CN109406363A - A kind of silting experimental provision of tailings material and its geotextile - Google Patents
A kind of silting experimental provision of tailings material and its geotextile Download PDFInfo
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- CN109406363A CN109406363A CN201811213765.8A CN201811213765A CN109406363A CN 109406363 A CN109406363 A CN 109406363A CN 201811213765 A CN201811213765 A CN 201811213765A CN 109406363 A CN109406363 A CN 109406363A
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- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 198
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 42
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011026 diafiltration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- -1 hydraulic gradient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- IKERVPAIKADBFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dichloro-2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluorocyclobutane Chemical compound FC1(F)C(F)(F)C(Cl)(Cl)C1(F)F IKERVPAIKADBFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses the silting experimental provision of a kind of tailings material and its geotextile, including cooling pipe holder, condenser pipe, pressure gauge I, water pipe, pressure gauge II, top cover, upper cylinder, pressure-measuring pipe, middle cylinder, geotextile, pressure-bearing strainer, lower cylinder, drainpipe, funnel, receiving flask, overflow pipe, distilled water aqueduct, distilled water generator, sealing valve, distilled water header tank, normal-temperature distilled water header tank, valve II, spray head, pressure-bearing porous disc, filter membrane, drain valve；The present invention can be used to carry out the silting experiment that the soil body and its row in Tailings Dam seep material, by the geotextile progress diafiltration experiments for carrying out different tailings materials, various soil mass compactness, different pore size, analyze seepage flow changing rule of the different tailings under different compactness, the Penetration Signature of different geotextiles under different condition is analyzed simultaneously, to select suitable geotextile to provide reference, for Tailings Dam and all kinds of rows seep the stability prediction of engineering and diaster prevention and control provides theoretical foundation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tailings material and its silting experimental provisions of geotextile, belong to mine geotechnical engineering, side
The technical field that slope engineering and environment project intersect.
Background technique
Silting is the universal phenomenon occurred during Porous Media, and tailings dam occurs silting, can reduce dam body
Permeability, cause tailings dam drainage unsmooth, to substantially reduce its stability and safety, the wind of its dam break be significantly greatly increased
Danger.In the flow event for having Tailings Dam, to guarantee that tailings warehouse dam body draining is unobstructed, and prevent from occurring to permeate at seepage exit broken
It is bad, usually all need setting loaded filter.Geotextile is mainly used for water conservancy, coast protection, fighting a flood and emergency, marshland and restores, washes away
The fields such as prevention and treatment, sea reclamation and garbage disposal, now in China railways, highway, electric power, harbour, mine, building and military affairs
Engineering field starts to apply.But geotextile be used as filtering layer when, water flows through fabric from by the protection soil body, in flow process
In soil particle may be made to be enclosed in fabric surface or be blocked in fabric, there is silting phenomenon, make seepage flow flow reduce.Silting
Filtering layer can be made to lose trap drainage effect when serious, cause to seriously endanger to Rock And Soil.But soil-geotechnique knits in actual engineering
The anti-filter process of object be it is very complicated, the filter effect of geotextile will receive the influence of several factors.It is mainly manifested in following
Several aspects: 1. for of different nature native (as clay content is different, the value volume and range of product of institute's metal ion is different, hole
Rate difference etc.), filter effect is different；2. the type of geotextile, pore size filter, structure, thickness etc.；3. gas content in soil
And type and quantity of microorganism etc.；4. the influence (such as external loads and water project situation) of external condition.These conditions are not
Together, the silting that all soil-geotextile can be caused different degrees of, therefore, tailings particles-geotextile silting problem become tailing
Library row seeps a crucial problem of processing technique.When geotextile it is overstocked when, easily generation silting, and when its hole it is too sparse
