CN218007749U - Closed circulating water culture experimental system for aquatic organism hypoxia stress - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a closed circulating water aquaculture experimental system for aquatic organism hypoxia stress, belonging to the field of fish environmental stress research, wherein the system at least comprises a aquaculture group consisting of a circulating aquaculture unit, an illumination system, an oxygen dissolving automatic control system and a temperature control system; the illumination system is arranged above the circulating culture unit and used for providing illumination for the circulating culture unit, and the automatic temperature control system is used for controlling the temperature of water entering the circulating culture unit; the dissolved oxygen automatic control system is used for adjusting the oxygen content in the water for the cultivation of the circulating cultivation unit. The system can accurately control the dissolved oxygen level, parallelly develop a closed circulating water culture experiment system for fish environmental stress research of a plurality of groups of hypoxia stress experiments, and is used for researching fish environmental stress mechanisms.

Description

Closed circulating water culture experimental system for aquatic organism hypoxia stress

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of aquatic organism environmental stress research, in particular to a hypoxia stress closed type recirculating aquaculture experimental system for aquatic organisms.

Background

The aquatic organisms belong to temperature-variable animals, live in a water body environment, and the growth and development of the aquatic organisms are influenced by various aspects, such as the species, sex, development stage and other biological aspects of the aquatic organisms, and also the ecological factors such as illumination, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, density, nutritional status, bait and the like, and the aquatic organisms are natural and artificial. As the water body stratified dissolved oxygen exchange barrier caused by global warming and the water body eutrophication degree increase, the hypoxic condition in coastal waters may occur more frequently. The lack of oxygen may cause a series of corresponding changes in the organism, physiology, biochemistry and molecular level of the aquatic organisms, and has important influence on various life activities of the aquatic organisms. In order to cope with the hypoxic environment, aquatic organisms can respond to changes in the hypoxic water environment by reducing the consumption of oxygen capacity through response mechanisms in terms of behavior, morphology, physiology, biochemistry and the like. Therefore, the response rule of the aquatic organisms to the hypoxia stress is correctly analyzed and evaluated, the harm of the stress response in the culture is scientifically managed and reduced, and the method has important significance for the healthy culture of the aquatic organisms.

In order to facilitate researchers to research the oxygen stress of aquatic organisms, the aquatic organisms need to be cultured in a laboratory in an aquatic animal culture manner so as to better control environmental factors to carry out stress research. The prior technical means and culture facilities have the following defects:

(1) The existing breeding experiment system mainly adopts a public and serial water circulation filtering system, so that the same hypoxia environment parameters are inconvenient to set, and a single group system is accurately controlled.

(2) Most of the existing hypoxia stress experiments are performed in a closed culture tank, dissolved oxygen is reduced by oxygen consumption of fish bodies, but the consistency of dissolved oxygen parameters cannot be ensured for multiple groups of parallel experiments, and the experiments have errors; an experimental system is also used for simulating running water culture, low dissolved oxygen in the water storage barrel flows into the fish tank and then is discharged, and the water storage barrel is continuously supplemented with nitrogen, so that the cost is increased; if a circulating water culture experimental system is adopted, bubbles are easy to generate, the oxygenation phenomenon is caused, the dissolved oxygen cannot be controlled at a stable value, and the experiment has errors; the existing automatic dissolved oxygen control equipment is basically based on the realization of an oxygen increasing function, and no corresponding device is provided for controlling the low oxygen level.

How to create a closed circulating water culture experiment system which can intelligently control the hypoxia level and parallelly develop a plurality of groups of aquatic organism hypoxia stress experiments so as to improve the efficiency and the accuracy of aquatic organism scientific research experiments and become a target which is urgently needed to be solved at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an aquatic organism hypoxia stress closed type circulating water culture experiment system, which can accurately control dissolved oxygen level, parallelly develop a plurality of groups of hypoxia stress experiments and is used for researching aquatic organism environmental stress, and is used for researching the aquatic organism environmental stress mechanism.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an aquatic organism hypoxia stress closed type recirculating aquaculture experimental system, which comprises at least one aquaculture group consisting of a recirculating aquaculture unit, a lighting system, an oxygen dissolving automatic control system and a temperature control system; the illumination system is arranged above the circulating culture unit and used for providing illumination for the circulating culture unit, and the automatic temperature control system is used for controlling the temperature of water entering the circulating culture unit;

