CN108739617B - Sturgeon batch production recirculating aquaculture water supply system - Google Patents
Sturgeon batch production recirculating aquaculture water supply system Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/047—Liquid pumps for aquaria
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sturgeon factory circulating water aquaculture water supply system, which comprises an aquaculture pond, wherein the aquaculture pond water supply system comprises a constant flow water supply system and a circulating water supply system which can automatically switch water supply, and the circulating water supply system comprises the following units: the physical filtering unit is communicated with the culture pond; the degassing unit is arranged at the rear part of the physical filtering unit system; the biological purification unit is arranged at the rear part of the degassing unit system; the oxygen increasing unit is arranged at the rear part of the biological purification unit system and is communicated with the culture pond; the sterilization unit is respectively communicated with the physical filtration unit and the biological purification unit; and the temperature control unit is communicated with the biological purification unit. This water supply system adopts two sets of automatic switch-over's water supply system, can realize that sturgeon variety breeds density is big, the operation energy consumption is low, the efficient purpose of operating steadily, makes sturgeon be in a controllable ecological environment relatively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a sturgeon industrial recirculating aquaculture water supply system.
Background
The circulating water culture system has the advantages of high culture density, no season limitation, water and land saving, environment controllability and the like as a modern intensive aquaculture mode, in Europe, high-density closed circulating water culture becomes a rapidly-developing technology-intensive industry, at present, various aquaculture all over the world is intensively developed around high-efficiency culture modes of circulating water culture, such as ecological engineering, water circulation equipment, composite planting, separation strengthening and the like, and corresponding technologies and equipment such as facility, mechanization, informatization and the like are researched and developed in late circulating water culture research in China, in recent years, the China autonomously develops facility equipment such as a multifunctional protein separator, a multifunctional solid-liquid separator, a modular ultraviolet sterilization device, a high-efficiency oxygen dissolver device, an elastic brush-shaped biological purification carrier and the like, and the water purification treatment process of the circulating water culture is further developed, at present, the scale of industrial circulating water culture is about 1 × 106m2The breeding species include marine fishes, prawns, and the like.
Chinese patent literature (published date: 2011-02-02, published number: 101785399B) discloses a double-layer fish and hydrophile plant symbiotic industrial recirculating aquaculture system, which comprises a hydrophile plant planting device and a sturgeon aquaculture device which are arranged in an upper-lower double-layer mode, wherein a microfiltration device and a biological filter are arranged on one side of the sturgeon aquaculture device and the hydrophile plant planting device, a water quality adjusting tank is arranged on the other side of the sturgeon aquaculture device and the hydrophile plant planting device, water output by the sturgeon aquaculture device sequentially enters the microfiltration device and the biological filter through pipelines and then enters the hydrophile plant planting device, and water output by the hydrophile plant planting device enters the water quality adjusting tank and then is recirculated and returned to the sturgeon aquaculture device to form a closed circulating system. The culture system also comprises a culture system pollution discharge treatment device, wherein the pollution discharge treatment device comprises a sludge pond, a stabilization pond and a methane tank, the sludge pond is communicated with the sturgeon culture device, the microfiltration device and the bottom of the biological filter, the stabilization pond is communicated with the sludge pond, and the methane tank is connected with the stabilization pond.
In the prior art, recirculating aquaculture is adopted, but sturgeons are subjected to high-value characteristics such as water quality, temperature, dissolved oxygen and the like due to the particularity of requirements on living environments, and the application of a recirculating aquaculture system faces greater risks and difficulties. Therefore, there is a need for an improved design of sturgeon water supply system based on sturgeon performance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the aspect of industrial aquaculture water supply of sturgeons, the invention adopts two sets of water supply systems which can be mutually switched and adopts various technical means such as water temperature regulation, biological purification, sterilization and disinfection and the like, so that an aquaculture object is in a relatively controllable ecological environment, the problems of breeding sturgeon parent fish and seasonal production of caviar due to the biological characteristics of the sturgeon parent fish are solved, and the industrial circulating water aquaculture water supply system for sturgeons, which is used for perennial production and supply of sturgeon fries and caviar products, is realized.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the first technical purpose is as follows: a sturgeon factory circulating water aquaculture water supply system, which comprises an aquaculture pond,
the water supply system of the culture pond comprises a constant flow water supply system and a circulating water supply system which can automatically switch water supply, wherein the circulating water supply system comprises the following units:
the physical filtering unit is used for removing residual baits with the particle size of more than 50 mu m and fish excrement; the physical filtering unit is communicated with the culture pond;
a degassing unit for removing harmful gas; the degassing unit is arranged at the rear part of the physical filtering unit system;
the biological purification unit is used for purifying the aquaculture water body and controlling the concentration of toxic and harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the aquaculture water body; the biological purification unit is arranged at the rear part of the degassing unit system;
the oxygen increasing unit is used for introducing pure oxygen in the outdoor liquid oxygen tank into the culture system; the oxygenation unit is arranged at the rear part of the biological purification unit system and is communicated with the culture pond;
the sterilization unit is respectively communicated with the physical filtration unit and the biological purification unit;
and the temperature control unit is communicated with the biological purification unit.
