CN216919201U

CN216919201U - Pretreatment device before anaerobic fermentation of biomass straws

Info

Publication number: CN216919201U
Application number: CN202121893785.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郝进伟; 曲毅; 丁宇; 刘雪; 徐慧荟; 杨宏旺; 张培杨; 张华巍; 王兆选; 谢辉; 张来君; 孟祥利; 赵风涛; 王金城; 李守伟; 于海深; 常安; 李鹏; 柳晓明; 马吉飞
Original assignee: Econ Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Econ Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-13
Filing date: 2021-08-13
Publication date: 2022-07-08
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-13

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of straw processing, in particular to a pretreatment device before anaerobic fermentation of biomass straws, which comprises a box body, wherein the box body is sequentially divided into a material cutting unit, a liquid spraying unit, an oxidation unit, a conveying unit and a crushing unit which are communicated with each other from left to right; the bottom of the box body is provided with a power supply box and an upright post; the oxidation unit is used for oxidizing the straws and sending the straws to the conveying unit; the conveying unit is used for conveying the straws to the crushing unit; the cutting unit comprises a cutting chamber, a chain scraper conveyor A is installed in the cutting chamber, a cutter is arranged above the chain scraper conveyor A, the cutter is driven by an air cylinder A to vertically move, a baffle plate is arranged on the right side of the cutter, the baffle plate is driven by an air cylinder B to vertically move, and a feed inlet is formed in one side of the chain scraper conveyor A; the liquid spraying unit is used for spraying and collecting the hydrogen peroxide solution to the straws. Therefore, the subsequent anaerobic fermentation time is shortened, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the cost of anaerobic fermentation is reduced.

Description

Pretreatment device before anaerobic fermentation of biomass straws

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of straw processing, in particular to a pretreatment device before anaerobic fermentation of biomass straws.

Background

Energy crisis and environmental pollution become the big problem of the world development at present, and the biomass biogas fermentation technology using straw as the main raw material is one of the key technologies for effectively relieving the problem. However, the lignocellulose raw materials such as the straws and the like have complex and compact structures and are difficult to hydrolyze and acidify, so that the utilization efficiency of the conventional straw biogas is low. Therefore, the necessary straw fermentation pretreatment measures have important significance for solving the technical bottleneck of straw biogas utilization.

Patent CN210856109U describes a straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device, which relates to the field of straw pretreatment, and comprises a spraying component, an aeration component, a percolation liquid collecting tank and a plurality of fermentation reaction chambers which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the bottom of each fermentation chamber is provided with a plurality of percolation holes; patent CN107432942A describes a method for pretreating straws by microwave irradiation, which can rapidly and efficiently sterilize eggs and microorganisms parasitized on straws by microwave irradiation, and destroy and decompose special cellulose and hemicellulose structures of straws by microwave irradiation. The problems that the sterilization rate of the conventional high-pressure steam sterilization pretreatment is low, the energy consumption is high and the special structure of the straw cannot be damaged are solved; patent CN111518846A describes a method for producing biogas by fermenting mild moist heat pretreated corn stalks, which comprises crushing the stalks, mixing with calcium oxide solution, filtering to obtain stalk paste, and adjusting PH to 6.8-7.3 for anaerobic fermentation. The calcium oxide is used as a pretreatment agent, and the corn straw is treated under the mild and damp-heat conditions, so that the effect is good.

The existing straw pretreatment technology mostly adopts a single physical method, a single chemical method or a single biological method. The physical method is single in form, and the single method is only used for one kind; the chemical method needs a large amount of chemical treatment reagents, is easy to cause secondary pollution to the environment, and simultaneously, the acidification and alkalization pretreatment can only reduce the polymerization degree of lignin to a certain extent, so that the degradation degree of lignin with a cyclic structure in the lignin component cannot be damaged, and is low; the biological method has high requirements on the microbial inoculum, long culture duration, low survival rate, high cost and long pretreatment time.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, and provides a pretreatment device before anaerobic fermentation of biomass straws, which can shorten the anaerobic fermentation time and reduce the cost.

