2), one side of the sealing plate faces to the top opening, the other side is linked with the blocking ball of the one-way circulation device, the one-way circulation device is driven to seal the bottom opening under the action of the internal pressure of the phase-change pressure container (C3), and the sealing plate avoids the side wall opening on the self movement stroke. The sealing plate is adaptive to the inner space, and can enable the liquid working medium to flow in from the bottom port and flow out from the side wall port so as to prevent the liquid working medium from flowing out from the top port. The sealing plate is acted by pressure (pressure generated by liquid and/or gaseous working medium) from the phase-change pressure container C3 towards the top opening, the pressure is indirectly transmitted to the sealing ball, the sealing ball is also acted by pressure from the first pressure container of the bottom opening, and the two pressures are mutually acted to enable the sealing ball to move and open or be sealed corresponding to the bottom opening.

The phase change heating device is used for heating the liquid working medium in the phase change pressure container C3 to enable the liquid working medium to be gasified so as to improve the pressure of the phase change pressure container, and preparation is made for the subsequent pressure construction of the second pressure container C2. For example, when the pressure in the third pressure vessel meets the preset condition, the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve is opened and the gaseous working medium is conveyed to the second pressure vessel.

The top of the phase change pressure container (C3) is connected with a phase change container pressure relief solenoid valve (L5-3), and the phase change pressure container (C3) is also provided with a liquid level sensor (C3-4), a temperature sensor (C3-5), a phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) and a container heat insulation layer (C3-3). A check block (C3-1-1) is fixed in the inner space, the blocking ball of the one-way circulation device is far away from the bottom opening under the action of external pressure of the bottom opening to the position below the limit position, and the position of the check block is positioned on one side, facing the top opening, of the sealing plate and is abutted against the sealing plate.

The application also provides a control method of the phase-change pressure system, which comprises the following steps:

starting the liquid working medium one-way flow device;

the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) enters the phase change pressure container (C3) through the liquid working medium one-way circulation device (C3-1);

and the liquid working medium in the phase-change pressure container (C3) is heated and gasified by utilizing the phase-change heating device.

Wherein the opening condition of the liquid working medium one-way flowing device is that the pressure of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is low

The condition that the liquid working medium flows into the phase-change pressure container is that the pressure or the liquid level of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) meets the expectation

The condition of the liquid working medium being gasified by heating is that the pressure of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is in accordance with the expectation.

As shown in fig. 7A, in an initial state, when the pressure in the phase change pressure vessel (C3) is close to the atmospheric pressure (which can be achieved by the phase change vessel pressure relief solenoid valve (L5-3)), the pressure in the liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1) is greater than the pressure in the phase change pressure vessel (C3) in the current state, under the action of the static pressure (C3-1-5) in the liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1), the blocking ball (C3-1-4) of the one-way circulation device is pushed to compress the spring (C3-1-3) upwards, and under the action of the blocking block (C3-1-1), the sealing plate (C3-1-2) connected with the spring (C3-1-3) cannot move upwards continuously; at the moment, the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) enters the phase change pressure container (C3) from the side wall opening of the liquid working medium-containing one-way circulation device (C3-1) through the flow path (C3-1-6). The sealing plate (C3-1-2) and the side wall of the liquid working medium one-way circulation device (C3-1) form a dynamic sealing structure; therefore, the fluid path (C3-1-6) is unique under the above structure.

As shown in fig. 7B, after the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) enters the phase change pressure container (C3), the phase change heating device (C3-2) continuously heats the liquid working medium entering the phase change pressure container (C3), so as to further pressurize the phase change pressure container (C3). Under the action of static pressure (C3-1-5) in the phase change pressure container (C3), a sealing plate (C3-1-2) connected with a spring (C3-1-3) is pushed to move downwards to compress the spring (C3-1-3) downwards, and a blocking ball (C3-1-4) of the one-way flow device is further used for blocking the one-way flow device (C3-1) of the liquid working medium, so that the flow path (C3-1-6) cannot pass through a blocking area of the one-way flow device (C3-1) of the liquid working medium.

Referring to fig. 8, in another embodiment, the one-way liquid working medium circulation device (C3-1) is a micro-pump for cryogenic fluid.

The corresponding control method comprises the following steps: after the phase change pressure container (C3) is released through the phase change container pressure relief electromagnetic valve (L5-3), the low-temperature fluid micro pump is started to pump the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) to the phase change pressure container (C3), and then the low-temperature fluid micro pump is closed after the liquid level information acquired through the liquid level sensor (C3-4) reaches a threshold value. And further continuously heating the liquid working medium entering the phase change pressure container (C3) through the phase change heating device (C3-2) to further pressurize the phase change pressure container (C3).