This sturgeon batch production recirculating aquaculture water supply system carries out the changeable formula of two sets of water supply system to sturgeon breed pond and supplies water, and two sets of water supply system's design can be according to the sturgeon condition of growing and developing to and breed actual need automatic switch and still adopt circulating water supply system adopting constant current water supply system. And then carried out brand-new design again to circulating water supply system, circulating water supply system mainly comprises several big modules such as physics filter unit, degasification unit, biological purification unit, oxygenation unit, sterilization unit and temperature control unit, carry out good design through the processing precision and mutual coupling nature to whole circulating water supply system, make entire system realize the organic combination of advance, stability and economic nature, can realize that sturgeon variety breeds density is big, the operation energy consumption is low, operate steady efficient purpose, make sturgeon be in a relatively controllable ecological environment, the season production problem of breeding and caviar because of its biological characteristic of sturgeon parent fish of sturgeon has been solved, realize the annual production supply of sturgeon seed seedling and caviar product. Meanwhile, the design of the circulating water supply system enables tail water pollution discharged by the circulating water supply system to be controllable.
Preferably, the constant flow water supply system selects deep well water, the constant flow water supply system and the circulating water culture water supply system are switched by controlling the height of a water outlet pipe of the culture pond, the water outlet pipe comprises a constant flow water outlet pipe and a circulating water return pipe, and when the constant flow water outlet pipe is higher than the circulating water return pipe, the outlet water enters the circulating water supply system; when the circulating water return pipe is higher than the constant flow water outlet pipe, the outlet water directly flows out of the culture area without passing through the circulating water system and enters the constant flow water supply system. The constant flow water supply system preferably supplies water by deep well water, the water temperature of the deep well water is stabilized at about 20 ℃ throughout the year, and the energy consumption of the temperature control system is reduced. And the constant flow water supply system and the circulating water culture water supply system are switched by controlling the height of the water outlet pipe of the culture pond, so that the automatic regulation of sturgeon culture can be well met, and the cultured objects are always in a relatively controllable ecological environment.
Preferably, the physical filtering unit comprises a full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter, a water pump and a protein separator, the full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter is communicated with the culture pond and the water pump through pipelines, and the water pump is communicated with the protein separator. The full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter is one of main devices for micro-mesh filtration, mainly removes residual baits with the particle size of more than 50 mu m and fish body excrement in circulating water culture, has the effects of water and energy conservation, stable rotation, low noise, compact structure, convenient operation and maintenance, long service life and the like. The protein separator is an effective device for removing micro-particle substances and soluble organic matters on fresh water treatment.
Preferably, the full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter is provided with two sets, and the full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter adopts a high-speed fiber filter with adjustable fiber pores; the protein separator is used for removing micro-particle substances and soluble organic matters, and is a jet flow foam separator with an ejector arranged inside. The full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter adopts a high-speed fiber filter with adjustable fiber pores, has higher flux, can adjust the fiber pores, performs model selection filtration according to different water qualities, uses one micro-filter for one set, realizes that one micro-filter automatically starts the other micro-filter during back washing, is connected and operates without stop, and is easy to realize automatic back washing. The protein separator utilizes a unique ejector and an internal structure designed in the protein separator to fully mix the steam and the water and generate a large amount of micro-bubbles (the diameter is less than 1.0mm) in the water. Due to the surface tension and electrostatic adsorption of the gas-liquid interface of the microbubbles, the proteins (formed by the excrement of fish, shrimp and shellfish, food residues and the like) dissolved in water are adhered to and separated from the water, so that the proteins are prevented from being decomposed into toxic substances, and the aim of purifying the water is fulfilled.
Preferably, the degassing unit comprises a trickle degassing pool and an aeration device. Microbes in the sturgeon and the biofilter excrete a large amount of waste gas (such as CO 2) to the culture system every day, and the pH of water can not only be reduced in the accumulation of a large amount of waste gas, but also the waste gas in water can influence the normal exchange of ions and gases in water of the parotid gland of sturgeon, and the normal growth and disease resistance of the cultured sturgeon are influenced. Before entering the biological filter, a drip type degassing pool is arranged, and an aeration device is arranged, so that the aim of effectively removing harmful gas is fulfilled.
