CN114526444A

CN114526444A - Rewarming control method based on cryoablation system

Info

Publication number: CN114526444A
Application number: CN202111650027.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡艳艳; 王晓钫; 项腾; 徐宏
Original assignee: Hangzhou Kunbo Biotechnology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Kunbo Biotechnology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-30
Filing date: 2021-12-30
Publication date: 2022-05-24
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-30
Also published as: CN114526441B; CN114699160A; CN114376711A; CN114711944A; CN217960278U; CN218494750U; CN218420016U; CN217503347U; CN114521953A; CN114526444B; CN114504372A; CN114526441A; CN114719183A; CN114636102A; CN114636102B; CN218075189U

Abstract

The application provides a rewarming control method based on a cryoablation system, wherein the cryoablation system comprises a cryoablation device, a first pressure container, a second pressure container and a third pressure container, wherein the first pressure container is used for storing liquid working media and is connected with the cryoablation device through a first pipeline; the second pressure container is used for storing gaseous working media; the rewarming control method comprises the steps of shutting off the output of the liquid working medium in the first pressure container; and outputting the heated gaseous working medium to the cryoablation equipment through a sixth pipeline provided with a replacement and rewarming heat exchanger by utilizing the second pressure container. The rewarming efficiency during the cryoablation is improved.

Description

Rewarming control method based on cryoablation system

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a rewarming control method based on a cryoablation system.

Background

In the course of combating cancer, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical treatment have become three common approaches to the treatment of malignant tumors, and tumor immunotherapy is also under intense research. Minimally invasive treatment of tumors is an important supplement to surgical treatment, wherein physical ablation is increasingly applied to various treatment means of tumors, including microwave, freezing, laser, radio frequency, high-power focused ultrasound and the like, so as to necrose cancer tissues.

In the early 20 th century, the rapid development of industry and science and technology, and the refrigeration substances such as concentrated oxygen, liquid oxygen, concentrated nitrogen, liquid nitrogen, dry ice and the like are successfully prepared in the progress of the industrial science and technology, so that the step of commercial development is accelerated, a new place of medical refrigeration is opened up, and the application of the low-temperature technology in medical treatment is promoted. Various refrigeration technologies have been developed in the continuing progress of low-temperature science, and gas throttling technology, phase-change cooling, vapor pressure absorption refrigeration, thermoelectric refrigeration and the like are main refrigeration schemes used in modern medicine.

Most of the existing cryoablation systems only use heating wires in cryoablation equipment to rewarm, and the rewarming efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The application discloses a rewarming control method based on a cryoablation system, which can effectively improve rewarming efficiency in the cryoablation process.

The application relates to a rewarming control method based on a cryoablation system, which comprises the following steps:

a cryoablation device;

the first pressure container is used for storing liquid working media and is connected with the cryoablation equipment through a first pipeline;

the second pressure container is used for storing gaseous working media;

the rewarming control method comprises the following steps:

the output of the liquid working medium in the first pressure container is cut off;

and outputting the heated gaseous working medium to the cryoablation equipment through a sixth pipeline provided with a replacement and rewarming heat exchanger by utilizing the second pressure container.

Several alternatives are provided below, but not as an additional limitation to the above general solution, but merely as a further addition or preference, each alternative being combinable individually for the above general solution or among several alternatives without technical or logical contradictions.

Optionally, the rewarming is stopped when the temperature of the cryoablation device is 60-80 ℃.

Optionally, a replacement and rewarming solenoid valve is configured on the sixth pipeline, after the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger is started, a fourth current temperature of the heated gaseous working medium is obtained, and after the fourth current temperature meets a preset condition, the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger and the replacement and rewarming solenoid valve are closed in a delayed manner.

Optionally, the cryoablation apparatus includes a heating component therein, and the rewarming method further includes:

and starting a heating part in the cryoablation equipment, and heating the gaseous working medium in the cryoablation equipment.

Optionally, a fifth current temperature in the cryoablation apparatus is obtained and the heating element is controlled accordingly.

Optionally, a second current pressure of the second pressure vessel is obtained, and the second current pressure and the fifth current temperature participate in controlling the heating component.

Optionally, the cryoablation system further comprises a third pressure vessel arranged in the first pressure vessel and used for changing the liquid working medium into the gaseous working medium;

the rewarming control method comprises the following steps:

precooling the working medium pair passing through the first pipeline and the cryoablation equipment by using a liquid working medium pair in a first pressure container, and simultaneously recovering the working medium flowing back in the first pipeline and the cryoablation equipment by using a second pressure container;

after precooling, outputting gaseous working media to the second pressure container and to the first pressure container through the second pressure container by using the third pressure container, and adjusting the pressure of the first pressure container and the second pressure container to build pressure;

after pressure building, utilizing the gaseous working medium in the second pressure container to replace the interior of the cryoablation equipment;

and after replacement, outputting liquid working medium to the cryoablation equipment through the first pressure container to start cryoablation.

Optionally, during cryoablation:

acquiring a first current pressure of the first pressure container, communicating the first pressure container with the second pressure container if the first current pressure is lower than a first pressure preset value, and maintaining the pressure in the first pressure container within a first working pressure range interval through the second pressure container;

and a second current pressure of the second pressure container is obtained, if the second current pressure is lower than a second pressure preset value, the second pressure container is communicated with the third pressure container, and the pressure of the second pressure container is maintained through the gaseous working medium from the third pressure container.

Optionally, in the processes of starting cryoablation and cryoablation, the second pressure container recovers the working medium flowing back from the cryoablation apparatus.

Optionally, the returned working medium is sequentially input into the second pressure vessel through a seventh pipeline and an eighth pipeline; a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control heat exchanger are arranged in the eighth pipeline;

during recovery, according to the pressure in the second pressure container, the pumping booster pump is correspondingly controlled to be adjusted by utilizing the system flow monitoring and recovery conditions;

and correspondingly controlling the heat exchanger to adjust by utilizing the system flow monitoring and the recovery condition according to the temperature of the working medium in the eighth pipeline during recovery.

According to the rewarming control method based on cryoablation, gaseous working media can be stably output through the second pressure container, the gaseous working media are further heated and then conveyed to the cryoablation equipment, and the rewarming efficiency is improved by matching with a heating part in the cryoablation equipment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cryoablation system according to the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a liquid cryogen tube-in-tube configuration;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a liquid refrigerant tube gas-liquid separation device;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a liquid cryogen delivery valve;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a liquid cryogen vessel configuration;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a phase change pressure vessel;

FIGS. 7A and 7B are schematic structural views of two embodiments of a liquid working medium one-way circulation device;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a liquid working medium one-way circulation device;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a computer device;

FIGS. 10-15 are flow charts of methods, and the connection relationship between the drawings can be referred to the corresponding marks of the boundary parts;

fig. 16 is a flow chart of a rewarming control method based on a cryoablation system according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the present application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

The application provides a rewarming control method based on a cryoablation system, the cryoablation system comprises:

a cryoablation device;

the second pressure container is used for storing gaseous working media;

the cryoablation and the rewarming are performed alternately, and the number of the alternation is about 2-6.

The method also comprises the step of carrying out rewarming control during the interval of the cryoablation, and the rewarming control method comprises the following steps:

and outputting the heated gaseous working medium to the cryoablation equipment by utilizing the second pressure container through a sixth pipeline provided with the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger. Wherein the temperature of the cryoablation equipment is stopped from being rewarming when the temperature is 60-80 ℃.

Referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a rewarming system for cryoablation, comprising a gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) and a replacement and rewarming conduit (L6), the replacement and rewarming conduit (L6) being used for communicating the gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) with cryoablation equipment; the replacement and rewarming line (L6) comprises:

one end of the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1) is communicated with the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2), and the other end of the replacement and rewarming pipe is communicated with the cryoablation equipment and can convey the gaseous working medium in the gaseous working medium pressure container to the cryoablation equipment (CP);

the replacement and rewarming electromagnetic valve (L6-2) is arranged on the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1) and controls the on-off of the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1);

the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3) is used for heating the gas working medium in the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1);

and the replacement and rewarming one-way valve (L6-5) is arranged on the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1) to limit backflow.

Wherein, a temperature recovery temperature sensor (L6-4) is arranged at the downstream side of the replacement and temperature recovery heat exchanger, and the replacement and temperature recovery heat exchanger (L6-3) is correspondingly controlled.

In one embodiment, the cryoablation system further comprises a third pressure vessel arranged in the first pressure vessel and used for changing the liquid working medium into the gaseous working medium; wherein initiating cryoablation comprises:

precooling the liquid working medium pair in the first pressure container through a first pipeline and a cryoablation device, and simultaneously recovering the working medium which flows back in the first pipeline and the cryoablation device through a second pressure container;

after precooling, outputting gaseous working media to the second pressure container and to the first pressure container through the second pressure container by using the third pressure container, adjusting the pressure of the first pressure container and the second pressure container and building pressure on the second pressure container;

after replacement, outputting liquid working medium to the cryoablation equipment through the first pressure container to start cryoablation;

during the cryoablation process:

In this embodiment, the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3) of the replacement and rewarming pipeline (L6) may heat the fluid working medium passing through the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1), and the rewarming temperature sensor (L6-4) monitors whether the fluid working medium in the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1) reaches a threshold temperature (fourth current temperature); opening and closing a displacement and rewarming electromagnetic valve (L6-2) to control the fluid working medium in the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) to enter a displacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1); a replacement and rewarming one-way valve (L6-5) prevents reflux of fluid into the cryoablation apparatus (CP). The replacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3) heats the fluid working medium entering the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1) to the rewarming temperature in the rewarming process of the cryoablation procedure; the rewarming temperature is greater than the rewarming lower threshold and less than the rewarming upper threshold; the temperature detected by the rewarming temperature sensor (L6-4) in the rewarming process of the cryoablation procedure participates in closed-loop control, and the heating power of the rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3) is adjusted to enable the detected rewarming temperature to meet the following requirements: the lower rewarming threshold value is less than the rewarming temperature and less than the upper rewarming threshold value; during the replacement process in the cryoablation procedure, the rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3) is not operated, and the process does not heat the fluid working medium entering the replacement and rewarming tube (L6-1). Meanwhile, the far end of the cryoablation device CP (flexible cryoprobe) is provided with a heating part (heatable nickel-chromium wire) for matching with the rewarming process in the cryoablation procedure.

The gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is internally provided with a pressure sensor C2-1, the cryoablation device CP is internally provided with a temperature sensor, the fifth current temperature of the gaseous working medium in the cryoablation device CP is monitored, the output quantity of the rewarming nitrogen gas during rewarming is calculated based on the pressure detected by the pressure sensor, the heat output during rewarming is calculated by combining the nitrogen gas temperature measured and calculated by the temperature sensor, and then the heating efficiency of the nickel-chromium wire is controlled according to the heat output efficiency obtained by real-time calculation, so that the heat output during rewarming is constant. This embodiment adopts the mode that temperature-returning nitrogen gas and nichrome wire heating combine, through the detection to temperature and pressure in the equipment, adjusts the unstable phenomenon of temperature-returning of nichrome wire heating to the temperature-returning gas and compensates. Realize stable and efficient temperature return, reduce operation time and improve operation effect.

The rewarming system further comprises an air return recovery pipeline (L7) and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8), wherein the air return recovery pipeline (L7) and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline are mutually communicated, one end of the air return recovery pipeline (L7) is connected to an outlet of the cryoablation equipment, and one end of the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8) is communicated to the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2).

The air return recovery pipeline (L7) comprises an air return recovery pipe (L7-1), one end of the air return recovery pipe (L7-1) is connected to the outlet of the cryoablation equipment, and the other end of the air return recovery pipe is communicated with the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8); the return air recovery pipe (L7-1) is provided with a one-way valve (L7-2) for limiting reverse flow.

The system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8) comprises a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe (L8-1), one end of the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe (L8-1) is communicated with a return gas recovery pipe (L7-1), the other end of the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe is communicated to a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2), and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition extraction booster pump (L8-5) and a backflow limiting system flow monitoring and recovery condition check valve (L8-6) are further arranged on the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe.

The system flow rate monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8) further includes:

a system flow rate monitoring and recovery condition controlling heat exchanger (L8-2) on an upstream side of the system flow rate monitoring and recovery condition extraction booster pump (L8-5) and thermally coupled to the system flow rate monitoring and recovery condition controlling pipe (L8-1);

and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control temperature sensor (L8-3) for acquiring the fluid temperature in the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe (L8-1) and controlling the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control heat exchanger (L8-2) correspondingly.

With reference to fig. 1, the present application provides a working medium precooling system for cryoablation, including a first pressure vessel (i.e., liquid working medium pressure vessel C1), a second pressure vessel (i.e., gaseous working medium pressure vessel C2), a first pipeline (i.e., liquid refrigerant output pipeline L1), and a second pipeline (i.e., precooled fluid recovery pipeline L2). The first pressure container is used for storing liquid-phase freezing working medium, the second pressure container is used for storing gaseous working medium, and the second pipeline is connected between the first pressure container and the second pressure container; the first pipeline is connected between the first pressure container and the cryoablation device (CP) and used for conveying liquid-phase frozen working medium to the cryoablation device in the ablation process, the first pipeline is of an inner-outer double-layer structure, and during precooling, the liquid-phase cold working medium sequentially flows through an inner layer (namely, a flow inlet channel L1-1-3) of the first pipeline, an outer layer (namely, a backflow channel L1-1-2) of the first pipeline and the second pipeline from the first pressure container until reaching the second pressure container. Therefore, one end of the second pipeline is connected to the outer layer of the first pipeline, so that the working medium can be cooled to the inner layer of the whole first pipeline and then flows to the second pressure container to be recovered. The cooling mode of the precooling system is that the inner layer, the outer layer and the like passing through are cooled by depending on the liquid freezing working medium, and precooling can be stopped until the temperature of at least the inner layer meets the preset condition z. When the cryoablation is carried out, the corresponding working medium is output from the inner layer and enters the cryoablation equipment, compared with the existing cryoablation technology, the temperature difference between the temperature of the inner layer and the working medium is reduced or is 0, the gasification amount of the liquid cryoablation working medium is greatly reduced, the air blockage phenomenon is eliminated, and the stability and the safety of the operation are improved. And the working medium on the outer layer can form an isolation layer to block the inner working medium from exchanging heat with the air outside the first pipeline, so that the time of the cryoablation operation is prolonged.

It should be noted that it is not important that the working medium undergoes a state change after or before entering the second pressure vessel, and the key point is a flow path of the working medium, for example, the working medium in the precooling process can be recovered to the second pressure vessel for storage, which is economical and environment-friendly.

Wherein one end of the first conduit adjacent to the first pressure vessel is a first end and one end adjacent to the cryoablation device is a second end; the inner layer of the first pipeline is communicated with the first pressure container at the first end and is communicated with the cryoablation device at the second end, and the outer layer of the first pipeline is communicated with the second pipeline at the first end and is communicated with the inner layer of the first pipeline at the second end. The isolation layer covers the whole inner layer, and the gasification amount of the working medium is further reduced.

In one embodiment, the first pipeline is provided with a first output valve (namely, a liquid refrigerant output valve L1-2), the first output valve is provided with an output channel (L1-2-1) communicated with the inner layer and a return channel (L1-2-2) communicated with the outer layer, and the opening and closing of the first output valve control the opening and closing of the output channel and the return channel. Wherein the liquid cryogen output valve (L1-2) comprises two pairs of input-output channels, a first input-output channel (corresponding to output channel L1-2-1) and a second input-output channel (corresponding to return channel L1-2-2); the first input-output passage communicates with a liquid refrigerant pipe inflow passage (L1-1-3); the second input-output passage communicates with a liquid refrigerant pipe return passage (L1-1-2); a first input-output channel for supply of liquid cryogen; the second inlet-outlet passage is used to pre-cool the valve body of the liquid cryogen outlet valve (L1-2). When the liquid refrigerant outlet valve (L1-2) is in an open state, the fluid in the liquid refrigerant pipe inlet passage (L1-1-3) of the liquid refrigerant pipe (L1-1) dynamically flows into and flows out of the first input-output passage.

In this embodiment, a second solenoid valve (i.e., a precooled fluid recovery solenoid valve L2-2) for controlling on/off of the second pipeline is disposed on the second pipeline. In a precooling procedure of a cryoablation process, a precooling fluid recovery solenoid valve (L2-2) is in an open state, and backflow fluid in a liquid refrigerant pipe backflow channel (L1-1-2) dynamically flows into and out of a second input-output channel; after the precooling program of the cryoablation process is finished, the precooled fluid recovery solenoid valve (L2-2) is in a closed state, the backflow fluid in the liquid refrigerant pipe backflow channel (L1-1-2) stops flowing, and the fluid in the second input-output channel stops flowing.

In one embodiment, the first pressure vessel is configured with a first liquid level sensor for acquiring a first current liquid level, and the first output valve is allowed to open when the first current liquid level meets a preset condition. Avoiding the occurrence of flow interruption during precooling or cryoablation.

In another embodiment, a first temperature sensor is disposed on the first pipe adjacent to the second end for acquiring a first current temperature of the inner layer, preferably the first current temperature is the temperature of the inner layer at the first end; and when the first current temperature meets the preset condition, precooling is finished, and the first output valve and the second electromagnetic valve are closed.

In one embodiment, a safety relief valve (L1-3) is provided on the outer layer of the first conduit. The liquid refrigerant pipe backflow channel (L1-1-2) is characterized in that backflow fluid in the liquid refrigerant pipe backflow channel (L1-1-2) dynamically flows in a precooling program in a cryoablation process, and the backflow fluid in the liquid refrigerant pipe backflow channel (L1-1-2) stops flowing after the precooling program in the cryoablation process is finished; after the return fluid in the liquid cryogen tube return passage (L1-1-2) ceases to flow, the fluid pressure within the layer should be limited to within the operating pressure range; the safety pressure relief valve (L1-3) prevents the pressure in the liquid refrigerant pipe backflow channel (L1-1-2) from being too high, and when the pressure is higher than the threshold pressure of the liquid refrigerant pipe backflow channel, the safety pressure relief valve (L1-3) is opened and releases the pressure; when the pressure is lower than the liquid refrigerant pipe return channel threshold pressure, the safety relief valve (L1-3) is closed.

In another embodiment, during pre-cooling, the liquid-phase cold working medium further enters the cryoablation apparatus from the second end of the inner layer of the first pipeline, the working medium pre-cooling system further includes a seventh pipeline (i.e., the return gas recovery pipeline L7), and the liquid-phase frozen working medium sequentially flows through the inner layer of the first pipeline, the cryoablation apparatus, the seventh pipeline from the first pressure vessel to the second pressure vessel. The internal pipeline of the cryoablation equipment is also cooled, so that the phenomenon of air blockage in the cryoablation equipment is avoided. And the working medium in the precooling process can be recycled to the second pressure container.

In one embodiment, the second pressure vessel is connected to the first pressure vessel via a fourth conduit (i.e., cryoablation working pressure pressurization conduit L4) having a controlled element disposed thereon, the controlled element being switched on and off accordingly in accordance with a desired condition so that the pressures of the first and second pressure vessels are balanced. And when the expected condition is that the first current pressure in the first pressure container is lower than a preset value, the fourth pipeline is communicated, so that the gaseous working medium in the second pressure container flows into the first pressure container to maintain the pressure of the first pressure container within a working pressure range, and the liquid-phase freezing working medium can be continuously output. The controlled element is a fourth pressure control element and a fourth electromagnetic valve which are sequentially connected in series between the second pressure container and the first pressure container. And the fourth electromagnetic valve is opened when the first current pressure reaches the first pressure preset value, the second pressure container is communicated with the first pressure container, and the fourth pressure control element automatically controls the output pressure of the fourth pressure control element to be smaller than the input pressure of the fourth pressure control element.

The seventh pipeline and the second pipeline are connected to the second pressure container through a booster pump (L8-5) to increase the working medium pressure in the seventh pipeline and the second pipeline and then convey the working medium pressure to the second pressure container. So that the working fluid can circulate. When the precooling is finished (when the first current temperature meets the preset condition), the booster pump is turned off in a delayed mode. So that the working medium in the second pipeline and the seventh pipeline is recycled before the cryoablation. Wherein the delayed closing can be realized by arranging a system delay timer in the system.

Wherein, the first pipeline is provided with a first one-way valve (L1-6) to avoid the backflow of the liquid working medium.

The working medium precooling system for cryoablation is transformed on the original cryoablation system, the first pipeline for conveying the working medium is divided into the inner layer and the outer layer, and the precooling system can effectively reduce the gasification amount of the working medium in the cryoablation process and eliminate air blockage. And the working medium on the outer layer is used as an isolation layer to limit the working medium on the inner layer to exchange heat with the air outside the first pipeline, so that the time of cryoablation is prolonged, and particularly in the cryoablation operation, the stability and the safety are improved. And a corresponding pipeline for recovering working media is additionally arranged, so that the environment is protected and the energy is saved.

With reference to fig. 1 to 6, the present application provides a delivery device for delivering a working medium from a first pressure vessel (i.e. a liquid working medium pressure vessel C1) to a cryoablation apparatus (CP), wherein the working medium is at a low temperature and in a gas-liquid two-phase state during delivery, and the first pressure vessel is used for storing the liquid working medium and can deliver the working medium through a power apparatus or its own pressure.

