CN217104952U - Soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam - Google Patents
Soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam Download PDFInfo
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- CN217104952U CN217104952U CN202121723181.2U CN202121723181U CN217104952U CN 217104952 U CN217104952 U CN 217104952U CN 202121723181 U CN202121723181 U CN 202121723181U CN 217104952 U CN217104952 U CN 217104952U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam, the typical cross-section of soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam is trapezoidal or triangle-shaped, and soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam includes: a bottom concrete cushion; the upstream side concrete impermeable layer is arranged on the bottom concrete cushion layer; the soft rock fill concrete dam body is arranged on the bottom concrete cushion layer, and the upstream side of the soft rock fill concrete dam body is connected with the downstream side of the upstream side concrete impermeable layer; the upstream side of the internal soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body is connected with the downstream side of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body; and the downstream side soft rock rockfill concrete protective layer is connected with the downstream side of the internal soft rock cemented rockfill dam body. According to the utility model discloses a soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam through setting up the bottom concrete cushion, is convenient for make level, can improve cohesion, prevents subsiding. The soft rock can be protected by the downstream soft rock-fill concrete protective layer, the soft rock is prevented from contacting the outside, the soft rock can be prevented from being loosened under natural conditions, and the use reliability of the soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the hydraulic engineering technique and specifically relates to a soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam is related to.
Background
In the related art, dams in hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering are mainly divided into two categories, namely rigid material dams and bulk and granular material dams, and the rigid material dams generally comprise: normal concrete dams, roller compacted concrete dams, rockfill concrete dams, masonry dams, and the like, and the bulk material dams generally include: earth dams, earth and rockfill dams, and the like.
However, the dam body in the related art has the disadvantages of poor foundation adaptability, low construction efficiency and low environmental protection efficiency.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses aim at solving one of the technical problem that exists among the prior art at least. Therefore, an object of the utility model is to provide a soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam, soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam foundation strong adaptability, construction speed is fast, and the environmental protection benefit is outstanding.
According to the utility model discloses soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam, the typical cross-section of soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam is trapezoidal or triangle-shaped, soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam includes: a bottom concrete cushion; the upstream side concrete impermeable layer is arranged on the bottom concrete cushion layer; the soft rock fill concrete dam body is arranged on the bottom concrete cushion layer, and the upstream side of the soft rock fill concrete dam body is connected with the downstream side of the upstream side concrete impermeable layer; an internal soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body, an upstream side of the internal soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body being connected to a downstream side of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body; the downstream side soft rock pile concrete protection layer is connected with the downstream side of the internal soft rock cemented rock pile dam body; the soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam comprises at least one dam section, and when the soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam comprises a plurality of dam sections, a water stopping facility is arranged between every two adjacent dam sections; the soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam comprises a plurality of pouring layers, the height of the rockfill of each pouring layer is not less than 0.5m, and self-compacting concrete or self-compacting grouting material is poured from the surface layer of the rockfill to fill the gaps of the rockfill compactly.
According to the utility model discloses soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam through setting up the bottom concrete cushion, is convenient for make level, is favorable to improving cohesion, prevents subsiding. One side of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body is connected with the upstream side concrete impervious layer, the other side of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body is connected with the internal soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body, soft rock can be protected through the downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer, and the soft rock is prevented from contacting with the outside, so that the soft rock can be prevented from collapsing under natural conditions, and the use reliability of the soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam is ensured. Moreover, various mining materials can be comprehensively used by reasonably designing different partitions of the dam body, so that the dam can be built without waste slag, and the environmental protection benefit is remarkable. The soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam foundation has strong adaptability, can be built on a soft foundation, can resist flood overtopping, has excellent safety, and is simple in construction process, high in construction speed and good in engineering economy.