When the system operates, the working pressure of the phase change pressure container (C3) is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range, when the pressure collected by the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is reduced to a third boosting opening threshold, the phase change container pressure relief solenoid valve (L5-3) in the phase change pressure output pipeline (L5) is opened, the gaseous working medium in the phase change pressure container (C3) is discharged to the atmosphere through the phase change container pressure relief solenoid valve (L5-3) through the gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5-1), the pressure collected by the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is further reduced to the opening threshold of the liquid working medium one-way circulation device, and the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) enters the phase change pressure container (C3) through the liquid working medium one-way circulation device (C3-1); the liquid level sensor (C3-4) collects liquid level data of the liquid working medium entering the phase change pressure container (C3), when the liquid level reaches a first liquid level closing threshold value, the phase change container pressure relief electromagnetic valve (L5-3) in the gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5) is closed, the phase change heating device (C3-2) is started, the liquid working medium is heated and vaporized into the gaseous working medium, so that the pressure in the phase change pressure container (C3) is increased, and the liquid working medium one-way circulation device (C3-1) is closed along with the increase of the pressure; the phase change heating device (C3-2) continuously heats the liquid working medium entering the phase change pressure container (C3) and further pressurizes the phase change pressure container (C3); and when the pressure acquired by the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is higher than a third pressurization closing threshold value, the phase change heating device (C3-2) stops heating.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application discloses a low pressure fluid system for enhancing interventional cryoablation performance, comprising at least one of: the system comprises a liquid working medium pressure container (C1), a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2), a phase change pressure container (C3), a liquid refrigerant output pipeline (L1), a precooling fluid recovery pipeline (L2), a cryoablation working pressure reducing pipeline (L3), a cryoablation working pressure boosting pipeline (L4), a gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5), a replacement and rewarming pipeline (L6), an air return recovery pipeline (L7), a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8), a vacuum degree establishing pipeline (L9) and cryoablation equipment (CP) serving as the cryoablation equipment.

The above modules, containers, conduits and related apparatus and methods may be applied to low pressure cryoablation, for example, less than 3MPa (e.g., about 0.5MPa operating pressure), each of which may independently implement certain unit operations and in some cases may be integrated with each other into a relatively complete low pressure fluid system, and the following is separately described for each component, but not strictly limited to the simultaneous configuration:

1) The pressure vessel for accommodating liquid-phase working medium and gas-phase working medium: the pressure vessel comprises a liquid working medium pressure vessel (a first pressure vessel C1), a gaseous working medium pressure vessel (a second pressure vessel C2) and a phase change pressure vessel (a third pressure vessel C3).

(1) The device comprises a first pressure container (C1), wherein liquid-phase working medium is stored in the first pressure container (C1), and is connected with a cryoablation device (CP) through a first pipeline (L1) and used for conveying the liquid-phase working medium;

the first pressure vessel C1 is connected to the second pressure vessel C2 via a fourth pipeline L4; the third pressure vessel C3 is arranged in the first pressure vessel C1 and can change the liquid phase working medium into the gas phase working medium.

The first pressure container C1 is provided with a third pipeline L3 for exhausting and decompressing;

a liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1), preferably a Dewar pressure vessel, for storing liquid working medium during the freezing process of the cryoablation procedure; the method comprises the following steps: a liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1) and a liquid working medium liquid level sensor (C1-2).

(2) The gas working medium pressure container (namely, a second pressure container C2), wherein gas-phase working medium is stored in the second pressure container (C2), is connected with the first pressure container (C1) through a fourth pipeline L4 and is conveyed to the first pressure container (C1);

the second pressure vessel (C2) is connected with the third pressure vessel (C3) through a fifth pipeline (L5) and receives the gas-phase working medium from the third pressure vessel (C3);

the second pressure container (C2) is connected with the cryoablation device (CP) through a sixth pipeline (L6) and conveys the heated gaseous working medium;

the second pressure vessel (C2) is connected to the gaseous working medium of the cryoablation device (CP) and/or the first pipeline (L1) via an eighth pipeline (L8).

The Dewar pressure vessel is preferably used for storing gaseous working media which are replaced before use, rewarming process and recovered by the air return channel in the cryoablation procedure; the method comprises the following steps: a gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) and a gaseous working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2).

(3) The phase change pressure vessel (i.e. the third pressure vessel C3) is connected and transported to the second pressure vessel (C2) by a fifth pipeline (L5).

The device is used for changing the phase of a liquid working medium into a gas working medium, and the gas after phase change is conveyed to a gas working medium pressure container (C2) through a gas working medium output pipeline (L5) through a pressure control element (L5-5). The method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a liquid working medium one-way circulation device (C3-1), a phase change heating device (C3-2), a container heat insulation layer (C3-3), a liquid level sensor (C3-4) and a temperature sensor (C3-5).

2) Nine functional pipelines comprising valves, sensing and control elements: the system comprises a liquid refrigerant output pipeline (a first pipeline L1), a precooling fluid recovery pipeline (a second pipeline L2), a cryoablation working pressure reducing pipeline (a third pipeline L3), a cryoablation working pressure boosting pipeline (a fourth pipeline L4), a gaseous working medium output pipeline (a fifth pipeline L5), a replacement and rewarming pipeline (a sixth pipeline L6), an air return recovery pipeline (a seventh pipeline L7), a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (an eighth pipeline L8), and a vacuum degree establishing pipeline (a ninth pipeline L9).

