CN212477619U - Cemented blasting rock-fill dam - Google Patents
Cemented blasting rock-fill dam Download PDFInfo
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- CN212477619U CN212477619U CN202021597935.XU CN202021597935U CN212477619U CN 212477619 U CN212477619 U CN 212477619U CN 202021597935 U CN202021597935 U CN 202021597935U CN 212477619 U CN212477619 U CN 212477619U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a cementation blasting rock-fill dam, include: the dam body is subjected to one-time or multiple-time directional blasting, rockfill materials at the dam shoulder stock ground part are directly thrown to the dam site according to a preset direction and distance, and the dam body is subjected to structural cementing reinforcement by adopting self-flow grouting; and the seepage-proofing body is arranged on the upstream surface of the dam body and is formed by pouring rock-fill concrete on the upstream surface. According to the cementing blasting rock-fill dam of the utility model, the explosive is fully utilized for directional blasting, and the rock blasted and crushed by the dam abutment is thrown to the position of the dam body according to the preset direction for piling, so that the workload of excavation, transportation, filling and the like can be greatly reduced; by adopting the self-flow control grouting and structured cementing technology, the cementing material can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the rockfill material strength can be obviously improved by using a small amount of cementing material, so that the using amount of rockfill dam materials is reduced; the porosity of rockfill materials of the dam body can be reduced, the non-uniform settlement of the dam body is reduced, and the cracking of the seepage-proofing body is effectively inhibited.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the hydraulic engineering technique and specifically relates to a cement blasting rock-fill dam is related to.
Background
The related blasting rock-fill dam is a dam formed by pre-digging a powder chamber in a mountain body, placing explosive to detonate, throwing rocks in a preset direction and intercepting accumulated riverways, and has the advantages of saving stone space for building the dam, reducing construction engineering cost and accelerating construction engineering progress. However, the grain size of the accumulated rock blocks formed by directional blasting is difficult to accurately control, the porosity of the accumulated rock blocks cannot be controlled, the porosity of the dam is extremely uneven, local pores are large and even overhead, the accumulated rock blocks deform greatly, the deformation convergence lasts for a long time, the seepage-proofing system is damaged due to excessive deformation of the dam, fine grains of the dam are lost due to long-term seepage, the deformation of the dam is aggravated, and the blasting rock-fill dam has the characteristic of frequent maintenance and reinforcement.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention aims at solving at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. Therefore, the utility model provides a cementation blasting rock-fill dam, cementation blasting rock-fill dam improves the intensity of dam body rockfill material effectively, reduces the porosity of dam body rockfill material, reduces the non-uniformity of dam body and subsides, restraines the fracture of prevention of seepage body.
According to the utility model discloses glued blasting rock-fill dam of first aspect embodiment includes: the dam body is subjected to one-time or multiple-time directional blasting and is provided with a dam abutment, rockfill at the stock ground of the dam abutment is directly thrown to the dam site according to a preset direction and distance, and the dam body is subjected to structural cementing reinforcement by adopting self-flow grouting; and the seepage-proofing body is arranged on the upstream surface of the dam body, and is formed by pouring rock-fill concrete on the upstream surface.
According to the cemented blasting rock-fill dam of the embodiment of the utility model, the explosive is fully utilized for directional blasting, and the rock burst at the dam abutment is thrown to the position of the dam body according to the preset direction for piling, so that the workload of excavation, transportation, filling and the like can be greatly reduced; by adopting the self-flow control grouting and structured cementing technology, the cementing material can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the rockfill material strength can be obviously improved by using a small amount of cementing material, so that the using amount of rockfill dam materials is reduced; the porosity of rockfill materials of the dam body can be reduced, the non-uniform settlement of the dam body is reduced, and the cracking of the seepage-proofing body is effectively inhibited. The cemented blasting rock-fill dam has the advantages of simple process, high construction speed, low manufacturing cost and environmental protection, and is particularly suitable for remote mountainous areas which are inconvenient to traffic and lack of building materials.
In addition, according to the utility model discloses glued blasting rock-fill dam can also have following additional technical characterstic:
according to some embodiments of the utility model, the self-compaction grout is transported the cementation region in the blasting rockfill material through pump sending or concrete mixer truck and is structuralized bondings and consolidate, and the self-compaction grout flows along blasting rockfill material hole under the action of gravity, and the part granular material that will blast in the rockfill material bonds into the cementite, forms cementite-granular composite construction that looses.