First, the conveying device comprises a first pipeline (liquid refrigerant output pipeline L1) and a gas-liquid separation device, wherein the inner-layer structure and the outer-layer structure of the first pipeline in the embodiment can be understood as comprising an outer pipe (L1-1-4) and a separation sleeve (L1-1-5) arranged in the outer pipe, the outer pipe and the separation sleeve form a liquid refrigerant pipe (L1-1), and the separation sleeve divides the first pipeline into an inner-layer structure and an outer-layer structure in the radial direction.

The gas-liquid separation device is of a cylindrical structure and is arranged in the isolation sleeve, the first end of the cylindrical structure is open, the second end of the cylindrical structure is closed, a first channel (namely a gas-liquid separation device base pipe L1-1-4-2) is arranged inside the cylindrical structure, a second channel is arranged between the outer wall of the cylindrical structure and the inner wall of the isolation sleeve, and a through hole (namely an exhaust hole L1-1-4-3) for communicating the first channel and the second channel is formed in the side wall of the cylindrical structure. Because of the arrangement of the through holes, part of the working medium can enter the first channel, and the gas content of the mass flow of the part of the two-phase flow is higher than the liquid content of the mass flow; and the gas-liquid two-phase flow which flows through the second channel and does not enter a base pipe (L1-1-4-2) of the liquid refrigerant pipe gas-liquid separation device has a mass flow liquid content higher than a mass flow gas content. Further reducing the gasification amount of the working medium in the second channel and reducing the air blocking probability during precooling or ablation. Because the second end of the gas-liquid separation device is closed, the working medium entering the first channel flows to the first end, and the flow direction of the working medium entering the first channel is opposite to that of the working medium entering the second channel. And (3) further analyzing by combining the flow path of the working medium in the first path, wherein the flow path of the working medium is also divided into two paths: the third path is from the second channel to the cryoablation device or the outer layer; the fourth path is from the second channel, the through hole, the first channel to the first end of the first channel.

The working medium stored in the first pressure container in the embodiment is liquid nitrogen, the proportion of liquid nitrogen gasification influenced by temperature is reduced, and meanwhile, nitrogen gasified due to unavoidable factors such as friction is separated from the liquid nitrogen, so that the phenomenon of gas blockage is avoided, the output liquid nitrogen dosage is stable and controllable, and the stable cryoablation effect is realized.

The method for reducing air blockage can be to reduce the temperature difference between the inner layer temperature and the working medium during cryoablation, for example, in another embodiment, the liquid refrigerant pipe (L1-1) is a sleeve structure and at least comprises two or more sleeve structures; comprising: the liquid refrigerant pipe heat insulation channel, the liquid refrigerant pipe return channel (L1-1-2), the liquid refrigerant pipe inflow channel (L1-1-3) and the liquid refrigerant pipe gas-liquid separation device (L1-1-4). The liquid refrigerant pipe (L1-1) is sequentially provided with a heat insulation channel (L1-1-1), a backflow channel (L1-1-2) and a flow inlet channel (L1-1-3) from outside to inside through the three channels, the heat insulation channel can be communicated with the backflow channel (L1-1-2) and flow through the same working medium, or can be not communicated with the backflow channel (L1-1-2) and the flow inlet channel (L1-1-3) and flow through other low-temperature working mediums, so that heat exchange is further blocked. In other embodiments, heat exchange is blocked by providing an insulating layer on the outer layer.

The guide groove used for forming the second channel is formed in the outer wall of the tubular structure, the guide groove is communicated with the first end and the second end, so that the working medium can flow on the guide groove, and the through holes are formed in the groove wall of the guide groove for effective gas-liquid separation. The outer wall of the cylindrical mechanism is attached to the inner wall of the isolation sleeve, the guide groove is of a groove structure, working media can only flow through the guide groove, and then the working media can certainly pass through the through hole, so that the gas-liquid separation efficiency is improved. Under the cross section, the second channel is enclosed by the cell wall of guiding gutter and the inner wall of spacer sleeve, and wherein the cell wall of guiding gutter is the arc, and the cell wall is smooth, reduces the heat because of the friction production with working medium. The through hole is provided with an arc-shaped bottom, and is circular in shape and convenient to process.

In order to further improve the separation efficiency, the method adopted is that the diversion trench is spirally wound on the outer wall of the cylindrical structure to form a spiral channel, so that the flowing path of the working medium is prolonged. Or a plurality of through holes are distributed along the diversion trench. Wherein the guiding gutter has arranged 1 ~ 8 through-holes in spirally around every round of putting, and these through-holes are equidistant distribution in tubular structure's circumference.

In one embodiment, the first end of the isolation sleeve extends out of the first end of the outer tube, the extended part serves as a bottom inserting tube, and the length of the bottom inserting tube at least can extend to be below the liquid level in the first pressure container, so that precooling and ablation can continuously output liquid working medium. And the first end of the outer pipe is positioned outside the first pressure container, so that the working medium is output from the first end of the inner layer and then returns to the first end of the outer layer through the second end to flow out, and most or all of the inner layer is cooled.

The first end of the cylindrical structure and the first end of the spacer sleeve are axially adjacent to each other. The mutual proximity is understood that the first end of the gas-liquid separation device is also positioned below the liquid level in the first pressure container, so that the working medium directly enters the second channel for gas-liquid separation when being output, and the working medium entering the first channel can return to the first pressure container and be liquefied, thereby realizing local circulation and saving resources.

Referring to FIG. 4, in one embodiment, the first conduit is configured with an outlet valve (i.e., liquid cryogen outlet valve L1-2) having an outlet passage (L1-2-1) in communication with the inner layer and a return passage (L1-2-2) in communication with the outer layer. The liquid cryogen output valve (L1-2) comprises two pairs of input-output channels, a first input-output channel (corresponding to the output channel) and a second input-output channel (corresponding to the return channel); the first input-output passage communicates with a liquid refrigerant pipe inflow passage (L1-1-3); the second input-output passage communicates with a liquid refrigerant pipe return passage (L1-1-2); when the liquid refrigerant outlet valve (L1-2) is in an open state, the fluid in the liquid refrigerant pipe inlet passage (L1-1-3) of the liquid refrigerant pipe (L1-1) dynamically flows into and flows out of the first input-output passage.

The gas-liquid separation device can improve the mass flow liquid containing rate of the working medium conveyed to the cryoablation equipment, and further reduces the gas blockage phenomenon.

The above-described embodiment completes the pre-cooling of the first conduit, which in turn requires pressurizing the first pressure vessel C1 and the second pressure vessel C2 to achieve the pressure required for subsequent cryoablation.

The application also provides a working medium pressure vessel system for cryoablation, which comprises a first pressure vessel (namely, a liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1)), a second pressure vessel (namely, a gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2)) and a third pressure vessel (namely, a phase change pressure vessel (C3)), wherein the first pressure vessel is used for storing liquid working medium and supplying the liquid working medium to a cryoablation device (CP) in an ablation process, the working medium is discharged after passing through the cryoablation device, the second pressure vessel is used for storing gaseous working medium and is in controlled communication with the first pressure vessel through a fourth pipeline (namely, a cryoablation working pressure control element L4-3) and simultaneously receives backflow working medium from the cryoablation device, the third pressure vessel is arranged in the first pressure vessel and is used for changing the liquid working medium into the gaseous working medium, the third pressure vessel is in controlled communication with the first pressure vessel through a one-way circulation device so as to receive the liquid working medium, the third pressure vessel is also in controlled communication with the second pressure vessel via a fifth conduit.

Controlled elements are respectively configured on the fourth pipeline and the fifth pipeline, and the controlled elements and the one-way circulation device are correspondingly switched on and off under the condition of meeting the expected conditions, so that the pressure of the first pressure container, the pressure of the second pressure container and the pressure of the third pressure container are related.

Firstly, the backflow working medium is the working medium discharged by the cryoablation equipment, the second pressure container and the cryoablation equipment can be connected through a pipeline to realize the flow of the backflow working medium, and the process is a working medium recovery process. It should be noted here that the change in state of the working fluid during the recovery process is not critical.

Secondly, the pressure linkage process among the three pressure containers is that working medium in the third pressure container enters the second pressure container to perform pressure compensation, and the second pressure container is maintained within a preset pressure range; working medium of the second pressure container enters the first pressure container to perform pressure compensation, the first pressure container is maintained in a preset pressure range, and liquid working medium can be continuously output; the third pressure container maintains the self pressure in a preset pressure range by changing the state of the working medium, and each pressure container corresponds to a preset pressure range. The pressure linkage process uses the existing second pressure container as a transition to realize the integral pressure automatic cycle control. The pressure vessel system of the embodiment is mainly used for controlling the pressure in the liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1), the gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2), the phase change pressure vessel (C3) and the liquid conveying pipeline (L1) to be maintained within a working pressure range, and the working pressure of the pressure vessel is as follows: phase change pressure vessel (C3) > gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) > liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1).

In the following embodiments, the liquid working medium is illustrated by taking liquid nitrogen as an example, and the corresponding gaseous working medium is gaseous nitrogen.

The first pressure container is provided with a first pressure sensor (namely a liquid working medium pressure sensor C1-1) for obtaining a first current pressure; the controlled elements on the fourth pipeline are a fourth pressure control element (namely, a cryoablation working pressure control element L4-3) and a fourth electromagnetic valve (namely, a pressurization electromagnetic valve L4-2) which are sequentially connected in series between the second pressure container and the first pressure container, wherein the fourth electromagnetic valve is opened when the first current pressure reaches the first pressure preset value, the second pressure container is communicated with the first pressure container, and the fourth pressure control element automatically controls the output pressure of the fourth pressure control element to be smaller than the input pressure of the fourth pressure control element. The second pressure vessel is mainly used for compensating and increasing the pressure in the first pressure vessel. Although the first pressure vessel needs to be depressurized when it is overpressurized, in an embodiment, the first pressure vessel is configured with exhaust pressure relief pipes, and each exhaust pressure relief pipe is provided with a solenoid valve (i.e., a depressurization solenoid valve L3-2) which is opened at a preset pressure to perform depressurization.

Automatic control of pressure for the first pressure vessel:

the working pressure of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is maintained in a desired range through a cryoablation working pressure reducing pipeline (L3), a cryoablation working pressure boosting pipeline (L4) and a liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1); the method comprises the steps that a liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1) collects a first current pressure of a liquid working medium pressure container (C1), and the first current pressure participates in judging whether the working pressure of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is in an expected range or not.