In addition, according to the utility model discloses soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam of above-mentioned embodiment still has following additional technical characterstic:
according to some embodiments of the invention, the upstream face of the typical cross-section is configured as a vertical face; alternatively, the upstream face of the typical section is configured to be inclined downstream at a slope ratio of 1:0 to 1: 0.2; or the upstream surface of the typical section is configured to include a vertical surface and an inclined surface, the bottom of the inclined surface is connected with the bottom concrete pad, and the top of the inclined surface is connected with the vertical surface; the downstream face of the typical cross section is configured to be inclined upstream with a slope ratio of 1:0.6 to 1: 1.5.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, a junction surface of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body and the internal soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body is configured as a vertical surface; or the joint surface of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body and the internal soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body is inclined towards the upstream side, and the slope ratio is 1: 0-1: 0.8.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the bottom concrete cushion is 0.5-2.0 m, the internal soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body is spaced apart from the bottom concrete cushion by a soft rock-fill concrete dam body of a predetermined thickness in the height direction of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam, the minimum value of the predetermined thickness is 2 m; or the minimum value of the preset thickness is 0.05 times of the height of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam; the sum of the thickness of the bottom concrete cushion layer and the thickness of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body is not less than 4 m.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the upstream side concrete impermeable layer is 0.3-1.5 m, and the upstream side concrete impermeable layer is poured simultaneously with the soft rock-fill concrete dam body by using self-compacting concrete; or the upstream side concrete impermeable layer is poured by using normal concrete; the strength grade of the self-compacting concrete and the normal concrete is not lower than C15, and the impermeability grade is not lower than W6.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the thickness of the downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer is not less than 1.0 m.
Further, the outside of the soft rock-fill concrete protective layer of downstream side still is provided with self-compaction concrete layer, self-compaction concrete layer's thickness is 0 ~ 0.5 m.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the soft rock-rock-fill concrete dam body and the rock-fill material in the downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer have a soft rock uniaxial compressive strength of not less than 20MPa, a particle size of not less than 200mm, and a strength grade of self-compacting concrete of not less than C15, the self-compacting concrete being poured and cemented according to the process of rock-fill concrete; or the soft rock-fill concrete dam body and the rock-fill material in the downstream soft rock-fill concrete protective layer use harder rock; or the soft rock-fill concrete dam body and the rock-fill material in the downstream soft rock-fill concrete protective layer use hard rock; or the soft rock-fill concrete dam body and the rock-fill material in the downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer use any proportion of soft rock, harder rock and hard rock.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the small-particle-size rockfill material in the internal soft rock cemented rockfill dam body is soft rock block stone with uniaxial compressive strength not lower than 10MPa and particle size not smaller than 50mm, and the rest soft rock material is crushed into aggregate and stone powder, and the aggregate, the stone powder, cement and admixture are prepared into self-compacting grouting material, and the cementation is performed according to the technology of rock-fill concrete; or the rock of the small-particle-size rockfill in the internal soft rock cemented rockfill dam body is harder rock; or the rocks of the small-particle-size rockfill in the internal soft rock cemented rockfill dam body are hard rocks; or the rock of the small-particle-size rockfill in the internal soft rock cemented rockfill dam body is a combination of soft rock, harder rock and hard rock in any proportion.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the width of the dam section is not less than 15 m; the self-compacting grouting material comprises cement, an admixture, aggregate, water and an additive; the admixture is an active or inert admixture used for concrete; the aggregate is processed by soft rock, or is conventional concrete aggregate, or is a mixture of the soft rock and the conventional concrete aggregate in any proportion; the maximum particle size of the aggregate is not more than 1/10 of the minimum particle size of the rockfill material; the absolute volume of the cement is 2-20%; the absolute volume of the admixture is 0-40%; the absolute volume of the aggregate is 0-60%; the volume of the water is 0.6-1.5 times of the sum of the volumes of the cement and the admixture; the solid content of the additive accounts for 0.03-0.25 percent of the mass sum of the cement and the admixture; the mortar expansion value in the self-compacting grouting material is not less than 250mm or the concrete expansion value is not less than 700mm, and the strength grade of the self-compacting grouting material is not less than C5.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of a soft rock rigid environmental protection dam according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a soft rock rigid environmental protection dam according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a soft rock rigid environmental protection dam according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam comprises a soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100, a bottom concrete cushion layer 1, an upstream side concrete impermeable layer 2, a soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3, an internal soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body 4 and a downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
A soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
With reference to fig. 1 to 3, according to the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, the typical cross section of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 is trapezoidal or triangular, and the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 includes: the soft rock-fill dam comprises a bottom concrete cushion layer 1, an upstream side concrete impermeable layer 2, a soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3, an internal soft rock-fill dam body 4 and a downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, an upstream-side concrete impermeable layer 2 is provided on a bottom concrete pad 1; the soft rock fill concrete dam body 3 is arranged on the bottom concrete cushion layer 1, and the upstream side of the soft rock fill concrete dam body 3 is connected with the downstream side of the upstream side concrete impermeable layer 2; the upstream side of the internal soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body 4 is connected with the downstream side of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3; the downstream side soft rock pile concrete protection layer 5 is connected with the downstream side of the inner soft rock cemented rock pile dam body 4.
According to the utility model discloses soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam 100 through setting up bottom concrete cushion 1, is convenient for make level, is favorable to improving cohesion, prevents subsiding. One side of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3 is connected with the upstream side concrete impervious layer 2, the other side of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3 is connected with the internal soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body 4, soft rock can be protected through the downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5, contact between the soft rock and the outside is avoided, accordingly, the soft rock can be prevented from collapsing under natural conditions, and the use reliability of the soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam 100 is guaranteed.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 includes at least one dam segment, and when the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 includes a plurality of dam segments, a water stop facility is provided between two adjacent dam segments, which is favorable for ensuring the reliability of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100.
The soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 comprises a plurality of pouring layers, the height of rockfill of each pouring layer is not lower than 0.5m, and self-compacting concrete or self-compacting grouting material is poured from the surface layer of the rockfill to fill the gaps of the rockfill compactly. From this, can reduce the construction degree of difficulty, improve the efficiency of construction through the rockfill height that sets up every layer of pouring.
According to the utility model discloses soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam 100, the different subregion through the rational design dam body can use various exploitation materials comprehensively, can realize not abandoning the sediment and build the dam, and the environmental protection benefit is outstanding. The soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam foundation has strong adaptability, can be built on a soft foundation, can resist flood overtopping, has excellent safety, and is simple in construction process, high in construction speed and good in engineering economy.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the upstream face of the typical cross section of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 may be configured as a vertical face.
Referring to fig. 2, according to some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the upstream face of the typical cross-section of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 may also be configured to be inclined downstream, and when the upstream face of the typical cross-section of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 is configured to be inclined downstream, the slope ratio is 1:0 to 1: 0.2. Here, the "slope ratio" referred to in the present application refers to a ratio of a vertical height to a horizontal height.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, according to some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the upstream face of the typical cross-section of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 may be further configured to include a vertical face and an inclined face, the bottom of the inclined face may be connected to the bottom concrete pad 1, and the top of the inclined face is connected to the vertical face.
For example, the slope surface is from the building base surface, the slope folding point can be set at any height of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100, and the vertical surface is above the slope folding point.
With reference to fig. 1 to 3, the downstream surface of a typical section of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 may be configured to be inclined upstream at a slope ratio of 1:0.6 to 1: 1.5.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the faying surface of soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3 and inside soft rock cementation rock-fill dam body 4 can be constructed into vertical face.
Referring to fig. 1-3, according to some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the interface of the soft rock-fill concrete dam 3 with the internal soft rock-cemented rock-fill dam 4 may also be configured to slope to the upstream side with a slope ratio of 1: 0-1: 0.8.
