CN217059560U - Rainfall simulation and soil breathing gas collection system - Google Patents
Rainfall simulation and soil breathing gas collection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN217059560U CN217059560U CN202220380391.4U CN202220380391U CN217059560U CN 217059560 U CN217059560 U CN 217059560U CN 202220380391 U CN202220380391 U CN 202220380391U CN 217059560 U CN217059560 U CN 217059560U
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004158 soil respiration Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037007 arousal Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model provides a rainfall simulation and soil breathing gas collection device, wherein a model box is arranged below a rainfall system, a tested soil body is arranged in the model box, and a covering layer is laid on the surface of the soil body; a surface water collecting hole and a plurality of soil interlayer water collecting holes are formed in the side surface of the model box; the monitoring system is arranged on each observation monitoring point in advance; the monitoring systems are all connected with a data processing unit outside the model box; a transparent sealing cover is arranged at the top of the model box, and is provided with a sealing air belt for sealing the space in the box and observing the state of the soil body in real time; the transparent sealing cover is provided with a needle-shaped air extraction valve. The rainfall simulation system and the soil respiration acquisition system can work independently and jointly, the whole process from rainfall scouring of soil to soil respiration gas acquisition is realized, dynamic changes of soil in rainfall events with different intensities are reduced, and support is provided for effectively analyzing release and migration of soil particles and sensitivity of soil respiration to rainfall intensity changes.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a rainfall simulation and soil breathing gas collection system belongs to soil ecology field.
Background
The data shows that the global rainfall pattern will change continuously in the future, and the frequency and amplitude of extreme rainfall events will also increase continuously. The influence of rainfall change on the processes of soil erosion, particle migration, even soil carbon mineralization and the like is the hot content of the current soil ecology research. Disintegration, mechanical breakage and runoff shearing force in the rainfall process can cause the fragmentation of a soil aggregation structure, and the released active organic matters can excite the soil respiration. The influence of rainfall intensity change on soil erosion is often larger than rainfall, so that the fragmentation degree of a soil aggregation structure and the release of granular organic matters are different. At present, the degree and mechanism of influence on soil carbon mineralization are not completely clear. And the air permeability of the soil body is changed after rainfall, so that the uncertainty of the soil breathing gas emission is increased. Therefore, it is necessary to simulate the differences in soil particle release and migration and soil respiration under rainfall changes.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the uncertainty that rainfall change leads to the soil carbon emission, the utility model provides a rainfall simulation and soil breathing gas collection system. The method can simulate the damage of rainfall to the soil aggregation structure and the excitation of the released granular organic matters to the soil respiration, and provides reliable experimental data and equipment support for effectively analyzing the release and migration of the soil fine granules and the sensitivity of the soil respiration to the rainfall intensity change.
The utility model discloses a rainfall simulation system and soil breath collection system can be independent-joint operation to can simulate under the different rainfall intensity soil cluster and construct destruction phenomenon and the granule organic matter of release to the inspired effect of soil respiration. In order to realize the above object, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is: a simulated rainfall and soil breathing gas collecting device is provided. The device can be used for simulating the process that raindrops hit soil particles and water flow scours the soil body under different rains and collecting soil breathing gas. The rainfall simulation device can adjust the rainfall height and intensity through the undercarriage, the variable-frequency booster pump and the flowmeter, and realize uniform rainfall in the model box body through parallel spraying of the spray heads.
The utility model discloses specific technical scheme is:
the rainfall simulation and soil breathing gas collection device comprises a rainfall system and a monitoring system, wherein a model box is arranged below the rainfall system, a test soil body is arranged in the model box, and a covering layer is laid on the surface of the soil body;
the side surface of the model box is provided with a surface water collecting hole and a plurality of soil interlayer water collecting holes, the hole center of the surface water collecting hole and the surface of the soil body are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the hole centers of the soil interlayer water collecting holes are respectively positioned at different heights below the surface of the soil body;
the monitoring system comprises a moisture monitor, a pore water pressure meter, a pH detector and an image monitoring system;
the water content monitor, the pore water pressure meter, the pH detector and the image monitoring system are embedded in each point position in the soil body in advance and used for detecting the water content and the flow velocity, the pore water pressure, the pH value and the real-time state change of the soil body at different positions in the soil body before rainfall simulation, during rainfall simulation and after rainfall simulation. The monitoring systems are connected with a data processing unit outside the model box, and are used for acquiring and processing the change rule of each target parameter in the soil body in real time.