Preferably, an immersed biological filter tank is adopted in the biological purification unit, and a five-section flowing biological filter tank is adopted in the immersed biological filter tank; the submerged biological filter tank is of a structure shaped like a Chinese character 'tian', and is provided with four partition walls, the submerged biological filter tank adopts a high-level water distributor to feed water, the first partition wall flows at the bottom of the tank, the second partition wall flows at the weir crest, the third partition wall flows at the bottom of the tank, the fourth partition wall flows at the weir crest, and finally the high-level weir crest flows out. Biological purification is a core technical link of circulating water treatment, and plays an important role in controlling the concentration of toxic and harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and the like in the aquaculture water body. The adopted immersed biological filter tank can effectively purify the circulating water. The immersed biological filter tank adopts a five-section flowing water type biological filter tank, water flows in the tank in a fluctuating way, the immersed biological filter tank is in a shape like a Chinese character 'tian', four walls are arranged, a high-level water distributor is adopted for water inlet, water flows at the bottom of a first partition wall tank, water flows at a weir crest on a second partition wall, water flows at the bottom of a third partition wall tank, water flows at a weir crest on a fourth partition wall, and finally water flows at a high-level weir crest, so that the structure has a good filtering effect.
Preferably, the oxygenation unit adopts a nano plate for oxygenation, and comprises an outdoor liquid oxygen tank, a pressure reducing valve, an evaporator, a control valve, a flowmeter, a liquid level display, an oxygen delivery pipeline and an oxygenation pool. The oxygen increasing unit is used for introducing pure oxygen in an outdoor liquid oxygen tank into a culture system, is of the structure, and liquid oxygen is changed into gaseous oxygen through a pressure reducing valve, an evaporator, a control valve, a flowmeter, a liquid level display pipeline, an oxygen conveying pipeline and the like and is conveyed to each oxygen workshop.
Preferably, the sterilization unit comprises an ozone sterilization and disinfection device and an ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device, the ozone sterilization and disinfection device is used for killing bacteria, viruses and parasitic ova in the physical filtration unit, and the ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device is used for sterilizing and disinfecting the biological purification unit. The sterilization mode adopts two modes of ozone sterilization and Ultraviolet (UV) sterilization, and the probability of pathogens entering the culture pond is effectively reduced by the two sterilization devices.
Preferably, the ultraviolet sterilization device is a channel type ultraviolet sterilization tank, an ultraviolet sterilization lamp tube module and a reflector are arranged in the channel type ultraviolet sterilization tank, the ultraviolet sterilization lamp tube module is arranged in a segmented flow channel for water inlet and outlet at high and low positions in the channel type ultraviolet sterilization tank, and the reflector is arranged on the inner side surface and the top of the channel. The Ultraviolet (UV) sterilization has the advantages of good sterilization effect, no residue, easy control and the like. The channel type ultraviolet disinfection pool is characterized in that a plurality of high-strength ultraviolet germicidal lamp tubes are designed into modules and directly installed in high-level and low-level water inlet and outlet sectional flow channels, and specially-made light reflecting plates are installed on the inner side surfaces and the tops of the channels. Circulating water moves up and down in the series connection tank, water is in uniform contact with the lamp tube, contact time is prolonged, and disinfection capacity is improved. The channel type ultraviolet disinfection tank has low tank building cost, large flow, convenient maintenance and cleaning of the lamp tube, higher efficiency than the traditional closed disinfector, and more than 99 percent of bacteria removal rate.
Preferably, the temperature control unit adopts a bidirectional air cooler for temperature control. The temperature control unit adopts a bidirectional air cooler to control the temperature, the sturgeon belongs to subaqueous water fishes, the water temperature is not higher than 21 ℃ in summer, the bidirectional air cooler is started in a high-temperature period, and the water temperature is kept below 21 ℃. Compared with a running water type culture mode, the circulating water culture mode has the greatest advantage of realizing the energy-saving effect in the aspect of heating or refrigerating of culture water, and the circulating water can save more than 70 percent of energy compared with the running water type culture mode.