Referring to fig. 1, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom concrete pad 1 has a thickness of 0.5-2.0 m.
In the height direction of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam, for example, the up-down direction shown in fig. 1, the inner soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body 4 is spaced apart from the bottom concrete cushion layer 1 by a soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3 of a predetermined thickness, the minimum value of which is 2 m; alternatively, the predetermined thickness may be a minimum value of 0.05 times the height of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100.
The sum of the thickness of the bottom concrete cushion layer 1 and the thickness of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3 is not less than 4 m.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the upstream side concrete impermeable layer 1 is 0.3 to 1.5 m.
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the upstream side concrete impermeable layer 2 may be cast simultaneously with the soft rock fill concrete dam body 3 using self-compacting concrete. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the upstream side concrete impermeable layer 2 may also be cast using normal concrete. The strength grade of the self-compacting concrete and the normal concrete is not lower than C15, and the impermeability grade is not lower than W6. This is advantageous for ensuring the operational reliability of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100.
Referring to fig. 1, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the downstream side soft rock-rock concrete protective layer 5 is not less than 1.0 m. Therefore, the soft rock can be protected by the downstream soft rock-filled concrete protective layer 5, and the soft rock is prevented from contacting with the outside, so that the soft rock can be prevented from being loosened under natural conditions, and the use reliability of the soft rock rigid environmental-friendly dam 100 is ensured.
Further, the outside of the soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5 of downstream side still is provided with self-compaction concrete layer (not shown in the figure), self-compaction concrete layer's thickness is 0 ~ 0.5 m. Therefore, soft rock can be better protected by the self-compacting concrete layer and the downstream side soft rock pile concrete protective layer 5, and the contact between the soft rock and the outside is avoided, so that the soft rock can be prevented from being loosened under natural conditions, and the use reliability of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 can be further ensured.
According to the utility model discloses a some embodiments, the rockfill material in soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3 and the downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5, soft rock unipolar compressive strength is not less than 20MPa, the particle diameter is not less than 200mm, and the intensity grade of self-compaction concrete is not less than C15, and the cementation is pour according to the technology of rock-fill concrete to self-compaction concrete.
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the rockfill material in the soft rock-fill concrete dam 3 and the downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5 uses harder rock; or, the rockfill in the soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3 and the downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5 uses hard rock; alternatively, the rockfill material in the soft rock-fill concrete dam 3 and the downstream-side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5 uses a combination of soft rock, harder rock, and hard rock in any proportion.
According to the utility model discloses a some embodiments, the small-size footpath rockfill in inside soft rock cementation rockfill dam body 4 is not less than 10MPa, the particle size is not less than 50 mm's soft rock piece stone for unipolar compressive strength, uses the broken aggregate and the mountain flour of making of all the other soft rock pieces and prepares into self-compaction grouting material with cement, admixture, pours the cementation according to the technology of rock-fill concrete.
In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the rock of the small particle size rockfill material in the internal soft rock cemented rockfill dam 4 is harder rock; or the rock of the small-particle-size rockfill in the internal soft rock cemented rockfill dam body 4 is hard rock; alternatively, the rock of the small particle size rockfill material in the internal soft rock cemented rockfill dam 4 is a combination of soft rock, harder rock and hard rock in any proportion.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the width of the dam section is not less than 15 m; the self-compacting grouting material comprises cement, admixture, aggregate, water and additive; the admixture is an active or inert admixture used for concrete, for example, the admixture can be fly ash, mineral powder, stone powder and the like; the aggregate is processed by soft rock, or is conventional concrete aggregate, or is a mixture of the soft rock and the conventional concrete aggregate in any proportion; the maximum particle size of the aggregate is not more than 1/10 of the minimum particle size of the rockfill material; the absolute volume of the cement is 2-20 percent; the absolute volume of the admixture is 0 to 40 percent; the absolute volume of the aggregate is 0-60%; the volume of the water is 0.6-1.5 times of the sum of the volumes of the cement and the admixture; the solid content of the admixture accounts for 0.03 to 0.25 percent of the mass sum of the cement and the admixture; the mortar expansion value in the self-compacting grouting material is not less than 250mm or the concrete expansion value is not less than 700mm, and the strength grade of the self-compacting grouting material is not less than C5.