When, and the loss of soil particle can be caused, so taking the geotechnique of which kind of effective aperture to knit the tailings material of variable grain partial size
Object is a major issue of Experimental Research.Forefathers answer from geotextile drawing in the case of the gradation of cohesive soil, different-thickness
Become gradient ratio to the gradient of system than the anti-filter system of, discontinuous graded soil composition, hydraulic gradient, soil compactness, hole
Water pressure etc. is studied, and then goes to probe into the silting problem of geotextile.But it currently probes into geotextile silting to ask
It is all that can only separately go to study the wherein several of problem above when the experiment of topic, it can be right simultaneously without an experimental provision
Tail under variable grain gradation, different compactnesss, different rainfall intensities, different aperture hydraulic pressure, different hydraulic gradients, different-thickness
Pit wood material-geotextile silting problem conducts a research, and simple silting experiment is only capable of finding out certain individual factors to silting
Influence, and cannot obtain it is complicated it is multifactor under the conditions of the comprehensive effect that generates of tailings material-geotextile silting.Meanwhile this reality
Experiment device can also measure the variation of microorganism in seepage water and its geotextile silting object, to obtain in the soil body microorganism to soil
The biological silting characteristic of work fabric.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the silting experimental provision of a kind of tailings material and its geotextile, including cooling pipe holder 1, condensation
Pipe 2, pressure gauge I 3, water pipe 4, pressure gauge II 5, top cover 9, upper cylinder 10, pressure-measuring pipe 12, middle cylinder 13, geotextile 15, pressure-bearing strainer
16, lower cylinder 17, drainpipe 18, funnel 20, receiving flask 22, overflow pipe 23, distilled water aqueduct 24, distilled water generator 25, only
Penstock 26, distilled water header tank 27, normal-temperature distilled water header tank 31, valve II 32, spray head 34, pressure-bearing porous disc 35, filter membrane
37, drain valve 38；
Distilled water generator 25 is connect by distilled water aqueduct 24 with distilled water header tank 27, on distilled water aqueduct 24
Sealing valve 26 is set, and distilled water header tank 27 is equipped with overflow pipe 23, and distilled water header tank 27 passes through condenser pipe 2 and room temperature
Distilled water header tank 31 connects, and condenser pipe 2 is wrapped on cooling pipe holder 1, and cooling pipe holder 1 is arranged in normal-temperature distilled water
On header tank 31, cooling pipe holder 1 is tubular structure, and refrigerating material, normal-temperature distilled water header tank 31 are housed inside tubular structure
Bottom opening is simultaneously connected with water pipe 4, and water pipe 4 is equipped with pressure gauge I 3, valve II 32, and the other end of water pipe 4 is connected with more than one
Spray head 34,
Top cover 9 is arranged on upper cylinder 10, and spray head 34 passes through top cover 9 and is arranged inside upper cylinder 10, and top cover 9 is equipped with pressure gauge II
5, cylinder 13 in setting below upper cylinder 10 is arranged pressure-bearing porous disc 35 inside middle cylinder 13, and the side of upper cylinder 10 and middle cylinder 13 is provided with more
A pressure tap, pressure-measuring pipe 12 are inserted in pressure tap, and the inner wall of upper cylinder 10 and middle cylinder 13 is equipped with filter membrane 37, are equipped with down below middle cylinder 13
Geotextile 15 and strainer 16, aperture and the row of being connected on the pedestal 36 of lower cylinder 17 is arranged in cylinder 17 between middle cylinder 13 and lower cylinder 17
Water pipe 18, drainpipe 18 are equipped with drain valve 38, and funnel 20 is equipped with below drainpipe 18, is equipped with receiving flask 22 below funnel 20.
The silting experimental provision of the tailings material and its geotextile further includes air pump 6, valve I 7, snorkel 8, ventilation
Pipe 8 is arranged on top cover 9, and upper cylinder 10 is connect by snorkel 8 with air pump 6, and snorkel 8 is equipped with valve I 7.
The silting experimental provision of the tailings material and its geotextile further includes graduated cylinder 21, for measuring water；Graduated cylinder
21 can be set the position for replacing receiving flask 22 below funnel 20, or be placed on 22 side of receiving flask, make when needs
With.
The silting experimental provision of the tailings material and its geotextile further includes microorganism detector 39, microorganism detection
Instrument 39 is placed on 22 side of receiving flask, for detecting the content of microorganisms in seepage water, soil and geotextile silting object.