The working pressure is the nominal pressure of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1), and the working pressure range is a pressure interval of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) corresponding to the nominal pressure; the pressure interval takes the working pressure as a median value, the upper deviation relative to the median value is used as the upper limit of the pressure interval, and the lower deviation relative to the median value is used as the lower limit of the pressure interval; the working pressures of different liquid working medium pressure containers (C1) correspond to the corresponding pressure intervals, namely the working pressure ranges

When the pressure collected by the liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1) is reduced to a first pressurization opening threshold value, a freezing ablation working pressure pressurization electromagnetic valve (L4-2) in a freezing ablation working pressure pressurization pipeline (L4) is opened, and gaseous working medium in the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) enters the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) through the freezing ablation working pressure pressurization pipeline (L4-1) to be pressurized; when the pressure collected by the liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1) is higher than a first pressurization closing threshold value, a cryoablation working pressure pressurization solenoid valve (L4-2) in the cryoablation working pressure pressurization pipeline (L4) is closed.

The working pressure of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range, when the pressure acquired by the liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1) is higher than a first decompression opening threshold value, a freezing and ablation working pressure decompression electromagnetic valve (L3-2) in a freezing and ablation working pressure decompression pipeline (L3) is opened, and gaseous working medium in the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is discharged to the atmosphere through a freezing and ablation working pressure decompression pipe (L3-1) for decompression; when the pressure collected by the liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1) is lower than a first decompression closing threshold value, a freezing and melting working pressure decompression electromagnetic valve (L3-2) in the freezing and melting working pressure decompression pipeline (L3) is closed.

The working pressure of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range under the conditions of a first pressurization opening threshold, a first pressurization closing threshold, a first decompression opening threshold and a first decompression closing threshold; the first boost opening threshold is less than the first boost closing threshold; the first reduced pressure opening threshold > the first reduced pressure closing threshold; the lower limit of the working pressure range of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is less than a first pressurization starting threshold value; the upper limit of the working pressure range of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is larger than the first decompression opening threshold value.

In an embodiment, a second pressure sensor (i.e., a gaseous working medium pressure sensor C2-1) is configured on the second pressure vessel to obtain a second current pressure, and the controlled elements on the fifth pipeline are a fifth solenoid valve (i.e., a gaseous working medium output solenoid valve L5-4) and a fifth pressure control element (i.e., a gaseous working medium output pressure control element L5-5) which are sequentially connected in series between the third pressure vessel and the second pressure vessel. And the fifth pressure control element automatically controls the output pressure of the fifth pressure control element to be smaller than the input pressure of the fifth pressure control element. Although the pressure of the second pressure vessel needs to be reduced when the pressure of the second pressure vessel is over-increased, in an embodiment, the second pressure vessel is provided with a gas discharge and pressure release pipeline, and the gas discharge and pressure release pipeline is provided with an electromagnetic valve (i.e., a gaseous working medium pressure release valve C2-2) which is opened under a preset pressure to release the pressure.

The automatic control of the second pressure vessel is:

the working pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) dynamically maintains the working pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) within a working pressure range through a gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5), a gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) and a gaseous working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2); and the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) acquires a second current pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2), and the second current pressure participates in judging whether the working pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is in an expected range or not.

The working pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range, when the pressure collected by the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is reduced to a second pressurization opening threshold value, the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve (L5-4) in the gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5) is opened, gaseous working medium in the phase change pressure container (C3) enters the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) after being reduced in pressure by the gaseous working medium output pressure control element (L5-5) through the gaseous working medium output pipe (L5-1), and pressurization compensation is carried out on the second pressure container. When the pressure collected by the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is higher than a second pressurization closing threshold value, the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve (L5-4) in the gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5) is closed.

The working pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range, when the pressure collected by the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is higher than a second decompression opening threshold value, the gaseous working medium pressure release valve (C2-2) is opened, and the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is exhausted to the atmosphere through the gaseous working medium pressure release valve (C2-2) to be decompressed; when the pressure collected by the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is lower than a second decompression closing threshold value, the gaseous working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2) is closed.

The second pressurization opening threshold, the second pressurization closing threshold, the second decompression opening threshold and the second decompression closing threshold are used for dynamically maintaining the working pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) within a working pressure range; the second boost opening threshold is less than the second boost closing threshold; the second reduced pressure opening threshold > the second reduced pressure closing threshold; the lower limit of the working pressure range of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is less than a second pressurization opening threshold value; the upper limit of the working pressure range of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is larger than the second decompression opening threshold value.

In an embodiment, a third pressure sensor (i.e., a phase change pressure transmitter L5-2) for monitoring a third pressure vessel is disposed on the fifth pipeline (i.e., the gaseous working medium output pipeline L5) to obtain a third current pressure, and a heating device (i.e., a phase change heating device C3-2) is disposed on the third pressure vessel to heat the liquid working medium in the third pressure vessel to change phase into the gaseous working medium and increase the third current pressure, wherein the third current pressure reaches a third preset pressure value, and the heating device stops heating.

In this embodiment, a liquid level sensor (C3-4) and a temperature sensor (C3-5) are configured on the third pressure vessel to obtain a third current liquid level and a third current temperature, and the third current liquid level and the third current temperature participate in the judgment of the control of the heating device. And when the third current liquid level and the third current temperature meet the expected conditions, the heating device stops heating.

Referring to fig. 6, one end of the gaseous working medium output pipe (L5) fixed to the top end cover of the liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1) extends into the phase change pressure vessel (C3); the bottom of the phase change pressure vessel (C3) is provided with a liquid working medium one-way flow device (C3-1), which can be understood as being positioned below the liquid level in the first pressure vessel. The liquid working medium in the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) can enter the phase change pressure container (C3) through the liquid working medium unidirectional flow device (C3-1), and the liquid working medium unidirectional flow device (C3-1) prevents the liquid or gas working medium from entering the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) from the phase change pressure container (C3). The phase change heating device (C3-2) is positioned in the phase change pressure vessel (C3), in order to avoid the influence on the liquid working medium in the first vessel in the heating process, an isolation layer (namely a vessel heat insulation layer (C3-3)) for isolating heat conduction is arranged on the third pressure vessel, and the vessel heat insulation layer (C3-3) thermally isolates the phase change pressure vessel (C3) from the liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1).

The pressure of the third pressure vessel (i.e., the phase change pressure vessel C3) is automatically controlled:

gaseous working media in the phase change pressure container (C3) can enter the gaseous working media pressure container (C2) through the gaseous working media output pipeline (L5).

The working pressure of the phase change pressure container (C3) dynamically maintains the working pressure of the phase change pressure container (C3) in a working pressure range through a gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5), a liquid working medium one-way circulation device (C3-1), a phase change heating device (C3-2), a phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2), a liquid level sensor (C3-4) and a temperature sensor (C3-5); and the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) collects a third current pressure of the phase change pressure container (C3), and the third current pressure participates in judging whether the working pressure of the phase change pressure container (C3) is in a desired range.

The working pressure of the phase-change pressure container (C3) is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range, and during the period that the pressure collected by the phase-change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is boosted from a third boosting opening threshold value to a third boosting closing threshold value, the liquid level information of the liquid level sensor (C3-4) and the temperature information of the temperature sensor (C3-5) participate in judging whether the boosting process is effective or not:

when the pressure collected by the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is boosted to a third boosting closing threshold value from a third boosting opening threshold value, when the liquid level collected by the liquid level sensor (C3-4) is less than a first low liquid level threshold value and the temperature collected by the temperature sensor (C3-5) is less than a first high temperature threshold value, the pressure collected by the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is greater than a third boosting lower limit threshold value, the boosting process is finished, the phase change heating device (C3-2) stops heating, and the boosting process is effective; when the liquid level collected by the liquid level sensor (C3-4) is less than the first low liquid level threshold value and the temperature collected by the temperature sensor (C3-5) is greater than the first high temperature threshold value, the pressure collected by the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is less than the third pressurization lower limit threshold value, the pressurization process is finished, the phase change heating device (C3-2) stops heating, the pressurization process is invalid, and the pressurization process is repeated.

Certainly, in the whole pressure linkage process, overpressure condition exists in the phase change pressure vessel (C3), therefore, the third pressure vessel is configured with an exhaust pressure relief pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve (i.e. a phase change vessel pressure relief electromagnetic valve (L5-3)) which is opened under a preset pressure to perform pressure relief is arranged on the exhaust pressure relief pipeline, so that the third current pressure is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range, in the embodiment, the phase change vessel pressure relief electromagnetic valve (L5-3) is arranged on the gaseous working medium output pipe (L5-1), when the pressure collected by the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is reduced to a third pressure reduction opening threshold value, the phase change vessel pressure relief electromagnetic valve (L5-3) in the gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5) is opened, the gaseous working medium in the phase change pressure vessel (C3) is exhausted to the atmosphere through the phase change vessel pressure relief electromagnetic valve (L5-3) through the gaseous working medium output pipe (L5-1), the pressure was reduced. When the pressure collected by the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is reduced to a third decompression closing threshold value, the phase variable container decompression electromagnetic valve (L5-3) in the gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5) is closed.

A third boost on threshold, a first liquid level off threshold, a third boost off threshold, a first low liquid level threshold, a first high temperature threshold, a third boost lower threshold, a third pressure relief on threshold, and a third pressure relief off threshold, dynamically maintaining the working pressure of the phase change pressure vessel (C3) within a working pressure range; the third supercharging starting threshold value is less than the third supercharging lower limit threshold value and less than the third supercharging closing threshold value; the third reduced pressure opening threshold > a third reduced pressure closing threshold; the lower limit of the working pressure range of the phase-change pressure container (C3) is less than a third pressurization starting threshold value; the upper limit of the working pressure range of the phase-change pressure container (C3) is larger than the third decompression opening threshold value; the first liquid level closing threshold value is larger than the first low liquid level threshold value; the first high temperature threshold is less than or equal to room temperature; the first low liquid level threshold, the first high temperature threshold and the third pressurization lower limit threshold participate in the judgment of the pressurization effectiveness of the phase-change pressure container (C3).

Working pressure of a liquid working medium pressure container (C1), working pressure of a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2), working pressure of a phase change pressure container (C3), a first pressurization opening threshold value, a first pressurization closing threshold value, a first depressurization opening threshold value, a first depressurization closing threshold value, a second pressurization opening threshold value, a second pressurization closing threshold value, a second depressurization opening threshold value, a second depressurization closing threshold value, a third pressurization opening threshold value, a first liquid level closing threshold value, a third pressurization closing threshold value, a first low liquid level threshold value, a first high temperature threshold value, a third pressurization lower limit threshold value, a third depressurization opening threshold value and a third depressurization closing threshold value, wherein the working pressure of the pressure container is: the respective working pressures of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1), the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) and the phase change pressure container (C3) are dynamically maintained in respective working pressure ranges.