According to the utility model discloses soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam 100, soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam 100's typical cross-section is trapezoidal or triangle-shaped, and soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam 100 includes: the soft rock-filled rock-fill dam comprises a lower concrete cushion layer 1, an upstream side concrete impermeable layer 2, a soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3, an internal soft rock-fill dam body 4 and a downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5. The concrete material in the soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam 100 is normal concrete or self-compacting concrete, the soft rock-fill concrete is rock-fill concrete using soft rock as rock-fill material, the soft rock cemented rock-fill is a material formed by cementing small-particle-size soft rock particles which cannot be used for the soft rock-fill concrete by using a cement-based material, various mining materials can be comprehensively used in different zones of the soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam 100 through reasonable design, the construction of the dam without waste slag can be realized, and the environmental protection benefit is outstanding.
According to the utility model discloses soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam 100, ground strong adaptability can build on soft foundation, can resist flood overtopping, has excellent security, and construction process is simple simultaneously, construction speed is fast, engineering economy is good.
Several embodiments of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, according to the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, a typical cross section of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 is trapezoidal or triangular, and the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 includes: the soft rock-fill dam comprises a bottom concrete cushion layer 1, an upstream side concrete impermeable layer 2, a soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3, an internal soft rock-fill dam body 4 and a downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, an upstream-side concrete impermeable layer 2 is provided on a bottom concrete pad 1; the soft rock fill concrete dam body 3 is arranged on the bottom concrete cushion layer 1, and the upstream side of the soft rock fill concrete dam body 3 is connected with the downstream side of the upstream side concrete impermeable layer 2; the upstream side of the internal soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body 4 is connected with the downstream side of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3; the downstream side soft rock pile concrete protection layer 5 is connected with the downstream side of the inner soft rock cemented rock pile dam body 4.
According to the utility model discloses soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam 100 through setting up bottom concrete cushion 1, is convenient for make level, is favorable to improving cohesion, prevents subsiding. One side of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3 is connected with the upstream side concrete impervious layer 2, the other side of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3 is connected with the internal soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body 4, soft rock can be protected through the downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5, contact between the soft rock and the outside is avoided, accordingly, the soft rock can be prevented from collapsing under natural conditions, and the use reliability of the soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam 100 is guaranteed.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 includes at least one dam segment, and when the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 includes a plurality of dam segments, a water stop facility is provided between two adjacent dam segments, which is favorable for ensuring the reliability of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100.
The soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 comprises a plurality of pouring layers, the height of rockfill of each pouring layer is not lower than 0.5m, and self-compacting concrete or self-compacting grouting material is poured from the surface layer of the rockfill to fill the gaps of the rockfill compactly. From this, can reduce the construction degree of difficulty, improve the efficiency of construction through the rockfill height that sets up every layer of pouring.
According to the utility model discloses soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam 100, the different subregion through the rational design dam body can use various exploitation materials comprehensively, can realize not abandoning the sediment and build the dam, and the environmental protection benefit is outstanding. The soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam foundation has strong adaptability, can be built on a soft foundation, can resist flood overtopping, has excellent safety, and is simple in construction process, high in construction speed and good in engineering economy.
Referring to fig. 2, according to some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the upstream face of the typical cross-section of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 may also be configured to be inclined downstream, and when the upstream face of the typical cross-section of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 is configured to be inclined downstream, the slope ratio is 1:0 to 1: 0.2. Here, the "slope ratio" referred to in the present application refers to a ratio of a vertical height to a horizontal height.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, according to some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the upstream face of the typical cross-section of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 may be further configured to include a vertical face and an inclined face, the bottom of the inclined face may be connected to the bottom concrete pad 1, and the top of the inclined face is connected to the vertical face.