Preferably, the circulating water supply system is also provided with a tail water environment-friendly treatment unit which is respectively connected with the physical filtration unit and the biological purification unit; the tail water environment-friendly treatment unit comprises an adjusting tank, a lifting pump, a high-speed fiber precision filter, a discharge ditch, a sludge tank, a horizontal centrifugal spiral concentrator, a dosing device and drying aftertreatment. The immersed biological filter tank and the full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter in the biological purification unit regularly discharge waste water and firstly collect in the regulating reservoir, the regulating reservoir is provided with a lift pump to filter the discharged water, 2 sets of high-speed fiber precision filters are adopted and are used for one time, the other equipment is automatically started when one backwashing is realized, the continuous operation is not stopped, the filtered circulating water can be discharged into a main circulation ditch of a plant area to be uniformly discharged, and the backwashing sludge can be discharged into a sludge tank to be preliminarily concentrated. The sludge tank is provided with a lifting pump for lifting the concentrated sludge to a horizontal centrifugal spiral concentrator, the sludge can be concentrated by properly adding a medicament, the filtrate of the concentrator is discharged to a regulating tank, and mud cakes are uniformly treated after being bagged and collected. 15-20% of sewage in the whole system is discharged, and fresh water is supplemented.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: this sturgeon batch production recirculating aquaculture water supply system adopts two sets of automatic switch-over's water supply system, has realized the organic combination of advance, stability and economic nature, can realize that sturgeon variety breeds that density is big, the operation energy consumption is low, the efficient purpose of operating steadily, makes the sturgeon be in a controllable ecological environment relatively, has solved breeding of sturgeon parent fish and caviar because of the seasonal production problem of its biological characteristic, realizes the perennial production supply of sturgeon seed and caviar product. The constant flow water supply system adopts deep inlet water, the water temperature is stabilized at about 20 ℃ throughout the year, and the energy consumption of the temperature control system is reduced; the production of caviar is not seasonally controllable, and the temperature is adjusted according to the accumulated temperature rule of the gonad development of sturgeons to control the gonad development of female fish; the dual sterilization and disinfection system realizes the controllability of diseases by ultraviolet sterilization and ozone sterilization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process route diagram of a sturgeon industrial recirculating aquaculture water supply system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sturgeon industrial recirculating aquaculture water supply system of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another aspect of the sturgeon industrial recirculating aquaculture water supply system of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an arrangement structure of a water outlet pipe in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of an application of the sturgeon factory recirculating aquaculture water supply system;
in the figure: i, a constant flow water supply system, II, a circulating water supply system, III, a tail water environment-friendly treatment unit, 1 a culture pond, 2, a physical filtering unit, 3, a degassing unit, 4, a biological purification unit, 5, an oxygenation unit, 6, a sterilization unit, 7, a temperature control unit, 8, a full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter, 9, a water pump, 10, a protein separator, 11, a trickle degassing pond, 12, an aeration device, 13, an outdoor liquid oxygen tank, 14, a pressure reducing valve, 15, an evaporator, 16, a control valve, 17, a flow meter, 18, a liquid level display, 19, an oxygen delivery pipeline, 20, the oxygenation pond, 21, an ozone sterilization device, 22, an ultraviolet sterilization device, 23, an ultraviolet sterilization lamp tube module, 24, a reflector, 25, a high-level water distributor, 26, a first partition wall, 27, a second partition wall, 28, a third partition wall, 29 and a fourth partition wall, 30. a constant flow water outlet pipe 31 and a circulating water return pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the sturgeon industrial recirculating aquaculture water supply system comprises an aquaculture pond 1 and sturgeon aquaculture sites; a plurality of culture ponds can be arranged according to the culture needs;
the water supply system of the culture pond comprises a constant flow water supply system I and a circulating water supply system II which are capable of automatically switching water supply, and the circulating water supply system II comprises the following units:
a physical filtering unit 2 for removing residual baits and fish excretions having a particle size of more than 50 μm; the physical filtering unit 2 is communicated with the culture pond 1;
a degassing unit 3 for removing harmful gases; the degassing unit 3 is arranged at the rear part of the physical filtering unit 2;
the biological purification unit 4 is used for purifying the aquaculture water body and controlling the concentration of toxic and harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the aquaculture water body; the biological purification unit 4 is arranged at the rear part of the degassing unit 3; the biological purification unit 4 in the embodiment comprises a primary biological purification tank, a secondary biological purification tank and a tertiary biological purification tank;
the oxygen increasing unit 5 is used for introducing pure oxygen in the outdoor liquid oxygen tank into the culture system; the oxygenation unit 5 is arranged at the rear part of the biological purification unit 4 system and is communicated with the culture pond 1;
the sterilization unit 6, the sterilization unit 6 is respectively communicated with the physical filtration unit 2 and the biological purification unit 4;
and a temperature control unit 7, wherein the temperature control unit 7 is communicated with the biological purification unit 4.