In order to achieve the aim, the utility model provides a pretreatment device before anaerobic fermentation of biomass straws, which comprises a box body, wherein the box body is sequentially divided into a material cutting unit, a liquid spraying unit, an oxidation unit, a conveying unit and a crushing unit which are communicated with each other from left to right; the bottom of the box body is provided with a power supply box and an upright post; the oxidation unit is used for oxidizing the straws and sending the straws to the conveying unit; the conveying unit is used for conveying the straws to the crushing unit;

the cutting unit comprises a cutting chamber, a chain plate conveyor A is installed in the cutting chamber, a cutter is arranged above the chain plate conveyor A, the cutter is driven by an air cylinder A to vertically move, a baffle is arranged on the right side of the cutter, the baffle is driven by an air cylinder B to vertically move, and the air cylinder A and the air cylinder B are both arranged at the top of the cutting chamber; a feeding hole is formed in one side of the chain plate conveyor A;

the liquid spraying unit comprises a spraying chamber, a chain plate conveyor B is installed in the spraying chamber, a plurality of spraying discs are arranged above the chain plate conveyor B, a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the spraying discs, and the spraying discs are fixed at the top of the spraying chamber through liquid conveying pipes; and a liquid storage box is arranged below the chain plate conveyor B, and a liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the liquid storage box.

Furthermore, a sand chamber is arranged below the cutting chamber, a vibration disc is arranged at the upper part of the sand chamber, and a vibration motor is arranged on the vibration disc; the vibrating plate is configured to enable the chain scraper conveyor A to vibrate uniformly, so that the separation of sandy soil on the straws is facilitated; and a sand outlet is formed in the bottom of the sand soil chamber.

Furthermore, a plurality of manipulators are arranged on two sides of the chain plate conveyor B respectively, each manipulator comprises a six-axis linkage mechanical arm and a mechanical claw, and the manipulators are used for grabbing and turning over the straws.

Furthermore, a transparent scale plate is hermetically arranged on the liquid storage box.

Further, the oxidation unit includes a first oxidation chamber and a second oxidation chamber which are alternately used.

Further, an opening and closing door A is arranged at the top of the first oxidation chamber, and a belt conveyor A and a discharge hole A are arranged at the bottom of the first oxidation chamber; the top of the second oxidation chamber is provided with an opening and closing door B, and the bottom of the second oxidation chamber is provided with a belt conveyor B and a discharge hole B; an infrared sensor is arranged below each of the opening and closing door A and the opening and closing door B and is configured to control the opening and closing of the opening and closing door A or the opening and closing door B when the first oxidation chamber or the second oxidation chamber is filled with straw.

Further, the transfer unit is provided with a screw conveyor.

Further, the bottom of the crushing unit is provided with two rotating crushing rollers; the crushing rollers comprise roller shafts, a plurality of crushing knives are arranged on the roller shafts, and the crushing knives on the two crushing rollers are matched in a staggered mode; and a discharge hole C is formed below the crushing roller.