For example, the slope surface is from the building base surface, the slope folding point can be set at any height of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100, and the vertical surface is above the slope folding point.
With reference to fig. 1 to 3, the downstream surface of a typical section of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 may be configured to be inclined upstream at a slope ratio of 1:0.6 to 1: 1.5.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the faying surface of soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3 and inside soft rock cementation rock-fill dam body 4 can be constructed into vertical face.
Referring to fig. 1-3, according to some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the interface of the soft rock-fill concrete dam 3 with the internal soft rock-cemented rock-fill dam 4 may also be configured to slope to the upstream side with a slope ratio of 1: 0-1: 0.8.
Referring to fig. 1, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom concrete pad 1 has a thickness of 0.5-2.0 m.
In the height direction of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam, for example, the up-down direction shown in fig. 1, the inner soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body 4 is spaced apart from the bottom concrete cushion layer 1 by a soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3 of a predetermined thickness, the minimum value of which is 2 m; alternatively, the predetermined thickness may be a minimum value of 0.05 times the height of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100.
The sum of the thickness of the bottom concrete cushion layer 1 and the thickness of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3 is not less than 4 m.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the upstream side concrete impermeable layer 1 is 0.3 to 1.5 m.
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the upstream side concrete impermeable layer 2 may be cast simultaneously with the soft rock fill concrete dam body 3 using self-compacting concrete. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the upstream side concrete impermeable layer 2 may also be cast using normal concrete. The strength grade of the self-compacting concrete and the normal concrete is not lower than C15, and the impermeability grade is not lower than W6. This is advantageous for ensuring the operational reliability of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100.
Referring to fig. 1, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the downstream side soft rock-rock concrete protective layer 5 is not less than 1.0 m. Therefore, the soft rock can be protected by the downstream soft rock-filled concrete protective layer 5, and the soft rock is prevented from contacting with the outside, so that the soft rock can be prevented from being loosened under natural conditions, and the use reliability of the soft rock rigid environmental-friendly dam 100 is ensured.
According to the utility model discloses a some embodiments, the rockfill material in soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3 and the downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5, soft rock unipolar compressive strength is not less than 20MPa, the particle diameter is not less than 200mm, and the intensity grade of self-compaction concrete is not less than C15, and the cementation is pour according to the technology of rock-fill concrete to self-compaction concrete.
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the rockfill material in the soft rock-fill concrete dam 3 and the downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5 uses harder rock; or, hard rocks are used as the rockfill materials in the soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3 and the downstream soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5; alternatively, the rockfill material in the soft rock-fill concrete dam 3 and the downstream-side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5 uses a combination of soft rock, harder rock, and hard rock in any proportion.
According to the utility model discloses a some embodiments, the small-size footpath rockfill in inside soft rock cementation rockfill dam body 4 is not less than 10MPa, the particle size is not less than 50 mm's soft rock piece stone for unipolar compressive strength, uses the broken aggregate and the mountain flour of making of all the other soft rock pieces and prepares into self-compaction grouting material with cement, admixture, pours the cementation according to the technology of rock-fill concrete.