The distilled water generator 25 is arranged on distilled water generator bracket 29, and the setting of distilled water header tank 27 is being distilled
Water catchments on box bracket 41, and the normal-temperature distilled setting of water header tank 31 is catchmented on box bracket 42 in normal-temperature distilled water, and distilled water occurs
The position of device 25 is higher than distilled water header tank 27, and the position of distilled water header tank 27 is higher than normal-temperature distilled water header tank 31, room temperature
The position of distilled water header tank 31 is higher than upper cylinder 10, and distilled water generator bracket 29, distilled water catchment box bracket 41, normal-temperature distilled
The water box bracket 42 that catchments is telescoping shoring column, and distilled water generator bracket 29, distilled water catchment box bracket 41, normal-temperature distilled water
The box bracket 42 that catchments is attached by connecting rod 30 between each other, and connecting rod 30 is fixed on each bracket by bolt 28,
Distilled water generator bracket 29, distilled water box bracket 41, normal-temperature distilled the water box bracket 42 that catchments that catchments are separately positioned on pedestal 40
On.
The drainpipe 18 is fixed on bracket 19 by support rod respectively with funnel 20.
It is additionally provided with communicating pipe 33 on the top cover 9, communicating pipe 33 is equipped with valve, communicating pipe 33 is a dump
Mouthful, it is mainly used for promptly excluding the gas in the overflow water and upper cylinder 10 in upper cylinder 10, to guarantee safety.
The refrigerating material be water, ice cube or high molecular material refrigerant, high molecular material refrigerant be ethylene, ethane,
Hexafluoro dichloro cyclobutane etc..
The top cover is equipped with threaded hole, and upper cylinder 10 is equipped with upper cylinder top plate and upper cylinder pedestal, upper cylinder top plate and upper cylinder pedestal
On be equipped with threaded hole, middle cylinder 13 is equipped with middle cylinder top plate and middle cylinder pedestal, be equipped with threaded hole on middle cylinder top plate and middle cylinder pedestal,
Lower cylinder 17 is equipped with lower cylinder top plate and lower cylinder chassis 36, and lower cylinder top plate is equipped with threaded hole, and upper cylinder top plate is connected by bolt and top cover 9
It connects, upper cylinder pedestal is connect by bolt with middle cylinder top plate, and middle cylinder pedestal is connect by bolt with lower cylinder top plate, 15 He of geotextile
Pressure-bearing strainer 16 is arranged between middle cylinder pedestal and lower cylinder top plate.
In use, geotextile 15 and pressure-bearing strainer 16 are clipped between middle cylinder 13 and lower cylinder 17, middle cylinder 13 is tightened under
Bolt between cylinder 17, tightens the bolt between cylinder 10 and middle cylinder 13, filter membrane 27 is attached to 13 inner wall of upper cylinder 10 and middle cylinder, will
Pressure-bearing porous disc 35 is placed in soil sample 14 by soil sample 14 mounted in middle 13 the inside of cylinder, and pressure-bearing porous disc 35 adds above steams distilled water
11, sealing valve 26, valve II 32 are opened, distilled water obtained enters from distilled water aqueduct 24 in distilled water generator 25 steams
Then distilled water header tank 27 enters normal-temperature distilled water header tank by condenser pipe 2, is sprayed onto upper cylinder 10 from the spray head 34 on water pipe 4
Interior, distilled water 11 is after pressure-bearing porous disc 35, soil sample 14, geotextile 15, pressure-bearing strainer 16, into lower cylinder 17, the row of opening
Water valve 38 flows in funnel 20 by drainpipe 18, and subsequently into receiving flask 22, after water no longer flows out, water is poured into graduated cylinder 21,
Check collection water, water or soil can also be put into microorganism measuring device 39, in water, soil sample 14 and geotextile silting
Microorganism in object is detected.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) distilling apparatus is provided directly as to a part of experimental provision, its object is to obtain more pure distilled water (its
Microorganism in water is few), guarantee the degree of purity of the water of inflow device.
(2) more than one spray head is installed, and valve II is installed, the size of adjustable water, and then simulate different
Silting situation under the natural precipitation of size.