The working pressure of the pressure vessel is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range, and a cryoablation working pressure pressurization solenoid valve (L4-2), a gaseous working medium output solenoid valve (L5-4) and a phase change vessel pressure relief solenoid valve (L5-3) participate in the pressurization process of the pressure vessel; a cryoablation working pressure reducing electromagnetic valve (L3-2), a gaseous working medium pressure reducing valve (C2-2) and a phase change container pressure reducing electromagnetic valve (L5-3) participate in the pressure reducing process of the pressure container; forbidding a cryoablation working pressure boosting electromagnetic valve (L4-2) and a cryoablation working pressure reducing electromagnetic valve (L3-2) to work simultaneously; and forbidding the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve (L5-4) and the gaseous working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2) to work simultaneously.

The working pressure range corresponding to each pressure container is dynamic, and the specific range setting method comprises the following steps:

referring to fig. 1, the cryoablation apparatus is connected to the second pressure vessel via a seventh pipeline (i.e., a return air recovery pipeline L7) and an eighth pipeline (i.e., a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline L8), the eighth pipeline is provided with a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flowmeter (L8-4), and the setting of the working pressure range can be adjusted according to the flow data of the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flowmeter (L8-4) in the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8).

Wherein the pressure compensation to C1 in the above embodiment may be performed at any stage.

In a cryoablation system using nitrogen or liquid nitrogen as a freezing working medium, the liquid nitrogen needs to be heated to generate the nitrogen for freezing or rewarming. However, liquid nitrogen is extremely easy to gasify, and a large amount of nitrogen is rapidly generated after heating, so that the pressure in the container is rapidly increased, and the safety risk is high. In the embodiment, the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen container can controllably flow into the heating device with the heat insulation structure through the one-way circulation device responding to pressure control, so that the gasification amount of the liquid nitrogen is controlled, and the safety of the liquid nitrogen during gasification is improved.

With reference to fig. 7A and 7B and the structure of the phase change pressure vessel C3 described above, a liquid working medium unidirectional flow device is disposed at the bottom of the phase change pressure vessel (C3), a gaseous working medium output solenoid valve is connected to the top of the phase change pressure vessel, a phase change heating device is disposed inside the phase change pressure vessel, the liquid working medium unidirectional flow device has an internal space, the liquid working medium unidirectional flow device has a bottom port communicated with the internal space, a top port communicated with the internal space of the phase change pressure vessel (C3), a side wall port communicating the internal space with the internal space of the phase change pressure vessel (C3), and a one-way flow device plugging ball (C3-1-4) slidably mounted in the internal space;

wherein, the inner space is movably sealed and matched with the sealing plate (C3-1-2), one side of the sealing plate faces to the top opening, the other side is linked with the blocking ball of the one-way circulation device, the one-way circulation device is driven to seal the bottom opening under the action of the internal pressure of the phase-change pressure container (C3), and the sealing plate avoids the side wall opening on the self movement stroke. The sealing plate is adaptive to the inner space, and can enable the liquid working medium to flow in from the bottom port and flow out from the side wall port so as to prevent the liquid working medium from flowing out from the top port. The sealing plate receives the pressure effect (pressure that liquid and/or gaseous working medium produced) in coming from phase transition pressure vessel C3 towards the apical pore one side to transmit this pressure to the shutoff ball indirectly, and the shutoff ball still receives the pressure in the first pressure vessel from the bottom port, and two pressure interactions make the shutoff ball move, correspond the bottom port and open or sealed.

The phase change heating device is used for heating the liquid working medium in the phase change pressure container C3 to be gasified so as to improve the pressure of the phase change pressure container, and preparing for the subsequent pressure construction of the second pressure container C2. For example, when the pressure in the third pressure vessel meets the preset condition, the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve is opened and the gaseous working medium is conveyed to the second pressure vessel.

The top of the phase change pressure container (C3) is connected with a phase change container pressure relief solenoid valve (L5-3), and the phase change pressure container (C3) is also provided with a liquid level sensor (C3-4), a temperature sensor (C3-5), a phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) and a container heat insulation layer (C3-3). A stop block (C3-1-1) is fixed in the inner space, the blocking ball of the one-way circulation device is far away from the bottom opening under the action of the external pressure of the bottom opening to the position below the limit position, and the stop block is positioned on one side of the sealing plate facing the top opening and is abutted against the sealing plate.

The application also provides a control method of the phase-change pressure system, which comprises the following steps:

starting the liquid working medium one-way flow device;

liquid working medium in the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) enters the phase change pressure container (C3) through the liquid working medium one-way circulation device (C3-1);

and (3) heating and gasifying the liquid working medium in the phase-change pressure container (C3) by using a phase-change heating device.

Wherein the opening condition of the liquid working medium one-way flow device is that the pressure of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is low

The condition that the liquid working medium flows into the phase-change pressure container is that the pressure or the liquid level of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) meets the expectation

The condition of the liquid working medium being gasified by heating is that the pressure of the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) is in accordance with the expectation.

As shown in fig. 7A, in an initial state, when the pressure in the phase change pressure vessel (C3) is close to the atmospheric pressure (which can be achieved by the phase change vessel pressure relief solenoid valve (L5-3)), the pressure in the liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1) is greater than the pressure in the phase change pressure vessel (C3) in the current state, under the action of the static pressure (C3-1-5) in the liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1), the blocking ball (C3-1-4) of the one-way flow device is pushed to compress the spring (C3-1-3) upwards, and under the action of the block (C3-1-1), the sealing plate (C3-1-2) connected with the spring (C3-1-3) cannot move upwards continuously; at the moment, the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1) enters the phase-change pressure vessel (C3) from the opening of the side wall of the one-way circulation device (C3-1) containing the liquid working medium through the flow path (C3-1-6). The sealing plate (C3-1-2) and the side wall of the liquid working medium one-way circulation device (C3-1) form a dynamic sealing structure; therefore, the fluid path (C3-1-6) is unique under the above structure.

As shown in fig. 7B, after the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1) enters the phase change pressure vessel (C3), the phase change heating device (C3-2) continuously heats the liquid working medium entering the phase change pressure vessel (C3), so as to further pressurize the phase change pressure vessel (C3). Under the action of static pressure (C3-1-5) in the phase change pressure container (C3), a sealing plate (C3-1-2) connected with a spring (C3-1-3) is pushed to move downwards, the spring (C3-1-3) is compressed downwards, a blocking ball (C3-1-4) of the one-way liquid working medium flowing device (C3-1) is further enabled to block the one-way liquid working medium flowing device (C3-1), and the flowing path (C3-1-6) cannot penetrate through a blocking area of the one-way liquid working medium flowing device (C3-1).

Referring to fig. 8, in another embodiment, the one-way liquid working medium circulation device (C3-1) is a micro-pump for cryogenic fluid.

The corresponding control method comprises the following steps: after the phase change pressure container (C3) is released through the phase change container pressure relief electromagnetic valve (L5-3), the low-temperature fluid micro pump is started, liquid working media in the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) are pumped to the phase change pressure container (C3), and then the low-temperature fluid micro pump is closed after liquid level information acquired through the liquid level sensor (C3-4) reaches a threshold value. And further continuously heating the liquid working medium entering the phase-change pressure container (C3) through a phase-change heating device (C3-2) to further pressurize the phase-change pressure container (C3).

When the system operates, the working pressure of the phase change pressure container (C3) is dynamically maintained in a working pressure range, when the pressure collected by the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is reduced to a third pressurization opening threshold value, the phase change container pressure relief solenoid valve (L5-3) in the gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5) is opened, the gaseous working medium in the phase change pressure container (C3) is exhausted to the atmosphere through the phase change container pressure relief solenoid valve (L5-3) through the gaseous working medium output pipe (L5-1), so that the pressure collected by the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is further reduced to the opening threshold value of the liquid working medium one-way circulation device, and the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) enters the phase change pressure container (C3) through the liquid working medium one-way circulation device (C3-1); the liquid level sensor (C3-4) collects liquid level data of liquid working media entering the phase change pressure container (C3), when the liquid level reaches a first liquid level closing threshold value, the phase change container pressure relief solenoid valve (L5-3) in the gaseous working media output pipeline (L5) is closed, the phase change heating device (C3-2) is started, the liquid working media are heated and vaporized into the gaseous working media, the pressure in the phase change pressure container (C3) is increased, and the liquid working media one-way circulation device (C3-1) is closed along with the increase of the pressure; the phase change heating device (C3-2) continuously heats the liquid working medium entering the phase change pressure vessel (C3) and further pressurizes the phase change pressure vessel (C3); and when the pressure collected by the phase-change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is higher than a third pressurization closing threshold value, the phase-change heating device (C3-2) stops heating.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application discloses a low pressure fluid system for enhancing interventional cryoablation performance, comprising at least one of: the system comprises a liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1), a gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2), a phase change pressure vessel (C3), a liquid refrigerant output pipeline (L1), a precooling fluid recovery pipeline (L2), a cryoablation working pressure reducing pipeline (L3), a cryoablation working pressure boosting pipeline (L4), a gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5), a replacement and rewarming pipeline (L6), an air return recovery pipeline (L7), a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8), a vacuum degree creation pipeline (L9) and cryoablation equipment (CP) serving as the cryoablation equipment.

The above modules, containers, conduits, and associated apparatus and methods, as applicable to low pressure cryoablation, e.g., less than 3MPa (e.g., about 0.5MPa operating pressure), can independently implement certain unit operations, and in some cases can be integrated with one another into a more complete low pressure fluid system, and are described below with respect to the components separately, but not strictly limited to being configured at the same time:

1) the pressure vessel for containing liquid-phase and gaseous working media: the pressure vessel comprises a liquid working medium pressure vessel (a first pressure vessel C1), a gaseous working medium pressure vessel (a second pressure vessel C2) and a phase change pressure vessel (a third pressure vessel C3).

Firstly, a first pressure container (C1), wherein a liquid-phase working medium is stored in the first pressure container C1, and the first pressure container C1 is connected with a cryoablation device CP through a first pipeline and conveys the liquid-phase working medium;

the first pressure vessel C1 is connected to the second pressure vessel C2 via a fourth conduit L4; a third pressure container C3 is arranged in the first pressure container C1 and can change the liquid working medium into a gaseous working medium.

The first pressure container C1 is provided with a third pipeline L3 for exhausting and decompressing;

a liquid working medium pressure vessel (C1), preferably a dewar pressure vessel, for storing liquid working medium for the freezing process in the cryoablation procedure; the method comprises the following steps: a liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1) and a liquid working medium liquid level sensor (C1-2).

A gaseous working medium pressure container (namely a second pressure container C2), wherein the gaseous working medium is stored in the second pressure container (C2), is connected with the first pressure container (C1) through a fourth pipeline L4 and is conveyed to the first pressure container (C1);

the second pressure vessel (C2) is connected with the third pressure vessel (C3) through a fifth pipeline (L5) and receives the gaseous working medium from the third pressure vessel (C3);

the second pressure container (C2) is connected with the cryoablation device (CP) through a sixth pipeline (L6) and transmits the heated gaseous working medium;

the second pressure vessel (C2) is connected to the gaseous working medium of the cryoablation device (CP) and/or of the first line (L1) via an eighth line (L8).