Furthermore, the structural cementing is to adopt self-compacting grouting materials with different flowing properties and strengths to reinforce the rockfill material according to the requirements of different parts of the dam body.
Further, the stability, stress, strain and settlement of the unconsolidated dam are analyzed by adopting a design method of an earth-rock dam or a rockfill dam, a position needing to control settlement deformation and a position with high shearing resistance requirement are obtained, self-compacting grouting material containing a predetermined amount of cementing material is poured into the position needing to control settlement deformation, and the grouting amount is controlled.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the predetermined amount of the cementing material is 1% -10% of the mass of the cementing material, the grouting amount is controlled to be 3% -10% of the volume of the corresponding dam body, and the grouting diffusion range is controlled by adjusting the fluidity and viscosity of the cementing material.
According to the utility model discloses a some embodiments, the position that requires high is cut to the counterwork, has poured into the self-compaction grouting material of higher strength, the intensity level of self-compaction grouting material is C10 ~ C50.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting grouting material is at least one of self-compacting mortar or self-compacting concrete.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the mortar expansion degree of the self-compacting mortar is 200mm-350mm, the mortar V-shaped funnel passing time of the self-compacting mortar is 2s-20s, the expansion degree of the self-compacting concrete is 550mm-750mm, and the V-shaped funnel passing time of the self-compacting concrete is 5s-30 s; for self-compacting mortar or self-compacting concrete with an expansion degree which does not meet the requirements, a vibration roller or a vibrator can be adopted to provide external force to assist the flowing filling of the grouting material in the gap.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the impermeable body is formed by repairing the rockfill material in a predetermined range of the upstream impermeable area, and pouring self-compacting concrete or mortar with a predetermined strength until compacting; the predetermined range is not less than 0.5m, and the intensity grade of the predetermined intensity is C10-C50.
According to the utility model discloses the construction method of cemented blasting rock-fill dam of second aspect embodiment, the dam body adopts one or many times directional blasting, directly drops the rockfill material at dam abutment stock ground position to dam site department according to predetermined direction and distance, then adopts the grout of flowing automatically to carry out the structural cement to the dam body and consolidate, the seepage prevention body adopts and pours the rock-fill concrete at the upstream face and forms the seepage prevention body prevention of seepage of upper reaches.
According to the cemented blasting rock-fill dam and the construction method thereof provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the explosive is fully utilized for directional blasting, and the rock burst at the dam abutment is thrown to the position of the dam body according to the preset direction for stacking, so that the workload of excavation, transportation, filling and the like can be greatly reduced; by adopting the self-flow control grouting and structured cementing technology, the cementing material can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the rockfill material strength can be obviously improved by using a small amount of cementing material, so that the using amount of rockfill dam materials is reduced; the porosity of rockfill materials of the dam body can be reduced, the non-uniform settlement of the dam body is reduced, and the cracking of the seepage-proofing body is effectively inhibited.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cemented blasting rock-fill dam according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a circled portion in fig. 1.
Reference numerals:
100: cementing and blasting the rock-fill dam;
1: a dam body;
2: an impervious body;
3: a cementing body;
4: a particulate body;
5: self-compacting grouting material;
6: and (5) a dam foundation.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The applicant finds that the self-compacting cement-based material pouring rockfill material can form cemented rockfill material, and a cemented body-granular body composite structure with a certain space structure can be formed in granular bodies by controlling the fluidity, the viscosity and the pouring amount of the self-compacting cement-based material, wherein the cemented body can obviously improve the shear strength, the elastic modulus and the deformation modulus of the cemented body-granular body composite material through the hydration of the cement-based material, and simultaneously keep the connectivity and the water permeability of the original pore structure of the granular bodies.
A cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a dam body 1 and an impermeable body 2.
Specifically, the dam body 1 adopts one or more times of directional blasting, the dam body is provided with a dam abutment, rockfill at the stock ground of the dam abutment is directly thrown to the dam site according to the preset direction and distance for piling, and the dam body is structurally cemented and reinforced by adopting self-flow grouting. The impervious body 2 can be arranged on the upstream surface of the dam body 1, and the impervious body 2 is formed by pouring rock-fill concrete on the upstream surface.