the dissolved oxygen automatic control system is used for adjusting the oxygen content in the water for the cultivation of the circulating cultivation unit and comprises a dissolved oxygen detection module, an automatic control system, a nitrogen tank and a nitrogen tray; the dissolved oxygen detection module detects the oxygen content in the aquaculture water, and the nitrogen plate is used for reducing the oxygen content in the aquaculture water; the outlet of the nitrogen tank is provided with a normally-off electromagnetic valve for controlling the nitrogen delivery; the dissolved oxygen detection module is connected with the automatic control system;

furthermore, the circulating culture unit consists of a plurality of culture containers, a circulating water pipeline, a filtering device, ultraviolet lamps and an oxygen increasing facility, the lower parts of the culture containers are communicated with the circulating water pipeline, the other end of the circulating water pipeline is communicated with the filtering device, each water inlet pipe is provided with a water flow meter, the ultraviolet lamps are arranged at the top of the interior of the culture containers, the culture containers can meet the sealing requirement, and the oxygen increasing facility can increase oxygen to the water body in the culture containers;

furthermore, the filtering device is a fluidized bed which comprises a bed body, wherein the bed body is divided into a precipitation bin, a physical filtering bin, a chemical filtering bin, a biological filtering bin and a water purifying chamber; the water outlet pipe of the filtering device is communicated with an external water pump, the upper end of the fluidized bed can be closed, and the fluidized bed is positioned at the bottom of the experimental system;

further, the automatic temperature control system is used for controlling the temperature of water entering the circulating culture unit.

The invention also provides a using method of the system, the oxygen consumption of the fish in each culture container is determined according to the dissolved oxygen meter, and a calculation formula is as follows: oxygen consumption (mg/L · h) = (pre-dissolved oxygen-post-dissolved oxygen)/test time; fitting a curve relation between water flow and dissolved oxygen of a water inlet before fish placement according to different flow rate levels, wherein the dissolved oxygen formula of a certain flow rate level (L/h) is as follows: oxygen increment (mg/L.h) = (front dissolved oxygen-back dissolved oxygen)/test time, and a fitting curve formula is as follows: y = ax + b, y is the oxygen increasing amount, a/b is the equation coefficient, and x is the flow velocity; the oxygen consumption of the fish in each culture container is equal to the oxygen increasing amount entering the fish tank through the flow meter in the same time, if fluctuation occurs, a nitrogen electromagnetic valve of the automatic control system is started, and the dissolved oxygen amount in the culture water entering the culture container is ensured to be stabilized within a set parameter value range.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) The invention can realize the uniform and balanced environmental parameters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen and the like with high precision in the multi-parallel processing process required in the scientific experiment process, can improve the scientificity and repeatability of the experiment and greatly improve the experiment quality. One culture unit shares one circulation system, and environmental parameter control is arranged in a water purification chamber of a circulating water bed for circular treatment to ensure that water quality parameters entering the circulation pipe from a water outlet are the same, so that the consistency of the water quality parameters in each culture tank in the same experimental group can be ensured to the maximum extent.

(2) The dissolved oxygen concentration is controlled by the combined action of nitrogen and the flow meter, on one hand, the flow meter is used for controlling the water flow speed of the water inlet of the fish tank, so that partial oxygenation generated in the circulation process can be ensured to be offset with the biological oxygen consumption of the fish, the starting of the nitrogen tank is reduced, and the nitrogen cost is reduced; on the other hand, when the dissolved oxygen rises, the nitrogen can be started to reach the preset dissolved oxygen concentration, and when the dissolved oxygen is reduced, the slow oxygenation can be achieved by increasing the water flow speed. The mode reduces the switching between the oxygen increasing controller and the oxygen reducing controller, balances the oxygen consumption of organisms and the water circulation oxygen supply, not only reduces the oxygen control cost, but also reduces the manual monitoring time, and can carry out long-term culture experimental study under the condition of low oxygen stress.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the present system;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the aquarium of the present system;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the fluidized bed structure of the system.