(1) The delivery device including the above embodiment, wherein the liquid refrigerant output pipeline (first pipeline L1) is used for conveying liquid working medium, includes:

a liquid refrigerant pipe (L1-1); a liquid refrigerant outlet valve (L1-2); a safety relief valve (L1-3); the liquid refrigerant output pipeline pressure transmitter (L1-4) and the temperature sensor (L1-5) participate in closed-loop control, and are used for monitoring state parameters of the fluid working medium entering the flexible freezing probe; the liquid refrigerant is output to a check valve (L1-6) to avoid backflow.

(2) Gaseous working media flow through the interior of the precooling fluid recovery pipeline (namely the second pipeline (L2)), one end of the second pipeline (L2) is connected with the first pipeline (L1), and the other end of the second pipeline (L2) is connected with the eighth pipeline (L8) and finally conveyed into the second pressure container (C2).

The second pipeline (L2) is used for conveying the fluid working medium to the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8) in the precooling process in the cryoablation procedure, and comprises the following components:

a precooling fluid recovery pipe (L2-1); a precooling fluid recovery electromagnetic valve (L2-2) is used for opening a heat exchanger in a cryoablation procedure and closing the heat exchanger after reaching a precooling temperature threshold range; a pre-cooling fluid recovery check valve (L2-3) to avoid reverse flow.

(3) The cryoablation working pressure reducing pipeline (namely, a third pipeline (L3) which is connected to the first pressure vessel (C1) and used for releasing the pressure of the liquid working medium Dewar pressure vessel (C1) comprises the following components:

a cryoablation working pressure reducing tube (L3-1); and the cryoablation working pressure reducing electromagnetic valve (L3-2) is opened when the pressure of the liquid working medium in the liquid nitrogen working medium pressure container (C1) is higher than a release pressure threshold value, and is closed when the pressure of the liquid working medium is lower than the release pressure threshold value.

(4) Cryoablation working pressure pressurization pipeline (i.e. fourth pipeline (L4) connecting first pressure vessel (C1) and second pressure vessel (C2) for inputting gaseous working medium in gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) into liquid working medium dewar pressure vessel (C1) for pressurization, comprising:

a cryoablation working pressure booster pipe (L4-1); and the cryoablation working pressure boosting electromagnetic valve (L4-2) is opened when the pressure of the liquid working medium in the liquid nitrogen working medium pressure container (C1) is lower than a boosting pressure threshold value, and is closed when the pressure of the liquid working medium is higher than the boosting pressure threshold value. A cryoablation working pressure control element (L4-3) participates in the closed-loop control for adjusting the cryoablation working pressure.

(5) The gaseous working medium output pipeline (i.e. the fifth pipeline (L5) connects the third pressure container (C3) and the second pressure container (C2) for inputting the gaseous working medium in the phase-change pressure container (C3) to the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) for pressurization, comprising:

gaseous state working medium output tube (L5-1), the pressure monitoring component of phase transition pressure vessel (C3): a phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2); the phase change container pressure relief electromagnetic valve (L5-3) is opened and is used for emptying gas-phase working media in the phase change pressure container (C3) or creating a pressure difference between the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) and the phase change pressure container (C3) so that the liquid working media enter the phase change pressure container (C3) from the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) and are closed after the liquid working media enter; when the pressure threshold value of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is higher than the gaseous working medium output pressure threshold value, the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve (L5-4) is opened, otherwise, the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve is closed; the gaseous working medium output pressure control element (L5-5) is used for adjusting the pressure in the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2).

(6) The replacement and rewarming pipeline (i.e. the sixth pipeline L6) connects the second pressure vessel (C2) and the cryoablation apparatus (CP) for selectively heating the gaseous working medium in the gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) during the replacement process in the cryoablation procedure and then delivering the heated gaseous working medium to the cryoablation apparatus (CP), comprising:

a replacement and rewarming tube (L6-1); a replacement and rewarming solenoid valve (L6-2) which is opened when in the replacement process of the cryoablation procedure and closed after the replacement procedure for replacing the air in the cryoablation device; when the gas working medium is in a rewarming process in a cryoablation program, the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3) is started and used for heating the gas working medium in the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1) to reach a threshold temperature, and the rewarming temperature sensor (L6-4) participates in the rewarming process and is matched with the adjustment of the heating power of the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-2), so that the gas working medium in the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1) reaches the threshold temperature; and a replacement and rewarming one-way valve (L6-5) is used for avoiding backflow.

(7) The return air recovery pipeline (namely, one end of the seventh pipeline (L7) is connected with the cryoablation device (CP), and the other end is connected with the eighth pipeline (L8), which is used for conveying the return air generated in the freezing process in the cryoablation procedure to the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8), and comprises:

a return air recovery pipe (L7-1); and a one-way valve (L7-2) of the return gas recovery pipeline is used for avoiding backflow.