Therefore, according to the cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the explosive is fully utilized for directional blasting, and the rock blasted and crushed by the dam abutment is thrown to the position of the dam body (for example, the dam foundation 6 shown in fig. 1) according to the preset direction to be stacked, so that the workload of excavation, transportation, filling and the like can be greatly reduced; by adopting the self-flow control grouting and structured cementing technology, the cementing material can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the rockfill material strength can be obviously improved by using a small amount of cementing material, so that the using amount of rockfill dam materials is reduced; the porosity of rockfill materials of the dam body can be reduced, the non-uniform settlement of the dam body is reduced, and the cracking of the seepage-proofing body is effectively inhibited.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the grout of flowing automatically can carry the cementation region of self-compaction grout material 5 in transporting blasting rockfill material to carry out the structural cementation and consolidate through professional equipment such as pumping installations or concrete mixer, self-compaction grout material 5 flows along blasting rockfill material hole under the action of gravity, and the part of the loose granule 4 in the rockfill material that will blast bonds into cementated body 3, forms cementated body-loose granule composite construction. Therefore, the mechanical property can be improved, the porosity can be reduced, and the pores of the cementing body can be densely filled with slurry and can also be partially filled to form a high-porosity cementing body. Here, Self-Compacting Concrete (Self Compacting Concrete or Self-Compacting Concrete SCC) refers to Concrete that can flow and compact under its own weight, completely fill a form even in the presence of dense reinforcing bars, and at the same time, obtain good homogeneity without additional vibration.
Further, the structural cementing is to adopt self-compacting grouting materials 5 with different flowing properties and strengths to reinforce the rockfill material according to the requirements of different parts of the dam body.
According to the utility model discloses a some embodiments can adopt the design method of earth and rockfill dam or rockfill dam, carry out the analysis to stability, stress, meeting an emergency and the subsidence of unconsolidated dam, obtain the position that needs control subside deformation and the position that the requirement of shearing is high, to the position that needs control to subside the deformation, fill the self-compaction grouting material including the predetermined amount cementitious material, and control the grout volume.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the predetermined amount of the cementing material is 1% -10% of the mass of the cementing material, the grouting amount is controlled to be 3% -10% of the volume of the corresponding dam body, and the grouting diffusion range is controlled by adjusting the fluidity and viscosity of the cementing material.
For example, in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the predetermined amount of cement is 1% by mass of cement; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the predetermined amount of the gelling material is 3% by mass of the gelling material; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the predetermined amount of the gelling material is 5% by mass of the gelling material; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the predetermined amount of the gelling material is 8% by mass of the gelling material; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the predetermined amount of cement is 10% by mass of cement.
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the grouting amount is controlled to be 3% of the corresponding dam volume; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the grouting amount is controlled to be 5% of the corresponding dam volume; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the grouting amount is controlled to be 7% of the volume of the corresponding dam body; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the grouting amount is controlled to be 10% of the corresponding dam volume.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the position that requires high is cut to the counterwork, has poured the self-compaction grouting material of higher strength, and the intensity level of self-compaction grouting material is C10 ~ C50. Here, the portion with high shear requirement needs to be calculated by stability analysis, and in some embodiments, the portion with high shear requirement may refer to a position with poor anti-slip stability, such as a sliding surface.
For example, in some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the strength rating of the self-compacting grout may be C10; in some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the strength rating of the self-compacting grout may be C20; in some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the strength rating of the self-compacting grout may be C30; in some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the strength rating of the self-compacting grout may be C40; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the strength rating of the self-compacting grout may be C50.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the structural cementing can adopt self-compaction grouting materials with different flowing properties and strengths to reinforce the rockfill material according to the requirements of different parts of the dam, adopts the design method of the earth-rock dam or the rockfill dam, analyzes the stability, stress, strain and settlement of the unconsolidated dam, obtains the part needing to control the settlement deformation and the part with high shearing resistance requirement, can pour the self-compaction grouting material with only a small amount of cementing material to the part needing to control the settlement deformation, and the grouting amount should be controlled; the self-compacting grouting material with higher strength can be poured into the position needing higher shear strength.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting grouting material is at least one of self-compacting mortar or self-compacting concrete. Therefore, the self-compacting grouting material can adapt to bulk material stacking bodies with different porosities by adopting self-compacting grouting materials with different forms, and the adaptability of the self-compacting grouting material is further enhanced.