The Dewar pressure vessel is preferably used for storing gaseous working media which are replaced before use, rewarming process and recovered by the air return channel in the cryoablation procedure; the method comprises the following steps: a gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) and a gaseous working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2).

And the phase change pressure vessel (namely, the third pressure vessel C3) is connected and conveyed to the second pressure vessel (C2) through a fifth pipeline (L5).

The gas phase change device is used for changing liquid working medium into gaseous working medium, and gas after phase change is conveyed to a gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) through a gaseous working medium output pipeline (L5) through a pressure control element (L5-5). The method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a liquid working medium one-way circulation device (C3-1), a phase change heating device (C3-2), a container heat insulation layer (C3-3), a liquid level sensor (C3-4) and a temperature sensor (C3-5).

2) Nine functional pipelines comprising valves, sensing and control elements: the system comprises a liquid refrigerant output pipeline (a first pipeline L1), a precooling fluid recovery pipeline (a second pipeline L2), a cryoablation working pressure reducing pipeline (a third pipeline L3), a cryoablation working pressure boosting pipeline (a fourth pipeline L4), a gaseous working medium output pipeline (a fifth pipeline L5), a replacement and rewarming pipeline (a sixth pipeline L6), a return gas recovery pipeline (a seventh pipeline L7), a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (an eighth pipeline L8) and a vacuum degree creating pipeline (a ninth pipeline L9).

The delivery device of the above embodiment, in which the liquid refrigerant output pipeline (the first pipeline L1) is used for delivering liquid working medium, includes:

a liquid cryogen tube (L1-1); a liquid cryogen outlet valve (L1-2); a safety relief valve (L1-3); the liquid refrigerant output pipeline pressure transmitter (L1-4) and the temperature sensor (L1-5) participate in closed-loop control, and are used for monitoring the state parameters of the fluid working medium entering the flexible cryoprobe; liquid cryogen is delivered out a check valve (L1-6) to avoid back flow.

Secondly, gas working media flow through the precooling fluid recovery pipeline (namely the second pipeline (L2)), one end of the second pipeline (L2) is connected with the first pipeline (L1), and the other end of the second pipeline is connected with the eighth pipeline (L8) and finally conveyed into the second pressure container (C2).

A second conduit (L2) for conveying fluid working medium to a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control conduit (L8) during a pre-cooling process of a cryoablation procedure, comprising:

a pre-cooling fluid recovery pipe (L2-1); a precooling fluid recovery electromagnetic valve (L2-2), wherein a heat exchanger in a cryoablation procedure is opened and is closed after reaching a precooling temperature threshold range; a pre-chilled fluid recovery check valve (L2-3) prevents backflow.

(iii) a cryoablation working pressure relief conduit (i.e. a third conduit (L3) connected to the first pressure vessel (C1) for relieving pressure from the liquid working medium dewar pressure vessel (C1).

A cryoablation working pressure reducing tube (L3-1); and the cryoablation working pressure reducing electromagnetic valve (L3-2) is opened when the pressure of the liquid working medium in the liquid nitrogen working medium pressure container (C1) is higher than a release pressure threshold value, and is closed when the pressure of the liquid working medium is lower than the release pressure threshold value.

A cryoablation working pressure pressurization pipeline (i.e. a fourth pipeline (L4) which connects the first pressure vessel (C1) and the second pressure vessel (C2) and is used for inputting the gaseous working medium in the gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) into the liquid working medium dewar pressure vessel (C1) for pressurization, comprising:

a cryoablation working pressure booster pipe (L4-1); and the cryoablation working pressure boosting electromagnetic valve (L4-2) is opened when the pressure of the liquid working medium in the liquid nitrogen working medium pressure container (C1) is lower than a boosting pressure threshold value, and is closed when the pressure of the liquid working medium is higher than the boosting pressure threshold value. A cryoablation working pressure control element (L4-3) participates in closed loop control for adjusting the cryoablation working pressure.

The gaseous working medium output pipeline (namely, the fifth pipeline (L5) connects the third pressure container (C3) with the second pressure container (C2) and is used for inputting the gaseous working medium in the phase change pressure container (C3) to the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) for pressurization, and the method comprises the following steps:

a gaseous working medium output pipe (L5-1), a pressure monitoring element of a phase change pressure container (C3): a phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2); the phase change container pressure relief electromagnetic valve (L5-3) is opened and is used for emptying the gaseous working medium in the phase change pressure container (C3) or creating a pressure difference between the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) and the phase change pressure container (C3) so that the liquid working medium enters the phase change pressure container (C3) from the liquid working medium pressure container (C1) and is closed after the liquid working medium enters; when the pressure threshold of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is higher than the gaseous working medium output pressure threshold, the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve (L5-4) is opened, otherwise, the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve is closed; the gaseous working medium output pressure control element (L5-5) is used for adjusting the pressure in the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2).

Sixthly, the replacement and rewarming pipeline (namely, the sixth pipeline L6) connects the second pressure vessel (C2) with the cryoablation device (CP) and is used for selectively heating the gaseous working medium in the gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) in the replacement process in the cryoablation procedure and then conveying the heated gaseous working medium to the cryoablation device (CP), and the method comprises the following steps:

a replacement and rewarming tube (L6-1); a replacement and rewarming solenoid valve (L6-2) that opens when in a replacement procedure in a cryoablation procedure and closes after the replacement procedure for replacing air within the cryoablation apparatus; when the gas working medium is in a rewarming process in a cryoablation program, the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3) is started and used for heating the gas working medium in the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1) to reach a threshold temperature, and the rewarming temperature sensor (L6-4) participates in the rewarming process and is matched with the adjustment of the heating power of the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-2), so that the gas working medium in the replacement and rewarming pipe (L6-1) reaches the threshold temperature; a replacement and rewarming one-way valve (L6-5) to avoid reverse flow.

Seventhly, one end of a return gas recovery pipeline (i.e. a seventh pipeline (L7)) is connected to the cryoablation apparatus (CP), and the other end of the return gas recovery pipeline is connected to an eighth pipeline (L8), so that return gas generated in the freezing process in the cryoablation procedure is delivered to a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8), and the return gas recovery pipeline comprises:

a return air recovery pipe (L7-1); and a one-way valve (L7-2) of the return gas recovery pipeline is used for avoiding backflow.

One end of an eighth pipeline (L8) is connected with a seventh pipeline (L7) and a second pipeline (L2) at the same time, the other end of the eighth pipeline is connected with a second pressure container (C2) and is used for heating fluid working media flowing from a precooling fluid recovery pipeline (L2) in a precooling process in a cryoablation procedure and then pumping the fluid working media to a gaseous working media pressure container (C2), and the fluid working media flowing into a return gas recovery pipeline (L7) in the cryoablation procedure are heated and then pumped to the gaseous working media pressure container (C2) after the flow is measured by a flowmeter in the freezing process, and the measured flow participates in pressure control of the system, and the system comprises the following steps:

a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe (L8-1); a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control heat exchanger (L8-2) for heating fluid flowing from a pre-cooled fluid recovery line (L2) during a pre-cooling process of a cryoablation procedure to a threshold temperature; and freezing the fluid flowing from the return air recovery line (L7) during the freezing process and bringing it to a threshold temperature during the cryoablation process; a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control temperature sensor (L8-3) participates in closed-loop control and is used for matching with the adjustment of the heating power of the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control heat exchanger (L8-2) to enable the fluid in a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe (L8-1) to reach the threshold temperature; if the fluid working medium cannot reach the threshold temperature after being heated, the gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7) is opened, and the fluid working medium is discharged to the atmosphere; the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flowmeter (L8-4) is mainly used for monitoring the freezing process in a cryoablation program, and the fluid flow entering the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipe (L8-1) from the return air recovery pipe (L7-1) participates in closed-loop control, is used for prejudging the cryoablation effect, and is matched with pressure regulation to enable the cryoablation effect to meet the expectation. The system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5), and the adjustment of the pumping power is matched with the adjustment of the working pressure, so as to further promote the smooth air return and enable the cryoablation effect to reach the expectation. System flow monitoring and recovery conditions control a check valve (L8-6) to prevent backflow.

Ninthly, a vacuum degree creation pipeline (i.e., a ninth pipeline L9) connects the cryoablation apparatus (CP) and the vacuum apparatus (L9-3) for creating a high vacuum degree for the cryoablation apparatus (CP) to achieve a good vacuum insulation effect includes:

a vacuum level creation pipe (L9-1); the vacuum gauge (L9-2) is used for monitoring whether the vacuum degree reaches a threshold value requirement; the vacuum level creating pump set is used for creating high vacuum level, and the flexible cryoprobe has good vacuum insulation effect.

3) A cryoablation apparatus (CP) comprising a thermometric sensor and a heating element.

The cryoablation device (CP) can be a flexible cryoprobe and the like, is used for performing a cryoablation procedure on a focus after entering a human body through a natural orifice, and comprises the following components:

structures for enhancing interventional cryoablation performance; a distal thermocouple (CP1) of the cryoablation device for monitoring the temperature within the cryoprobe and participating in closed loop control; the distal end of the cryoablation device is a nickel-chromium wire used for the rewarming process in the cryoablation procedure.

The operation of the cryoablation system will be described with reference to fig. 10-16

The steps in the drawings are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, but the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the figures may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performance of the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

1) Starting a system, initializing, and reading a control threshold parameter stored in a memory; and simultaneously acquiring data of system sensors.

2) Firstly, the liquid level in a liquid working medium Dewar pressure container (C1) is judged, LLC1-2_ Lower Limit is a low liquid level early warning threshold value of the container, and a judgment program is executed:

if the current liquid level LLC1-2_ CL of the liquid working medium liquid level sensor (C1-2) is less than LLC1-2_ Lower Limit, the system determines that the liquid level cannot maintain the cryoablation program, namely the LLC1-2_ Lower Limit is the volume of liquid nitrogen required by the redundancy-containing primary cryoablation program. Then, executing a liquid nitrogen supplementing program, and when LLC1-2_ CL is more than or equal to LLC1-2_ Upper Limit; and (5) ending liquid nitrogen canning.

If the current liquid level LLC1-2_ CL of the liquid working medium liquid level sensor (C1-2) is more than or equal to LLC1-2_ Lower Limit, the system considers that the cryoablation program can be executed.