(8) The system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (namely, one end of an eighth pipeline (L8) is simultaneously connected with a seventh pipeline (L7) and a second pipeline (L2), and the other end of the eighth pipeline is connected with a second pressure container (C2) and is used for heating fluid working media flowing from a pre-cooling fluid recovery pipeline (L2) in a pre-cooling process in a cryoablation program and then pumping the fluid working media to a gaseous working media pressure container (C2), heating the fluid working media flowing into a return gas recovery pipeline (L7) in the cryoablation program, measuring the flow through a flow meter and then pumping the fluid working media to the gaseous working media pressure container (C2), wherein the measured flow participates in the pressure control of the system, and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline comprises the following steps:

a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe (L8-1); a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control heat exchanger (L8-2) for heating fluid flowing from the pre-cooled fluid recovery conduit (L2) during a pre-cooling process of the cryoablation procedure to a threshold temperature; and freezing the fluid flowing from the return air recovery pipeline (L7) in the process of freezing in the ablation procedure to reach the threshold temperature; the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control temperature sensor (L8-3) participates in closed-loop control and is used for matching with the heating power of the adjustment system flow monitoring and recovery condition control heat exchanger (L8-2) to enable the fluid in the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe (L8-1) to reach the threshold temperature; if the fluid working medium cannot reach the threshold temperature after being heated, the gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7) is opened, and the fluid working medium is discharged to the atmosphere; the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flowmeter (L8-4) is mainly used for monitoring the freezing process in a freezing and melting program, and the fluid flow entering the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe (L8-1) from the return air recovery pipe (L7-1) participates in closed-loop control, is used for prejudging the freezing and melting effect, and is matched with pressure regulation to enable the freezing and melting effect to meet the expectation. The system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5), and the adjustment of the pumping power and the adjustment of the working pressure are used for further promoting smooth air return and enabling the cryoablation effect to reach the expectation. The system flow monitoring and recovery condition control one-way valve (L8-6) prevents reverse flow.

(9) A vacuum level creation conduit (i.e., a ninth conduit L9) connects the cryoablation device (CP) and the vacuum device (L9-3) for creating a high vacuum level for the cryoablation device (CP) to achieve a good vacuum insulation effect, comprising:

a vacuum degree creation tube (L9-1); the vacuum gauge (L9-2) is used for monitoring whether the vacuum degree meets the threshold requirement; the vacuum level creating pump set is used for creating high vacuum level, and the flexible cryoprobe has good vacuum insulation effect.

3) A cryoablation apparatus (CP) comprising a thermometric sensor and a heating element.

(1) The cryoablation device (CP) may be a flexible cryoprobe or the like, for performing a cryoablation procedure on a lesion after entering a body through a natural orifice, comprising:

structures for enhancing interventional cryoablation performance; a distal thermocouple (CP 1) of the cryoablation apparatus for monitoring the temperature within the cryoprobe and participating in closed-loop control; the distal end of the cryoablation device is a nickel-chromium wire used for the rewarming process in the cryoablation procedure.

The operation of the cryoablation system will be described with reference to fig. 10-15

The steps in the drawings are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, but the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the figures may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performance of the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

1) Starting a system, initializing, and reading a control threshold parameter stored in a memory; and simultaneously acquiring data of system sensors.

2) Firstly, the liquid level in a liquid working medium Dewar pressure container (C1) is judged, LLC1-2 lower Limit is a low liquid level early warning threshold value of the container, and a judgment program is executed:

if the current liquid level LLC1-2 \ CL of the liquid working medium level sensor (C1-2) is less than LLC1-2 \ u lower Limit, the system determines that the liquid level can not maintain the cryoablation program, namely the LLC1-2_lower Limit is the volume of liquid nitrogen required by the redundancy-containing primary cryoablation program. Then executing a liquid nitrogen supplementing program, and when LLC1-2 _CLis more than or equal to LLC1-2 _UpperLimit; and (5) ending liquid nitrogen canning.

If the current liquid level LLC1-2 _CLof the liquid working medium liquid level sensor (C1-2) is more than or equal to LLC1-2 _LowerLimit, the system considers that the cryoablation program can be executed.

3) Judging the pressure in a liquid working medium Dewar pressure container (C1), wherein PC1_ IWP is the pressure threshold value of the pressure container during initialization; executing a judging program:

if the current pressure PC1-1 \/CP of the liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1) is less than or equal to PC1_ IWP, the system considers that the pressure in the pressure container meets the pressure requirement during initialization, and can continue to execute the subsequent program; PC1_ IWP is the initialization pressure of the liquid working medium dewar pressure vessel (C1) prior to use in a cryoablation procedure, which is typically the pressure at which it would normally rest when the liquid working medium dewar pressure vessel (C1) is not in use. Note: the initialization pressure PC1_ IWP of the pressure vessel is less than the working pressure PC1_ WP of the liquid working medium Dewar pressure vessel.

If the current pressure PC1-1_CP of the liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1) is larger than PC1_ IWP, a pressure relief program is executed, and a pressure reduction electromagnetic valve (L3-2) for the cryoablation working pressure is opened for pressure relief until PC1-1 _CPis smaller than or equal to PC1_ IWP.

4) Judging the pressure in the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2), wherein PC2_ IWP is the pressure threshold value when the pressure container is initialized; executing a judgment program:

if the current pressure PC2-1 of the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is less than or equal to PC2_ IWP, the system considers that the pressure in the pressure container meets the pressure requirement during initialization, and can continue to execute the subsequent program; PC2_ IWP is the initialization pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) before the use of the cryoablation program, and the pressure is usually the gaseous working medium stored in the gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) after the last cryoablation program; because the gas of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is the gas for recovering the precooling process and the cryoablation process, the gas is output in the rewarming process, and in order to ensure the normal recovery of the next operation in the precooling and cryoablation processes, the PC2_ IWP of the pressure is less than the working pressure PC2_ WP of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2).