(3) pressure gauge I can measure the hydraulic pressure in water pipe, and experimentation can observe hydraulic pressure, obtain water outlet pressure to silting
It influences；Pressure gauge II measures the pressure in upper cylinder, obtains influence of the different pressures to silting；Communicating pipe can be vented or water, protects
Confirm the safety tested；Air pump can ventilate in upward cylinder, and the pressure in increasing in cylinder is compacted soil, and measurement is different
Silting situation under soil compaction.
(4) microorganism measuring device can be in the case where the different silting degree to same geotextile or variety classes
Geotextile in the case where same silting degree, and in the water, thin tailings particles and geotextile silting object filtered out
Content of microorganisms and type measure, to obtain microbe species and quantity to same geotextile trap drainage situation
Influence.
(5) present invention can be used to carry out in Tailings Dam the silting experiment that row seeps material, by analyze different tailings materials,
The diafiltration experiments that geotextile carries out under different geotextile materials, different compactnesss, different aperture hydraulic pressure, different pore size, always
Tie its it is multifactor under silting rule, analysis obtain it is complicated it is multifactor under the conditions of tailings material-geotextile filter effect,
It is studied from factors such as soil sample gradation, the pore size of geotextile, hydraulic gradient, soil body compactness and content of microorganisms,
It with control variate method, keeps other amounts constant, analyzes the silting experiment gradient ratio under a kind of variable respectively, and according to silting reality
The data for testing the gradient ratio obtained analyze the geotextile of different pore size in different soil sample gradations, various soil mass compactness and not
With the silting situation under the conditions of content of microorganisms etc., thus for different tailings material selection suitable build a dam condition and geotechnique
Fabric, it is final to provide theoretical basis for the stability prediction and diaster prevention and control of Tailings Dam and all kinds of rows infiltration engineering；The present apparatus is also
It can be used in the engineerings such as water conservancy, coast protection, fighting a flood and emergency, marshland recovery, erosion control, sea reclamation and garbage disposal
Geotextile silting problem research.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
In figure: the cooling pipe holder of 1-, 2- condenser pipe, 3- pressure gauge I, 4- water pipe, 5- pressure gauge II, 6- air pump, 7- valve I, 8-
Snorkel, 9- top cover, the upper cylinder of 10-, 11- distilled water, 12- pressure-measuring pipe, cylinder in 13-, 14- soil sample, 15- geotextile, 16- pressure-bearing
Strainer, cylinder under 17-, 18- drainpipe, 19- bracket, 20- funnel, 21- graduated cylinder, 22- receiving flask, 23- overflow pipe, 24- distilled water
Aqueduct, 25- distilled water generator, 26- sealing valve, 27- distilled water header tank, 28- bolt, 29- distilled water generator branch
Frame, 30- connecting rod, the normal-temperature distilled water header tank of 31-, 32- valve II, 33- communicating pipe, 34- spray head, 35- pressure-bearing porous disc,
Cylinder chassis under 36-, 37- filter membrane, 38- drain valve, 39- microorganism measuring instrument, 40- pedestal, 41- distilled water catchment box bracket, 42-
Normal-temperature distilled water catchments box bracket.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of silting experimental provision of tailings material and its geotextile, as shown in Figure 1, include cooling pipe holder 1, condenser pipe 2,
Pressure gauge I 3, water pipe 4, pressure gauge II 5, air pump 6, valve I 7, snorkel 8, top cover 9, upper cylinder 10, distilled water 11, pressure-measuring pipe 12,
Middle cylinder 13, geotextile 15, pressure-bearing strainer 16, lower cylinder 17, drainpipe 18, bracket 19, funnel 20, graduated cylinder 21, is collected at soil sample 14
Bottle 22, overflow pipe 23, distilled water aqueduct 24, distilled water generator 25, sealing valve 26, distilled water header tank 27, bolt 28,
Distilled water generator bracket 29, connecting rod 30, normal-temperature distilled water header tank 31, valve II 32, communicating pipe 33, spray head 34, pressure-bearing
Porous disc 35, lower cylinder chassis 36, filter membrane 37, drain valve 38, microorganism measuring instrument 39, pedestal 40, distilled water catchment box bracket 41,
Normal-temperature distilled water catchments box bracket 42；
Distilled water generator 25 is connect by distilled water aqueduct 24 with distilled water header tank 27, on distilled water aqueduct 24