3) Judging the pressure in a liquid working medium Dewar pressure container (C1), wherein PC1_ IWP is the pressure threshold value of the pressure container during initialization; executing a judgment program:

if the current pressure PC1-1_ CP of the liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1) is not more than PC1_ IWP, the system considers that the pressure in the pressure container meets the pressure requirement during initialization, and can continue to execute the subsequent program; PC1_ IWP is the initialization pressure of the liquid working medium dewar pressure vessel (C1) prior to use in a cryoablation procedure, which is typically the pressure at ordinary rest when the liquid working medium dewar pressure vessel (C1) is not in use. Note: the initial pressure PC1_ IWP of the pressure vessel is less than the working pressure PC1_ WP of the liquid working medium Dewar pressure vessel.

If the current pressure PC1-1_ CP of the liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1) is larger than PC1_ IWP, a pressure relief program is executed, and a pressure reduction electromagnetic valve (L3-2) for the cryoablation working pressure is opened for pressure relief until PC1-1_ CP is not more than PC1_ IWP.

4) Judging the pressure in a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2), wherein PC2_ IWP is the pressure threshold value of the pressure container during initialization; executing a judging program:

if the current pressure PC2-1_ CP of the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is not more than PC2_ IWP, the system considers that the pressure in the pressure container meets the pressure requirement during initialization, and can continue to execute the subsequent program; PC2_ IWP is the initialization pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) before the use of the cryoablation program, and the pressure is usually the gaseous working medium stored in the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) after the last cryoablation program; because the gas of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is the gas for recovering the precooling process and the cryoablation process, the gas is output in the rewarming process, and in order to ensure the normal recovery of the next operation in the precooling and cryoablation processes, the PC2_ IWP of the pressure is less than the working pressure PC2_ WP of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2).

And if the current pressure PC2-1_ CP of the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is larger than PC2_ IWP, executing a pressure relief program, and opening the gaseous working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2) for pressure relief until PC2-1_ CP is not more than PC2_ IWP.

5) Judging the pressure in the phase-change pressure container (C3), wherein the PC3_ IWP is the pressure threshold value of the pressure container during initialization; executing a judgment program:

if the current pressure PL5-2_ CP of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is not more than PC3_ IWP; the system considers the pressure within the pressure vessel to meet the pressure requirements at initialization and may proceed with the subsequent procedure. This pressure PC3_ IWP < the working pressure PC3_ WP inside the phase change pressure vessel (C3).

If the current pressure PL5-2_ CP of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is larger than PC3_ IWP, a pressure relief program is executed, and a phase change container pressure relief electromagnetic valve (L5-3) is opened for pressure relief until PL5-2_ CP is not larger than PC3_ IWP.

6) Judging the current pressure PL5-2_ CP of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is greater than the current pressure PC2-1_ CP of the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) of the PC2-1_ CP, opening a gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve (L5-4), and setting the output pressure of a gaseous working medium output pressure control element (L5-5): PL5-5_ SP _ OUT > PC2-1_ CP; at the moment, the gaseous working medium in the phase change pressure container (C3) enters the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2); until PL5-2_ CP-PC2-1_ CP is less than delta P0, namely the pressure in the current phase change pressure vessel (C3) is equal to the pressure in the gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2), the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve (L5-4) is closed; and the output of the gaseous working medium output pressure control element (L5-5) is cut off. The gaseous working medium of the phase-change pressure vessel (C3) is utilized, and the utilization rate is improved.

7-1) opening a liquid refrigerant output valve (L1-2), firstly entering a precooling program of a cryoablation process, and enabling all elements in a precooling fluid recovery pipeline (L2) and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8) to enter a working state. And opening a pre-cooling fluid recovery solenoid valve (L2-2), and controlling the starting of a heat exchanger (L8-2) by system flow monitoring and recovery conditions.

The system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flow meter (L8-4) and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5) have restrictions on fluid temperature, so the system sets a temperature threshold: TL8-2_ ET _ Lower Limit: system flow monitoring and recovery conditions control the first heat exchange temperature of the heat exchanger and TL8-2_ ET _ Upper Limit: the system flow monitoring and recovery condition controls a second heat exchange temperature of the heat exchanger; corresponding to the lower limit of the temperature range and the upper limit of the temperature range, respectively.

If: the current fluid temperature collected by a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control temperature sensor (L8-3): TL8-3_ CT is more than or equal to TL8-2_ ET _ Lower Limit & & TL8-3_ CT is more than or equal to TL8-2_ ET _ Upper Limit; and a gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7) is closed, and fluid enters a gas working medium pressure container (C2) for pressurization through a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flowmeter (L8-4) and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5).

If: TL8-3_ CT < TL8-2_ ET _ Lower Limit | + | TL8-3_ CT > TL8-2_ ET _ Upper Limit; and opening a gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7). And calling a fuzzy self-tuning PID temperature control algorithm, closing a gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7) after the temperature meets TL8-3_ CT (being more than or equal to TL8-2_ ET _ Lower Limit & & TL8-3_ CT (being less than or equal to TL8-2_ ET _ Upper Limit), and enabling the fluid to enter a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) for pressurization through a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flowmeter (L8-4) and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5).

The cycle of the above steps is pressurized to event: the current temperature TL1-5_ CT-TL1-5_ PT precooling threshold temperature collected by a liquid refrigerant output pipeline temperature sensor (L1-5) is less than delta T0| (or the current pressure of a gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is less than delta P0, and the second pressurization closing pressure PC2_ PB _ CV-PC2-1_ CP is higher than the second pressurization closing pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2).

If TL1-5_ CT-TL1-5_ PT < [ delta ] T0 occurs in the OR logic, the precooling process is finished, the liquid refrigerant output valve (L1-2) is closed, a system time delay device is started, and a time delay interval Delta T is set, so that after the liquid refrigerant output valve (L1-2) is closed, residual fluid in the liquid refrigerant output pipeline (L1) and the precooling fluid recovery pipeline (L2) enters a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2); the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control draw booster pump (L8-5) was then shut down.

If TL1-5_ CT-TL1-5_ PT <. DELTA.T 0 is NO, then event PC2_ PB _ CV-PC2-1_ CP <. DELTA.P 0 must have occurred; the pressure in the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) meets the pressurization requirement; therefore shut down system flow monitoring and recovery condition control draw booster pump (L8-5); opening a gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7) to discharge the fluid in the pipeline into the atmosphere until an event TL1-5_ CT-TL1-5_ PT <. DELTA.T 0 occurs, and achieving a precooling condition;

then closing the liquid refrigerant output valve (L1-2), starting a system time delay device, delaying the time interval delta t, and enabling residual fluid in the liquid refrigerant output pipeline (L1) and the precooling fluid recovery pipeline (L2) to enter a gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) after the liquid refrigerant output valve (L1-2) is closed; the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control draw booster pump is then turned off (L8-5).

Next, judging the pressure condition of the gas working medium entering the gas working medium pressure container (C2), and opening a gas working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2) for pressure relief when the current pressure of a second pressure reduction opening threshold PC2_ RP _ OV-PC2-1_ CP gas working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) is less than delta P0; and closing the gaseous working medium pressure relief valve (C2-2) until the second decompression closing threshold value <. DELTA.P 0 of the current pressure PC2-1_ CP-PC2_ RP _ CV of the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1).

7-2) judging that the current pressure PL5-2_ CP of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is more than or equal to the current pressure PC1-1_ CP of the PC1-1_ CP liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1); opening a pressure relief solenoid valve (L5-3) of the phase change container, and when the current pressure PL5-2_ CP-atm of a phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is less than delta P0& liquid level sensor (C3-4), and the current liquid level value of a liquid level sensor (C3-4) of the phase change pressure container (C3) is less than delta L0, wherein the first liquid level closing threshold LLC3-4_ CV-LLC 3-4_ CL is a first liquid level closing threshold; and closing the pressure relief electromagnetic valve (L5-3) of the phase change container, and starting the phase change heating device (C3-2) for heating.

If the current pressure PL5-2_ CP < PC1-1_ CP & & phase change pressure container (C3) liquid level sensor (C3-4) of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is judged, the current liquid level value LLC3-4_ CL < LLC3-4_ Lower Limit liquid level sensor (C3-4) is judged to be a first low liquid level threshold value; opening a pressure relief solenoid valve (L5-3) of the phase change container, and when the current pressure PL5-2_ CP-atm of a phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is smaller than delta P0& & a liquid level sensor (C3-4), and the current liquid level value of a first liquid level closing threshold LLC3-4_ CV-LLC 3-4_ CL liquid level sensor (C3-4) of the phase change pressure container (C3) is smaller than delta L0; and closing the pressure relief electromagnetic valve (L5-3) of the phase change container, and starting the phase change heating device (C3-2) for heating.

7-2-2) if judging that the current pressure PL5-2_ CP of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is less than PC1-1_ CP & & phase change pressure container (C3) liquid level sensor (C3-4) and the current liquid level value LLC3-4_ CL is more than or equal to the first low liquid level threshold of the LLC3-4_ Lower Limit liquid level sensor (C3-4), starting heating by the phase change heating device (C3-2).

After the phase change heating device (C3-2) is started, if the current pressure PL5-2_ CP of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is larger than the third Lower pressure increase threshold of PC3_ PB _ Lower Limit; and the current temperature TC3-5_ CT < TC3-5_ Upper Limit collected by the temperature sensor (C3-5): a temperature sensor (C3-5) a first high temperature threshold; the phase change heating device (C3-2) continues heating.

Until: the current pressure of the acquired current temperature TC3-5_ CT is more than or equal to a first high-temperature threshold or a third pressurization closing threshold PC3_ PB _ CV-PL5-2_ CP variable pressure transmitter (L5-2) of a TC3-5_ Upper Limit temperature sensor (C3-5) and is less than delta P0; the variable heating device (C3-2) stops heating.

If the current pressure PL5-2_ CP of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is not more than the third Lower pressure increase threshold of the PC3_ PB _ Lower Limit and the current temperature TC3-5_ CT collected by the temperature sensor (C3-5) is not less than the first high temperature threshold of the TC3-5_ Upper Limit temperature sensor (C3-5), stopping heating, invalidating the pressure increase at this time, and executing the pressure increase process again. Otherwise, the heating is continued until the above certain judgment condition appears.

When the device meets the requirement and the current temperature TC3-5_ CT collected by the temperature sensor (C3-5) is more than or equal to the first high temperature threshold value of the TC3-5_ Upper Limit temperature sensor (C3-5) or the current pressure of the third supercharging closing threshold value PC3_ PB _ CV-PL5-2_ CP variable pressure transmitter (L5-2) is less than delta P0, an output program is executed. And (3) opening the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve (L5-4), and setting the output pressure of the gaseous working medium output pressure control element (L5-5): PL5-5_ SP _ OUT > PC2-1_ CP; at the moment, the gaseous working medium in the phase change pressure container (C3) enters the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2); until the current pressure PL5-2_ CP-PC3_ PB _ OV of the variable pressure transmitter (L5-2) is less than delta P0L (or) the current pressure PL5-2_ CP-PC2-1_ CP gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) of the variable pressure transmitter (L5-2) is less than delta P0L (here, the limitation is determined by a controller, after the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is gradually pressurized, the PC2-1_ CP is gradually increased, but the requirement of the pressure controller is that the upstream pressure should be greater than the downstream pressure, so the logic > | I (or) the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is provided with the second pressurization closing pressure PC2_ PB _ CV-PC2-1_ CP closing the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) to close the gaseous working medium output electromagnetic valve (L5-634) when the current pressure of the gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C6356) is less than delta P0), and the gaseous working medium output pressure control element (L5-5) is switched off.