In the figure, 1, a fish culture tank, 2, a lighting system, 3, an air pump, 4, a first valve, 5, a perforated pipe, 6, a water inlet, 7, a bearing plate, 8, an external water pump, 9, a reservoir, 10, a water inlet pump, 11, a fluidized bed, 12, a water inlet pipe, 13, a sewer pipe, 14, a flowmeter, 15, air stone, 16, a handle, 17 and a movable cover

201. The device comprises a settling bin, 202, a physical filtering bin, 203, an upper partition board, 204, a chemical filtering bin, 205, a purifying bed handle, 206, a biological filtering bin, 207, a lower partition board, 208, a filtering device water outlet pipe, 209, a grating, 210, a bed body, 211, a triangular baffle, 212, a sewage discharge pipe, 213, cashmere cotton, 214, a ceramic ring, 215, a biological ball, 216, a closed cover, 217, a dissolved oxygen detection module, 218, a second valve, 219, a nitrogen disc, 220, a water purifying chamber, 222, a nitrogen tank, 223, a nitrogen tank valve, 224, a conveying pipe, 225, a normally-off electromagnetic valve, 226 and an automatic control system.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment of an experimental system for closed type circulating aquaculture under hypoxic stress of aquatic organisms comprises at least one cultivation group consisting of a circulating cultivation unit, a lighting system 2, an automatic dissolved oxygen control system 226 and a temperature control system; the lighting system 2 is arranged above the circulating culture unit, the lighting system 2 is used for providing illumination for the circulating culture unit, and the automatic temperature control system 226 is used for controlling the temperature of water entering the circulating culture unit; the whole system is vertically distributed in a three-dimensional way.

The circulating culture unit consists of 2 culture fish tanks 1, a circulating water pipeline, a filtering device, an ultraviolet lamp and an oxygenation facility, wherein each culture fish tank 1 is vertically distributed, each culture fish tank is placed on a bearing plate 7, the lower part of each culture fish tank 1 is communicated with the circulating water pipeline, the circulating water pipeline is provided with the filtering device, a water inlet pipe 12 of each culture fish tank 1 is positioned above the culture fish tank 1, and a water inlet 6 is positioned below the water level to prevent bubbles from being generated; each water inlet pipe 12 is connected with a water flow meter 14 for controlling the water flow speed; the water outlet is provided with perforated pipes 5 with different heights for adjusting the water level of the fish tank, and a sewer pipe 13 outside the fish tank is provided with a first valve 4; the sewer pipe 13 is downwards connected with a filtering device, and the water outlet pipe 208 of the filtering device is connected with the external water pump 8 and then is communicated with the water inlet pipe 12 of the cultivation fish tank; in order to meet the requirement of hypoxia stress, the upper parts of the culture containers are respectively covered with a sub-grid plate, the peripheries of the sub-grid plates are sealed by waterproof glue, a movable cover 17 is arranged in the center of the sub-grid plate, sealing rubber strips are arranged on the peripheries of the movable cover 17, the movable plate is fixed by screws during experiments to form a closed space, and a handle 16 is arranged at the top end of the movable cover 17 to facilitate opening the cover to place or take fish; the ultraviolet lamps are arranged at the top ends of the fish tanks, and ultraviolet sterilization can be controlled independently according to experimental needs;

the oxygen increasing facility consists of an air pump 3, an air pipe and an air stone 15, wherein the air pump 3 is arranged at the topmost end of the whole system, an air hole is reserved on the subgrid plate above the fish tank, the air pipe is inserted for sealing, and the lower part of the air pipe is communicated with the air stone 15;