Further, a dust collection cover is arranged at the top of the crushing unit and connected with external dust collection equipment through a discharge pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: the biogas conversion rate of the subsequent anaerobic fermentation process is improved, the anaerobic fermentation time is shortened, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the cost of the anaerobic fermentation is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. a cutting chamber; 2. a sandy soil chamber; 3. a spray chamber; 4. a liquid storage tank; 5. an oxidation unit; 6. a transfer unit; 7. a pulverization unit; 8. a power supply box; 9. a column; 11. a feed inlet; 12. a chain scraper conveyor A; 13. a cylinder A; 14. a cutter; 15. a cylinder B; 16. a baffle plate; 21. a sand outlet; 22. a vibration motor; 23. a vibrating pan; 31. spraying a disc; 32. a nozzle; 33. a manipulator; 34. a chain scraper conveyor B; 51. a first oxidation chamber; 52. a second oxidation chamber; 53. an infrared sensor; 61. a screw conveyor; 71. a discharge port C; 72. a roll shaft; 73. a crushing knife; 74. a dust collection cover; 75. a discharge pipe; 511. a belt conveyor A; 512. opening and closing the door A; 513. a discharge hole A; 521. a belt conveyor B; 522. opening and closing the door B; 523. and a discharge hole B.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "vertical", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1, the utility model provides a pretreatment device before anaerobic fermentation of biomass straws, which comprises a box body, wherein the box body is divided into a material cutting unit, a liquid spraying unit, an oxidation unit 5, a conveying unit 6 and a crushing unit 7 which are communicated with each other from left to right; the bottom of the box body is provided with a power supply box 8 and a vertical column 9; the oxidation unit 5 is used for oxidizing the straws and sending the straws to the conveying unit 6; the conveying unit 6 is used for conveying the straws to the crushing unit 7; the power supply box 8 here is used to supply power to the entire apparatus. The cutting unit comprises a cutting chamber 1, a chain plate conveyor A12 is installed on the cutting chamber 1, a cutter 14 is arranged above a chain plate conveyor A12, the cutter 14 is driven by a cylinder A13 to move vertically, a baffle 16 is arranged on the right side of the cutter 14, the baffle 16 is driven by a cylinder B15 to move vertically, and the cylinder A13 and the cylinder B15 are both arranged at the top of the cutting chamber 1; one side of the chain plate conveyor A12 is provided with a feed inlet 11; the baffles 16 here enable straw alignment. The liquid spraying unit comprises a spraying chamber 3, a chain plate conveyor B34 is installed in the spraying chamber 3, a plurality of spraying discs 31 are arranged above the chain plate conveyor B34, a plurality of nozzles 32 are arranged on the spraying discs 31, and the spraying discs 31 are fixed on the top of the spraying chamber 3 through liquid conveying pipes; a liquid storage tank 4 is arranged below the chain scraper conveyor B34, and a liquid outlet 41 is arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 4.

Preferably, a sand chamber 2 is arranged below the cutting chamber 1, a vibration plate 23 is arranged at the upper part of the sand chamber 2, and a vibration motor 22 is arranged on the vibration plate 23; the vibrating plate 23 can enable the chain plate conveyor A12 to vibrate uniformly, which is beneficial to the separation of sand on the straws; the bottom of the sandy soil chamber 2 is provided with a sand outlet 21.

As an embodiment of the utility model, a plurality of mechanical hands 33 are respectively arranged on two sides of the chain-link conveyor B34, the mechanical hands 33 comprise six-axis linkage mechanical arms and mechanical claws, and the mechanical hands 33 are used for grabbing and turning over straws. The six-axis linkage mechanical arm adopts a six-axis robot produced by Suzhou Ling monkey robot Limited, and the mechanical paw adopts a DH-3 three-finger joint type adaptive electric paw produced by Shenzhen large atlantoan robot technology Limited. The above details are not repeated.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a transparent scale plate 42 is hermetically disposed on the liquid storage tank 4 for observing the liquid storage condition in the liquid storage tank 4.

As one embodiment of the present invention, the oxidation unit 5 includes a first oxidation chamber 51 and a second oxidation chamber 52 which are alternately used.

Preferably, the top of the first oxidation chamber 51 is provided with an opening and closing door a512, and the bottom of the first oxidation chamber 51 is provided with a belt conveyor a511 and a discharge port a 513; the top of the second oxidation chamber 52 is provided with an opening and closing door B522, and the bottom of the second oxidation chamber 52 is provided with a belt conveyor B521 and a discharge hole B523; the infrared sensors 53 are arranged below the opening and closing door A512 and the opening and closing door B522, and when the first oxidation chamber 51 or the second oxidation chamber 52 is filled with straws, the infrared sensors 53 control the opening and closing of the opening and closing door A512 or the opening and closing door B522.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the conveying unit 6 is provided with a screw conveyor 61.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the pulverizing unit 7 is provided with two rotating crushing rollers; the crushing rollers comprise roller shafts 72, a plurality of crushing knives 73 are arranged on the roller shafts 72, and the crushing knives 73 on the two crushing rollers are matched in a staggered manner; a discharge port C71 is arranged below the crushing roller.