For example, in some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting grouting material may be self-compacting cement mortar; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting grouting material may be self-compacting concrete; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting grouting material may also be one or more of self-compacting cement mortar and self-compacting concrete. Of course, the self-compacting grouting material may also include other materials, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the mortar expansion of the self-compacting mortar is 200mm to 350mm, and the mortar V-shaped funnel passing time of the self-compacting mortar is 2s to 20 s. Further, the mortar expansion degree of the self-compacting mortar is 250-330 mm, and the mortar V-shaped funnel passing time of the self-compacting mortar is 6-12 s.
The expansion degree of the self-compacting concrete is 550mm-750mm, and the passing time of a V-shaped funnel of the self-compacting concrete is 5s-30 s. Furthermore, the expansion degree of the self-compacting concrete is 600mm-750mm, and the passing time of a V-shaped funnel of the self-compacting concrete is 7s-20 s.
Wherein, to the self-compaction mortar or the self-compaction concrete that the extension does not satisfy above-mentioned requirement, can also adopt equipment such as vibration to grind or vibrator to provide the supplementary grout material of external force and fill in the flow in space.
For example, in some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting mortar may have an extension of 200 mm; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting mortar may have an extension of 250 mm; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting mortar may have an extension of 300 mm; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting mortar may have an extension of 330 mm; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting mortar may have an extension of 350 mm.
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the mortar V-shaped funnel of the self-compacting mortar may pass for 2 s; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the mortar V-shaped funnel of the self-compacting mortar may pass for 6 s; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the mortar V-shaped funnel of the self-compacting mortar may pass for 8 s; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the mortar V-shaped funnel of the self-compacting mortar may pass for 10 s; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the mortar V-shaped funnel of the self-compacting mortar may pass for 12 s; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the mortar V-funnel of the self-compacting mortar may pass for 20 s.
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting concrete may have an expansion of 550 mm; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting concrete may have an expansion of 600 mm; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting concrete may have an expansion of 650 mm; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting concrete may have an expansion of 700 mm; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting concrete may have an extension of 750 mm.
In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the passing time of the V-shaped funnel of the self-compacting concrete may be 5 s; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the passing time of the V-shaped funnel of the self-compacting concrete may be 7 s; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the passing time of the V-shaped funnel of the self-compacting concrete may be 10 s; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the passing time of the V-shaped funnel of the self-compacting concrete may be 15 s; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the V-shaped funnel of self-compacting concrete may pass for 18 s; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the V-shaped funnel of self-compacting concrete may pass for 20 s; in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the V-shaped funnel of self-compacting concrete may have a transit time of 30 s.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the impermeable body 2 is formed by pouring self-compacting concrete or mortar of a predetermined strength to be compact by appropriately finishing the rockfill material within a predetermined range of the upstream impermeable area. Here, the predetermined range is not less than 0.5m, and the predetermined intensity has an intensity level of C10 to C50.
For example, in some embodiments of the present invention, the impermeable body 2 may be a rock-fill concrete impermeable body, and the impermeable body 2 may be disposed on the upstream slope of the dam body 1. The impervious body 2 can be formed by properly finishing rockfill materials in the upstream impervious area range of not less than 0.5m and pouring self-compacting concrete or mortar with the strength grade of C10-C50 until the rockfill materials are compacted. Therefore, the water seepage of the cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100 can be effectively prevented, and the sedimentation deformation is prevented, so that the use reliability of the cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100 is improved.
A concrete embodiment of the cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100 according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, a cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a dam body 1 and an impermeable body 2.
Specifically, the dam body 1 adopts one or more times of directional blasting, the dam body is provided with a dam abutment, rockfill at the stock ground of the dam abutment is directly thrown to the dam site according to the preset direction and distance for piling, and the dam body is structurally cemented and reinforced by adopting self-flow grouting. The impervious body 2 can be arranged on the upstream surface of the dam body 1, and the impervious body 2 is formed by pouring rock-fill concrete on the upstream surface.