Sealing valve 26 is set, and distilled water header tank 27 is equipped with overflow pipe 23, and distilled water header tank 27 passes through condenser pipe 2 and room temperature
Distilled water header tank 31 connects, and condenser pipe 2 is wrapped on cooling pipe holder 1, and cooling pipe holder 1 is welded on normal-temperature distilled water
On header tank, cooling pipe holder 1 is tubular structure, refrigerating material is housed inside tubular structure, refrigerating material is water, normal-temperature distilled
31 bottom opening of water header tank is simultaneously connected with water pipe 4, and water pipe 4 is equipped with pressure gauge I 3, valve II 32, and pressure gauge I 3 is for measuring
Hydraulic pressure inside water pipe 4, the other end of water pipe 4 are connected with a spray head 34, and top cover 9 is arranged on upper cylinder 10, is provided on top cover 9
The hole that water pipe 4 passes through, spray head 34 are arranged inside upper cylinder 10, and pressure gauge II 5, snorkel 8, communicating pipe 33 are additionally provided on top cover 9,
Pressure gauge II 5 is used to measure the pressure inside cylinder 10, and snorkel 8 is connect with air pump 6, and snorkel 8 is equipped with valve I 7, ventilation
Gas, the pressure in increase inside cylinder 10 are injected inside pipe 8 and the upward cylinder 10 of air pump 6, pressure can be compacted soil sample 14,
Communicating pipe 33 is equipped with valve, and communicating pipe 33 is a dump mouth, is mainly used for promptly excluding the overflow water in upper cylinder 10
With the gas in upper cylinder 10, to guarantee safety, pressure-bearing porous disc 35 is arranged inside middle cylinder 13 in cylinder 13 in setting below upper cylinder 10,
The side of upper cylinder 10 and middle cylinder 13 is provided with 6 pressure taps, and 6 pressure-measuring pipes 12 are inserted in pressure tap, pressure-measuring pipe 12(include 1#, 2#,
3#, 4#, 5#, 6#) it is L-type, it is mainly used for measuring the pore water pressure in soil sample 14, height (the opposite measuring point of L-type pressure-measuring pipe
Height) be adjusted according to the size of actual pressure, it is 2 groups that 6 pressure-measuring pipes 12, which divide, every group three be distributed in cylinder 10 and in
The side of cylinder 13, it is symmetrical two-by-two, specifically upper 10 bottom of cylinder, 3#, 4# pressure-measuring pipe pair are symmetricly set on for 1#, 2# pressure-measuring pipe
Claim that the top position in middle 13 middle part of cylinder is arranged in, 5#, 6# pressure-measuring pipe are symmetricly set on the position of middle 13 middle part of cylinder on the lower, upper cylinder 10
It is equipped with filter membrane 37 with the inner wall of middle cylinder 13, prevents the soil sample 14 in cylinder 10 or middle cylinder 13 from flowing into pressure-measuring pipe 12, middle 13 lower section of cylinder
Equipped with lower cylinder 17, it is disposed with geotextile 15 and strainer 16 between middle cylinder 13 and lower cylinder 17 from top to bottom, on top cover 9
Equipped with threaded hole, upper cylinder 10 is equipped with upper cylinder top plate and upper cylinder pedestal, is equipped with threaded hole, middle cylinder on upper cylinder top plate and upper cylinder pedestal
13 are equipped with middle cylinder top plate and middle cylinder pedestal, and threaded hole is equipped in middle cylinder top plate and middle cylinder pedestal, and lower cylinder 17 is equipped with lower cylinder top plate
With lower cylinder chassis 36, lower cylinder top plate is equipped with threaded hole, and upper cylinder top plate is connect by bolt with top cover 9, bolt and threaded hole it
Between tighten, cushion rubber layer is set between upper cylinder top plate and top cover 9, makes between cylinder top plate and top cover 9 close, upper cylinder pedestal is logical
It crosses bolt to connect with middle cylinder top plate, be tightened between bolt and threaded hole, yielding rubber is set between upper cylinder pedestal and middle cylinder top plate
Layer, makes between cylinder pedestal and middle cylinder top plate close, and middle cylinder pedestal is connect by bolt with lower cylinder top plate, bolt and threaded hole it
Between tighten, cushion rubber layer is set between middle cylinder pedestal and lower cylinder top plate, makes between middle cylinder pedestal and lower cylinder top plate close, geotechnique
Fabric 15 and pressure-bearing strainer 16 are stuck between middle cylinder pedestal and lower cylinder top plate, aperture and are connected with drainpipe on the pedestal 36 of lower cylinder 17
18, drainpipe 18 and funnel 20 are fixed on bracket 19 by support rod respectively, and drainpipe 18 is equipped with drain valve 38, drainpipe