And if the current pressure PC2-1 xu CP of the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is larger than PC2_ IWP, executing a pressure relief program, and opening the gaseous working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2) for pressure relief until PC2-1 xu CP is less than or equal to PC2_ IWP.

5) Judging the pressure in the phase change pressure container (C3), wherein PC3_ IWP is the pressure threshold value of the pressure container during initialization; executing a judgment program:

if the current pressure PL5-2 xu CP of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is less than or equal to PC3_ IWP; the system considers the pressure within the pressure vessel to meet the pressure requirements at initialization and may proceed with the subsequent procedure. The pressure PC3_ IWP < the working pressure PC3_ WP in the phase change pressure vessel (C3).

If the current pressure PL5-2 xu CP of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is larger than PC3_ IWP, a pressure relief program is executed, and a phase change container pressure relief electromagnetic valve (L5-3) is opened for pressure relief until PL5-2 xu CP is smaller than or equal to PC3_ IWP.

6) Judging the current pressure PL5-2 \_CP of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is greater than the current pressure PC2-1_CP of the PC2-1_CP gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1), opening a gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve (L5-4), and setting the output pressure of a gaseous working medium output pressure control element (L5-5): PL5-5_SP _OUT > PC2-1_CP; at the moment, the gaseous working medium in the phase change pressure container (C3) enters a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2); until PL5-2_CP-PC2-1 _CPis less than delta P0, namely the pressure in the current phase change pressure container (C3) is equal to the pressure in the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2), closing the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve (L5-4); and the output of the gaseous working medium output pressure control element (L5-5) is cut off. The gaseous working medium of the phase-change pressure container (C3) is utilized, and the utilization rate is improved.

7-1) opening a liquid refrigerant output valve (L1-2), firstly entering a precooling program of a cryoablation process, and enabling all elements in a precooling fluid recovery pipeline (L2) and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8) to enter working states. And opening a precooling fluid recovery electromagnetic valve (L2-2), and controlling the start of a heat exchanger (L8-2) by system flow monitoring and recovery conditions.

The system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flow meter (L8-4) and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pumping booster pump (L8-5) have limits on fluid temperature, so the system sets a temperature threshold value: TL 8-2. Cndot. ET _ Lower Limit: system flow monitoring and recovery conditions control the first heat exchange temperature of the heat exchanger and TL8-2_et upper Limit: the system flow monitoring and recovery condition controls a second heat exchange temperature of the heat exchanger; corresponding to the lower limit of the temperature range and the upper limit of the temperature range, respectively.

If: the system flow monitoring and recovery condition controls the current fluid temperature collected by a temperature sensor (L8-3):

TL8-3 \/CT is more than or equal to TL8-2_ET _ lower _ Limit and TL8-3_ CT is less than or equal to TL8-2_ET _ upper _ Limit; and the gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7) is closed, and fluid enters the gas working medium pressure container (C2) for pressurization through the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flow meter (L8-4) and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5).

If: TL8-3 \/CT < TL8-2 \/ET _LowerLimit | | TL8-3_CT > TL8-2_ET _Upperlimit; and opening a gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7). And calling a fuzzy self-setting PID temperature control algorithm, closing a gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7) after the temperature meets the condition that TL8-3 [ U CT is more than or equal to TL8-2 [ U ET ] lower Limit and TL8-3 [ U CT is less than or equal to TL8-2 [ U ET ] upper Limit, and controlling a flow meter (L8-4) and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5) to enter a gas working medium pressure container (C2) for boosting through the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flow meter (L8-4).

The cycle of the above steps is pressurized to event: the pre-cooling threshold temperature of the current temperature TL1-5 < u CT-TL1-5 < u PT pre-cooling collected by the liquid refrigerant output pipeline temperature sensor (L1-5) is less than Delta T0| (or the current pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) of the second pressurization closing pressure PC2_ PB _ CV-PC2-1 < u CP of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2-2) occurs.

If TL1-5 \/CT-TL 1-5 \/PT < [ delta ] T0 occurs in the OR logic, the precooling process is finished, the liquid refrigerant output valve (L1-2) is closed, the system delayer is started, and a time delay interval delta T is set, so that residual fluid in the liquid refrigerant output pipeline (L1) and the precooling fluid recovery pipeline (L2) enters the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) after the liquid refrigerant output valve (L1-2) is closed; the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5) is then turned off.

If TL1-5 \ -CT-TL 1-5_PT <. DELTA.T 0 is NO, then the event PC2_ PB _ CV-PC2-1_CP <. DELTA.P 0 must have occurred; the pressure in the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) meets the pressurization requirement; therefore, the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5) is closed; opening a gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7) to discharge the fluid in the pipeline into the atmosphere until an event TL1-5 \/CT-TL 1-5 \/PT < [ delta ] T0 occurs, and achieving a precooling condition;

then closing the liquid refrigerant output valve (L1-2), starting a system time delay device, and delaying for an interval delta t to ensure that residual fluid in the liquid refrigerant output pipeline (L1) and the precooling fluid recovery pipeline (L2) enters a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) after the liquid refrigerant output valve (L1-2) is closed; the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5) is then turned off.