In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the rock of the small particle size rockfill material in the internal soft rock cemented rockfill dam 4 is harder rock; or the rock of the small-particle-size rockfill in the internal soft rock cemented rockfill dam body 4 is hard rock; alternatively, the rock of the small particle size rockfill material in the internal soft rock cemented rockfill dam 4 is a combination of soft rock, harder rock and hard rock in any proportion.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the width of the dam section is not less than 15 m; the self-compacting grouting material comprises cement, admixture, aggregate, water and additive; the admixture is an active or inert admixture used for concrete, for example, the admixture can be fly ash, mineral powder, stone powder and the like; the aggregate is processed by soft rock, or is conventional concrete aggregate, or is a mixture of the soft rock and the conventional concrete aggregate in any proportion; the maximum particle size of the aggregate is not more than 1/10 of the minimum particle size of the rockfill material; the absolute volume of the cement is 2-20 percent; the absolute volume of the admixture is 0 to 40 percent; the absolute volume of the aggregate is 0-60%; the volume of the water is 0.6-1.5 times of the sum of the volumes of the cement and the admixture; the solid content of the admixture accounts for 0.03 to 0.25 percent of the mass sum of the cement and the admixture; the mortar expansion value in the self-compacting grouting material is not less than 250mm or the concrete expansion value is not less than 700mm, and the strength grade of the self-compacting grouting material is not less than C5.
According to the utility model discloses soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam 100, soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam 100's typical cross-section is trapezoidal or triangle-shaped, and soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam 100 includes: the soft rock-filled rock-fill dam comprises a lower concrete cushion layer 1, an upstream side concrete impermeable layer 2, a soft rock-fill concrete dam body 3, an internal soft rock-fill dam body 4 and a downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5. The concrete material in the soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam 100 is normal concrete or self-compacting concrete, the soft rock-fill concrete is rock-fill concrete using soft rock as rock-fill material, the soft rock cemented rock-fill is a material formed by cementing small-particle-size soft rock particles which cannot be used for the soft rock-fill concrete by using a cement-based material, various mining materials can be comprehensively used in different zones of the soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam 100 through reasonable design, the construction of the dam without waste slag can be realized, and the environmental protection benefit is outstanding.
According to the utility model discloses soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam 100, ground strong adaptability can build on soft foundation, can resist flood overtopping, has excellent security, and construction process is simple simultaneously, construction speed is fast, engineering economy is good.
Example two:
referring to fig. 2, the second embodiment has substantially the same structure as the first embodiment except that, in the second embodiment, the upstream surface of the typical cross section of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 may be configured as a vertical surface according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Further, the outside of the soft rock-fill concrete protective layer 5 of downstream side still is provided with self-compaction concrete layer (not shown in the figure), self-compaction concrete layer's thickness is 0 ~ 0.5 m. Therefore, soft rock can be better protected by the self-compacting concrete layer and the downstream side soft rock pile concrete protective layer 5, and the contact between the soft rock and the outside is avoided, so that the soft rock can be prevented from being loosened under natural conditions, and the use reliability of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 can be further ensured.
Other constructions and operations of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam, its characterized in that, the cross section of soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam is trapezoidal or triangle-shaped, soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam includes:
a bottom concrete cushion;
the upstream side concrete impermeable layer is arranged on the bottom concrete cushion layer;
the soft rock fill concrete dam body is arranged on the bottom concrete cushion layer, and the upstream side of the soft rock fill concrete dam body is connected with the downstream side of the upstream side concrete impermeable layer;
an internal soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body, an upstream side of the internal soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body being connected to a downstream side of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body; and
a downstream side soft rock pile concrete protective layer connected to a downstream side of the internal soft rock cemented rock pile dam body;
the soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam comprises at least one dam section, and when the soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam comprises a plurality of dam sections, a water stopping facility is arranged between every two adjacent dam sections;
the soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam comprises a plurality of pouring layers, the height of the rockfill of each pouring layer is not less than 0.5m, and self-compacting concrete or self-compacting grouting material is poured from the surface layer of the rockfill to fill the gaps of the rockfill compactly.
2. The soft rock rigid environmental protection dam of claim 1,
the upstream face of the cross-section is configured as a vertical face; or the upstream surface of the cross section is inclined towards the downstream, and the slope ratio is 1: 0-1: 0.2; or the upstream surface of the cross section is configured to comprise a vertical surface and an inclined surface, the bottom of the inclined surface is connected with the bottom concrete cushion layer, and the top of the inclined surface is connected with the vertical surface;
the downstream surface of the cross section is configured to be inclined upstream with a slope ratio of 1: 0.6-1: 1.5.