The constant flow water supply system I selects deep well water, the constant flow water supply system I and the circulating water culture water supply system II are switched by controlling the height of a water outlet pipe of the culture pond 1, the water outlet pipe comprises a constant flow water outlet pipe 30 and a circulating water return pipe 31 (see figure 4), and when the constant flow water outlet pipe 30 is higher than the circulating water return pipe 31, the outlet water enters the circulating water supply system II; when the circulating water return pipe 31 is higher than the constant flow water outlet pipe 30, the outlet water directly flows out of the culture area without passing through the circulating water system and enters the constant flow water supply system I.
The physical filtering unit 2 comprises a full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter 8, a water pump 9 and a protein separator 10, the full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter 8 is communicated with the culture pond 1 and the water pump 9 through pipelines, and the water pump 9 is communicated with the protein separator 10. The protein separator 10 is used for removing micro particulate matters and soluble organic matters, and the protein separator 10 is a jet foam separator provided with a jet ejector inside. The full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter 8 is provided with two sets, and the full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter 8 adopts a high-speed fiber filter with adjustable fiber pores; the size of the fiber pores can be selected according to the water quality so as to meet the filtering requirement. The full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter 8 is one of main devices for micro-mesh filtration, mainly removes residual baits and fish body excreta with the grain diameter of more than 50 mu m, has the advantages of water and energy saving effect, stable rotation, low noise, compact structure, convenient operation and maintenance, long service life and the like.
The protein separator 10 is an effective device for removing micro-particulate matter and soluble organic matter on fresh water treatment. By utilizing the unique internal ejector and the exquisite internal structure, the steam and water are fully mixed, and a large amount of micro-bubbles (the diameter is less than 1.0mm) are generated in water. Due to the surface tension and electrostatic adsorption of the gas-liquid interface of the microbubbles, the proteins (formed by the excrement of fish, shrimp and shellfish, food residues and the like) dissolved in water are adhered to and separated from the water, so that the proteins are prevented from being decomposed into toxic substances, and the aim of purifying the water is fulfilled.
The degassing unit 3 comprises a trickle degassing tank 11 and an aeration device 12. Microbes in the sturgeon and the biofilter excrete a large amount of waste gas (such as CO 2) to the culture system every day, and the pH of water can not only be reduced in the accumulation of a large amount of waste gas, but also the waste gas in water can influence the normal exchange of ions and gases in water of the parotid gland of sturgeon, and the normal growth and disease resistance of the cultured sturgeon are influenced. Before entering the biological purification unit 4, a trickle degassing pool is arranged, and an aeration device is arranged, so that the aim of effectively removing harmful gas is fulfilled. In this example, the trickle degassing cell 11 has a specification length of ☓, a width of ☓ and a depth of 3.3m ☓ 0.5.5 m ☓ 1.5.5 m.
An immersed biological filter tank is adopted in the biological purification unit 4, and a five-section running water type biological filter tank is adopted in the immersed biological filter tank. The submerged biological filtration tank is arranged to be of a structure shaped like a Chinese character 'tian', four partition walls are arranged, the submerged biological filtration tank adopts a high-level water distributor 25 to feed water, the water flows at the bottom of the tank of the first partition wall 26, the water flows at the weir crest of the second partition wall 27, the water flows at the bottom of the tank of the third partition wall 28, the water flows at the weir crest of the fourth partition wall 29, and finally the water flows at the high-level weir crest. Biological purification is a core technical link of circulating water treatment, and plays an important role in controlling the concentration of toxic and harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and the like in the aquaculture water body. The biological purification unit 4 adopts an immersed biological filter, and adopts three-dimensional elastic filler, three-dimensional reticular filler, biological balls, biological ceramsite and the like for filtration. The immersed biological filter adopts a five-section flowing water type biological filter, water flows in the biological filter in a fluctuating way, the biological filter is shaped like a Chinese character 'tian', four walls are arranged, a high-level water distributor is adopted for water inlet, water flows at the bottom of a first partition wall pool, weir crest water flows on a second partition wall, water flows at the bottom of a third partition wall pool, weir crest water flows on a fourth partition wall, and finally high-level weir crest water flows out.
The oxygen increasing unit 5 increases oxygen by adopting a nano plate, and the oxygen increasing unit 5 comprises an outdoor liquid oxygen tank 13, a pressure reducing valve 14, an evaporator 15, a control valve 16, a flowmeter 17, a liquid level display 18, an oxygen conveying pipeline 19 and an oxygen increasing pool 20. The oxygen increasing unit 5 introduces pure oxygen in an outdoor liquid oxygen tank into a culture system, liquid oxygen is changed into gaseous oxygen through a pressure reducing valve, an evaporator, a control valve, a flowmeter, a liquid level display, an oxygen conveying pipeline and the like, the gaseous oxygen is conveyed to each oxygen workshop, and the oxygen is increased by adopting a nano plate. In this embodiment, the oxygen increasing pool has a specification length of ☓, a width of ☓ and a depth of 3.3m ☓ 0.5.5 m ☓ 1.5.5 m.