Next, judging the pressure condition of the gas working medium pressure container (C2), and opening a gas working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2) for pressure relief when the current pressure of a second pressure reduction opening threshold value PC2_ RP _ OV-PC2-1 \/CP gas working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is less than delta P0; and closing the gaseous working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2) until the second pressure reduction closing threshold value < [ delta ] P0 of the current pressure PC2-1 \ -PC2_ RP _ CV of the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1).

7-2) judging that the current pressure PL5-2 (u CP) of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is more than or equal to the current pressure PC1-1 (u CP) of the PC1-1 (u CP) liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1); opening a pressure relief solenoid valve (L5-3) of the phase change container, and when the current pressure PL5-2 \ -CP-atm of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is smaller than delta P0& liquid level sensor (C3-4) and the first liquid level closing threshold LLC3-4 \ -CV-LLC 3-4 \ -CL is used, the current liquid level value of a liquid level sensor (C3-4) of the phase change pressure container (C3-4) is smaller than delta L0; and closing the pressure relief electromagnetic valve (L5-3) of the phase change container, and starting the phase change heating device (C3-2) for heating.

If the current pressure PL5-2 \\/CP < PC1-1 \/CP & & phase change pressure container (C3) liquid level sensor (C3-4) of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is judged, the current liquid level value LLC3-4 \/CL < LLC3-4 \/lower Limit liquid level sensor (C3-4) is judged to be a first low liquid level threshold value; opening a phase change container pressure relief solenoid valve (L5-3), and when the current pressure PL5-2 \ u CP-atm \ & & delta P0& & a liquid level sensor (C3-4) of a phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is in a first liquid level closing threshold LLC3-4 \ -u CV-LLC3-4 \ -u CL, the current liquid level value of a liquid level sensor (C3-4) of the phase change pressure container (C3) is less than delta L0; and closing the pressure relief electromagnetic valve (L5-3) of the phase change container, and starting the phase change heating device (C3-2) for heating.

7-2-2) if the current pressure PL5-2 \\/CP of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is judged to be less than the PC1-1 \/CP & & phase change pressure container (C3) liquid level sensor (C3-4), the current liquid level value LLC3-4 \/CL is more than or equal to the LLC3-4 \/lower Limit liquid level sensor (C3-4) first low liquid level threshold, starting heating by the phase change heating device (C3-2).

After the phase change heating device (C3-2) is started, if the current pressure PL5-2 _CPof the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is larger than a third supercharging Lower Limit threshold of PC3_ PB _ Lower _ Limit; and the current temperature TC3-5 \\/CT < TC3-5 \/upper Limit collected by the temperature sensor (C3-5): a temperature sensor (C3-5) first high temperature threshold; the phase change heating device (C3-2) continues heating.

Until: the current pressure of the collected current temperature TC3-5 \/CT is more than or equal to a first high-temperature threshold of a TC3-5 \/upper Limit temperature sensor (C3-5) or the current pressure of a third pressurization closing threshold PC3_ PB _ CV-PL5-2 \/CP variable pressure transmitter (L5-2) <deltaP 0; the heating device (C3-2) is changed to stop heating.

If the current pressure PL5-2 (CP) of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is less than or equal to the third Lower pressure-increasing threshold of PC3_ PB _ Lower Limit and the current temperature TC3-5 (CT) acquired by the temperature sensor (C3-5) is more than or equal to the first high temperature threshold of the TC3-5 upper Limit temperature sensor (C3-5), stopping heating, and if the current pressure is invalid, re-executing the pressure-increasing process. Otherwise, heating is continued until one of the above-mentioned determination conditions occurs.

When the device meets the requirement and the current pressure of the current temperature TC3-5 \ CT ≧ TC3-5 \ upper Limit temperature sensor (C3-5) which is acquired by the temperature sensor (C3-5) is less than delta P0 of the first high temperature threshold or the third boost closing threshold PC3_ PB _ CV-PL5-2 \ CP variable pressure transmitter (L5-2), an output program is executed. The gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve (L5-4) is opened, and the output pressure of the gaseous working medium output pressure control element (L5-5) is set as follows: PL5-5_SP _OUT > PC2-1_CP; at the moment, the gaseous working medium in the phase change pressure container (C3) enters a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2); until the current pressure PL5-2 \\ -PC3_ PB _ OV third pressurization opening threshold value < delta P0| (or) the current pressure PL5-2 \ -PC2-1 \/CP gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) of the variable pressure transmitter (L5-2) is subjected to pressure increase, the limitation is determined by a controller, after the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is gradually pressurized, the PC2-1 \/CP is gradually increased, but the requirement of the pressure controller is that the upstream pressure should be greater than the downstream pressure, so the controller should have the logic | (or) the second pressurization closing pressure PC2_ PB _ CV-PC 2-1/CP gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) closes the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve (L5-4) and shuts off the gaseous working medium output pressure control element (L5-5 \/V) when the current pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is less than delta P0.