18 lower sections are equipped with funnel 20, receiving flask 22 are equipped with below funnel 20, for graduated cylinder 21 for measuring water, graduated cylinder 21 is placed on receiving flask
22 sides, use when needs, and microorganism detector 39 is placed on 22 side of receiving flask, for detecting in water and in soil
Content of microorganisms, the measurement method of microorganism detector 39 mainly use electronic counter counting method measurement content of microorganisms and coating
Flat band method measures the type of microorganism, after every group of experiment, by microorganism measuring device to micro- life on the geotextile of taking-up
Species and quantity measure, and analysis compares in different groups of silting experiment, and the type and quantity of microorganism are to silting result
Influence
Distilled water generator 25 is arranged on distilled water generator bracket 29, and distilled water header tank 27 is arranged in distilled water header tank
On bracket 41, the normal-temperature distilled setting of water header tank 31 is catchmented on box bracket 42 in normal-temperature distilled water, the position of distilled water generator 25
It sets and is higher than distilled water header tank 27, the position of distilled water header tank 27 is higher than normal-temperature distilled water header tank 31, normal-temperature distilled water collection
The position of water tank 31 is higher than upper cylinder 10, and distilled water generator bracket 29, distilled water catchment box bracket 41, normal-temperature distilled water header tank
Bracket 42 is telescoping shoring column, and distilled water generator bracket 29, distilled water catchment box bracket 41, normal-temperature distilled water header tank branch
Frame 42 is attached by connecting rod 30 between each other, and connecting rod 30 is fixed on each bracket by bolt 28, distilled water hair
Raw device bracket 29, distilled water box bracket 41, normal-temperature distilled the water box bracket 42 that catchments that catchments are respectively set on the base 40 it.
Specific step is as follows when device uses:
(1) geotextile 15 and pressure-bearing strainer 16 are clipped between middle cylinder 13 and lower cylinder 17 first, tighten middle cylinder 13 and lower cylinder 17
Between bolt, tighten the bolt between cylinder 10 and middle cylinder 13, filter membrane 27 be attached to 13 inner wall of upper cylinder 10 and middle cylinder, by soil sample
14 are placed into middle cylinder 13, and pressure-bearing porous disc 35 is placed in soil sample 14, tighten top cover 9, close the valve on communicating pipe 33；
(2) tap water is passed into distilled water generator 25, regulate distilled water generator 25, distilled water header tank 27, often
The position height of warm distilled water header tank 31, upper cylinder 10, distilled water generator 25 are located at the highest point of entire experimental provision, can be with
Adjust the potential energy of water by adjusting the height of distilling apparatus bracket 29, and then adjust hydraulic pressure and water table gradient, to tap water into
Row distillation processing, 25 the inside of distilled water generator is inherently contained condenser pipe, can once be condensed to distilled water, therefore distilled water
From when flowing in distilled water header tank 27 in distilled water generator 25, water temperature has dropped down to 50 DEG C -65 DEG C, since it is desired that being steamed with room temperature
Distilled water, therefore when distilled water is flowed out from distilled water header tank 25, to be also helically wound around on cooling pipe holder 1 by one section
Condenser pipe 2 carry out time condensation, so that the temperature of distilled water is dropped to room temperature, condenser pipe 2 is helically wound around cooling pipe holder 1,
Cooling pipe holder 1 is tubular structure, and the inside is equipped with refrigerating material water, can play good cooling effect, obtain by condensation
Normal-temperature distilled water be stored in normal-temperature distilled water header tank 31；
(3) room temperature is obtained after treatment and is flowed into spray head 34 without steam distillation water through water pipe 4 and valve II 32, under spray head 34 sprays
Distilled water 11 flows into 14 the inside of soil sample by pressure-bearing porous disc 35, carries out seepage flow, unstable when seepage flow just starts, to seepage stability
After, at regular intervals, the water level for reading each pressure-measuring pipe 12 is surveyed, the hydraulic gradient of different water levels can be calculated, and choose infiltration
Stream stablizes the hydraulic gradient after one day, carries out calculating gradient ratio, passes through the size of gradient ratio, it can be determined that the case where silting.