The sterilization unit 6 comprises an ozone sterilization and disinfection device 21 and an ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device 22, wherein the ozone sterilization and disinfection device 21 is used for killing bacteria, viruses and parasitic ova in the physical filtering unit 2, and the ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device 22 is used for sterilizing and disinfecting the biological purification unit 4. The ultraviolet sterilization disinfection device 22 is a channel type ultraviolet disinfection pool, an ultraviolet sterilization lamp tube module 23 and a reflector panel 24 are arranged inside the channel type ultraviolet disinfection pool, the ultraviolet sterilization lamp tube module 23 is arranged inside a segmented water flowing channel for water inlet and outlet at high and low positions in the channel type ultraviolet disinfection pool, and the reflector panel 24 is arranged on the inner side surface and the top of the channel.
The sterilization unit 6 adopts two modes of ozone sterilization and Ultraviolet (UV) sterilization. Two kinds of sterilizing equipment effectively reduce the probability of pathogens entering the culture pond by adding ozone through the ozone sterilizing and disinfecting device 21 and installing the ultraviolet sterilizing and disinfecting device 22 at the outlet of the biological purification unit 4 in the protein separator 10.
The ozone has good killing effect on bacteria, viruses, parasitic ova and the like in water, and also has good effect on decoloring the water body. In the protein separator 10, the foam separation and ozone oxidation technology are integrated, and an ozone recovery device, a jet foam separation device and an ozone oxidation device are organically combined, so that the performance of the protein separator is further improved.
Ultraviolet (UV) sterilization is a water body sterilization technology widely used at present, and has the advantages of good sterilization effect, no residue, easy control and the like. The channel type ultraviolet disinfection pool with 253.7nm wavelength which has the best effect of killing bacteria is selected. The channel type ultraviolet disinfection pool is characterized in that a plurality of high-strength ultraviolet germicidal lamp tubes are designed into modules and directly installed in high-level and low-level water inlet and outlet sectional flow channels, and specially-made light reflecting plates are installed on the inner side surfaces and the tops of the channels. Circulating water moves up and down in the series connection tank, water is in uniform contact with the lamp tube, contact time is prolonged, and disinfection capacity is improved. The channel type ultraviolet disinfection tank has low tank building cost, large flow, convenient maintenance and cleaning of the lamp tube, higher efficiency than the traditional closed disinfector, and more than 99 percent of bacteria removal rate. In this embodiment, the channel type UV disinfection tank has a specification length of ☓, a width of ☓ and a depth of 3.3m ☓ 0.5.5 m ☓ 1.5.5 m.
The temperature control unit 7 adopts a bidirectional air cooler to control the temperature. The temperature control unit 7 adopts a bidirectional air cooler to control the temperature, the sturgeon belongs to subaqueous water fishes, the water temperature is not higher than 21 ℃ in summer, the bidirectional air cooler is started in a high-temperature period, and the water temperature is kept below 21 ℃. Compared with a running water type culture mode, the circulating water culture mode has the greatest advantage of realizing the energy-saving effect in the aspect of heating or refrigerating of culture water, and the circulating water can save more than 70 percent of energy compared with the running water type culture mode.