Therefore, according to the cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100 provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the explosive is fully utilized for directional blasting, and the rock burst at the dam abutment is thrown to the position of the dam body according to the preset direction for stacking, so that the workload of excavation, transportation, filling and the like can be greatly reduced; by adopting the self-flow control grouting and structured cementing technology, the cementing material can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the rockfill material strength can be obviously improved by using a small amount of cementing material, so that the using amount of rockfill dam materials is reduced; the porosity of rockfill materials of the dam body can be reduced, the non-uniform settlement of the dam body is reduced, and the cracking of the seepage-proofing body is effectively inhibited.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the grout of flowing automatically can carry the cementation region of self-compaction grout material 5 in transporting blasting rockfill material to carry out the structural cementation and consolidate through professional equipment such as pumping installations or concrete mixer, self-compaction grout material 5 flows along blasting rockfill material hole under the action of gravity, and the part of the loose granule 4 in the rockfill material that will blast bonds into cementated body 3, forms cementated body-loose granule composite construction. Therefore, the mechanical property can be improved, the porosity can be reduced, and the pores of the cementing body can be densely filled with slurry and can also be partially filled to form a high-porosity cementing body. Here, Self-Compacting Concrete (Self Compacting Concrete or Self-Compacting Concrete SCC) refers to Concrete that can flow and compact under its own weight, completely fill a form even in the presence of dense reinforcing bars, and at the same time, obtain good homogeneity without additional vibration.
Furthermore, the structural cementing is to adopt self-compacting grouting materials with different flowing properties and strengths to reinforce the rockfill material according to the requirements of different parts of the dam body.
According to the utility model discloses a some embodiments can adopt the design method of earth and rockfill dam or rockfill dam, carry out the analysis to stability, stress, meeting an emergency and the subsidence of unconsolidated dam, obtain the position that needs control subside deformation and the position that the requirement of shearing is high, subside the position of deformation to needs control, fill the self-compaction grouting material including the predetermined amount cementitious material, and control the grout volume.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the predetermined amount of the cementing material is 1% of the mass of the cementing material, the grouting amount is controlled to be 3% of the volume of the corresponding dam body, and the grouting diffusion range is controlled by adjusting the fluidity and viscosity of the cementing material.
According to the utility model discloses a some embodiments, the position that requires high is cut to the antagonism, has poured the self-compaction grouting material of higher strength, and the intensity level of self-compaction grouting material is C10. Here, the portion with high shear requirement needs to be calculated by stability analysis, and in some embodiments, the portion with high shear requirement may refer to a position with poor anti-slip stability, such as a sliding surface.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the structural cementing can adopt self-compaction grouting materials with different flowing properties and strengths to reinforce the rockfill material according to the requirements of different parts of the dam, adopts the design method of the earth-rock dam or the rockfill dam, analyzes the stability, stress, strain and settlement of the unconsolidated dam, obtains the part needing to control the settlement deformation and the part with high shearing resistance requirement, can pour the self-compaction grouting material with only a small amount of cementing material to the part needing to control the settlement deformation, and the grouting amount should be controlled; the self-compacting grouting material with higher strength can be poured into the position needing higher shear strength.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting grouting material is a self-compacting mortar. Therefore, the self-compacting grouting material can adapt to bulk material stacking bodies with different porosities by adopting self-compacting grouting materials with different forms, and the adaptability of the self-compacting grouting material is further enhanced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the mortar expansion of the self-compacting mortar is 200mm to 350mm, and the mortar V-shaped funnel passing time of the self-compacting mortar is 2s to 20 s. Further, the mortar expansion degree of the self-compacting mortar is 250-330 mm, and the mortar V-shaped funnel passing time of the self-compacting mortar is 6-12 s.
The expansion degree of the self-compacting concrete is 550mm-750mm, and the passing time of a V-shaped funnel of the self-compacting concrete is 5s-30 s. Furthermore, the expansion degree of the self-compacting concrete is 600mm-750mm, and the passing time of a V-shaped funnel of the self-compacting concrete is 7s-20 s.
Wherein, to the self-compaction mortar or the self-compaction concrete that the extension does not satisfy above-mentioned requirement, can also adopt equipment such as vibration to grind or vibrator to provide the supplementary grout material of external force and fill in the flow in space.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the impermeable body 2 is formed by pouring self-compacting concrete or mortar of a predetermined strength to be compact by appropriately finishing the rockfill material within a predetermined range of the upstream impermeable area. Here, the predetermined range is not less than 0.5m, and the predetermined intensity has an intensity level of C10 to C50.
For example, in some embodiments of the present invention, the impermeable body 2 may be a rock-fill concrete impermeable body, and the impermeable body 2 may be disposed on the upstream slope of the dam body 1. The impervious body 2 can be formed by properly finishing rockfill materials in the upstream impervious area range of not less than 0.5m and pouring self-compacting concrete or mortar with the strength grade of C10-C50 until the rockfill materials are compacted. Therefore, the water seepage of the cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100 can be effectively prevented, and the sedimentation deformation is prevented, so that the use reliability of the cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100 is improved.