The solidliquid mixture filtered out in lower cylinder 17 flows in funnel 20 through drainpipe 18, and filter paper, warp are placed in funnel 20
It after the filtering of funnel 20, is collected into receiving flask 22, the volume of liquid is measured by graduated cylinder 21, and detect what funnel 20 filtered out
Size, type and the quality of soil particle, to show that the amount that soil sample 14 is lost from geotextile has by comparing solid-to-liquid ratio
Help understand the silting situation of geotextile.
Microorganism being typically contained in soil sample 14, and the silting experiment progress time is longer, microorganism is likely to mass propagation, from
And biological silting occurs, geotextile silting experimental result is impacted, after every group of geotextile silting experiment, is taken out
Gleanings in the aperture of geotextile 15 and in the soil on surface and receiving flask 22, pass through electricity using microorganism measuring instrument 39
Sub-count device counting method measures content of microorganisms and spread plate method measures microbe species, to obtain different microorganisms type
Influence with quantity to geotextile biology clogging.
By control valve II 32, inflow is controlled, simulates different size of rainfall, effective simulation drops naturally
Rain, to exclude to make experiment condition closer to reality because water flow is uneven, the unstable influence to the experiment of geotextile silting of hydraulic pressure
Situation.
By adjusting the quantity of spray head 34, the silting simulated under different fountain heights influences, and the quantity of spray head 34 changes scheme:
4 bottom end of water pipe is branched off into multiple laterals, and each lateral connects a spray head, is designed with valve on each lateral
Door.
In the case where keeping the identical situation of other amounts, open valve I 7 is made by being pumped into air in the upward cylinder 10 of air pump 6
Pressure increase in cylinder 10, soil sample 14 is compacted, after then the valve on opening communicating pipe 33 releases the pressure in upper cylinder 10,
It is tested, to probe into silting situation when the same soil sample of compactness not of the same race is filtered.
In the case where keeping the identical situation of other amounts, pass through the variety classes in replacement between cylinder 13 and lower cylinder 17, different thickness
The geotextile 15 of degree, different pore size is visited to carry out different geotextile silting experiments by comparing the size of gradient ratio
Studying carefully silting when geotextile type, thickness and pore size are filtered the same soil sample of same compactness influences.
In the case where guaranteeing the identical situation of other amounts, by changing the type of soil sample 14, different experiments is carried out, by comparing
Gradient ratio, it can be deduced that influence of the soil sample of different nature to geotextile silting.
When encountering unexpected situation, cause the distilled water 11 in cylinder 10 excessive or upper cylinder 10 in air pressure it is excessively high when, can be with
The valve on communicating pipe 33 is opened, is discharged water or the gas in overflow water and upper cylinder 10 in cylinder 10 is gone up in pressure release, urgent exclusion
Body, to guarantee safety.