The circulating water supply system is also provided with a tail water environment-friendly treatment unit III which is respectively connected with the physical filtering unit 2 and the biological purification unit 4; the tail water environment-friendly treatment unit comprises a circulating fish pond sedimentation tank, a micro-filter, an adjusting tank, a lifting pump, a high-speed fiber precision filter, a discharge ditch, a sludge pond, a horizontal centrifugal spiral concentrator, a dosing device and drying post-treatment. The immersed biological filter tank and the full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter in the biological purification unit regularly discharge waste water and firstly collect in the regulating reservoir, the regulating reservoir is provided with a lift pump to filter the discharged water, 2 sets of high-speed fiber precision filters are adopted and are used for one time, the other equipment is automatically started when one backwashing is realized, the continuous operation is not stopped, the filtered circulating water can be discharged into a main circulation ditch of a plant area to be uniformly discharged, and the backwashing sludge can be discharged into a sludge tank to be preliminarily concentrated. The sludge tank is provided with a lifting pump for lifting the concentrated sludge to a horizontal centrifugal spiral concentrator, the sludge can be concentrated by properly adding a medicament, the filtrate of the concentrator is discharged to a regulating tank, and mud cakes are uniformly treated after being bagged and collected. 5 to 10 percent of sewage in the whole system is discharged, and fresh water is supplemented. The tail water environment-friendly treatment unit is mainly characterized by large water amount, large amount of SS, high concentration of suspended matters and small effective utilization area of land, so that the treatment process which can realize continuous operation can be realized by considering small occupied area, and the discharged wastewater is treated by adopting a combined treatment process of high-speed filtration and high-efficiency concentration. The filtering equipment adopts a high-speed fiber filter, has higher flux, can adjust fiber pores, performs model selection filtering according to different water qualities, and is easy to realize automatic backwashing. The high-efficiency concentration adopts a horizontal centrifugal spiral concentrator, and the equipment has the characteristics of high automation degree, easy realization of continuous operation and good treatment effect
This sturgeon batch production recirculating aquaculture water supply system carries out the changeable formula of two sets of water supply systems to sturgeon culture pond and supplies water, and then has carried out brand-new design again to circulating water supply system, and this circulating water supply system includes that following unit constitutes: the system comprises a culture pond 1, a physical filtering unit 2, a degassing unit 3, a biological purification unit 4, an oxygenation unit 5, a sterilization unit 6, a temperature control unit 7 and other modules, the advancement, stability and economy of the whole system are realized through the processing precision and the coupling among the modules, and the system is designed to have the culture density of more than 60 kg/square meter. The sturgeon industrial aquaculture water supply system constructs a recirculating aquaculture water treatment process which is large in aquaculture density, low in operation energy consumption, stable and efficient in operation, meets the national conditions of China, is suitable for the water quality characteristics of thoroughfare regions and meets the requirements of sturgeon varieties through independent innovation.
As shown in figure 5, the sturgeon industrial recirculating aquaculture water supply system can supply water in a switchable manner by using two sets of water supply systems to the sturgeon culture pond, the two sets of water supply systems can be designed according to the growth and development conditions of sturgeons, and the actual culture needs can be automatically switched between a constant flow water supply system and a recirculating water supply system. Can set up this water supply system of many sets in the mill, all concentrate to be equipped with this water supply system to relatively intensive breed pond, can realize sturgeon and breed: the pollution of tail water discharged by a circulating water supply system is controllably managed: designing an effluent treatment system according to pollutants generated by sturgeon culture, and collecting pollutants in a micro-filter and a primary biological filter; the water supply adopts two sets of water supply systems capable of automatically switching, the constant flow water supply system supplements water sources to select deep well water, the water temperature is stabilized at about 20 ℃ throughout the year, and the energy consumption of the temperature control system is reduced; the production of caviar has no seasonal production controllable: a refrigerator and a bidirectional air cooler are used for temperature regulation, and the temperature regulation is carried out according to the accumulated temperature rule of the growth of the gonads of the sturgeons to control the growth of the gonads of the female fish; the disease control is realized: a double sterilization system, ultraviolet sterilization and ozone sterilization; mode switching of the culture water supply system: the breeding mode of the constant flow water supply system and the breeding mode of the circulating water supply system can be switched, the height of a water outlet pipe of the breeding pond is controlled, and when the constant flow water outlet pipe is higher than a circulating water return pipe, outlet water enters a circulating system; when the circulating water return pipe is higher than the constant flow water outlet pipe, the outlet water directly flows out of the culture area without passing through a circulating water system, and enters a constant flow water culture mode.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a sturgeon industrial recirculating aquaculture water supply system, includes breed pond (1), its characterized in that:
breed pond water supply system constant current water supply system (I) and circulating water supply system (II) including automatic switch-over water supply, circulating water supply system (II) include following unit:
a physical filtering unit (2) for removing residual baits and fish excrement with the particle size of more than 50 mu m; the physical filtering unit (2) is communicated with the culture pond (1);
a degassing unit (3) for removing harmful gases; the degassing unit (3) is arranged at the rear part of the physical filtering unit (2) system;
the biological purification unit (4) is used for purifying the aquaculture water body and controlling the concentration of toxic and harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the aquaculture water body; the biological purification unit (4) is arranged at the rear part of the degassing unit (3) system;
the oxygen increasing unit (5) is used for introducing pure oxygen in the outdoor liquid oxygen tank into the culture system; the oxygenation unit (5) is arranged at the rear part of the biological purification unit (4) system and is communicated with the culture pond (1);
the sterilization unit (6), the sterilization unit (6) is respectively communicated with the physical filtration unit (2) and the biological purification unit (4);
the temperature control unit (7), the temperature control unit (7) is communicated with the biological purification unit (4);
the constant flow water supply system (I) selects deep well water, the constant flow water supply system (I) and the circulating water culture water supply system (II) are switched by controlling the height of a water outlet pipe of the culture pond, the water outlet pipe comprises a constant flow water outlet pipe (30) and a circulating water return pipe (31), and when the constant flow water outlet pipe is higher than the circulating water return pipe, the outlet water enters the circulating water supply system; when the circulating water return pipe is higher than the constant flow water outlet pipe, the circulating water enters the constant flow water supply system.