Preferably, the top of the pulverizing unit 7 is provided with a dust cage 74, and the dust cage 74 is connected with an external dust suction apparatus through a discharge pipe 75.

The specific using process of the utility model is as follows:

the straw to be treated is conveyed into the cutting chamber 1 through the feed inlet 11, the straw is conveyed through a chain plate conveyor A12, a vibration disc 23 is arranged below the chain plate conveyor A12, a vibration motor 22 is arranged on the vibration disc 23, sand on the straw can be vibrated to fall into the sand chamber 2, and the sand is collected and treated through a sand outlet 21. The cutter 14 and the baffle 16 on the upper part of the cutting chamber 1 synchronously extend downwards and contract upwards, the cutter 14 cuts off the straws, the cut straws enter the liquid spraying unit along with the chain plate conveyor A12, the hydrogen peroxide solution is sprayed to the straws through the nozzle 32 above the spraying chamber 3, the manipulator 33 turns over the straws on the chain plate conveyor B34, so that the hydrogen peroxide solution is uniformly sprayed, and the hydrogen peroxide solution has the concentration of 3-5%. The transparent scale plate 42 arranged on the liquid storage tank 4 is equivalent to an observation window, so that the hydrogen peroxide solution can be conveniently and timely supplemented. The cut straws sprayed with the hydrogen peroxide are conveyed to the oxidation unit 5 along with a chain scraper conveyor B34. The straws firstly fall into the first oxidation chamber 51, when the straw infrared sensor 53 detects that the straws are approaching, the infrared sensor 53 sends a signal and enables the opening and closing door A512 in the first oxidation chamber 51 to be automatically opened into an inclined top cover, the straws enter the second oxidation chamber 52 along the opening and closing door A512, and the straws in the first oxidation chamber 51 are tightly closed for 20-30 minutes and are conveyed to the conveying unit 6 along the belt conveyor A511. Similarly, when the infrared sensor 53 in the second oxidation chamber 52 detects that the straws approach, the infrared sensor 53 sends a signal to enable the opening and closing door B522 in the second oxidation chamber 52 to be automatically opened, and simultaneously, the opening and closing door a512 in the first oxidation chamber 51 is automatically retracted, the first oxidation chamber 51 is in an opened state, and the straws fall into the first oxidation chamber 51, so that the first oxidation chamber 51 and the second oxidation chamber 52 are alternately used. The straw in the second oxidation chamber 52 is "stuffed" for 20-30 minutes and transported along the belt conveyor B521 to the transfer unit 6. The straw conveyed to the conveying unit 6 is conveyed to the crushing unit 7 along the screw conveyer 61 for crushing treatment, namely, the straw after the oxidation treatment is crushed into smaller straw sections under the action of the crushing knife 73 on the crushing roller. During the process of crushing the straws, substances such as powder slag and the like are generated and absorbed by the dust hood 74 at the upper part of the crushing unit 7, and the dust hood 74 is connected with external dust suction equipment through the discharge pipe 75, so that the centralized treatment of the powder slag can be realized.