Claims (9)
1. the silting experimental provision of a kind of tailings material and its geotextile, which is characterized in that including cooling pipe holder, condensation
Pipe, pressure gauge I, water pipe, pressure gauge II, top cover, upper cylinder, pressure-measuring pipe, middle cylinder, geotextile, pressure-bearing strainer, lower cylinder, drainpipe,
Funnel, receiving flask, overflow pipe, distilled water aqueduct, distilled water generator, sealing valve, distilled water header tank, normal-temperature distilled water
Header tank, valve II, spray head, pressure-bearing porous disc, filter membrane, drain valve；
Distilled water generator is connect by distilled water aqueduct with distilled water header tank, and water check valve is arranged on distilled water aqueduct
Door, distilled water header tank are equipped with overflow pipe, and distilled water header tank is connect by condenser pipe with normal-temperature distilled water header tank, condense
Pipe is wrapped on cooling pipe holder, and cooling pipe holder is arranged on normal-temperature distilled water header tank, and cooling pipe holder is tubular structure,
Refrigerating material is housed, normal-temperature distilled water header tank bottom opening is simultaneously connected with water pipe, and water pipe is equipped with pressure gauge inside tubular structure
I, valve II, the other end of water pipe are connected with more than one spray head,
Top cover is arranged on upper cylinder, and spray head passes through top cover and is arranged inside upper cylinder, and top cover is equipped with pressure gauge II, upper cylinder lower section
The side of cylinder in setting, middle cylinder inside setting pressure-bearing porous disc, upper cylinder and middle cylinder is provided with multiple pressure taps, and pressure-measuring pipe is inserted in survey pressure
The inner wall of Kong Li, upper cylinder and middle cylinder is equipped with filter membrane, is equipped with lower cylinder below middle cylinder, geotextile and filter are arranged between middle cylinder and lower cylinder
Net aperture and is connected with drainpipe on the pedestal of lower cylinder, and drainpipe is equipped with drain valve, is equipped with funnel below drainpipe, under funnel
Side is equipped with receiving flask.
2. the silting experimental provision of tailings material and its geotextile according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include gas
Pump, valve I, snorkel, snorkel are arranged on top cover, and upper cylinder is connect by snorkel with air pump, and snorkel is equipped with valve I.
3. the silting experimental provision of tailings material and its geotextile according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the amount of further including
Cylinder, the position for replacing receiving flask below funnel is arranged in graduated cylinder, or is placed on beside receiving flask.
4. the silting experimental provision of tailings material and its geotextile according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include micro-
Bio-detector, microorganism detector are placed on beside receiving flask.
5. the silting experimental provision of tailings material and its geotextile according to claim 1, which is characterized in that distilled water hair
Raw device is arranged on distilled water generator bracket, and the setting of distilled water header tank is catchmented on box bracket in distilled water, normal-temperature distilled water
Header tank setting is catchmented on box bracket in normal-temperature distilled water, and the position of distilled water generator is higher than distilled water header tank, distilled water
The position of header tank is higher than normal-temperature distilled water header tank, and the position of normal-temperature distilled water header tank is higher than upper cylinder, distilled water generator
Bracket, distilled water box bracket, normal-temperature distilled the water box bracket that catchments that catchments are telescoping shoring column, and distilled water generator bracket steams
Distilled water box bracket, normal-temperature distilled the water box bracket that catchments that catchments is attached by connecting rod between each other, and connecting rod passes through bolt
It is fixed on each bracket, distilled water generator bracket, distilled water box bracket, normal-temperature distilled the water box bracket that catchments that catchments are set respectively
It sets on pedestal.
6. the silting experimental provision of tailings material and its geotextile according to claim 1, which is characterized in that drainpipe with
Funnel passes through support rod respectively and is fixed on bracket.
7. the silting experimental provision of tailings material and its geotextile according to claim 1, which is characterized in that on top cover also
Equipped with communicating pipe, communicating pipe is equipped with valve.
8. the silting experimental provision of tailings material and its geotextile according to claim 1, which is characterized in that refrigerating material
For water, ice cube or high molecular material refrigerant.
9. the silting experimental provision of tailings material and its geotextile according to claim 1, which is characterized in that set on top cover
There is threaded hole, upper cylinder is equipped with upper cylinder top plate and upper cylinder pedestal, is equipped with threaded hole on upper cylinder top plate and upper cylinder pedestal, middle cylinder is equipped with
Threaded hole is equipped on middle cylinder top plate and middle cylinder pedestal, middle cylinder top plate and middle cylinder pedestal, lower cylinder is equipped with lower cylinder top plate and lower cylinder bottom
Disk, lower cylinder top plate are equipped with threaded hole, and upper cylinder top plate is connect by bolt with top cover, and upper cylinder pedestal passes through bolt and middle cylinder top plate
Connection, middle cylinder pedestal are connect by bolt with lower cylinder top plate.
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