2. The sturgeon industrial recirculating aquaculture water supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the physical filtering unit (2) comprises a full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter (8), a water pump (9) and a protein separator (10), the full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter (8) is communicated with the culture pond (1) and the water pump (9) through pipelines, and the water pump (9) is communicated with the protein separator (10).
3. The sturgeon industrial recirculating aquaculture water supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter (8) is provided with two sets, and the full-automatic solid-liquid separation micro-filter (8) adopts a high-speed fiber filter with adjustable fiber pores; the protein separator (10) is used for removing micro-particle substances and soluble organic matters, and the protein separator (10) is a jet flow foam separator with an ejector arranged inside.
4. The sturgeon industrial recirculating aquaculture water supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the degassing unit (3) comprises a trickle degassing pool (11) and an aeration device (12).
5. The sturgeon industrial recirculating aquaculture water supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: an immersed biological filter tank is adopted in the biological purification unit (4), and a five-section flowing biological filter tank is adopted in the immersed biological filter tank; the submerged biological filter tank is of a structure shaped like a Chinese character 'tian', and is provided with four partition walls, the submerged biological filter tank adopts a high-level water distributor (25) to feed water, a first partition wall (26) to flow at the bottom of the tank, a second partition wall (27) to flow at a weir crest, a third partition wall (28) to flow at the bottom of the tank, a fourth partition wall (29) to flow at a weir crest, and finally high-level weir crest to discharge water.
6. The sturgeon industrial recirculating aquaculture water supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aeration unit (5) adopts a nano plate for aeration, and the aeration unit (5) comprises an outdoor liquid oxygen tank (13), a pressure reducing valve (14), an evaporator (15), a control valve (16), a flowmeter (17), a liquid level display (18), an oxygen delivery pipeline (19) and an aeration pool (20).
7. The sturgeon industrial recirculating aquaculture water supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sterilizing unit (6) comprises an ozone sterilizing and disinfecting device (21) and an ultraviolet sterilizing and disinfecting device (22), wherein the ozone sterilizing and disinfecting device (21) is used for killing bacteria, viruses and parasitic ova in the physical filtering unit, and the ultraviolet sterilizing and disinfecting device (22) is used for sterilizing and disinfecting the biological purifying unit.
8. The sturgeon factory recirculating aquaculture water supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that: ultraviolet sterilization degassing unit (22) be channel formula ultraviolet ray disinfection pond, channel formula ultraviolet ray disinfection pond inside be provided with ultraviolet germicidal lamp tube module (23) and reflector panel (24), ultraviolet germicidal lamp tube module (23) set up in the segmentation flowing water channel of channel formula ultraviolet ray disinfection pond high-order, low level business turn over water inside, reflector panel (24) set up at channel medial surface and top.
9. The sturgeon factory recirculating aquaculture water supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the temperature control unit (7) adopts a bidirectional air cooler to control the temperature; the circulating water supply system (II) is also provided with a tail water environment-friendly treatment unit (III), and the tail water environment-friendly treatment unit is respectively connected with the physical filtering unit (2) and the biological purification unit (4); the tail water environment-friendly treatment unit comprises an adjusting tank, a lifting pump, a high-speed fiber precision filter, a discharge ditch, a sludge tank, a horizontal centrifugal spiral concentrator, a dosing device and drying aftertreatment.
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| CN109588363A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-04-09 | 正丰源生物科技（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of dynamic maintain of batch production aquatic products is grown and disease control system |
| CN110679534A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-01-14 | 广州中航环保科技有限公司 | Recirculating aquaculture treatment system |
| CN112690232A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-04-23 | 海南勤富实业有限公司 | Industrial tilapia breeding method and process |
| CN111875133A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-03 | 武汉中科瑞华生态科技股份有限公司 | Industrial aquaculture wastewater circulating treatment system |
| CN113135639A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-20 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Aquaculture tail water recycling treatment system and application method |
| CN113693012B (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2022-12-02 | 衢州鲟龙水产食品科技开发有限公司 | Intelligent sturgeon factory circulating water culture system |
| CN114014490A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-02-08 | 北京工商大学 | Intensive industrial recirculating aquaculture system based on ecological environment protection and working method thereof |
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