Example two:
the second embodiment has substantially the same structure as the first embodiment, except that in the second embodiment, the self-compacting grouting material can be self-compacting concrete.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the predetermined amount of the cementing material is 5% of the mass of the cementing material, the grouting amount is controlled to be 7% of the volume of the corresponding dam body, and the perfusion diffusion range is controlled by adjusting the fluidity and viscosity of the cementing material.
According to the utility model discloses a some embodiments, the position that requires high is cut to the antagonism, has poured the self-compaction grouting material of higher strength, and the intensity level of self-compaction grouting material is C20.
Example three:
the third embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the difference is that in the third embodiment, the self-compacting grouting material can also be used jointly for self-compacting cement mortar and self-compacting concrete, the utility model discloses not specifically limit the mixing ratio of self-compacting cement mortar and self-compacting concrete, the mixing ratio of self-compacting cement mortar and self-compacting concrete can be as required and the adaptability sets up in practical application.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the predetermined amount of the cementing material is 10% by mass of the cementing material, the grouting amount is controlled to be 10% of the volume of the corresponding dam body, and the grouting diffusion range is controlled by adjusting the fluidity and viscosity of the cementing material.
According to the utility model discloses a some embodiments, the position that requires high is cut to the antagonism, has poured the self-compaction grouting material of higher strength, and the intensity level of self-compaction grouting material is C50.
According to the utility model discloses cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100, make full use of explosive directional blasting falls to dam body position heap according to the predetermined direction with the garrulous rock of dam abutment and forms to adopt the technology of structured cement to consolidate, directional blasting can divide once to blast, also can blast many times. The self-compacting grouting material is conveyed to a cementing area in the blasting rockfill material by special equipment such as a pump or a concrete mixer, flows along the pores of the blasting rockfill material under the action of gravity, and part of granular particles 4 in the blasting rockfill material are bonded into a cementing body 3 to form a cementing body-granular particle composite structure, so that the porosity is reduced, and the mechanical property of the original granular particles is improved. The structural cementing is to adopt self-compacting grouting materials with different flow properties and strengths to reinforce the rockfill materials according to the requirements of different parts of the dam, adopt a design method of an earth-rock dam or the rockfill dam to analyze the stability, stress, strain and settlement of the unconsolidated dam to obtain the part needing to control the settlement deformation and the part with high shearing resistance requirement, and can be used for pouring the self-compacting grouting material with only a small amount of cementing materials into the part needing to control the settlement deformation, and the grouting amount is also controlled; the self-compacting grouting material with higher strength can be poured into the position needing higher shear strength.
For example, the cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100 of the embodiment of the present invention is filled with blasting rock-fill material, and adopts gravity grouting to structurally consolidate the dam body, the self-compacting grouting material is conveyed to a cementing area in the blasting rockfill material through special equipment such as a pumping or concrete mixer, flows along the pores of the blasting rockfill material under the action of gravity, part of granular particles 4 in the blasting rockfill material are bonded into a cementing body 3 to form a cementing body-granular particle composite structure, the bonding effect among the particles can change a force chain structure when the rockfill body bears, compare like this in prior art's rockfill material, the utility model discloses cemented blasting rockfill dam 100 can effectively improve the intensity of 1 rockfill material of dam body, reduces the porosity of 1 rockfill material of dam body, reduces 1 inhomogeneous settlement of dam body, restraines the fracture of prevention of seepage body 2.
Therefore, according to the cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100 provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the explosive is fully utilized for directional blasting, and the rock burst at the dam abutment is thrown to the position of the dam body according to the preset direction for stacking, so that the workload of excavation, transportation, filling and the like can be greatly reduced; by adopting the self-flow control grouting and structured cementing technology, the cementing material can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the rockfill material strength can be obviously improved by using a small amount of cementing material, so that the using amount of rockfill dam materials is reduced; the porosity of the rockfill material of the dam body 1 can be reduced, the non-uniform settlement of the dam body 1 is reduced, and the cracking of the seepage-proofing body 2 is effectively inhibited. The cemented blasting rock-fill dam has the advantages of simple process, high construction speed, low manufacturing cost and environmental protection, and is particularly suitable for remote mountainous areas which are inconvenient to traffic and lack of building materials.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100, fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a circled part in fig. 1, the cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100 in which the dam body 1 is subjected to one or more directional blasting, the rockfill material at the dam shoulder stock ground part is directly thrown to the dam site according to a predetermined direction and distance to be stacked, then the dam body is reinforced by structural cementing using gravity grouting, the seepage-proofing body 2 is a rock-fill concrete seepage-proofing body, the rockfill material in a certain range of the upstream seepage-proofing area is properly trimmed, and self-compacting concrete or mortar with higher strength is poured until being compacted to form the upstream seepage-proofing body 2. The cemented body-granular body composite structure is formed by a structured cementing technology, so that the strength of the rockfill material of the dam body 1 is effectively improved, the porosity of the rockfill material of the dam body 1 is reduced, the non-uniform settlement of the dam body 1 is reduced, and the cracking of the seepage-proof body 2 is inhibited.