The boosting process described above may be cycled through multiple cycles until the event: the current pressure of the second pressurization closing pressure PC2_ PB _ CV-PC2-1_ CP gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) occurs less than delta P0, which represents the end of the initialization pressurization process of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2).

In order to prevent the pressure in the phase change pressure vessel C3 from being high when stopped, a pressure relief judgment is introduced: and (3) opening a third pressure reduction opening threshold value < [ delta ] P0 of the phase change pressure container (C3) with the current pressure PL5-2 \\/CP-PC 3_ RP _ OV of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2), opening a phase change container pressure reduction electromagnetic valve (L5-3), and closing the phase change container pressure reduction electromagnetic valve (L5-3) when the third pressure reduction closing threshold value < [ delta ] P0 of the phase change pressure container (C3) with the current pressure PL5-2 \/CP-PC 3_ RP _ CV of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2). To prevent excessive pressure in C3.

Then, judging the pressure condition of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2), and opening a gaseous working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2) to relieve pressure when the current pressure of a second pressure reduction opening threshold value PC2_ RP _ OV-PC2-1 \\\ CP gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is less than delta P0; and closing the gaseous working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2) until the second pressure reduction closing threshold value < [ delta ] P0 of the current pressure PC2-1 \ -PC2_ RP _ CV of the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1).

8) After the process, the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) meets the working pressure requirement: PC2_ WP; the phase-change pressure container (C3) also meets the working pressure requirement; PC3_ WP; the liquid cryogen output line (L1) has achieved adequate pre-cooling.

Therefore, the method has the following requirements of the cryoablation procedure, detects or accesses the system consumables, and enters a liquid working medium Dewar pressure container (C1) to build pressure and replace gas in the consumables after the system accesses the consumables.

9) Opening a replacement and rewarming electromagnetic valve (L6-2) and entering a replacement program; the purpose of replacement is to replace air and moisture in the internal pipeline of the consumable into gas working medium in the gas working medium pressure container (C2) before the freezing process. Starting a replacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3), and heating the temperature of the replacement gas to room temperature after a fuzzy self-setting PID temperature control algorithm, namely meeting the condition that TL6-4_CT-room temperature is less than delta T0; and the gas enters a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8) after passing through a return gas recovery pipeline (L7). Then, a recovery flow similar to a precooling process is utilized to enter a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) as follows:

the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flow meter (L8-4) and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pumping booster pump (L8-5) have limits on fluid temperature, so the system sets a temperature threshold value: TL8-2_ET _lowerLimit: system flow monitoring and recovery conditions control the first heat exchange temperature of the heat exchanger and TL8-2_ET upper Limit: the system flow monitoring and recovery condition controls a second heat exchange temperature of the heat exchanger; corresponding to the lower limit of the temperature range and the upper limit of the temperature range, respectively.

TL8-3 \/CT is more than or equal to TL8-2_ET _ lower _ Limit and TL8-3_ CT is less than or equal to TL8-2_ET _ upper _ Limit; and closing the gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7), and controlling a flow meter (L8-4) by the system flow monitoring and recovery condition and controlling an extraction booster pump (L8-5) to enter a gas working medium pressure container (C2) for boosting by the system flow monitoring and recovery condition.

The displacement process is output from the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) and then flows back to the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2); the process does not cause drastic changes in pressure, so the process does not make pressure judgments. In addition, the whole replacement process is maintained for a time Δ t1.

The replacement process is ended and Probe _ ZH _ Flag is transmitted.

10 Raising the liquid working medium Dewar pressure container (C1) to working pressure; opening a cryoablation working pressure boosting electromagnetic valve (L4-2); setting an output pressure PL4-3_SP _OUT > PC1_ PB _ CV first boost initialization off threshold of a cryoablation working pressure control element (L4-3); thereby make gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) pass through cryoablation working pressure boost pipe way (L4) to liquid working medium dewar pressure vessel (C1) pressure boost, until: first boost initialization closing threshold PC1_ PB _ CV-PC1-1 _CPliquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1)

The current pressure collected is less than delta P0; and (3) after the pressurization of the liquid working medium Dewar pressure container (C1) is finished, closing the cryoablation working pressure pressurization electromagnetic valve (L4-2) and turning off the cryoablation working pressure control element (L4-3).

And (3) finishing pressure building before the liquid working medium Dewar pressure vessel (C1) is ablated, and sending PC1_ PreCyro _ Flag.

11-1) when the event: probe _ ZH _ Flag = =1& & PC1_ precero _ Flag = =1 occurrence and cryoablation is ready. Waiting for an event: probe _ Cyro _ Star = =1; setting a cryoablation delay time: Δ t2; opening a liquid refrigerant output valve (L1-2); starting a cryoablation timer 2; when the cryoablation time length is delta t2, the freezing process of the Cycle is finished, and the cryocycle times Cryo _ Cycle + + are obtained in the cryoablation process; the liquid cryogen output valve (L1-2) is then closed. The freezing process of this cryoablation cycle is ended.