A particle filtering screen is arranged at the surface water collecting hole and the soil interlayer water collecting hole;
the top of the model box is provided with a transparent sealing cover, the transparent sealing cover is provided with a sealing air belt, the space in the box is sealed, and the state of the soil body is observed in real time. A needle-shaped air extraction valve is arranged on the transparent sealing cover;
the bottom of the model box is provided with a bottom hole.
The rainfall system comprises an undercarriage and a spraying device, the spraying device is arranged on the undercarriage, the spraying device is sequentially connected with a flowmeter, a water stop valve and a variable-frequency booster pump through a pipeline, the variable-frequency booster pump is positioned in a water storage tank, and a water supply source supplies water to the water storage tank.
The transparent sealing cover plate can ensure that the space in the model box is in a sealing state, and the cover plate is provided with the needle-shaped air extraction valve, so that a plurality of soil breathing gases can be extracted on the premise of not damaging the tightness of the box body.
The side surface of the transparent model box is provided with a water collecting hole for collecting surface runoff water and soil interlayer water generated in the rainfall process, and the infiltration position and speed of rainwater along a soil profile can be measured at any time through the graduated scale.
The surface water and the interlayer water which are received out can respectively carry out multi-stage screening and collection treatment on the soil scour in the water outlet through a particle filtering screen at the water outlet.
The covers with different types and apertures laid on the surface of the soil body are used for adjusting the size of raindrops permeating into the soil and the wetting speed of the soil body.
The multiple seepage monitoring devices arranged in the soil are mainly used for measuring the change of parameters such as the flow velocity, the pore water pressure and the like of the seepage in the soil body and the soil dominant flow in the rainfall process.
The utility model has the advantages of:
(1) the utility model discloses a rainfall simulation system and soil breathe collection system can be independent-combined work to can simulate under the different rainfall intensity soil group and construct the destruction phenomenon and the granule organic matter of release and to the inspiring effect of soil respiration, realized that the rainfall erodees the soil body to the controllability, continuity and the integrality of soil breathing gas collection experiment.
(2) The utility model discloses a rainfall simulation system, cooperation are arranged in the cover in the different grade type and the aperture on soil body surface, help reducing the cracked true scene of soil particle in the rainfall incident of different intensity, have improved the accuracy of experimental result and the model prediction ability of experimental data.
(3) The utility model discloses a mold box is furnished with surface water and catchments the hole and the soil layer water catchments the hole between, can collect runoff and soil erosion thing in real time to carry out the multistage screening of tiny granule, the inside interflow monitoring system of cooperation soil body, dynamic monitoring soil body seepage flow and the organic matter content of granule change rule.
(4) The utility model discloses a soil breathing gas collection system can realize the response to different rainfall intensity to the organic matter release of soil body granule sequestration and the dynamic simulation of migration and the respiratory arousal effect of soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the rainfall simulation system and the soil respiratory gas collection device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a plan view of the model box of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the utility model box;
fig. 4 is a plan view of the transparent sealing cover of the present invention.
In the figure: the system comprises an undercarriage 1, a spray device 2, a water storage tank 3, a booster pump 4, a water stop valve 5, a flow meter 6, a water supply source 7, a model box 8, a surface water collecting hole 9, a soil interlayer water collecting hole 10, a bottom hole 11, a transparent sealing cover 12, a needle-shaped air extraction valve 13, a covering layer 14, a particle filtering screen 15, a monitoring system 16 and a sealed air belt 17.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The rainfall simulation and soil breathing gas collection device can realize the whole process from the rainfall scouring of soil to the collection of soil breathing gas, reduce the dynamic change of the soil in rainfall events with different intensities, and provide reliable experimental data and equipment support for effectively analyzing the release and migration of soil particles and the sensitivity of soil respiration to the rainfall intensity change.