The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The above-described embodiments of the utility model are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the utility model being indicated by the appended claims, and not by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims

1. The pretreatment device before the anaerobic fermentation of the biomass straws is characterized by comprising a box body, wherein the box body is sequentially divided into a material cutting unit, a liquid spraying unit, an oxidation unit (5), a conveying unit (6) and a crushing unit (7) which are communicated with each other from left to right; the bottom of the box body is provided with a power supply box (8) and a stand column (9); the oxidation unit (5) is used for oxidizing straws and sending the straws to the conveying unit (6); the conveying unit (6) is used for conveying straws to the crushing unit (7);

the cutting unit comprises a cutting chamber (1), a chain plate conveyor A (12) is installed on the cutting chamber (1), a cutter (14) is arranged above the chain plate conveyor A (12), the cutter (14) is driven by an air cylinder A (13) to vertically move, a baffle (16) is arranged on the right side of the cutter (14), the baffle (16) is driven by an air cylinder B (15) to vertically move, and the air cylinder A (13) and the air cylinder B (15) are both arranged at the top of the cutting chamber (1); a feed inlet (11) is formed in one side of the chain plate conveyor A (12);

the liquid spraying unit comprises a spraying chamber (3), a chain plate conveyor B (34) is installed in the spraying chamber (3), a plurality of spraying discs (31) are arranged above the chain plate conveyor B (34), a plurality of nozzles (32) are arranged on the spraying discs (31), and the spraying discs (31) are fixed on the top of the spraying chamber (3) through liquid conveying pipes; a liquid storage box (4) is arranged below the chain plate conveyor B (34), and a liquid outlet (41) is arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage box (4).

2. The pretreatment device before the anaerobic fermentation of biomass straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein a sand chamber (2) is arranged below the cutting chamber (1), a vibration plate (23) is arranged at the upper part of the sand chamber (2), and a vibration motor (22) is arranged on the vibration plate (23); the vibrating plate (23) is configured to enable the chain scraper conveyor A (12) to vibrate uniformly, so that the separation of sand on the straw is facilitated; the bottom of the sandy soil chamber (2) is provided with a sand outlet (21).

3. The pretreatment device before anaerobic fermentation of biomass straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of manipulators (33) are respectively arranged on two sides of the chain conveyor B (34), the manipulators (33) comprise six-axis linkage mechanical arms and mechanical claws, and the manipulators (33) are used for grabbing and turning straws.

4. The pretreatment device before the anaerobic fermentation of biomass straws as claimed in claim 3, wherein the liquid storage tank (4) is hermetically provided with a transparent scale plate (42).

5. The pretreatment device before anaerobic fermentation of biomass straw according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the oxidation unit (5) comprises a first oxidation chamber (51) and a second oxidation chamber (52) which are alternately used.

6. The pretreatment device before the anaerobic fermentation of the biomass straws as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the top of the first oxidation chamber (51) is provided with an opening and closing door A (512), and the bottom of the first oxidation chamber (51) is provided with a belt conveyor A (511) and a discharge hole A (513); an opening and closing door B (522) is arranged at the top of the second oxidation chamber (52), and a belt conveyor B (521) and a discharge hole B (523) are arranged at the bottom of the second oxidation chamber (52); an infrared sensor (53) is arranged below each of the opening and closing door A (512) and the opening and closing door B (522), and the infrared sensors (53) are configured to control the opening and closing of the opening and closing door A (512) or the opening and closing door B (522) when the first oxidation chamber (51) or the second oxidation chamber (52) is filled with straw.

7. The pretreatment device before anaerobic fermentation of biomass straw according to claim 6, characterized in that the conveying unit (6) is provided with a screw conveyor (61).

8. The pretreatment device before the anaerobic fermentation of biomass straws in claim 6 is characterized in that the bottom of the crushing unit (7) is provided with two rotating crushing rollers; the crushing rollers comprise roller shafts (72), a plurality of crushing knives (73) are arranged on the roller shafts (72), and the crushing knives (73) on the two crushing rollers are matched in a staggered mode; and a discharge hole C (71) is formed below the crushing roller.

9. The pretreatment device before anaerobic fermentation of biomass straws as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that a dust collection hood (74) is arranged on the top of the crushing unit (7), and the dust collection hood (74) is connected with an external dust collection device through a discharge pipe (75).