According to the utility model discloses the construction method of cemented blasting rock-fill dam of second aspect embodiment, the dam body adopts one or many times directional blasting, directly drops the rockfill material at dam abutment stock ground position to dam site department according to predetermined direction and distance, then adopts the grout of flowing automatically to carry out the structural cement to the dam body and consolidate, the seepage prevention body adopts and pours the rock-fill concrete at the upstream face and forms the seepage prevention body prevention of seepage of upper reaches.
According to the utility model discloses cemented blasting rock-fill dam's construction method, simple process, construction speed is fast, and the cost is low, and environment friendly, the specially adapted traffic is inconvenient, the outlying mountain area that building material lacks.
Other configurations and operations of the cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100 and the construction method of the cemented blasting rock-fill dam 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A cemented blasting rock-fill dam, comprising:
the dam body is subjected to one-time or multiple-time directional blasting and is provided with a dam abutment, rockfill at the stock ground of the dam abutment is directly thrown to the dam site according to a preset direction and distance, and the dam body is subjected to structural cementing reinforcement by adopting self-flow grouting; and
the seepage-proofing body is arranged on the upstream surface of the dam body and is formed by pouring rock-fill concrete on the upstream surface.
2. A consolidated blasting rockfill dam according to claim 1, wherein the self-grouting is carried to the consolidation area in the blasting rockfill material by pumping or concrete mixing truck for structured cementing reinforcement, the self-compacting grouting flows along the pores of the blasting rockfill material under the action of gravity, and part of the particles in the blasting rockfill material are cemented into a cemented body, so as to form a cemented body-particle composite structure.
3. A cemented blasting rockfill dam according to claim 2, wherein the structural cement is self-compacting grouting material with different flow properties and strengths to reinforce the rockfill according to the requirements of different parts of the dam body.
4. The cemented blasting rock-fill dam of claim 3, wherein the stability, stress, strain and settlement of the unconsolidated dam are analyzed by using an earth-rock dam or rock-fill dam design method to obtain a portion requiring settlement deformation control and a portion requiring high shear resistance, and a self-compacting grouting material containing a predetermined amount of cementitious material is poured into the portion requiring settlement deformation control and the grouting amount is controlled.
5. A cemented blasting rock-fill dam as claimed in claim 4, wherein the predetermined amount of cementitious material is 1-10% by mass of cementitious material, the grouting amount is controlled to be 3-10% of the corresponding dam volume, and the grouting diffusion range is controlled by adjusting the fluidity and viscosity of the dam.
6. A cemented blasting rock-fill dam as claimed in claim 4, wherein the locations with high shear resistance requirements are filled with a self-compacting grouting material of higher strength, the strength grade of the self-compacting grouting material being C10-C50.
7. A cementitious blasting rockfill dam according to claim 2, wherein the self-compacting grout is at least one of self-compacting mortar or self-compacting concrete.
8. A cemented blasting rock-fill dam as claimed in claim 7, wherein the self-compacting mortar has a mortar extension of 200mm to 350mm, a mortar V-funnel transit time of 2s to 20s, a self-compacting concrete extension of 550mm to 750mm, and a V-funnel transit time of 5s to 30 s; for self-compacting mortar or self-compacting concrete with an expansion degree which does not meet the requirements, a vibration roller or a vibrator can be adopted to provide external force to assist the flowing filling of the grouting material in the gap.
9. A cemented blasting rock-fill dam according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
the seepage-proofing body is formed by finishing rockfill materials in a preset range of an upstream seepage-proofing area and pouring self-compacting concrete or mortar with preset strength until compaction is achieved;
the predetermined range is not less than 0.5m, and the intensity grade of the predetermined intensity is C10-C50.
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| CN111979984A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-24 | 清华大学 | Cemented blasting rock-fill dam and construction method thereof |
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