the filter device is a fluidized bed 11, the fluidized bed 11 is positioned at the bottom of the experimental system, the fluidized bed 11 comprises a bed body 210 and an external water pump 8, and the bed body 210 is divided into a precipitation bin 201, a physical filter bin 202, a chemical filter bin 204, a biological filter bin 206 and a purified water chamber 220; an upper partition plate 203 and a lower partition plate 207 are arranged among the bins, the height of the upper end of the upper partition plate 203 is equal to that of the fluidized bed 11, a gap is formed between the lower end of the upper partition plate 203 and the bottom of the fluidized bed 11, the lower end of the lower partition plate 207 is fixed at the bottom of the fluidized bed, the upper end of the lower partition plate is lower than that of the upper partition plate 203, a gap is formed between the upper partition plate 203 and the lower partition plate 207, filter materials such as cashmere cotton 213 are filled in the physical filtering bin 202, filter materials such as ceramic rings 214 are filled in the chemical filtering bin 204, biological filter materials such as biological balls 215 are filled in the biological filtering bin 206, a water outlet pipe of the filtering device is communicated with the external water pump 8, and a second valve 218 is arranged among the two for controlling the flow rate; in order to achieve the closed effect of the hypoxia experiment, the fluidized bed 11 is provided with a closed cover 216 at the top and a purification bed handle 205 to ensure that the whole circulation system is performed in a closed space. The settling bin 201 of the fluidized bed 11 is simultaneously connected with a reservoir 9 and is used for supplementing fresh water through a water inlet pump 10

The dissolved oxygen automatic control system 226 comprises a dissolved oxygen detection module 217, an automatic control system 226, a nitrogen tank 222 and a nitrogen tray 219; the dissolved oxygen detection module 217 and the nitrogen disc 219 are fixed in a clear water chamber 220 of the fluidized bed 11; a nitrogen tank valve 223 is arranged at the outlet of the nitrogen tank 222 to control the conveying of nitrogen, and a normally-open electromagnetic valve 225 is arranged on the conveying pipe 224, is in an open state when being electrified and is connected with an automatic control system 226; the dissolved oxygen detection module 217 is also connected to the automated control system 226.

The embodiment relates to the dissolved oxygen concentration control method in the hypoxia stress experiment, which needs to adopt the combined action of the nitrogen tank 222 and the flowmeter 14 to control the dissolved oxygen concentration when the dissolved oxygen control device works. Firstly, closing a circulating system, regulating dissolved oxygen of the culture fish tank 1 and the fluidized bed 11 of each culture unit to a value required by an experiment by using nitrogen, and starting the circulating culture experiment system; determining the oxygen consumption of the fish in each culture container according to the dissolved oxygen instrument by using a calculation formula: oxygen consumption (mg/L · h) = (pre-dissolved oxygen-post-dissolved oxygen)/test time; fitting a curve relation between water flow and dissolved oxygen of a water inlet 6 before fish placement according to different flow rate levels, wherein the dissolved oxygen formula of a certain flow rate level (L/h) is as follows: oxygen increase (mg/L.h) = (front dissolved oxygen-rear dissolved oxygen)/test time, and a fitting curve formula is as follows: y = ax + b, y is the oxygen increasing amount, a/b is an equation coefficient, x is the flow velocity, and the curve relation between the water flow and the dissolved oxygen before fish placing is fitted, so that the oxygen consumption of each fish in the fish tank in the same time is equal to the oxygen increasing amount entering the fish tank through the flowmeter 14; when the dissolved oxygen value detected by the dissolved oxygen detection module 217 is larger than the dissolved oxygen value set in the automatic control system 226, the automatic control system 226 controls the normally-open electromagnetic valve 225 to open the power-off valve, the nitrogen gas is sent into the nitrogen disc 219 through the conveying pipe 224, and the nitrogen gas is uniformly dispersed in the culture pond; when the dissolved oxygen value detected by the dissolved oxygen detection module 217 is equal to the set dissolved oxygen value, the automatic control system 226 controls the normally-open electromagnetic valves 225 to be switched off, and the nitrogen is closed; when the dissolved oxygen value detected by the dissolved oxygen detection module 217 is smaller than the set dissolved oxygen value, the automatic control system 226 starts an alarm, and correspondingly adjusts the flow meter 14 to increase the inflow water flow rate. The dissolved oxygen in the purifying chamber is ensured to be fixed in a set value range.