11-2) starting a rewarming process of the cryoablation cycle, starting a replacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3), and meeting the temperature of rewarming gas after a fuzzy self-tuning PID temperature control algorithm: TL6-4 \/CT < TL6-3_RW _. Uper Limit & & TL6-3_RW _ Lower Limit < TL6-4 _/CT. Then, starting a temperature recovery timer3, and when the temperature recovery time in the cryoablation is delta t3, resetting the Cycle number Cryo _ Cycle + + in the cryoablation process; then closing the electromagnetic valve L6-2; the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3) is shut down.

After one freezing and rewarming cycle, judging an event:

Cryo_Cycle＝＝Cryo_Set&&ReWarm_Cycle＝＝RW_Set

when it occurs, it indicates the end of the cryocycle, otherwise, it continues to perform the cryoablation procedure.

11-3) in the process, a recovery process is executed, and the gas enters a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8) after passing through a return gas recovery pipeline (L7).

Then, a recovery flow similar to a precooling process is utilized to enter a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) as follows:

the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flow meter (L8-4) and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pumping booster pump (L8-5) have limits on fluid temperature, so the system sets a temperature threshold value: TL 8-2. Cndot. ET _ Lower Limit: system flow monitoring and recovery conditions control the first heat exchange temperature of the heat exchanger and TL8-2_et upper Limit: the system flow monitoring and recovery condition controls a second heat exchange temperature of the heat exchanger; are respectively provided with

The lower limit of the temperature range corresponds to the upper limit of the temperature range.

If: the system flow monitoring and recovery condition controls the current fluid temperature collected by a temperature sensor (L8-3): TL8-3 \/CT is more than or equal to TL8-2 \/ET _LowerLimit & & TL8-3 _CTis less than or equal to TL8-2_ET _upperLimit; and the gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7) is closed, and fluid enters the gas working medium pressure container (C2) for pressurization through the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flow meter (L8-4) and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5).

If: TL8-3 \/CT < TL8-2_ET _LowerLimit | | TL8-3_CT > TL8-2_ET _uppererLimit; and opening a gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7).

And calling a fuzzy self-setting PID temperature control algorithm, closing a gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7) after the temperature meets the condition that TL8-3 [ U CT is more than or equal to TL8-2 [ U ET ] lower Limit and TL8-3 [ U CT is less than or equal to TL8-2 [ U ET ] upper Limit, and controlling a flow meter (L8-4) and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5) to enter a gas working medium pressure container (C2) for boosting through the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flow meter (L8-4). When the event occurs: when PC2_ PB _ CV-PC2-1_CP < [ delta ] P0, the recovered fluid does not enter the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) and is discharged to the atmosphere from a bypass; when the event:

Cryo_Cycle＝＝Cryo_Set&&ReWarm_Cycle＝＝RW_Set

when it happens, it indicates the end of the freezing cycle, otherwise, it continues to execute.

When the cryoablation starts, the vacuum equipment (L9-3) starts to work, and the vacuum degree is set vacuum; until the cryoablation procedure is completed.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features. When technical features in different embodiments are represented in the same drawing, it can be seen that the drawing also discloses a combination of the embodiments concerned.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present application, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. The rewarming system for the cryoablation is characterized by comprising a second pressure container and a sixth pipeline, wherein the sixth pipeline is used for communicating the second pressure container with the cryoablation equipment; the sixth duct includes:

and the replacement and rewarming one-way valve is arranged on the replacement and rewarming pipe to limit reverse flow.

2. A rewarming system for cryoablation according to claim 1, wherein a rewarming temperature sensor is arranged downstream of said replacement and rewarming heat exchanger, said replacement and rewarming heat exchanger being controlled accordingly.

3. A rewarming system for cryoablation according to claim 2, wherein the second pressure vessel is provided with a second pressure transmitter and a gaseous working medium pressure relief valve, the second pressure transmitter being configured to monitor the pressure in the second pressure vessel and to control the gaseous working medium pressure relief valve accordingly.

4. A rewarming system for cryoablation according to claim 3, wherein a heating element is provided in the cryoablation apparatus.

5. A rewarming system for cryoablation according to claim 4 further comprising a seventh conduit and an eighth conduit communicating with each other, one end of said seventh conduit being connected to the outlet of the cryoablation apparatus and one end of said eighth conduit being connected to the second pressure vessel.

6. A rewarming system for cryoablation according to claim 5, wherein said seventh conduit comprises:

7. A rewarming system for cryoablation according to claim 6, wherein said eighth conduit comprises:

and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition one-way valve is arranged on the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe to limit reverse flow.

8. A rewarming system for cryoablation according to claim 7, wherein said eighth conduit further comprises:

and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control temperature sensor is used for acquiring the temperature of the fluid in the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe and correspondingly controlling the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control heat exchanger.

9. A rewarming system for cryoablation according to claim 8, wherein the upstream side of said system flow monitoring and recovery condition extraction booster pump is provided with a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flow meter.

10. The rewarming system for cryoablation of claim 9, wherein a gas working medium recovery release valve is disposed on the upstream side of the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flowmeter, and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control temperature sensor controls the opening and closing of the gas working medium recovery release valve accordingly.