As shown in fig. 1, the device for collecting simulated rainfall and soil breathing gas comprises a rainfall system and a monitoring system 16, wherein a model box 8 is arranged below the rainfall system, and a tested soil body is arranged in the model box 8;
the rainfall system comprises an undercarriage 1 and a spraying device 2, wherein the spraying device 2 is installed on the undercarriage 1, the spraying device 2 is sequentially connected with a flowmeter 6, a water stop valve 5 and a variable-frequency booster pump 4 through pipelines, the variable-frequency booster pump 4 is positioned in a water storage tank 3, and a water supply source 7 supplies water to the water storage tank 3. The height of the spraying device is controlled by adjusting the suspended height of the undercarriage 1, and then the precipitation height is adjusted; and adjusting the pressure of the variable-frequency booster pump 4, observing the flow rate of water in a control pipeline of the flowmeter 6, and further adjusting the precipitation intensity. The variable frequency booster pump 4 in the water storage tank 3 conveys water flow to the spraying device 2 above the model box 8 through a water supply pipeline, so that uniform rainfall with different intensities above the simulated soil body is realized.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the model box 8 is provided with surface water collecting holes 9 and inter-soil layer water collecting holes 10 on the side for collecting surface runoff water and inter-soil layer water generated during rainfall. The hole centers of the surface water collecting holes 9 and the soil surface are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the hole centers of the soil interlayer water collecting holes 10 are respectively positioned at the positions 10cm and 20cm below the soil surface. When the rainfall time is too long or the rainfall intensity is too large, runoff and seepage are generated on the surface of the soil body and soil layers with different depths respectively, the runoff can flow out of the surface water collecting holes 9, and the seepage can flow out of the soil interlayer water collecting holes 10. Meanwhile, the bottom hole 11 positioned at the bottom of the box body can prevent the box body from generating water accumulation.
The particle filtering screens 15 positioned at the surface water collecting holes 9 and the soil interlayer water collecting holes 10 have different apertures, when water flows out of the water collecting holes, the water flows pass through the filtering screens with different apertures, and soil scour in the particle filtering screens can be enriched on the corresponding screens according to the particle size, so that the multi-stage screening and collecting treatment of particles moving along with the water flow is realized.
The covering layer 14 is laid on the surface of the soil body, and different types and apertures of covering materials can be respectively arranged according to different rainfall requirements and soil body properties, so that raindrop effects suitable for different soils can be accurately adjusted.
As shown in FIG. 4, the transparent sealing cover 12 can be erected on the top surface of the model box 8 according to different experimental requirements, and the sealing air belt 17 attached to the cover body can seal the space in the box and observe the soil state in real time. The needle-shaped air extraction valves 13 are respectively arranged at different positions of the transparent sealing cover 12, and air released by soil respiration at different positions can be quantitatively extracted through air needles in a time-sharing mode, so that the concentration of the collected air is measured, and the air discharge rate is calculated.
The monitoring system 16 comprises a moisture monitor, a pore water pressure meter, a pH detector, an image monitoring system and the like. The device comprises a moisture monitor, a pore water pressure meter, a pH detector, an image monitoring system and the like, wherein the moisture monitor, the pore water pressure meter, the pH detector, the image monitoring system and the like are embedded in each point position in the soil body in advance and are used for simulating water content and flow speed, pore water pressure, pH value and real-time state change of the soil body at different positions in the soil body before rainfall, during rainfall and after rainfall. Instruments such as a moisture monitor, a pore water pressure meter, a pH detector and an image monitoring system are connected with a data processing unit outside the model box 8, change rules of all target parameters inside the soil body are collected and processed in real time, and influences of rainfall on the soil body structure are researched through changes of parameters such as runoff flow velocity and shearing force caused by different rain intensities.
The operation of the system is briefly explained as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-4, a test soil body is put into a model box 8, a corresponding covering layer is laid on the surface of the soil body, the height of an undercarriage 1 and the pressure of a variable-frequency booster pump 4 are adjusted, and the water delivery quantity of a flowmeter 6 is observed to enable the test soil body to meet the test requirements; and (3) opening a water stop valve connected with the variable-frequency booster pump 4, conveying water to the spraying system 2, and simultaneously starting the monitoring system 16 to collect experimental data in real time, so as to simulate rainfall erosion soil tests under different rains.