In the fluidized bed 11 device, water in the culture fish tank 1 enters the precipitation bin 201 of the fluidized bed 11 through the perforated pipe 5 and the downcomer 13, and the downcomer 13 extends below the water surface of the precipitation bin 201 to avoid generating bubbles; a grating 209 is arranged in the middle of the settling bin 201, a triangular baffle 211 is arranged at the bottom of the settling bin for settling large-particle residues, and a sewage discharge pipe 212 is arranged at the bottom of the center of the triangular baffle 211 and can be discharged from the sewage discharge pipe 212 at regular time; after being precipitated, the water flow sequentially enters the physical filtration bin 202, the chemical filtration bin 204 and the biological filtration bin 206 in an overflow mode and finally enters the purified water chamber 220; the physical filtering bin 202 is filled with filter materials such as cashmere cotton 213 and the like for filtering particle residues; the chemical filtering bin 204 is filled with filtering materials such as ceramic rings 214 and the like for adjusting the hardness, the pH value and the like of water; biological filter materials such as biological balls 215 are filled in the biological filter bin 206 and are used for decomposing organic wastes such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in water; the water outlet pipe 208 of the filtering device is communicated with the external water pump 8 and enters different aquaculture fish tanks 1 in the same aquaculture unit through the water inlet pipe 12, so that the purification and the cyclic utilization of the water quality of the aquaculture water in the experimental process are realized. This fluidized bed 11 sets up in the below of breeding the unit to reequip with the cowhells bucket, above-mentioned add sealed lid, the periphery is equipped with the hole according to the experiment needs, and seals with waterproof glue. On one hand, the design enables the whole filtering circulation system to have compact structure and reduce occupied space; on the other hand ox muscle bucket cost is lower, and plasticity is strong, makes things convenient for the diversified design of fluidized bed structure to satisfy developing of multiple coercion experiment, add simultaneously and seal the lid, guarantee circulating system's closure.

Claims (3)

1. An aquatic organism hypoxia stress closed type recirculating aquaculture experimental system is characterized by comprising at least one aquaculture group consisting of a recirculating aquaculture unit, a lighting system, an oxygen dissolving automatic control system and a temperature control system; the illumination system is arranged above the circulating culture unit and used for providing illumination for the circulating culture unit, and the automatic temperature control system is used for controlling the temperature of water entering the circulating culture unit;

the dissolved oxygen automatic control system is used for adjusting the oxygen content in the water for the cultivation of the circulating cultivation unit and comprises a dissolved oxygen detection module, an automatic control system, a nitrogen tank and a nitrogen tray; the dissolved oxygen detection module detects the oxygen content in the aquaculture water, and the nitrogen plate is used for reducing the oxygen content in the aquaculture water; the outlet of the nitrogen tank is provided with a normally-off electromagnetic valve for controlling the nitrogen delivery; the dissolved oxygen detection module is connected with the automatic control system.

2. The closed type circulating water aquaculture experiment system under the condition of the hypoxia stress of the aquatic organisms according to claim 1, wherein the circulating aquaculture unit consists of a plurality of aquaculture containers, a circulating water pipeline, a filtering device, ultraviolet lamps and an oxygen increasing facility, the lower parts of the aquaculture containers are communicated with the circulating water pipeline, the other end of the circulating water pipeline is communicated with the filtering device, each water inlet pipe is provided with a water flow meter, the ultraviolet lamps are arranged at the tops of the interiors of the aquaculture containers, the aquaculture containers can meet the sealing requirement, and the oxygen increasing facility can increase oxygen in a water body in the aquaculture containers.

3. The closed type recirculating aquaculture experimental system for the aquatic organisms under the condition of low oxygen stress as claimed in claim 2, wherein the filtering device is a fluidized bed, the fluidized bed comprises a bed body, and the bed body is divided into a precipitation bin, a physical filtering bin, a chemical filtering bin, a biological filtering bin and a water purifying chamber; the water outlet pipe of the filtering device is communicated with an external water pump, the upper end of the fluidized bed can be sealed, and the fluidized bed is positioned at the bottom of the experimental system.

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