3. The soft rock rigid environmental protection dam of claim 1,
the joint surface of the soft rock rockfill concrete dam body and the internal soft rock cemented rockfill dam body is constructed into a vertical surface; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the joint surface of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body and the internal soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body is inclined towards the upstream side, and the slope ratio is 1: 0-1: 0.8.
4. The soft rock rigid environmental protection dam of claim 1,
the thickness of the bottom concrete cushion is 0.5-2.0 m,
in the height direction of the soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam, the internal soft rock cemented rock-fill dam body is spaced from the bottom concrete cushion layer through a soft rock-fill concrete dam body with a preset thickness, and the minimum value of the preset thickness is 2 m; or the minimum value of the preset thickness is 0.05 times of the height of the soft rock rigid environmental protection dam;
the sum of the thickness of the bottom concrete cushion layer and the thickness of the soft rock-fill concrete dam body is not less than 4 m.
5. The soft rock rigid environmental protection dam of claim 1,
the thickness of the upstream side concrete impermeable layer is 0.3-1.5 m,
the upstream side concrete impervious layer is simultaneously poured with the soft rock-fill concrete dam body by using self-compacting concrete; or the upstream side concrete impermeable layer is poured by using normal concrete;
the strength grade of the self-compacting concrete and the normal concrete is not lower than C15, and the impermeability grade is not lower than W6.
6. The soft rock rigid environmental protection dam of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer is not less than 1.0 m.
7. The soft rock rigid environmental protection dam as recited in claim 6, wherein a self-compacting concrete layer is further arranged on the outer side of the downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protection layer, and the thickness of the self-compacting concrete layer is 0-0.5 m.
8. The soft rock rigid environmental protection dam of claim 1,
the soft rock-fill concrete dam body and the rock-fill material in the downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer have the soft rock uniaxial compressive strength of not less than 20MPa, the particle size of not less than 200mm, and the strength grade of self-compacting concrete of not less than C15, wherein the self-compacting concrete is poured and cemented according to the process of rock-fill concrete; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the soft rock-fill concrete dam body and the rock-fill material in the downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer use harder rock; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the soft rock-fill concrete dam body and the rock-fill material in the downstream side soft rock-fill concrete protective layer use hard rock.
9. The soft rock rigid environmental protection dam of claim 1,
the small-particle-size rockfill in the internal soft rock cemented rockfill dam body is soft rock with uniaxial compressive strength not lower than 10MPa and particle size not smaller than 50mm, and pouring cementation is carried out according to the technology of rockfill concrete;
or the rock of the small-particle-size rockfill in the internal soft rock cemented rockfill dam body is harder rock; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the rock of the small-particle-size rockfill in the internal soft rock cemented rockfill dam body is hard rock.
10. Soft rock rigid environmental protection dam according to any one of claims 1-9,
the width of the dam section is not less than 15 m;
the mortar expansion value in the self-compacting grouting material is not less than 250mm or the concrete expansion value is not less than 700mm, and the strength grade of the self-compacting grouting material is not less than C5.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113494065A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-12 | 清华大学 | Soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam |
| CN117845829A (en) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-04-09 | 四川省水利科学研究院 | Water conservancy flood control embankment structure and construction equipment and application method thereof |
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2021
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113494065A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-12 | 清华大学 | Soft rock rigid environment-friendly dam |
| CN113494065B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2024-06-11 | 清华大学 | Soft rock rigidity environmental protection dam |
| CN117845829A (en) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-04-09 | 四川省水利科学研究院 | Water conservancy flood control embankment structure and construction equipment and application method thereof |
| CN117845829B (en) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-05-10 | 四川省水利科学研究院 | Water conservancy flood control embankment structure and construction equipment and application method thereof |
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