When the rainfall is too strong or sufficient within a period of time, partial water flows along the surface of the soil body and flows out of the surface water collecting holes 9; the other part of water enters soil layers with different depths through infiltration to generate soil internal seepage and flows out along the soil interlayer water collecting holes 10 at the positions 10cm and 20cm below the ground surface. After the liquid flowing out is filtered layer by the particle filtering screen 15, the residual liquid is connected into a corresponding container for collection and storage. The excess accumulated water can be discharged from a bottom hole 11 at the bottom of the box body.
After the rainfall is finished, the transparent sealing cover 12 is erected on the top surface of the model box 8 and is sealed through the sealing clamp. After a period of time, the air needles are inserted into the needle-shaped air extraction valves 13 distributed at the positions of the sealing cover, so that the air released by the soil respiration at different positions can be extracted quantitatively in a time-sharing manner. Meanwhile, the device is also suitable for soil body respiration tests which do not need rainfall.
Claims (6)
1. Rainfall simulation and soil breathing gas collection system, its characterized in that: the rainfall test device comprises a rainfall system and a monitoring system (16), wherein a model box (8) is arranged below the rainfall system, a test soil body is filled in the model box (8), and a covering layer (14) is laid on the surface of the soil body;
a surface water collecting hole (9) and a plurality of soil interlayer water collecting holes (10) are formed in the side surface of the model box (8);
the monitoring system (16) is arranged on each observation and monitoring point position in advance and used for detecting the water content and flow velocity, pore water pressure, pH value and real-time state change of the soil body at different positions in the soil body before, during and after simulated rainfall; the monitoring systems (16) are all connected with a data processing unit outside the model box (8);
a transparent sealing cover (12) is arranged at the top of the model box (8), a sealing air belt (17) is arranged on the transparent sealing cover (12), the space in the box is sealed, and the state of a soil body is observed in real time; a needle-shaped air extraction valve (13) is arranged on the transparent sealing cover (12).
2. The simulated rainfall and soil breathing gas collection device of claim 1, wherein: the hole centers of the surface water collecting holes (9) and the soil body surface are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the hole centers of the soil interlayer water collecting holes (10) are respectively positioned at different heights below the soil body surface.
3. The simulated rainfall and soil breathing gas collection device of claim 1, wherein: the monitoring system (16) comprises a moisture monitor, a pore water pressure meter, a pH detector and an image monitoring system.
4. The simulated rainfall and soil breathing gas collection device of claim 1, wherein: and a particle filtering screen (15) is arranged at the surface water collecting hole (9) and the soil interlayer water collecting hole (10).
5. The simulated rainfall and soil breathing gas collection device of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the model box (8) is provided with a bottom hole (11).
6. The simulated rainfall and soil breathing gas collection device of claim 1, wherein: the rainfall system comprises an undercarriage (1) and a spraying device (2), wherein the spraying device (2) is installed on the undercarriage (1), the spraying device (2) is sequentially connected with a flowmeter (6), a water stop valve (5) and a variable-frequency booster pump (4) through a pipeline, the variable-frequency booster pump (4) is located in a water storage tank (3), and a water supply source (7) supplies water to the water storage tank (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220380391.4U CN217059560U (en) | 2022-02-24 | 2022-02-24 | Rainfall simulation and soil breathing gas collection system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220380391.4U CN217059560U (en) | 2022-02-24 | 2022-02-24 | Rainfall simulation and soil breathing gas collection system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN217059560U true CN217059560U (en) | 2022-07-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202220380391.4U Expired - Fee Related CN217059560U (en) | 2022-02-24 | 2022-02-24 | Rainfall simulation and soil breathing gas collection system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116296627A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-06-23 | 西北农林科技大学 | Carbon emission monitoring device and method for simulating soil erosion process |
-
2022
- 2022-02-24 CN CN202220380391.4U patent/CN217059560U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116296627A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-06-23 | 西北农林科技大学 | Carbon emission monitoring device and method for simulating soil erosion process |
| CN116296627B (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-12-29 | 西北农林科技大学 | Carbon emission monitoring device and method for simulating soil erosion process |
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Granted publication date: 20220726 |