The boosting process described above may be cycled through multiple cycles until the event: the current pressure of the second pressurization closing pressure PC2_ PB _ CV-PC2-1_ CP gaseous working medium pressure sensor (C2-1) of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is less than delta P0, and the initialization pressurization process of the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) is finished.

To prevent the pressure in the phase change pressure vessel C3 from going high at rest, a pressure relief decision is introduced: the current pressure PL5-2_ CP-PC3_ RP _ OV of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is less than delta P0 of a third decompression opening threshold value of a phase change pressure container (C3), a phase change container decompression electromagnetic valve (L5-3) is opened, and when the current pressure PL5-2_ CP-PC3_ RP _ CV of the phase change pressure transmitter (L5-2) is less than delta P0 of the third decompression closing threshold value of the phase change pressure container (C3), the phase change container decompression electromagnetic valve (L5-3) is closed. To prevent excessive pressure in C3.

8) After the process, the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) meets the working pressure requirement: PC2_ WP; the phase change pressure vessel (C3) also meets its operating pressure requirements; PC3_ WP; the liquid cryogen output line (L1) has achieved adequate pre-cooling.

Therefore, the method has the following requirements of the cryoablation procedure, and the method comprises the steps of detecting or accessing system consumables until the system accesses the consumables, then accessing the system into a liquid working medium Dewar pressure container (C1) to build pressure and replace gas in the consumables.

9) Opening a replacement and rewarming electromagnetic valve (L6-2) and entering a replacement program; the purpose of replacement is to replace the air and moisture in the internal pipeline of the consumable into gas working medium in the gas working medium pressure container (C2) before the freezing process. Starting a replacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3), and heating the temperature of the replacement gas to room temperature after a fuzzy self-setting PID temperature control algorithm, namely meeting the condition that TL6-4_ CT-room temperature is less than delta T0; the gas enters a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8) after passing through a gas return recovery pipeline (L7). Then, a recovery flow similar to the precooling process is used for entering a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2), and the following steps are carried out:

If: the current fluid temperature collected by a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control temperature sensor (L8-3):

TL8-3_ CT is more than or equal to TL8-2_ ET _ Lower Limit & & TL8-3_ CT is less than or equal to TL8-2_ ET _ Upper Limit; and a gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7) is closed, and fluid enters a gas working medium pressure container (C2) for pressurization through a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flowmeter (L8-4) and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5).

If: TL8-3_ CT < TL8-2_ ET _ Lower Limit | | | TL8-3_ CT > TL8-2_ ET _ Upper Limit; and opening a gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7). And calling a fuzzy self-tuning PID temperature control algorithm, closing a gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7) after the temperature meets TL8-3_ CT (being more than or equal to TL8-2_ ET _ Lower Limit & & TL8-3_ CT (being less than or equal to TL8-2_ ET _ Upper Limit), and enabling the fluid to enter a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) for pressurization through a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flowmeter (L8-4) and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5).

The displacement process is output from the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) and then flows back to the gaseous working medium pressure container (C2); the process does not cause drastic changes in pressure, so the process does not make pressure judgments. In addition, the whole replacement process is maintained for a time Δ t 1.

The permutation process is ended and Probe _ ZH _ Flag is transmitted.

10) Raising the liquid working medium Dewar pressure container (C1) to working pressure; opening a cryoablation working pressure pressurization solenoid valve (L4-2); setting an output pressure PL4-3_ SP _ OUT > PC1_ PB _ CV first boost initialization closing threshold of a cryoablation working pressure control element (L4-3); so that the gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) pressurizes the liquid working medium Dewar pressure vessel (C1) through the cryoablation working pressure pressurization pipeline (L4) until: first boost initialization closing threshold PC1_ PB _ CV-PC1-1_ CP liquid working medium pressure sensor (C1-1)

Current pressure collected < [ delta ] P0; and (3) after the liquid working medium Dewar pressure container (C1) is pressurized, closing the cryoablation working pressure pressurizing electromagnetic valve (L4-2) and turning off the cryoablation working pressure control element (L4-3).

And after pressure build-up before ablation of the liquid working medium Dewar pressure container (C1) is finished, sending PC1_ PreCyro _ Flag.

11-1) when an event: probe _ ZH _ Flag occurs 1& & PC1_ precero _ Flag ═ 1, and cryoablation is ready. Waiting for an event: probe _ Cyro _ Star is 1; setting a cryoablation delay time: Δ t 2; opening a liquid cryogen output valve (L1-2); a cryoablation timer2 is started; when the cryoablation time length is delta t2, the freezing process of the Cycle is finished, and the cryocycle times Cryo _ Cycle + + in the cryoablation process; the liquid cryogen output valve (L1-2) is then closed. The freezing process of this cryoablation cycle is ended.

11-2) starting a rewarming process of the cryoablation cycle, starting a replacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3), and meeting the fourth current temperature of the rewarming gas after a fuzzy self-tuning PID temperature control algorithm: TL6-4_ CT < TL6-3_ RW _ Upper Limit & & TL6-3_ RW _ Lower Limit < TL6-4_ CT. Then, a temperature recovery timer3 is started, when the temperature recovery time in the cryoablation is delta t3, the Cycle number Cryo _ Cycle + + is reset in the cryoablation process; then closing the electromagnetic valve L6-2; the replacement and rewarming heat exchanger (L6-3) was shut off.

After one freezing and rewarming cycle, judging an event:

Cryo_Cycle＝＝Cryo_Set&&ReWarm_Cycle＝＝RW_Set

when it occurs, it indicates the end of the cryocycle, otherwise, the cryoablation procedure is continued.

11-3) in the above process, a recovery process is carried out, and the gas enters a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control pipeline (L8) after passing through a return gas recovery pipeline (L7).

Then, a recovery flow similar to the precooling process is used for entering a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2), and the following steps are carried out:

the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flow meter (L8-4) and the system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5) have restrictions on fluid temperature, so the system sets a temperature threshold: TL8-2_ ET _ Lower Limit: system flow monitoring and recovery conditions control the first heat exchange temperature of the heat exchanger and TL8-2_ ET _ Upper Limit: the system flow monitoring and recovery condition controls a second heat exchange temperature of the heat exchanger; are respectively provided with

The lower limit of the temperature range corresponds to the upper limit of the temperature range.

If: the current fluid temperature collected by a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control temperature sensor (L8-3): TL8-3_ CT is more than or equal to TL8-2_ ET _ Lower Limit & & TL8-3_ CT is less than or equal to TL8-2_ ET _ Upper Limit; and a gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7) is closed, and fluid enters a gas working medium pressure container (C2) for pressurization through a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flowmeter (L8-4) and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5).

If: TL8-3_ CT < TL8-2_ ET _ Lower Limit | | | TL8-3_ CT > TL8-2_ ET _ Upper Limit; and opening a gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7).

And calling a fuzzy self-tuning PID temperature control algorithm, closing a gas working medium recovery release valve (L8-7) after the temperature meets TL8-3_ CT (being more than or equal to TL8-2_ ET _ Lower Limit & & TL8-3_ CT (being less than or equal to TL8-2_ ET _ Upper Limit), and enabling the fluid to enter a gaseous working medium pressure container (C2) for pressurization through a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control flowmeter (L8-4) and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump (L8-5). When the event occurs: when the PC2_ PB _ CV-PC2-1_ CP <. DELTA.P 0, the recovered fluid is not entering a gaseous working medium pressure vessel (C2) and is discharged to the atmosphere from a bypass; when the event:

Cryo_Cycle＝＝Cryo_Set&&ReWarm_Cycle＝＝RW_Set

when it happens, it indicates the end of the freezing cycle, otherwise, it continues to execute.

When the cryoablation starts, the vacuum equipment (L9-3) starts to work, and the vacuum degree is set to be vacuum; until the cryoablation procedure is completed.

All possible combinations of the technical features of the embodiments described above may not be described for the sake of brevity, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present disclosure as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features. When technical features in different embodiments are represented in the same drawing, it can be seen that the drawing also discloses a combination of the embodiments concerned.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present application, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. The rewarming control method based on the cryoablation system is characterized in that the cryoablation system comprises the following steps:

a cryoablation device;

the second pressure container is used for storing gaseous working media;

the rewarming control method comprises the following steps:

2. The rewarming control method based on the cryoablation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rewarming is stopped when the temperature of the cryoablation apparatus is 60-80 ℃.

3. The rewarming control method based on the cryoablation system of claim 2, wherein a displacement and rewarming solenoid valve is configured on the sixth pipeline, a fourth current temperature after the gaseous working medium is heated is obtained after the displacement and rewarming heat exchanger is started, and the displacement and rewarming heat exchanger and the displacement and rewarming solenoid valve are turned off after the fourth current temperature meets a preset condition.

4. The rewarming control method based on a cryoablation system of claim 3, wherein a heating element is included in the cryoablation apparatus, the rewarming method further comprising:

5. The rewarming control method based on a cryoablation system of claim 4, wherein a fifth current temperature in the cryoablation apparatus is obtained and the heating component is controlled accordingly.

6. The cryoablation system-based rewarming control method of claim 5 wherein a second current pressure of the second pressure vessel is obtained to participate in controlling the heating element with the fifth current temperature.

7. The rewarming control method based on the cryoablation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cryoablation system further comprises a third pressure vessel arranged in the first pressure vessel for phase-changing the liquid working medium into the gaseous working medium;

the rewarming control method comprises the following steps:

8. The rewarming control method based on a cryoablation system of claim 7, wherein during the cryoablation process:

9. The rewarming control method based on the cryoablation system of claim 8 wherein the second pressure vessel recovers working fluid that is returned from the cryoablation device during the initiation of the cryoablation and the cryoablation.

10. The rewarming control method based on the cryoablation system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the returned working medium is sequentially input into the second pressure vessel through a seventh pipeline and an eighth pipeline; a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control extraction booster pump and a system flow monitoring and recovery condition control heat exchanger are arranged in the eighth pipeline;

when in recovery, the pumping booster pump is correspondingly controlled by using the system flow monitoring and the recovery condition to adjust according to the pressure in the second pressure container;